Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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PPARγ Activator/Mitochondrial Dysfunction Inducer
(S)-Coriolic acid is a potent PPARγ activator formed through the metabolism of linoleic acid by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX). This compound serves as a crucial intracellular signaling agent, influencing cell proliferation and differentiation across diverse biological systems. Additionally, (S)-Coriolic acid is known to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and contribute to airway epithelial injury, making it relevant for studies investigating cellular stress responses and respiratory health. -
PPARγ Inhibitor
PPARγ-IN-2 is a selective PPARγ inhibitor that effectively reduces triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, with an EC50 of 0.106 μM. This compound demonstrates potential for mitigating obesity and associated metabolic syndrome, particularly in the context of a high-cholesterol diet. Its ability to diminish lipid accumulation in adipose tissue makes it a valuable tool for research focused on metabolic disorders and adipocyte biology. -
PPARγ Activator
SDPC (DHA-PC) is a PPARγ activator that demonstrates significant anti-angiogenic properties. This phospholipid, featuring an ester bond with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at the sn-2 position, effectively inhibits the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. SDPC holds potential for applications in anti-tumor angiogenesis research, making it a valuable tool for studying tumor progression and vascular growth inhibition. -
PPARγ Agonist
AMG131 is a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) modulator, functioning as a potent non-thiazolidinedione (TZD) agonist. It binds to PPARγ in the same pocket as TZDs, yet interacts with the receptor at unique contact points, potentially leading to differential biological effects. This compound has significant potential for research applications related to type-2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic disorders. -
PPAR-δ Modulator
Bocidelpar is a selective PPAR-δ modulator that activates the PPAR-δ downstream signaling pathway, leading to the upregulation of target genes such as ABCA1 and ACAA2. This compound promotes fatty acid oxidation and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, ultimately improving mitochondrial dysfunction. Bocidelpar is particularly useful in researching diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, including primary mitochondrial myopathy (PMM) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). -
PPARγ Antagonist
Mifobate is a potent antagonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), selectively inhibiting thiazolidinedione (TZD)-induced transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 140 μM. This compound does not affect the basal or ligand-stimulated transcriptional activity of PPARα, PPARβ, or the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Mifobate demonstrates significant antiobesity and antidiabetic effects, making it valuable for research applications aimed at exploring metabolic disorders and therapeutic interventions for related conditions. -
PPARγ Agonist
Leriglitazone hydrochloride is a potent agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), with an EC50 of 9 μM. This compound is orally active and capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier, exhibiting neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Leriglitazone hydrochloride is suitable for research focused on neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, providing valuable insights into mitochondrial function regulation. -
PPAR Agonist
Raspberry ketone is a potent PPAR-α agonist known for its role in lipid metabolism regulation. This naturally occurring aromatic compound, primarily derived from red raspberries, exhibits significant biological activity that may contribute to weight management and metabolic health research. Its applications extend to studying the effects on obesity and diabetes through modulation of lipid profiles and glucose homeostasis. -
PPAR Agonist
4-O-Methyl honokiol is a natural neolignan derived from Magnolia officinalis that functions as a selective PPARγ agonist. It exhibits significant inhibition of NF-κB activity, making it a valuable tool for studying mechanisms of inflammation and cancer. Its biological activity is particularly relevant in research focused on metabolic regulation and inflammatory responses. -
PPARγ inhibitor
SR 16832 is a dual-site covalent inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). It functions by targeting both orthosteric and allosteric sites, leading to significant modulation of PPARγ activity. This compound is valuable for research applications related to metabolic disorders, obesity, and diabetes, particularly in studies investigating the downstream effects of PPARγ inhibition on gene expression and cellular metabolism. -
PPAR-γ Agonist
Darglitazone is a thiazolidinedione and a potent, selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). It plays a significant role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Darglitazone is utilized in research focused on type II diabetes and related metabolic disorders, providing insights into its effects on insulin sensitivity and adipogenesis. -
PPARα Agonist
10-Hydroxystearic acid (10-HSA) is a PPARα agonist that promotes collagen synthesis. This compound exhibits significant anti-aging properties by enhancing skin texture, reducing the appearance of pores, and diminishing hyperpigmented lesions. 10-HSA is valuable for research focused on skin health, regenerative medicine, and dermatological studies. -
