TGF-β/Smad

Items 351-400 of 510

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  1. Peptide

    [Glu27]-PKC (19-36) is a peptide that serves as an inactive control for protein kinase C (PKC) (19-36). As a pseudosubstrate peptide inhibitor, it is designed to maintain PKC in an inactive state without the presence of allosteric activators, such as phospholipids. This reagent is applicable in studies examining the regulation of PKC activity and its role in various cellular signaling pathways. Researchers can utilize [Glu27]-PKC (19-36) to assess the impact of active and inactive states of PKC in experimental setups.
  2. Munc13-1/PKC ε/α Activator

    AJH-836 is an activator of Munc13-1 and protein kinase C (PKC) ε/α, exhibiting a Kd of 4.5 nM for PKCα. This compound facilitates the translocation of Munc13-1 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane, thereby enhancing synaptic function. AJH-836 is valuable for research related to neurodegenerative diseases, providing insights into synaptic transmission and neuronal communication.
  3. iNOS/ PKC-θ Dual Inhibitor

    Anemonin is a dual inhibitor targeting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ). This compound significantly reduces the translation and enhances the protein stability of PKC-θ, demonstrating potent anti-inflammatory effects. Anemonin has been shown to alleviate symptoms of dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute ulcerative colitis in murine models, making it a valuable tool for researching inflammation-related diseases.
  4. PKC activator

    (±)-1,2-Diolein is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), a crucial regulator of various cellular processes. This compound enhances calcium influx in myotubes, facilitating studies on muscle physiology and signaling pathways. Its application in research supports investigations into PKC-related mechanisms and their implications in muscle function and disease.
  5. Peptide

    Protein Kinase C β Peptide is a peptide fragment derived from Protein Kinase Cβ, which plays a critical role in regulating vascular function. It has been shown that hyperglycemia negatively impacts endothelium-derived nitric oxide production, leading to impaired vasodilation. The inhibition of Protein Kinase Cβ can counteract the reduction in endothelium-dependent vasodilation that occurs during acute hyperglycemia, making this peptide a valuable tool for research into vascular complications associated with diabetes and metabolic disorders.
  6. PKC Inhibitor

    (S)-Ro 32-0432 free base is a selective and potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (PKC), with IC50 values of 9.3 nM for PKCα, 28 nM for PKCβI, 30 nM for PKCβII, 36.5 nM for PKCγ, and 108.3 nM for PKCε. Additionally, it acts as a selective inhibitor of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5). (S)-Ro 32-0432 free base effectively inhibits T-cell activation, making it a valuable tool for research into chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
  7. PKC Activator

    1,2-Didecanoylglycerol is a synthetic diacylglycerol that functions as a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). It is metabolized by platelets to form 1,2-didecanoylphosphatidic acid (PA10), which plays a crucial role in cellular signaling pathways. This reagent is widely used in research applications involving cell proliferation, differentiation, and various signaling cascades associated with PKC activation.
  8. PKC Activator

    ɛPKC(85–92), Myristoylated is a cell-permeable peptide that activates Protein Kinase C (PKC) through myristoylation. This compound enhances nitric oxide (NO) release in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), making it a valuable tool for investigating endothelial cell function and signaling pathways. Research applications include studies on vascular biology and the modulation of PKC activity in various physiological and pathological processes.
  9. PKC Activator

    Gnidimacrin is a protein kinase C (PKC) activator that demonstrates notable anti-proliferative effects on various cancer cell lines. It effectively inhibits growth in human leukemias, stomach cancers, and non-small cell lung cancers in vitro, while also exhibiting antitumor activity against murine leukemias and solid tumors in vivo. This compound can be utilized in research focused on leukemia and solid tumor biology, contributing to the understanding of PKC signaling pathways in cancer therapy.
  10. PKCη Pseudosubstrate Inhibitor

