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γ-secretase inhibitor
MRK 560 is an orally bioavailable gamma-secretase inhibitor with the ability to markedly reduce Abeta peptide in the brain and CSF of the rat and confirm the utility of the rat for assessing the effects of gamma-secretase inhibitors on central nervous system Abeta(40) levels in vivo. -
DPP-4 inhibitor
PK 44 phosphate is a potent inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) with an IC50 value of 15.8 nM. -
MMP inhibitor
Ro 32-3555 is a potent, collagenase-selective MMP inhibitor . -
Human cathepsin L inhibitor
SID 26681509 is a reversible and potent human cathepsin L inhibitor. SID 26681509 displays no inhibitory activity of cathepsin G. -
MMP-13 inhibitor
WAY 170523 has been reported to be a selective and potent inhibitor of MMP-13. -
DPP-4 inhibitor
NVP DPP 728 dihydrochloride is a potent and orally active inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-IV with Ki and IC50 values of 11 nM and 14 nM, respectively. -
Urokinase (uPA) inhibitor
4-Chlorophenylguanidine hydrochloride is a potent and specific inhibitor of uPA (urokinase). -
Urokinase (uPA) inhibitor
BC 11 hydrobromide, belective urokinase (uPA) inhibitor (IC50 = 8.2 μM). Inhibits clot lysis with no effect on clot formation and exhibits no activity at 8 other uPA related enzymes. -
MMP Inhibitor
Batimastat is an anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Batimastat (BB-94) is a potent, broad spectrum matrix metalloprotease (MMP) inhibitor. -
serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor
Fumonisin B1 is a fungal metabolite produced by Fusarium moniliforme, that has been shown to inhibit protein serine/threonine phosphatases (PP1, PP2A, PP2B, PP2C, and PP5/T/K/H), and is most effective with PP5. -
MMP Inhibitor
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 is a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor that acts as a cell antiproliferator. -
20S proteasome inhibitor
Clasto-lactacystin b-lactone was later identified as the active metabolite of lactacystin, resulting from the elimination of cysteine and the formation of a reactive b-lactone. -
DPP-4 inhibitor
Teneligliptin is a novel, potent, and long-lasting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; competitively inhibited human plasma, rat plasma, and human recombinant DPP-4 in vitro, with IC50 values of approximately 1 nM. -
DPP4 Inhibitor
Evogliptin is an orally active inhibitor of DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4), demonstrating notable and sustained hypoglycemic effects in murine models. In addition to its antidiabetic properties, Evogliptin exerts effects by inhibiting the production of inflammatory and fibrotic signals in hepatocytes through the induction of autophagy. This compound is particularly relevant for research applications related to type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, renal impairment, and chronic liver inflammation. -
20S proteasome Inhibitor
BSc2118 is a potent inhibitor of the 20S proteasome, exhibiting an IC50 of approximately 50 nM. This compound induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in myeloma cells while inhibiting cytoprotective autophagy and tumor angiogenesis. Additionally, BSc2118 reduces matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) activity, promotes angioneurogenesis, and mitigates cerebral toxicity associated with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. Its applications are relevant in the studies of cerebral ischemia and multiple myeloma. -
DPP4 Inhibitor
(Rac)-Sitagliptin is a potent and selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), exhibiting an IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts. This compound plays a significant role in the modulation of glucose metabolism, making it relevant for diabetes research. Its ability to enhance insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels underscores its potential applications in studying metabolic disorders and developing therapeutic strategies for type 2 diabetes. -
Calpain/Cathepsin Inhibitor
ALLM, also known as Calpain inhibitor II, acts as a potent inhibitor of calpain and cathepsin proteases. This compound is known to mitigate neuronal cell death, thereby enhancing chronic neurological function following spinal cord injury (SCI). Its utility in research extends to studies investigating protease activity and the mechanisms underlying neuroprotection in trauma-related conditions. -
Calpain Inhibitor
(Rac)-Neurodegenerative Disorder-Targeting Compound 1 is a calpain inhibitor that selectively modulates calpain activity, implicated in neurodegenerative processes. This compound is designed for research applications focused on neurodegeneration, providing a valuable tool for investigating the role of calpain in cellular function and injury. The inhibition of calpain activity may contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders. -
Tyrosinase Inhibitor
