Immunology & Inflammation

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  1. Anti-inflammatory Lipid Mediators

    5,6-DiHETE is an anti-inflammatory lipid mediator that is synthesized from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). It plays a crucial role in mitigating vascular hyperpermeability during inflammatory responses, making it a valuable tool in the study of various inflammatory diseases. Researchers utilize 5,6-DiHETE to explore its therapeutic potential and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of inflammation.
  2. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Tiaramide is an anti-inflammatory agent that exerts its effects by inhibiting the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This compound also prevents the increase in intracellular free calcium levels induced by PGE2 and bradykinin, thereby mitigating bradykinin-induced contraction. Tiaramide is valuable for research applications focused on inflammatory pathways and calcium signaling in cellular models.
  3. ERAP1 Inhibitor

    ERAP1 modulator-2 is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme ERAP1, exhibiting an IC50 value of less than 100 nM. This compound effectively modulates the activity of ERAP1, influencing peptide trimming and presentation in the context of antigen processing. It is valuable for research applications focused on immune regulation, inflammation, and the modulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-mediated responses.
  4. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    4-MDM (4-Methoxydiphenylmethane) is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent that selectively enhances the activity of the enzyme leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) by promoting its aminopeptidase function. This modulation reduces neutrophil recruitment in the lungs through the improved degradation of proline-glycine-proline, leading to a decrease in inflammation. Importantly, 4-MDM does not influence the epoxy-hydrolase activity of LTA4H. This compound is suitable for studies focusing on lung diseases and related inflammatory conditions.
  5. Anti-inflammatory Agent, Aminopeptidase Inhibitor

    2-(2'-Pyridyl)benzimidazole is an effective anti-inflammatory agent and a potent inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase in Escherichia coli. This compound exhibits tridentate ligand properties, capable of forming stable complexes with various transition metal ions. Its applications extend to biochemical research focused on inflammatory processes and amino acid metabolism, making it a valuable reagent for studies in these areas.
  6. Keap1/Nrf2 Inhibitor

    PRL-295 is an orally active inhibitor targeting the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2. By enhancing the thermal stability of Keap1, PRL-295 disrupts its binding to Nrf2, leading to the activation of Nrf2-dependent genes such as NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). This compound has demonstrated protective effects against Acetaminophen-induced liver injury in murine models, making it a valuable tool for research into oxidative stress and related pathologies.
  7. Nrf2/AMPK/mTOR Activator

    Hydroxycitric acid is an orally active compound that serves as a multifunctional activator of Nrf2, AMPK, and mTOR pathways. It enhances the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, and increases glutathione levels, thereby mitigating oxidative stress and ferroptosis, particularly in renal tubular epithelial cells. Additionally, hydroxycitric acid induces cell cycle arrest in cancer cells and promotes DNA fragmentation through modulation of the AMPK and mTORC1/S6K signaling pathways. This compound is valuable for research in oxidative stress, cancer biology, and metabolic regulation.
  8. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    LQFM020 is an orally active pyrazole derivative that functions as an anti-inflammatory agent. It effectively inhibits calcium channels while activating potassium and nitric oxide/cGMP pathways, leading to reduced vasoconstriction. LQFM020 exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, making it a valuable reagent for research focused on inflammation and pain mechanisms.
  9. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Trepibutone is an anti-inflammatory agent that enhances the secretion of bile and pancreatic juice while promoting smooth muscle flaccidity in the gastrointestinal tract. This compound serves as a valuable tool in the study of cholecystitis and various functional gastrointestinal disorders, providing insights into digestive health and inflammation-related conditions.
  10. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Resolvin E2, a proresolving lipid mediator, functions primarily as an anti-inflammatory agent. It plays a crucial role in resolving inflammation and promoting tissue repair through its influence on immune cell activities. This compound is utilized in research applications focused on inflammation resolution, chronic inflammatory diseases, and the modulation of immune responses.
  11. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    LY269415 is a potent anti-inflammatory agent that acts as an inhibitor of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and 5-lipoxygenase enzyme activity. This compound exhibits significant antioxidant properties, making it valuable for research focused on inflammatory pathways and related diseases. Its oral bioavailability allows for versatile applications in preclinical studies aimed at understanding inflammation-related mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.
  12. LXR Agonist

    DMHCA is a potent and selective liver X receptor (LXR) agonist that specifically activates the cholesterol efflux pathway while avoiding the stimulation of triglyceride synthesis. This compound exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, making it a valuable tool for research in cholesterol homeostasis and diabetes. DMHCA's selective mechanism provides insight into the role of LXR modulation in metabolic disorders.
  13. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    Safimaltib is a potent and selective allosteric inhibitor of MALT1 protease. It exhibits significant biological activity by hindering MALT1's function, which may contribute to tumor stasis in various cancer models. This compound is valuable for research applications exploring the role of MALT1 in oncogenesis and potential therapeutic interventions in malignancies driven by aberrant MALT1 activity.
  14. MALT1 Inhibitor