PPARα Activator
(10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid is a potent PPARα activator that plays a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation. This compound has demonstrated various biological activities, including antioxidant and antitumor effects, alongside the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which may contribute to decreased adipogenesis and insulin resistance. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid also influences milk fat synthesis by reducing the expression of lipogenic enzymes and inhibiting fatty acid desaturation. Additionally, it has been shown to modulate lipoprotein lipase activity in cultured adipocytes and alter hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in vivo. -
PPARG Inhibitor
FTX-6746 is an orally active inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG). It demonstrates significant tumor inhibition in mouse xenograft models, making it a valuable tool for investigating the therapeutic potential of targeting PPARG in cancer research. Its specificity and efficacy in modulating PPARG activity support its use in studies related to metabolic disorders and cancer biology. -
PPARγ Inverse-Agonist
BAY-4931 is a selective inverse agonist of PPARγ, exhibiting potent action with an IC50 of 0.17 nM. This compound effectively modulates PPARγ activity, making it a valuable tool for investigating metabolic disorders and insulin sensitivity. Its unique mechanism of action allows for detailed studies of PPARγ's role in various biological processes and therapeutic applications. -
PPARβ/δ Inverse Agonist
ST247 is a potent inverse agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARβ/δ). It exhibits a high affinity for this target and modulates the expression of the activation marker CCL2 in a manner contrary to typical agonist activity. ST247 effectively promotes the interaction with corepressors and inhibits agonist-induced transcriptional activity of PPARβ/δ. This compound is valuable for research into metabolic disorders and inflammation, offering insights into the regulatory mechanisms mediated by PPARβ/δ. -
PPARγ Agonist
Edaglitazone is a selective and orally bioactive agonist of PPARγ, exhibiting an EC50 of 1053 nM for this target, alongside a lower affinity for PPARα at 35.6 nM. This compound demonstrates significant antidiabetic and anti-hyperglycemic properties, making it a valuable tool in diabetes research. Its ability to modulate metabolic pathways underscores its potential applications in studies related to glucose homeostasis and cardiovascular health. -
PPARα/γ Agonist
Saroglitazar magnesium is a selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors PPARα and PPARγ, exhibiting high potency with EC50 values of 0.65 pM and 3 nM, respectively, in HepG2 cells. This compound plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis, making it a valuable tool for research in metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Its dual activity on PPARα and PPARγ positions it as a significant candidate for exploring therapeutic strategies in metabolic disease models. -
PPARδ Agonist
Mavodelpar is a selective PPARδ agonist that exerts protective effects against glomerular injury and renal fibrosis. This compound is particularly relevant in research focused on primary mitochondrial myopathies (PMM) and long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD). Additionally, Mavodelpar features an alkyne functional group, enabling it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) for click chemistry applications. -
PPARα Agonist
GW 590735 is a potent and selective PPARα agonist, exhibiting an EC50 of 4 nM with over 500-fold selectivity for PPARα compared to PPARδ and PPARγ. This compound is valuable for research focused on dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders, facilitating insights into lipid metabolism and potential therapeutic approaches targeting PPARα. -
PPAR Antagonist
H-Trp-Glu-OH is a selective and reversible antagonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), with a dissociation constant (Kd) of approximately 8 µM. This compound has demonstrated cell permeability and presents potential as a lead compound in diabetes research. Its role in modulating PPARγ activity makes it an important tool for studying metabolic disorders and associated therapeutic pathways. -
PPARα Agonist
GW 9578 is a selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), exhibiting EC50 values of 5 nM for murine PPARα and 50 nM for human PPARα. This compound demonstrates significant lipid-lowering activity, making it a valuable tool for research in metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. GW 9578 may be utilized in studies investigating the role of PPARα activation in lipid metabolism and related therapeutic applications. -
PPARγ Agonist
FK614 is a selective PPARγ modulator (SPPARM) that functions as a PPARγ agonist with significant anti-diabetic properties. This compound exhibits distinct effects on PPARγ activation throughout various stages of adipocyte differentiation. FK614 is utilized in research focused on hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, glucose intolerance, and type 2 diabetes, making it a valuable tool for understanding metabolic disorders. -
PPARα/PPARγ Inhibitor
Netoglitazone is a dual agonist targeting PPARα and PPARγ, exhibiting significant antihyperglycemic activity. This compound is instrumental in metabolic research and provides insights into the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Its application in studies related to diabetes and metabolic syndrome makes it a valuable tool for exploring therapeutic strategies. -
