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COX Inhibitor
Oxaprozin potassium is a potent cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, demonstrating IC50 values of 2.2 μM for human platelet COX-1 and 36 μM for IL-1-stimulated human synovial cell COX-2. It not only exhibits anti-inflammatory activity but also inhibits the activation of NF-κB, inducing cell apoptosis. The inhibition of the Akt/IKK/NF-κB pathway is a key mechanism contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects, making it a valuable tool for research in inflammation and related cellular processes. -
COX-2 Inhibitor
Withangulatin A is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), demonstrating significant potential in the modulation of inflammatory and tumorigenic processes. This compound also interferes with the MAPK, NF-κB, and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathways, thereby exhibiting notable antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Additionally, Withangulatin A has been shown to possess trypanocidal effects, making it useful for research in cancer, inflammation, and parasitic diseases. -
AChE Inhibitor
MR2938 is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 5.04 μM. In addition to its enzymatic activity, MR2938 significantly reduces nitric oxide production, with an IC50 of 3.29 μM. This compound effectively mitigates neuroinflammation by inhibiting the MAPK/JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways. MR2938 is applicable for research focused on Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative conditions. -
AChE Inhibitor/Metal Ion Chelating Agent
AD-35 is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and a metal ion chelating agent, designed for research in Alzheimer’s disease. It demonstrates AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition with IC50 values of 793 nM and 31,428 nM, respectively. AD-35 effectively chelates copper (Cu²⁺) and iron (Fe³⁺) ions, while exhibiting limited interaction with zinc (Zn²⁺). Additionally, AD-35 can inhibit amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, destabilize pre-formed Aβ aggregates, and inhibit Aβ-induced ERK phosphorylation. Its ability to reduce neuroinflammation in rat models of Alzheimer's and improve cognitive performance underscores its potential in therapeutic research. -
COX-2 Inhibitor
Ataquimast is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that effectively suppresses the release of leukotrienes, TNF-α, and GM-CSF. Its mechanism supports research into inflammatory responses and has potential applications in the study of advanced estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. This compound may aid in elucidating the role of COX-2 in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. -
COX-2 Inhibitor
COX-2-IN-60 is a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), demonstrating an IC50 of 0.06 μM and approximately 100-fold selectivity over COX-1. This compound significantly reduces oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory cytokines, effectively counteracting epileptogenesis. In preclinical studies utilizing a pilocarpine-induced seizure mouse model, COX-2-IN-60 exhibited substantial anticonvulsant effects while protecting against hippocampal injury. Its application in research relates to neuroinflammatory pathways and epilepsy mechanisms. -
ERK/BACE1/PSEN1 Inhibitor
L-Citronellol ((S)-3,7-Dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol) is an ERK/BACE1/PSEN1 inhibitor known for its anti-allergic and neuroprotective properties. This compound effectively inhibits mast cell activation and subsequent release of inflammatory mediators by targeting the ERK pathway. Additionally, L-Citronellol decreases the activity of BACE1, PSEN1, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), while reducing TNF-α expression and lipid peroxidation, indicating its potential utility in multi-target approaches for Alzheimer's disease research. -
ROS/iNOS/TNF-α/COX-2 Inhibitor
Callistephin chloride is an anthocyanin that functions as an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). This compound regulates the expression of inflammatory and apoptosis-related proteins by inhibiting p38 phosphorylation, thereby enhancing the protective effects against microglial cell damage. Callistephin chloride also significantly reduces ROS levels, mitigates glutamate excitotoxicity, and provides neuroprotection to cerebellar granule neurons. Additionally, it inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis. -
AChE Inhibitor
Linarin is a selective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), demonstrating oral bioavailability. This compound exhibits a range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, sedative, and antibacterial properties. Linarin is valuable for research in neurological disorders, osteoporosis, and cancer, providing insights into potential therapeutic applications across these areas. -
COX-2/HDAC Inhibitor
Andrographidine E is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and histone deacetylases (HDAC), with an IC50 of 19 μM for COX-2 and a strong affinity for HDAC1 and HDAC3. This compound selectively binds to macrophages, suggesting its potential as an immunotargeting agent. Andrographidine E is valuable for research applications focused on inflammation and immune modulation. -