    MLT-985 is a selective allosteric inhibitor of MALT1, demonstrating an IC50 value of 3 nM. This compound effectively suppresses cell proliferation and intervenes in aberrant signaling associated with the CARD11/BCL10/MALT1 complex. MLT-985 is applicable in research focused on cancer, particularly in the study of B cell malignancies.
  15. MALT1 PROTAC Degrader

    PROTAC MALT1 Degrader-1 is a selective degrader targeting MALT1 through the use of the PROTAC (proteolysis targeting chimera) technology. This compound facilitates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MALT1, making it a valuable tool for studies focused on lymphoma and related malignancies. Its mechanism of action enables the investigation of MALT1's role in cellular processes and therapeutic strategies for lymphoma treatment.
  16. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    MLT-943 is a selective and orally active inhibitor of MALT1 protease. It effectively inhibits stimulated IL-2 secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and whole blood, demonstrating consistent IC50 values across species (0.07-0.09 μM in PBMC and 0.6-0.8 μM in whole blood). With its notable anti-inflammatory properties, MLT-943 is a valuable reagent for investigating FcγR-mediated inflammatory processes.
  17. MALT1 Inhibitor

    Z-VRPR-FMK is an irreversible inhibitor of the MALT1 protein. It effectively inhibits the growth and invasion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by blocking MALT1-induced NF-κB activation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. This makes Z-VRPR-FMK a valuable tool for research investigating the role of MALT1 in oncogenesis and therapeutic strategies targeting NF-κB pathways.
  18. MALT1 Inhibitor

    MLT-231 is a potent allosteric inhibitor of MALT1, demonstrating high selectivity with an IC50 of 9 nM. This compound effectively prevents the cleavage of endogenous BCL10, with an IC50 of 160 nM. MLT-231 shows promising antitumor activity in mouse models of activated B-cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL), making it a valuable tool for research into therapeutic strategies targeting MALT1-related pathways.
  19. MALT1 Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-11 is a potent MALT1 protease inhibitor with an IC50 of less than 10 nM. This compound effectively inhibits interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion, with an IC50 range of 10-100 nM. MALT1-IN-11 is utilized in research focused on cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory disorders, providing valuable insights into the role of MALT1 in these pathological conditions.
  20. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-9 is a selective MALT1 protease inhibitor, demonstrating an IC50 of less than 500 nM in Raji MALT1-GloSensor cells. This compound exhibits significant anticancer activity, making it a valuable tool for research focused on targeting MALT1 in various oncological studies. Its efficacy supports investigations into the role of MALT1 in cancer progression and therapeutic development.
  21. MALT1 Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of the MALT1 protease, targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway. This compound has demonstrated significant biological activity in disrupting MALT1-dependent signaling processes. MALT1-IN-5 is primarily utilized in cancer research to investigate the role of MALT1 in tumorigenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target.
  22. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    (R)-MALT1-IN-7 is a selective MALT1 protease inhibitor, designed for investigating the role of MALT1 in various biological processes. It exhibits potent inhibitory activity, making it valuable for cancer research, particularly in studies exploring the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic interventions. This compound serves as a useful tool in elucidating the function of MALT1 in both normal and pathological cellular contexts.
  23. MALT1 Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-3 is a selective MALT1 protease inhibitor with a potent IC50 of 0.06 μM. This compound demonstrates inhibitive effects on human IL-6 and IL-10 production in OCI-LY3 cells, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.14 μM and 0.13 μM, respectively. MALT1-IN-3 is valuable for research into gene expression regulation, immune response modulation, and potential therapeutic strategies in various malignancies.
  24. MALT1 Inhibitor

    (R)-MLT-985 is a selective allosteric inhibitor of MALT1, exhibiting an IC50 value of 3 nM. This compound effectively suppresses cell proliferation and disrupts aberrant signaling initiated by the CARD11/BCL10/MALT1 complex. (R)-MLT-985 is primarily utilized in research related to cancer, particularly in the study of B cell malignancies.
  25. MALT1 Inhibitor

    NVS-MALT1 is an allosteric inhibitor of the MALT1 protein, disrupting its activity and providing a valuable tool for studying MALT1-mediated signaling pathways. This compound demonstrates the ability to modulate NF-κB activation and enhance apoptosis in cancer cells, making it relevant for research in oncology and immune response. It is particularly useful in investigations focusing on B-cell lymphoma and other MALT1-associated diseases.
  26. MALT1 Inhibitor