PPAR Activator
2-(Tetradecylthio)acetic acid is a pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (pan-PPAR) activator. This compound is known to induce hypolipidemia by reducing plasma lipid levels and enhancing hepatic fatty acid oxidation in rodent models. Additionally, it increases the expression of genes associated with fatty acid uptake, activation, accumulation, and oxidation, making it a valuable tool for research on lipid metabolism and related disorders. -
PPARγ agonist
Rivoglitazone is a thiazolidinedione derivative that functions as a selective PPARγ agonist. This compound is primarily used in research focused on the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the regulation of glucose metabolism. Its activation of PPARγ has implications for insulin sensitivity and adipocyte function, making it a valuable tool in diabetes research and drug discovery. -
PPARγ Inhibitor
trans-Cinnamyl alcohol is a selective PPARγ inhibitor that plays a significant role in regulating lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. As a metabolite derived from chestnut flowers, it exhibits anti-obesity activity by inhibiting PPARγ expression. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on obesity, metabolic disorders, and the modulation of fat cell differentiation. -
PPARG Inverse-agonist
BAY-5516 is an inverse agonist of PPARG, exhibiting an IC50 value of 6.1 ± 3.6 nM. This compound demonstrates significant anti-tumor activity, making it a valuable tool for research into cancer therapeutics. It is suitable for studies focusing on the modulation of PPARG signaling pathways and their implications in various tumor models. -
PPAR Activator
8(S)-HETE (8(S)-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid) primarily acts as a PPARα activator, with demonstrated biological activity in stimulating mouse keratinocyte protein kinase C at an IC50 of 100 μM. This compound selectively activates PPARα at concentrations as low as 0.3 μM, making it valuable for research into skin biology and inflammatory responses. The stereochemical assignment of the (S) enantiomer is confirmed through chiral HPLC retention time comparisons with established data. -
PPARα Agonist
CP-775146 is a selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) with a binding affinity of Ki 24.5 nM. This compound exhibits significant hypolipidemic activity, effectively reducing lipid accumulation in liver tissues. CP-775146 is particularly useful in research focused on obesity-related liver damage, as it promotes fatty acid β-oxidation and supports metabolic health. -
PPAR Antagonist
Amezalpat is a selective antagonist of PPARα, exhibiting an IC50 value of 58 nM. This compound demonstrates notable antineoplastic activity, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology and therapeutic applications targeting metabolic regulation and lipid homeostasis. Its use in scientific studies may help elucidate the role of PPARα in tumor progression and treatment resistance. -
PPARδ/γ Agonist
PPARδ/γ agonist 1 sodium is a selective dual agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta and gamma. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, promoting the activation of PPAR signaling pathways. It is particularly useful in research exploring metabolic processes and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. -
PPARγ Agonist
MRL-24 is a potent PPARγ agonist that plays a crucial role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. It has been demonstrated to enhance insulin sensitivity and may be utilized in research related to metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. This compound is valuable for studies exploring the therapeutic potential of PPARγ activation in metabolic disorders. -
PPARα Agonist
LY518674 is a potent and selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), exhibiting an EC50 of 42 nM for human PPARα. This compound is effective in reducing triglyceride levels and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). It is primarily applied in research related to lipid metabolism and the treatment of atherosclerosis. -
PPARα Agonist
CP-868388 free base is a selective and potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) with a Ki value of 10.8 nM. This compound demonstrates minimal affinity for PPARβ and PPARγ, indicating its specificity. CP-868388 free base exhibits significant hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a valuable tool for research into metabolic disorders and inflammation pathways. -
PPARα/γ Ligand
LT175 is a dual ligand targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma (PPARα/γ). As an orally active partial agonist, it exhibits effective receptor affinity with EC50 values of 0.22 μM for hPPARα, 0.26 μM for mPPARα, and 0.48 μM for hPPARγ. LT175 modulates coregulator recruitment, specifically cyclic-AMP response element-binding protein-binding protein and nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1), via interaction in the hydrophobic "diphenyl pocket" of PPARγ. This compound demonstrates significant insulin-sensitizing effects while reducing adipogenic activity, making it valuable for research in metabolic disorders. -
PPAR Agonist
AM3102 is a potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha). This endogenous high-affinity compound, an analog of oleoylethanolamide (OEA), is resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis, allowing for sustained activation of PPAR-alpha in vitro. Research demonstrates that AM3102 effectively reduces feeding behavior when administered both parenterally and orally, making it a valuable tool for studies on metabolism and appetite regulation. -
PPAR Agonist