BChE/HDAC6 Inhibitor
BChE/HDAC6-IN-2 is a potent dual inhibitor targeting both butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), demonstrating IC50 values of 1.8 nM and 71.0 nM, respectively. This compound exhibits significant neuroprotective properties and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), alongside effectively chelating metal ions such as Fe2+ and Cu2+. Furthermore, BChE/HDAC6-IN-2 inhibits tau phosphorylation and presents moderate immunomodulatory effects, making it a valuable reagent for research into neurodegenerative diseases and related pathways. -
AChE/HDAC Inhibitor
AChE/HDAC-IN-1 is a potent dual inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and histone deacetylases (HDAC) with IC50 values of 0.12 nM and 0.23 nM, respectively. This compound also demonstrates antioxidant activity and metal chelating properties, making it a valuable tool in understanding neurodegenerative processes. AChE/HDAC-IN-1 is suitable for research applications related to Alzheimer's disease and other conditions associated with cholinergic dysfunction and epigenetic modifications. -
HDAC6 Inhibitor
HDAC6-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), demonstrating an IC50 of 0.025 μM. This compound effectively inhibits the self-aggregation of amyloid-beta 1-42 and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with IC50 values of 3.0 μM and 0.72 μM, respectively. HDAC6-IN-5 has been shown to promote neurite outgrowth while exhibiting minimal neurotoxicity, making it a valuable tool for research in neurodegenerative disease and neuronal regeneration studies. -
HDAC6 Inhibitor
HDAC6-IN-6 is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.025 μM. This compound is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier and demonstrates strong inhibitory activity against amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ1-42) self-aggregation and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50 values of 3.0 μM and 0.72 μM, respectively. Additionally, HDAC6-IN-6 enhances neurite outgrowth while maintaining a favorable safety profile, making it a valuable tool for research in neurodegenerative diseases and related fields. -
BChE/HDAC6 Inhibitor
BChE/HDAC6-IN-1 is a selective dual inhibitor targeting both butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), with IC50 values of 4 nM and 8.9 nM, respectively. This compound demonstrates significant potential in ameliorating cognitive impairment in an Aβ1–42-induced mouse model, making it a valuable tool in Alzheimer's disease research. Its ability to modulate both cholinergic and epigenetic pathways positions BChE/HDAC6-IN-1 as a promising candidate for studies focused on neurodegenerative disorders. -
Anti-inflammatory agent, AChE Inhibitor, P450 Inhibitor, Neuroprotective agents
Acetylshikonin is a potent anti-inflammatory agent that also functions as an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and non-selective cytochrome P450 enzymes. With an IC50 of 34.6 μM for AChE, Acetylshikonin exhibits neuroprotective properties and can induce apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Its ability to regulate blood glucose and liver fat metabolism makes it valuable in research related to diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. -
COX Inhibitor
[8]-Shogaol is a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX), specifically targeting COX-2 with an IC50 of 17.5 μM. This compound exhibits significant antiplatelet properties (IC50=5 μM) and demonstrates anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Additionally, [8]-Shogaol modulates key signaling pathways by inhibiting TAK1, IKK, and Akt, thereby influencing MAPK signaling and alleviating synovitis. Its unique pharmacological profile makes it a valuable reagent for research in cancer, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. -
Cholinesterase (ChE) Inhibitor
Scopoletin is a cholinesterase inhibitor that primarily targets acetylcholinesterase (AChE). It possesses notable biological activity in preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, thereby enhancing cholinergic transmission. Scopoletin is commonly used in research focused on neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive disorders, and potential therapeutic interventions involving cholinergic systems. -
COX Inhibitor
Diclofenac potassium is a potent nonselective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, demonstrating IC50 values of 4 nM for human COX-1 and 1.3 nM for human COX-2 in CHO cells, along with 5.1 μM and 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. This reagent exhibits significant anti-inflammatory properties and is particularly effective in inducing apoptosis in neural stem cells through the activation of the caspase cascade. It is widely used in research studies focusing on inflammatory pathways and neural stem cell biology. -
Tau Aggregation Inhibitor