    PKCη pseudosubstrate inhibitor, myristoylated is a cell-permeable compound designed to inhibit protein kinase C eta (PKCη) activity by mimicking its substrate. This inhibitor allows for the exploration of PKCη’s role in various signaling pathways, facilitating studies on its biological functions in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Researchers can utilize this tool to investigate the therapeutic potential of modulating PKCη activity in various diseases.
  11. Bioactive Peptide

    KRPpSQRHGSKY-NH2 is a bioactive peptide that serves as a phosphorylated substrate for protein kinase C (PKC). This compound is utilized in research applications to study signaling pathways and phosphorylation events mediated by PKC. Its role in cellular processes makes it valuable for investigating various biological functions and potential therapeutic targets.
  12. Anti-cancer Aent

    CP-46665 dihydrochloride is an anticancer agent that primarily targets cellular proliferation. It inhibits the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into leukemia cells and various human solid tumor cells in vitro. This compound leads to the loss of surface characteristics in tumor cells and disrupts cell membranes, thereby effectively inhibiting cell growth and proliferation. It is a valuable tool for research applications focused on cancer biology and therapeutic development.
  13. PKC Inhibitor

    PS315 is an allosteric inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) that targets the PIF-pocket of atypical PKC isoforms. By inducing a displacement of the active site residue Lys111, PS315 effectively inhibits both full-length PKCζ (IC50 = 10 µM) and PKCη (IC50 = 30 µM). This compound has demonstrated anti-cancer properties, making it a valuable tool for research into PKC-related signaling pathways and cancer therapeutics.
  14. PKCTheta Inhibitor

    PKCTheta-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of Protein Kinase C Theta (PKCθ), exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.1 nM. This compound disrupts PKCθ-mediated signaling pathways, contributing to its potential in immunological research and cellular proliferation studies. Its specificity makes it a valuable tool for investigating the role of PKCθ in T-cell activation and other related processes.
  15. PKC βII V5 Peptide

    Protein Kinase C (660-673) is a peptide derived from the PKC βII isoform, specifically designed to exhibit RACK1-binding affinity. This peptide serves as a valuable tool for studying the interactions of PKC βII with RACK1, providing insights into signaling pathways mediated by Protein Kinase C. Its unique structural properties make it suitable for investigating PKC βII's role in cellular processes, including proliferation and differentiation.
  16. PKC Inhibitor

    PKC-IN-7 is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC). This compound demonstrates significant anti-proliferative effects in various cancer cell lines and is valuable for investigating the role of PKC in cancer signaling pathways. It is suitable for research applications focused on tumor biology, cell signaling, and therapeutic development for PKC-related diseases.
  17. PKC Inhibitor

    6-Deoxyisojacareubin is a specific inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (PKC) that exhibits concentration-dependent inhibition of QGY-7703 cell proliferation. As a natural product derived from Garcinia nervosa, it serves as a valuable tool in cancer research to explore PKC-related signaling pathways and its effects on tumor cell growth. Its unique properties make it suitable for studies aiming to elucidate the role of PKC in various cancer types.
  18. PKC Inhibitor

    [Ala113]MBP(104-118) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), demonstrating IC50 values between 28-62 μM. This peptide is crucial for studying the regulatory mechanisms of PKC in various biological contexts. Its inhibition of PKC activity makes it a valuable tool for investigating signal transduction pathways and their implications in disease states. Researchers can utilize this reagent to explore PKC's role in cellular processes, contributing to the understanding of therapeutic targets in cancer and other diseases.
  19. PTHR/PKCα/β Activator

    pTH-Related Protein (1-40) is an activator of the parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR) and protein kinase C isoforms α and β. This peptide enhances calcium uptake in rat intestinal cells by stimulating the PTHR1 receptor, leading to the upregulation of critical calcium transport proteins, including TRPV6, CaBP-D9k, NCX1, and PMCA1. Its biological activity makes it a valuable tool for research focused on calcium signaling and endocrine regulation in both human and animal models.
  20. Non-selective Protein Kinase Inhibitor