PPAR Agonist 5 is a potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), specifically exhibiting EC50 values of 3.20 µM for PPARα, 1.51 µM for PPARβ/δ, and 1.92 µM for PPARγ. This compound demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory effects, making it valuable for research in metabolic disorders, inflammation, and various cardiovascular diseases. Its ability to modulate PPAR activity positions it as a useful tool in studies aimed at understanding PPAR-related signaling pathways. -
PPARγ Inverse Agonist
SR10221 is a noncovalent inverse agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). This compound exhibits significant biological activity by repressing downstream PPARγ target genes, which contributes to growth inhibition in bladder cancer cell lines. SR10221 is primarily utilized in research applications aimed at understanding PPARγ signaling pathways and developing potential therapeutic strategies for bladder cancer. -
PPAR α/γ agonist
Muraglitazar is a dual agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha (PPARα) and gamma (PPARγ). It demonstrates potent agonistic activity with an EC50 of 320 nM for human PPARα and 110 nM for PPARγ, making it valuable in the study of type 2 diabetes and related dyslipidemia. Muraglitazar's mechanism aids in understanding the metabolic effects and therapeutic potential for managing insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles. -
PPARγ Agonist
BVT.13 is a selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) with high oral bioavailability. This compound demonstrates significant antidiabetic activity, as evidenced by its efficacy in ob/ob mice models. BVT.13 is a valuable tool for researching metabolic disorders and the mechanisms of insulin sensitivity. -
PPARγ Agonist
(±)4-HDHA (4-Hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid) primarily acts as a PPARγ agonist. It demonstrates significant antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful in studies related to metabolic diseases and inflammation. This compound serves as a valuable reagent for researchers exploring the roles of PPARγ activation in various biological processes. -
PPARγ Antagonist
SR 11023 is a potent orally active antagonist of PPARγ, exhibiting an IC50 value of 109 nM. This compound is significant in the study of metabolic disorders, particularly in diabetes research, where PPARγ modulation can impact insulin sensitivity and adipocyte differentiation. Researchers can utilize SR 11023 to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting PPARγ in various metabolic pathways. -
PPAR-γ Activator
SP4f is a potent PPAR-γ activator, exhibiting an EC50 of 826 nM in HK-2 cells. This compound has been shown to lower blood glucose levels and decrease lipid peroxidation, while also enhancing glutathione levels and catalase activity in Swiss albino mice. SP4f is valuable for research focused on metabolic regulation, diabetes, and oxidative stress. -
PPARγ Inverse Agonist
BAY-0069 is a selective inverse agonist of PPARγ, exhibiting potent inhibition with IC50 values of 6.3 nM for human PPARγ and 24 nM for mouse PPARγ. This compound serves as a valuable tool for investigating the roles of PPARγ in cancer research, providing insights into its regulatory mechanisms in tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic strategies. Its high selectivity enhances its utility in experimental settings. -
PPARγ Partial Agonist
GQ-16 is an orally active partial agonist of PPARγ, exhibiting an IC50 of 1.84 μM and a Ki of 160 nM against human PPARγ. This compound effectively inhibits Cdk5-mediated Ser-273 phosphorylation, enhancing insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in obese and diabetic mouse models. Additionally, GQ-16 demonstrates cytotoxic effects against various tumor cell lines, making it a valuable reagent for research on obesity, diabetes, and cancer. -
PPARα/γ agonist
Ragaglitazar is a dual agonist of PPARα and PPARγ, exhibiting strong lipid-lowering and insulin-sensitizing properties. This compound has been shown to enhance glycemic control and improve lipid profiles in animal models of type 2 diabetes, making it a valuable tool for research in metabolic disorders and potential therapeutic applications in diabetes management. -
PPARy Agonist
PPARγ agonist 14 is a potent PPARγ agonist with an EC50 of 2.4 μM, demonstrating significant anti-diabetic activity. This compound enhances intracellular glucose uptake, promotes insulin secretion, and effectively lowers blood glucose levels. Additionally, PPARγ agonist 14 is known to improve mitochondrial function, mitigate oxidative stress, and inhibit inflammatory factors, making it valuable for research into neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, as well as other metabolic disorders. -
PPARα/PPARδ Agonist
PPARα/δ Agonist 1 is a potent dual agonist targeting PPARα and PPARδ, exhibiting an EC50 of 7.0 nM for PPARα and 8.4 nM for PPARδ, while demonstrating high selectivity over PPARγ with an EC50 of 1316.1 nM. This compound is valuable for research focused on metabolic disorders, particularly non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, as it may enhance lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory responses. -
PPARγ Agonist
PPARγ Agonist 5 is a potent and selective agonist targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). This compound exhibits key biological activity in modulating glucose and lipid metabolism, making it a valuable tool for investigating metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Additionally, its role in cancer research highlights its potential for understanding the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