Nimbin is a potent tau aggregation inhibitor derived from the limonoid class of compounds found in Azadirachta. It is shown to enhance cell viability while effectively inhibiting the envelope protein of the dengue virus. Additionally, Nimbin exhibits a range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antihistamine, antiseptic, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral properties. This diverse activity profile makes Nimbin a valuable reagent for research in neurodegenerative diseases and viral infections. -
EGFR/HER2/CDK9/COX-2 Inhibitor
CDK9-IN-41 is a potent inhibitor of CDK9, EGFR, HER2, and COX-2, exhibiting IC50 values of 192.81 nM, 254.03 nM, 238.81 nM, and 775 nM respectively. This compound demonstrates significant antitumor activity across various cancer cell lines, including leukemia, colon, melanoma, ovarian, and breast cancer. It serves as a valuable tool for exploring the role of these kinases in cancer biology and therapeutic applications. -
CaMK II Inhibitor
Lavendustin C is a selective inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMK II), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.2 µM. In addition to its primary mechanism, Lavendustin C also targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-associated tyrosine kinase with an IC50 of 0.012 µM and pp60c-src(+) kinase at an IC50 of 0.5 µM. This compound is valuable in research applications focused on signaling pathways involving CaMK II and its associated kinases, aiding in the study of various cellular processes and potential therapeutic interventions. -
PDE Inhibitor
Flavoxate hydrochloride is a competitive inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE), providing significant antispasmodic effects through its action as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist. In addition to its PDE inhibition, it exhibits moderate calcium antagonistic properties and local anesthetic effects. Flavoxate hydrochloride is utilized in research focused on overactive bladder (OAB) and related lower urinary tract infections, contributing to a better understanding of these conditions and potential therapeutic approaches. -
COX-1/cAMP Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
Triflusal is a dual inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cAMP phosphodiesterase, which penetrates the blood-brain barrier. It effectively inhibits platelet aggregation, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, and prostaglandin synthesis in ischemic tissues. Additionally, Triflusal enhances neutrophil nitric oxide production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, and constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) activity. This compound is valuable for investigating thromboembolic and ischemic diseases of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, as well as Alzheimer's disease pathology. -
Dopamine Transporter Inhibitor
LR1143 is a potent inhibitor of the dopamine transporter (DAT), exhibiting an IC50 value of 3.4 nM in rat models. This compound also inhibits 5-HT uptake, with an IC50 of 112 nM, indicating its broader influence on serotonin reuptake sites. LR1143 demonstrates a strong binding affinity for DAT, as evidenced by its interaction with the dopamine reuptake inhibitor GBR 12935, and offers utility in research focused on cocaine abuse and other neuropharmacological studies. -
DAT/NET/SERT Inhibitor
DOV-102,677 is a potent triple reuptake inhibitor targeting the dopamine transporter (DAT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and serotonin transporter (SERT). It exhibits inhibitory potency with IC50 values of 129 nM for DAT, 103 nM for NET, and 133 nM for SERT. This compound has shown significant antidepressant-like effects and modulates sensory-motor gating in preclinical mouse models. DOV-102,677 is suitable for investigations into the mechanisms of depression and related neuropharmacological research. -
AChE/SERT Inhibitor
BGC-201259 is a potent and orally active inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and serotonin transporter (SERT), with IC50 values of 101 nM and 42 nM, respectively. Additionally, it inhibits the 5-HT receptor with an IC50 of 90 nM. BGC-201259 exhibits varying activity against several targets, including the norepinephrine transporter (IC50 = 7.7 μM), L-type calcium channel (IC50 = 3.6 μM), σ receptor (IC50 = 2 μM), and sodium channel (IC50 = 5.1 μM). This compound shows promise in research related to Alzheimer's disease by potentially enhancing cognitive and emotional functions through its dual-targeting mechanism. -
AChE Inhibitor
Flucopride is an AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 24 nM, demonstrating significant potency in acetylcholinesterase modulation. Additionally, it acts as a partial agonist at the 5-HT4 receptor with a binding affinity (Ki) of 9.6 nM. Flucopride facilitates non-amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in COS-7 cells expressing the human 5-HT4 receptor, with an EC50 of 23.0 nM. Its properties suggest effective gastrointestinal tract penetration and the capability to cross the blood-brain barrier, as indicated by PAMPA assay results, making it relevant for neuropharmacology research. -
COX Inhibitor
Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) is a COX-2 inhibitor that modulates multiple molecular pathways to induce apoptosis. This Curcumin analog exhibits notable oral bioactivity and suppresses key angiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Additionally, PGV-1 inhibits NF-κB activation, highlighting its potential in cancer research and therapeutic applications targeting inflammation and tumor progression. -
γ-Secretase Inhibitor I
Z-LLNle-CHO is a γ-secretase inhibitor that effectively disrupts the Akt-mediated pro-survival signaling pathway, leading to caspase activation and ROS-dependent apoptosis. This compound is instrumental in cancer research, particularly in the studies of breast cancer and leukemia, where inhibiting γ-secretase activity may provide insights into therapeutic strategies. -
AChE Inhibitor
Kokusaginine is a furoquinoline alkaloid that acts as an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 value of 28.2 μM. This compound has demonstrated anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in MCF-7/ADR cancer cell lines, making it a valuable reagent for research in neurobiology and cancer biology. Its ability to modulate cholinergic signaling and induce cell death highlights its potential for further investigation in therapeutic applications. -
CDK2/9 Inhibitor
ZLMT-12 is a potent CDK2/9 inhibitor, demonstrating IC50 values of 0.002 μM and 0.011 μM against CDK9 and CDK2, respectively. This compound is derived from tacrine and exhibits weak inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 19.023 μM) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 2.768 μM). ZLMT-12 is characterized by low toxicity and notable antiproliferative activity, effectively inducing apoptosis and facilitating cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research in cell cycle regulation and therapeutic development in cancer biology. -
COX Inhibitor
Ketorolac hemicalcium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that functions as a nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, exhibiting IC50 values of 20 nM for COX-1 and 120 nM for COX-2. This compound is utilized in research related to allergic conjunctivitis, cystoid macular edema, intraoperative miosis, and postoperative ocular inflammation and pain, as well as for its potential applications in cancer research due to its role as a DDX3 inhibitor. -
COX Inhibitor
Metamizole magnesium is an orally active cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor known for its key roles in reducing inflammation and pain. It exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, along with the ability to inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis. Due to its antipyretic and analgesic properties, Metamizole magnesium is commonly utilized in various research applications aimed at investigating pain mechanisms and inflammatory responses. -
Topo I/COX-2 Inhibitor
Topo I/COX-2-IN-1 is an inhibitor of both Topoisomerase I and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). It demonstrates significant biological activity, with IC50 values of 0.24 μM for COX-2 and 4.42 μM for Topo I. This compound effectively induces apoptosis and inhibits the migration of cancer cells, showcasing potential applications in cancer research and therapy. -
Topo I/COX-2 Inhibitor
Topo I/COX-2-IN-2 is a potent dual-target inhibitor of Topoisomerase I (Topo I) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), exhibiting inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.90 μM and 2.31 μM, respectively. This compound induces apoptosis in cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway, making it a valuable agent for research in cancer therapeutics and cell death mechanisms. Its dual activity supports investigations into the interplay between topoisomerase inhibition and inflammatory pathways in cancer progression. -
ChA Inhibitor
α-NETA is a potent noncompetitive inhibitor of choline acetyltransferase (ChA), exhibiting an IC50 value of 9 μM. Additionally, it displays strong antagonistic activity against aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) with an IC50 of 0.04 µM and also targets chemokine-like receptor-1 (CMKLR1). While it shows some inhibitory effects on cholinesterase (ChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with higher IC50 values, α-NETA is notable for its anti-cancer properties, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology and neuropharmacology. -
COX-1 Inhibitor
Ibuprofen sodium is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), exhibiting an IC50 value of 13 μM. This compound demonstrates significant biological activities, including inhibition of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and induction of apoptosis. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent and nitric oxide (NO) donor, ibuprofen sodium is valuable in research areas such as pain, inflammation, infection, immunology, and oncology. -
γ-secretase Inhibitor
Nirogacestat dihydrobromide is a selective, noncompetitive inhibitor of γ-secretase, with a reported IC50 of 6.2 nM. This compound effectively inhibits Notch signaling, making it a valuable tool for studying Notch receptor-dependent cancers while minimizing gastrointestinal toxicity. It is particularly useful in research focused on the role of γ-secretase in cancer biology and therapeutic development. -
GCS Inhibitor