Swertiajaponin is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor that interacts with the enzyme's binding pocket through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, exhibiting an IC50 of 43.47 μM. It effectively inhibits oxidative stress-mediated MAPK/MITF signaling pathways, resulting in a reduction of tyrosinase protein levels. Additionally, Swertiajaponin demonstrates strong anti-oxidative activity and suppresses melanin accumulation, making it a valuable tool for research aimed at understanding pigmentation disorders and oxidative stress. -
Aldose reductase Inhibitor
Danshenol A is a potent aldose reductase inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.1 μM. This abietane-type diterpenoid demonstrates protective effects on endothelial cells against oxidative stress through direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, Danshenol A possesses notable anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties, making it a valuable compound for research focused on atherosclerosis and related pathologies. -
DPP-4 Inhibitor
PB01 is a selective DPP-4 inhibitor with an IC50 of 15.66 nM. It effectively reduces high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial superoxide generation while significantly decreasing cellular DPP-4 expression. In vivo studies demonstrate that PB01 can lower blood glucose levels in diabetic mice, indicating its potential therapeutic application. Furthermore, PB01 exhibits minimal cytotoxicity at a concentration of 100 μM, making it a promising candidate for diabetes-related research. -
Tyrosinase Inhibitor
Tyrosinase-IN-12 is a potent non-competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase, demonstrating an IC50 value of 49.33 ± 2.64 µM and a Ki value of 31.25 ± 0.25 µM. This compound exhibits strong radical scavenging activity, effectively reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with an IC50 of 25.39 ± 0.77 µM. Tyrosinase-IN-12 is applicable in research focusing on the mitigation of browning in food products and agricultural applications. -
DPP-IV Inhibitor
DPP-4-IN-3 is a potent inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.75 nM. This compound demonstrates significant antioxidant properties alongside insulinotropic activity, making it a valuable tool for diabetes research and the study of metabolic disorders. Its ability to modulate the DPP-IV pathway underscores its potential in therapeutic applications aimed at enhancing glucose homeostasis. -
DHODH Inhibitor
JNJ-74856665 is a potent inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.396 nM for human DHODH. This compound disrupts pyrimidine synthesis, making it a valuable tool for studying the role of DHODH in various biological processes, including cell proliferation and immune response modulation. JNJ-74856665 has potential applications in research related to autoimmune diseases and cancer therapeutic strategies. -
DHODH Inhibitor
Lapachol is a potent inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), demonstrating significant immunosuppressive effects on lymphocytes by disrupting pyrimidine synthesis. This natural naphthoquinone exhibits antitumor properties, inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis in neoplastic cells. Additionally, Lapachol has shown efficacy against Leishmania, suggesting its potential in parasitological research and therapeutic applications. -
DHODH Inhibitor
AG-636 is a selective and reversible inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), exhibiting an IC50 value of 17 nM. This compound demonstrates significant anticancer activity, making it a valuable tool in cancer research and pharmacological studies targeting the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway. Its oral bioavailability further enhances its utility in preclinical and clinical studies. -
Immunomodulator/DHODH Inhibitor
Laflunimus is an immunomodulator that primarily functions as an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). This compound effectively suppresses the secretion of immunoglobulins, demonstrating IC50 values of 2.5 µM for IgM and 2 µM for IgG. Additionally, Laflunimus serves as an inhibitor of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases (PGHS-1 and PGHS-2), making it valuable for research applications focused on immunosuppression and inflammatory pathways. -
Potent DHODH Inhibitor
DHODH-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (DHODH), exhibiting an IC50 of 25 nM. By targeting the DHODH enzyme, this compound effectively disrupts the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, making it a valuable tool for researchers investigating cellular proliferation and metabolic regulation. Its application spans the study of autoimmune diseases, cancer research, and other conditions where modulation of pyrimidine synthesis is critical. -
DHODH Inhibitor
hDHODH-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.91 μM. This compound has been demonstrated to induce differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia cells, highlighting its potential utility in cancer research. hDHODH-IN-5 serves as a valuable tool for investigating the role of DHODH in cellular differentiation and proliferation pathways. -
DHODH Inhibitor
DHODH-IN-14 is a selective inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.49 μM against rat liver DHODH. This hydroxyfurazan analog of A771726 demonstrates significant potential in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Its inhibitory capacity on DHODH suggests applications in modulating pyrimidine synthesis, providing a valuable tool for research in autoimmune disorders and related therapeutic development. -