    Staurosporine-Boc is a potent non-selective inhibitor of protein kinases, derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces staurosporeus. This compound effectively inhibits a wide range of protein kinases, including protein kinase C (PKC), as well as tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases. Due to its broad activity profile, Staurosporine-Boc is extensively utilized in biological research, particularly in studies examining cell signaling pathways and related mechanisms.
  21. β1 PKC Fragment

    Protein Kinase C (661-671) is a peptide fragment derived from the β1 isoform of protein kinase C (PKC). This fragment is crucial for studying the regulatory mechanisms of PKC in cellular growth control and its role in tumor promotion. It serves as an important tool for research into cancer biology and signaling pathways associated with PKC activity.
  22. Phorbol Ester

    Sapintoxin A is a phorbol ester derived from the unripe fruits of Sapium indicum. This compound exhibits significant biological activity by acting on protein kinase C (PKC) pathways, making it valuable in the study of signal transduction and cancer research. Its applications include investigating the role of PKC in various cellular processes and understanding tumorigenesis mechanisms.
  23. PKC Pseudosubstrate Inhibitor

    Protein Kinase C (19-35) Peptide serves as a pseudosubstrate inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (PKC). By potentially blocking the substrate-binding site within the kinase domain, this peptide renders the cytoplasmic form of PKC inactive. This inhibition is valuable for investigating PKC-related signaling pathways and understanding its role in various cellular processes. Its applications extend to research focused on cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis associated with PKC activity.
  24. PKCδ Substrate

    PKCδ Peptide Substrate is a highly specific substrate that targets the δ isoform of Protein Kinase C (PKCδ). Featuring the amino acid sequence corresponding to residues 422-443 of murine eEF-1α and incorporating Thr-431, this peptide supports detailed studies of PKCδ activity. It is suitable for a variety of research applications, including kinase assays and understanding PKCδ's role in cellular signaling pathways.
  25. aPKCζ inhibitor

    aPKC-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of atypical protein kinase C zeta (aPKCζ). This compound plays a crucial role in modulating cellular processes related to vascular permeability and inflammation. It is a valuable tool for investigating various disease mechanisms associated with these biological pathways, making it pertinent for research in areas such as cancer and autoimmune disorders.
  26. PKC Inhibitor

    ICP-103 is a highly selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with an IC50 of 30 nM. This compound has demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against PKC, making it a valuable tool for cancer research. ICP-103 can be utilized to explore the role of PKC in tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance, contributing to a deeper understanding of potential cancer treatment strategies.
  27. Inhibitor Peptide

    pep2-EVKI (YNVYGIEEVKI) is an inhibitor peptide that selectively targets and disrupts the interactions of Protein Interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1). This compound is known to exert opposing effects on synaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) function relative to PICK1 expression. It serves as a valuable tool for studying synaptic signaling pathways and understanding the role of PICK1 in synaptic plasticity and related neurobiological processes.
  28. Cytidylate Kinase

    Cytidylate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to cytidine monophosphate (CMP) and deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), leading to the synthesis of nucleoside diphosphates. This enzymatic activity plays a crucial role in nucleotide metabolism and is essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. Cytidylate kinase is useful for research applications in molecular biology, biochemistry, and studies related to cellular proliferation and metabolism.
  29. MBP Peptide

    Ac-MBP (4-14) Peptide is an acetylated derivative of the myelin basic protein (MBP) sequence encompassing amino acids 4 to 14. This peptide serves as a selective substrate for protein kinase C (PKC), facilitating accurate biochemical assays. Ac-MBP (4-14) Peptide is suitable for PKC activity assays in crude extracts, allowing for the assessment of PKC function without the need for prior purification steps to remove interfering kinases or phosphatases.
  30. PKC Inhibitor