PDMP hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS). This compound has been shown to induce apoptosis in K562/A02 cells, making it a valuable tool for studying cancer biology, particularly in leukemia research. PDMP hydrochloride's ability to disrupt glycosphingolipid metabolism provides insights into therapeutic strategies targeting GCS in cancer treatment. -
COX-2 Specific Inhibitor
SC-236 is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with an IC50 of 10 nM and also acts as a PPARγ agonist. It effectively suppresses activator protein-1 (AP-1) through the inhibition of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory effects. SC-236 has been shown to reduce ERK phosphorylation in murine models, highlighting its potential for investigating inflammatory pathways and therapeutic interventions. -
COX-2 Inhibitor
Humulone, a prenylated phloroglucinol derivative, is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). It demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory properties and serves as a positive modulator of GABAA receptors at low micromolar concentrations. Additionally, Humulone is known to inhibit bone resorption and exhibits antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, and pro-apoptotic activities, making it valuable for various research applications in inflammation and cancer studies. -
COX-2 Inhibitor
DuP-697 is a potent, irreversible, and selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), exhibiting an IC50 of 10 nM for human COX-2 and 800 nM for COX-1. This compound demonstrates significant antiproliferative effects on HT29 colorectal cancer cells with an IC50 of 42.8 nM, as well as antiangiogenic and pro-apoptotic activities. By inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, DuP-697 offers potential applications in studies related to inflammation, cancer, and fever reduction. -
COX Inhibitor
Metamizole sodium is a potent cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor that exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. This compound not only inhibits cell proliferation but also promotes apoptosis in various cell types. Additionally, Metamizole sodium serves as a spasmolytic agent, making it a valuable tool for research applications aimed at pain relief and the study of inflammatory processes. Its multifunctional activities contribute to its utility in diverse areas of biomedical research. -
Cholinesterase (ChE) Inhibitor
β-NETA is a potent noncompetitive inhibitor of cholinesterase (ChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChA), with IC50 values of 40 μM and 76 μM, respectively. Additionally, it exhibits weak inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC50 value of 1 mM. This compound is relevant for research in neurobiology and studies focused on cholinergic signaling pathways and associated disorders. -
BChE Inhibitor
Gypsogenin is a selective mixed-type inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with a Ki of 19.99 μM. It demonstrates significant cytotoxicity against multiple human cancer cell lines by inducing cell cycle arrest and initiating apoptosis. Additionally, Gypsogenin exhibits antibacterial properties against species such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis, positioning it as a crucial scaffold for developing novel anticancer agents. This compound is extensively utilized in research focusing on Alzheimer's disease and various cancers, including colon cancer, melanoma, and leukemia. -
COX-2 Inhibitor
COX-2-IN-43 is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.247 μM for COX-2 and 0.983 μM for COX-1. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and colonization while inducing apoptosis. It is valuable for research applications targeting inflammatory diseases and cancer therapeutics. -
COX Inhibitor
Metamizole hemimagnesium is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This compound effectively reduces body temperature and has been shown to decrease levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Metamizole hemimagnesium also inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis. It is utilized in research applications focused on inflammation and fever modulation. -
COX Inhibitor
Ketorolac hydrochloride is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that acts as a nonselective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX), with IC50 values of 20 nM for COX-1 and 120 nM for COX-2. It is utilized in the study of various ophthalmic conditions, including allergic conjunctivitis, cystoid macular edema, intraoperative miosis, and postoperative ocular inflammation and pain. Additionally, Ketorolac hydrochloride functions as a DDX3 inhibitor, making it relevant for cancer research applications. -
COX Inhibitor
Meloxicam sodium is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, primarily targeting COX-2 with an IC50 of 0.49 μM while exhibiting a higher IC50 of 36.6 μM for COX-1. This non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, making it suitable for research applications involving central nervous system inflammation and pain management. Meloxicam sodium is widely utilized in studies assessing the efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapies.