DHODH Inhibitor
hDHODH-IN-4 is a selective inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), exhibiting a pIC50 of 7.8 against human recombinant DHODH. This compound effectively inhibits measles virus replication, demonstrated by a pMIC50 of 8.8. As a DHODH inhibitor, hDHODH-IN-4 is valuable for research into viral infections and the modulation of pyrimidine metabolism. -
HsDHODH Inhibitor
hDHODH-IN-3 is a potent inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (HsDHODH), which plays a critical role in the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway. This compound has demonstrated significant antiviral activity, particularly inhibiting measles virus replication with a pMIC50 value of 8.6. hDHODH-IN-3 is particularly valuable for research in virology and metabolic diseases. -
hDHODH Inhibitor
hDHODH-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), an enzyme essential for de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity, making it a valuable tool for research in autoimmune diseases and inflammatory conditions. Its mechanism of action allows for exploration in therapeutic applications aimed at modulating immune responses and cellular proliferation. -
PfDHODH Inhibitor
PfDHODH-IN-1 is an inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH). This compound exhibits significant antimalarial activity by disrupting the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway in the malaria parasite. PfDHODH-IN-1 serves as a valuable tool for research focused on malaria treatment and the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies against Plasmodium falciparum infections. -
Rat DHODH Inhibitor
DHODH-IN-11 is a Leflunomide derivative that functions primarily as a dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor. This compound demonstrates weak inhibitory activity against DHODH, an essential enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway. It is particularly relevant for research in cellular metabolism and immunology, providing insights into therapeutic strategies for autoimmune disorders and certain cancers. -
Caspase-3/Caspase-7 Inhibitor
Ac-ESMD-CHO is an inhibitor of caspase-3 and caspase-7, targeting the proteolytic cleavage of the caspase-3 precursor peptide (CPP32) at the Glu-Ser-Met-Asp (ESMD) site. This compound is crucial for studying apoptosis and cellular signaling mechanisms by selectively modulating caspase activity. Its application extends to research areas involving cell death regulation and disease models where caspase-mediated pathways play a pivotal role. -
Tyrosinase Inhibitor
Dalbergioidin is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor that demonstrates significant activity through its ability to modulate enzymatic processes related to melanin biosynthesis. This compound has been shown to ameliorate renal fibrosis induced by doxorubicin by suppressing the TGF-β signaling pathway. Dalbergioidin's potential applications include studies focused on skin disorders and the regulation of pigmentation. -
Tyrosinase Inhibitor
AP736 is a potent inhibitor of tyrosinase, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.9 μM, and demonstrates significant anti-melanogenesis activity in normal human melanocytes with an IC50 of 0.11 μM. By inhibiting the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway, AP736 effectively reduces the expression of tyrosinase and TRP-1/2, leading to a decrease in microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) transcripts and proteins. This compound is suitable for investigations into melanogenesis and the underlying mechanisms of hyperpigmentation. -
γ-Secretase Inhibitor
EVP-0015962 is a potent γ-secretase inhibitor that effectively penetrates the blood-brain barrier, exhibiting an IC50 value of 3.9 μM. By modulating the γ-secretase-mediated cleavage of amyloid precursor protein, EVP-0015962 decreases the production of Aβ42 while increasing Aβ38 levels. This compound has demonstrated efficacy in reducing amyloid aggregates, mitigating amyloid plaque formation, and lowering inflammatory markers in mouse models, thereby enhancing cognitive function. EVP-0015962 serves as a valuable tool in Alzheimer's disease research. -
γ-secretase Inhibitor
JNJ-40418677 is a potent orally active inhibitor of γ-secretase, capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. It effectively inhibits the production of Aβ42 and the activity of NS2B-NS3 protease, with IC50 values of 200 nM and 3.9 μM, respectively. This compound exhibits favorable biological tolerance and is suitable for research applications related to Alzheimer's disease. -
γ-secretase Inhibitor
Sulindac sulfide is a noncompetitive inhibitor of γ-secretase, exhibiting an IC50 of 20.2 μM for γ42-secretase activity. This compound plays a crucial role in research involving Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions by modulating the processing of amyloid precursor protein. Its ability to inhibit γ-secretase makes it a valuable tool for studies focused on reducing amyloid-beta peptide formation and investigating related signaling pathways.