    Ocipumaltib is a potent inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue protein 1 (MALT1), which plays a crucial role in various signaling pathways. This compound exhibits significant antitumor activity, making it a valuable tool for cancer research. Additionally, Ocipumaltib is applicable in the study of infection, neurological disorders, and hematological diseases, providing insights into MALT1's involvement in these conditions.
  27. MALT1 Inhibitor

    (S)-MALT1-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor targeting the MALT1 protease. This compound effectively inhibits MALT1 activity, which may provide therapeutic insights for conditions associated with aberrant T cell receptor and B cell receptor signaling, as well as cancers and inflammatory diseases linked to MALT1 dysregulation. (S)-MALT1-IN-5 is a valuable tool for researching MALT1-related disease mechanisms and developing potential interventions.
  28. MALT1 Inhibitor

    Z-Val-Arg-Pro-DL-Arg-Fluoromethylketone is a potent inhibitor of MALT1, a key protein involved in various signaling pathways. This compound effectively inhibits cell proliferation and migration, demonstrating significant anticancer activity. It is valuable for research applications focused on cancer biology and therapeutic strategies targeting MALT1-related pathways.
  29. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-8 is a potent inhibitor of MALT1 protease, demonstrating an IC50 of 2 nM. This compound effectively inhibits the proliferation of OCI-LY3 lymphoma cells, with an IC50 value of 1.16 μM. MALT1-IN-8 shows potential for anticancer applications, making it a valuable tool for research in lymphoma and other malignancies involving MALT1.
  30. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    (R)-MALT1-IN-3 is a selective MALT1 protease inhibitor, exhibiting a potent IC50 of 20 nM. Additionally, this compound demonstrates significant inhibition of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 with IC50 values of 60 nM and 40 nM, respectively, in OCI-LY3 cells. It serves as a valuable tool for exploring the role of MALT1 in various biological processes, particularly in the context of inflammatory pathways and cancer research.
  31. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-6 is a selective inhibitor of MALT1 protease, exhibiting a Ki value of 9 nM. This compound demonstrates significant anticancer activity, making it a valuable tool for research focused on cancer therapeutics and the study of signaling pathways modulated by MALT1. Its potency and specificity may facilitate investigations into the roles of MALT1 in various malignancies.
  32. MALT1 Inhibitor

    RGT-068A is a selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of MALT1 (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1). This compound demonstrates potent inhibitory activity against MALT1, which is essential for NF-κB signaling in various hematological malignancies and inflammatory diseases. RGT-068A serves as a valuable tool for research into therapeutic strategies targeting MALT1 in cancer and autoimmune disorders.
  33. MALT1 Protease Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-7 is a potent inhibitor of the MALT1 protease, which plays a crucial role in various oncogenic signaling pathways. Its ability to selectively inhibit MALT1 makes it a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms underlying cancer development and progression. This compound is particularly relevant for research applications focused on tumor biology and therapeutic strategies targeting MALT1-dependent pathways.
  34. MALT1 Inhibitor

    MALT1-IN-14 is a potent MALT1 inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.081 μM. This compound demonstrates significant inhibition of MALT1's protease activity, making it valuable for studies investigating the role of MALT1 in inflammatory responses and lymphocyte activation. Its application extends to research in various diseases, including hematological malignancies and autoimmune disorders.
  35. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Clidanac is a potent anti-inflammatory agent that acts by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. This mechanism contributes to its role in modulating inflammatory responses. Clidanac is primarily applied in research focused on conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, making it a valuable tool for studying inflammation pathways and potential therapeutic interventions.
  36. Anti-Inflammatory Peptide

    Collagen Type II Fragment is an anti-inflammatory peptide that effectively inhibits collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in murine models. This fragment serves as a valuable tool for studying inflammation and immune responses, facilitating research aimed at understanding and developing therapies for autoimmune conditions.
  37. HIF Inhibitor

    Arylsulfonamide 64B is a potent inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). This compound effectively suppresses hypoxia/HIF-mediated expression of key oncogenes such as c-Met and CXCR4, thereby demonstrating significant anti-tumor activity. Arylsulfonamide 64B is particularly relevant for research focused on uveal melanoma, as it has been shown to reduce primary tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models.
  38. P2Y12 Receptor Activator

    ADP-β-S trilithium is the trilithium salt form of ADP-β-S, serving as a potent activator of the P2Y12 receptor. It facilitates the upregulation of IL-1β and IL-6 production in microglial cells, promotes NF-κB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and enhances NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This reagent is valuable for research into inflammatory responses and signaling pathways involving P2Y12 receptor activation.
  39. ACOX1 Inhibitor