    7-Oxostaurosporine is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), demonstrating significant efficacy in inhibiting tumor proliferation. This compound induces apoptosis in cancer cells and effectively disrupts the nuclear factor (NF)-κB/p-p65 signaling pathway, making it valuable for cancer research and therapeutic studies focused on PKC-related pathways. Its potent biological activity highlights its potential utility in understanding tumor biology and developing targeted cancer therapies.
  31. PKC Inhibitor

    [Ala107]MBP(104-118) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), exhibiting IC50 values between 46-145 μM. This peptide is utilized in research to study PKC activity and its role in cellular signaling pathways. Its ability to selectively inhibit PKC makes it a valuable tool in investigating the implications of PKC in various disease states and pharmacological interventions.
  32. Neuropeptide

    Neuropeptide DF2 is a neuropeptide derived from crayfish, specifically a member of the DRNFLRFamide family. It enhances neurotransmitter release and increases the amplitude of excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSP) via activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase pathways. This compound is valuable for research in neurobiology and synaptic transmission.
  33. Peptide

    Protein Kinase C γ Peptide is a bioactive peptide fragment derived from Protein Kinase Cγ, which plays a crucial role in cellular signaling pathways. This peptide is involved in the regulation of nuclear import mechanisms associated with recessive ataxia-related aprataxin and has implications in the study of dominant ataxia disorders. It is a valuable tool for researchers exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying ataxia and related neurodegenerative conditions.
  34. Stable Isotope

    Psychosine-d7 is a deuterium-labeled analog of psychosine, serving as a stable isotope for research applications. Psychosine acts as a substrate for the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) enzyme and is identified as a potential biomarker for Krabbe disease. This lipid is known for its high cytotoxicity, inducing apoptosis across various cell types, making it valuable for studies related to neurodegenerative disorders and cellular stress responses.
  35. PKC Inhibitor

    K-252b is an indolocarbazole that acts as a selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. Its primary mechanism involves the inhibition of PKC enzymes, essential for various cellular signaling pathways. K-252b is particularly useful in studies assessing the role of PKC in phosphorylation processes and can be applied in cell culture to investigate the effects of targeted PKC modulation on cellular functions. However, its limited membrane permeability necessitates specific experimental conditions for effective use.
  36. Peptide

    Pep2m, myristoylated is a cell-permeable peptide that targets protein kinase ζ (PKMζ). This compound is known to disrupt the interactions between N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) and glutamate receptor subunit 2 (GluR2), providing valuable insights into the roles of PKMζ in cellular signaling. Pep2m, myristoylated is useful for researching synaptic transmission and plasticity, as well as studying the molecular mechanisms underlying memory and learning processes.
  37. PKC Inhibitor

    N-Myristoyl-Lys-Arg-Thr-Leu-Arg is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), exhibiting an IC50 of 75 μM. This compound effectively inhibits the induction of the IL-2 receptor and production of IL-2 in the Jurkat human leukemic cell line. It can be utilized in research focused on understanding PKC-related signaling pathways and their role in immune responses.
  38. Protein Kinase C Peptide

    Protein Kinase C α Peptide (TFA) is a synthetic peptide derived from Protein Kinase C alpha, which functions as a lipid-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase. This reagent plays a critical role in modulating various cellular processes such as cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and adhesion. It is widely utilized in research applications exploring signaling pathways and cellular responses pertinent to cancer and other diseases.
  39. PKC Activator

    Protein Kinase C (530-558) is a potent activator of Protein Kinase C (PKC). This peptide fragment has been shown to significantly inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, making it valuable for research on bone metabolism and related disorders. Its specific activation of PKC can provide insights into the signaling pathways involved in various cellular processes, contributing to studies in cell biology and pharmacology.
  40. Peptide

    FKKSFKL-NH2 is a selective peptide targeting protein kinase C (PKC). This compound is valuable for studying PKC-mediated signaling pathways and its involvement in various biochemical processes. Researchers can utilize FKKSFKL-NH2 to explore its potential roles in cell signaling, proliferation, and differentiation, contributing to a deeper understanding of PKC-related functions in cellular biology.
  41. Protein kinase C substrate

    Protein kinase C substrate serves as a substrate for Protein kinase C, enabling the detection of phosphorylated proteins. Protein kinase C is a critical regulator in signal transduction pathways, facilitating cellular responses through the phosphorylation of specific substrates. This reagent is essential for studying kinase activity and elucidating signaling mechanisms in various biological contexts.
  42. PKC-θ Inhibitor

    PKC-theta inhibitor 2 hydrochloride is a highly selective inhibitor of protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ), exhibiting an IC50 of 18 nM. This compound modulates key signaling pathways associated with T cell activation and proliferation. It serves as a valuable tool in research investigating autoimmune diseases, cancer therapeutics, and immune response modulation.
  43. PKC Activator

    Teleocidin A1 is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). This compound exhibits significant antiproliferative activity against HeLa cancer cells, with an IC50 of 9.2 nM. Teleocidin A1 serves as a valuable tool for investigating PKC signaling pathways and its implications in cancer research.
  44. PKC Inhibitor

    Safingol is a lyso-sphingolipid that acts as a selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. It has demonstrated potential in modulating various cellular signaling pathways, making it an important tool in cancer research and studies of cell survival and apoptosis. Safingol is valuable for investigating the role of PKC in diseases and may aid in the development of therapeutic strategies targeting this kinase.
  45. PKC Substrate

    [Ala9,10, Lys11,12] Glycogen Synthase (1-12) serves as a selective substrate for phosphorylation by protein kinase C (PKC). This reagent is useful for assessing PKC activity in various biological contexts, providing insights into signaling pathways involving PKC and glycogen metabolism. Researchers can utilize this substrate to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of PKC in cellular processes.
  46. Signal Accepts Peptide

    Protein Kinase C Peptide Substrate is specifically designed to act as a substrate for Protein Kinase C, a crucial player in cellular signal transduction. This substrate participates in the phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues in target proteins, modulating various cellular processes in response to second messengers. Its key biological activities include regulation of nervous, endocrine, exocrine, inflammatory, and immune responses. This reagent is valuable for research applications aimed at understanding signaling pathways and the functional roles of Protein Kinase C in cellular physiology.
  47. BMP Encephalitogenic Epitope

    Ac-MBP (1-11) is a synthetic peptide that represents the primary encephalitogenic epitope derived from myelin basic protein (MBP). This peptide is critical for studies on multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders, as it plays a significant role in immune response and T cell activation. Ac-MBP (1-11) is widely utilized in research to understand the mechanisms of demyelination and to explore potential therapeutic interventions.
  48. OPN4 Inhibitor

    AE 51310 is an inhibitor of the OPN4 receptor, effectively disrupting the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and the downstream BRAF/MEK/ERK signaling cascade. This compound is valuable for cancer research, particularly in the study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Its ability to modulate critical signaling pathways makes AE 51310 a useful tool in investigating tumor biology and potential therapeutic targets.
  49. C8 Ceramide Negative Control

    C8 Dihydroceramide serves as a negative control for C8 Ceramide, an analog of naturally occurring ceramides that can penetrate cell membranes. Unlike its active counterpart, C8-Ceramide exhibits anti-proliferative properties, demonstrating its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent and a stimulant for dendritic cell activation, ultimately promoting T cell responses during viral infections. Additionally, C8-Ceramide has been shown to induce mild activation of protein kinase C (PKC) in in vitro studies, making it relevant for research in cell signaling and immunology.
  50. Munc13-1 Activator

    JH-131e-153 is a diacylglycerol (DAG)-lactone that functions as a small molecule activator of Munc13-1 by targeting its C1 domain. This compound demonstrates a specific activation sequence for Munc13-1, with a comparative hierarchy of WT>I590≈R592A≈W588A. Its activation profile reveals homology with protein kinase C (PKC), indicating potential cross-functional mechanisms. JH-131e-153 plays a crucial role in modulating neuronal processes and serves as a valuable tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases.

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