    10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid is a selective and potent inhibitor of acyl-CoA oxidase-1 (ACOX1). It demonstrates significant potential in addressing metabolic disorders induced by high-fat diets or obesity by enhancing mitochondrial lipid metabolism and modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Additionally, this compound serves as a versatile click chemistry reagent, featuring an alkyne group that facilitates copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with azide-containing molecules, making it valuable for various biochemical applications.
  40. P2X4 Inhibitor

    NP-1815-PX sodium is a selective inhibitor targeting the P2X4 receptor, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.26 μM against human P2X4 receptors. This compound effectively inhibits ATP-mediated prostaglandin production and attenuates TP receptor-induced calcium elevation, as well as NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Notably, NP-1815-PX sodium demonstrates anti-allodynic effects in vivo and alleviates DNBS-induced colitis symptoms, including weight loss and tissue damage, through the downregulation of IL-1β levels and Caspase-1 activity. This reagent is applicable in research areas such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease.
  41. TASK-3 Agonist/TWIK2 Blocker

    NPBA is a potassium K2P channel TASK-3 (KCNK9) agonist and TWIK2 (KCNK1) channel blocker. This compound plays a crucial role in inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages, making it valuable for research into inflammatory pathways and potassium channel function. Its unique mechanism provides insights into potential therapeutic applications in inflammatory diseases.
  42. GPR55 Agonist

    O-1602 is a potent agonist of GPR55, a G protein-coupled receptor involved in various neuroinflammatory processes. It has been shown to reduce both the number and activation of hippocampal microglia triggered by methamphetamine exposure. Additionally, O-1602 decreases the expression of key proteins associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome, including NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1, making it a valuable tool for studies related to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disease research.
  43. NO Donor Agent

    RIG 200 is an S-nitrosothiol nitric oxide (NO) donor that releases NO through decomposition, activating guanylate cyclase (sGCM) in vascular smooth muscle cells. This process increases cGMP levels, resulting in vasodilation. Additionally, RIG 200 significantly inhibits collagen-induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), making it a valuable tool for research focused on thrombus prevention and cardiovascular studies.
  44. NO Donor

    SE 175 is an organic nitrate compound that functions as a nitric oxide (NO) donor through the reductive conversion of its nitrate group. Its primary mechanism involves the stimulation of endothelial soluble guanylate cyclase, resulting in pronounced aortic vasorelaxation, with an EC50 value of 0.20 µM. This compound is valuable for research investigating vascular biology and cardiovascular function, particularly in studies related to NO-mediated signaling pathways.
  45. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    11-Keto-beta-boswellic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenic acid derived from the oleogum resin of the Boswellia serrata tree, commonly known as Indian Frankincense. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), which subsequently reduces leukotriene synthesis and attenuates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, along with the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Due to its mechanism of action, 11-Keto-beta-boswellic acid is of interest in studies focused on inflammation-related conditions.
  46. FLAP Inhibitor

    Fiboflapon sodium is a potent inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) with a binding affinity of 2.9 nM. It has an IC50 value of 76 nM for the inhibition of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in human blood. This compound is valuable in research applications focused on inflammation and related diseases by modulating leukotriene synthesis. Its oral bioavailability makes it suitable for in vivo studies investigating FLAP-related pathways.
  47. Selective FLAP Inhibitor

    Veliflapon is a selective 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) inhibitor. This compound effectively inhibits the synthesis of leukotrienes B4 and C4, thereby modulating inflammatory responses. Its primary application lies in research focused on asthma, allergies, and other inflammatory conditions, making it a valuable tool for studying leukotriene-mediated pathways.
  48. PA2/5-LOX/COX Inhibitor

    LY256548 is a potent inhibitor of phospholipase A2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and cyclooxygenase (COX), demonstrating significant anti-ischemic and anti-inflammatory properties. This compound effectively reduces leukotriene B4 production in response to A23187 stimulation. In preclinical models, LY256548 has shown efficacy in mitigating bone damage and paw swelling in rat models of Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis (FCA), making it a valuable tool for research into inflammatory diseases and analgesic mechanisms.
  49. Leukotriene Receptor/FLAP Inhibitor

    (S)-Veliflapon is a potent inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis targeting the 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP). It effectively inhibits the formation of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in rat, mouse, and human leukocytes with IC50 values of 0.026 µM, 0.039 µM, and 0.22 µM, respectively. Additionally, (S)-Veliflapon demonstrates enantioselectivity in human whole blood, making it a valuable reagent for research in inflammation and related biological processes.
  50. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Mulberrofuran H is a 2-arylbenzofuran derived from the mulberry tree (Morus lhou (ser.) Koidz.), exhibiting significant anti-inflammatory properties. It effectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of L-tyrosine with an IC50 of 4.45 µM and L-DOPA with an IC50 of 19.70 µM. This compound is of interest in research applications focused on inflammation and oxidative stress, where it demonstrates potent antioxidative activity.

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