TGF-β/Smad

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  1. PKC Inhibitor

    PKC-IN-4 is a selective inhibitor of atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) with an IC50 of 0.52 µM. This compound effectively inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB signaling in vitro, making it a valuable tool for studies involving inflammatory responses. Additionally, PKC-IN-4 has been shown to block VEGF- and TNF-α-induced permeability across the retinal vasculature, highlighting its potential in retinal disease research and vascular permeability exploration.
  2. PKC-ι Inhibitor

    PKCiota-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of Protein Kinase C iota (PKC-ι), exhibiting an IC50 value of 2.8 nM. In addition to its primary target, PKCiota-IN-2 also demonstrates inhibitory activity against PKC-α and PKC-ε with IC50 values of 71 nM and 350 nM, respectively. This compound is valuable for research applications exploring the role of PKC isoforms in signal transduction, cancer, and other diseases.
  3. PKC Inhibitor

    NA 0345 is a potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, exhibiting IC50 values of 70 nM in the presence of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate and 110 nM in its absence. This compound selectively inhibits PKC activity, effectively reducing the positive inotropic effects associated with α1-adrenergic receptors. NA 0345 is useful in research applications aimed at elucidating the role of PKC in cardiovascular function and signal transduction pathways.
  4. iNOS/ PKC-θ Dual Inhibitor

    Anemonin is a dual inhibitor targeting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ). This compound significantly reduces the translation and enhances the protein stability of PKC-θ, demonstrating potent anti-inflammatory effects. Anemonin has been shown to alleviate symptoms of dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute ulcerative colitis in murine models, making it a valuable tool for researching inflammation-related diseases.
  5. PKC Inhibitor

    (S)-Ro 32-0432 free base is a selective and potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (PKC), with IC50 values of 9.3 nM for PKCα, 28 nM for PKCβI, 30 nM for PKCβII, 36.5 nM for PKCγ, and 108.3 nM for PKCε. Additionally, it acts as a selective inhibitor of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5). (S)-Ro 32-0432 free base effectively inhibits T-cell activation, making it a valuable tool for research into chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
  6. PKCη Pseudosubstrate Inhibitor

    PKCη pseudosubstrate inhibitor, myristoylated is a cell-permeable compound designed to inhibit protein kinase C eta (PKCη) activity by mimicking its substrate. This inhibitor allows for the exploration of PKCη’s role in various signaling pathways, facilitating studies on its biological functions in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Researchers can utilize this tool to investigate the therapeutic potential of modulating PKCη activity in various diseases.
  7. PKC Inhibitor

    PS315 is an allosteric inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) that targets the PIF-pocket of atypical PKC isoforms. By inducing a displacement of the active site residue Lys111, PS315 effectively inhibits both full-length PKCζ (IC50 = 10 µM) and PKCη (IC50 = 30 µM). This compound has demonstrated anti-cancer properties, making it a valuable tool for research into PKC-related signaling pathways and cancer therapeutics.
  8. PKCTheta Inhibitor

    PKCTheta-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of Protein Kinase C Theta (PKCθ), exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.1 nM. This compound disrupts PKCθ-mediated signaling pathways, contributing to its potential in immunological research and cellular proliferation studies. Its specificity makes it a valuable tool for investigating the role of PKCθ in T-cell activation and other related processes.
  9. PKC Inhibitor

    PKC-IN-7 is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC). This compound demonstrates significant anti-proliferative effects in various cancer cell lines and is valuable for investigating the role of PKC in cancer signaling pathways. It is suitable for research applications focused on tumor biology, cell signaling, and therapeutic development for PKC-related diseases.
  10. PKC Inhibitor

    6-Deoxyisojacareubin is a specific inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (PKC) that exhibits concentration-dependent inhibition of QGY-7703 cell proliferation. As a natural product derived from Garcinia nervosa, it serves as a valuable tool in cancer research to explore PKC-related signaling pathways and its effects on tumor cell growth. Its unique properties make it suitable for studies aiming to elucidate the role of PKC in various cancer types.
  11. PKC Inhibitor

    [Ala113]MBP(104-118) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), demonstrating IC50 values between 28-62 μM. This peptide is crucial for studying the regulatory mechanisms of PKC in various biological contexts. Its inhibition of PKC activity makes it a valuable tool for investigating signal transduction pathways and their implications in disease states. Researchers can utilize this reagent to explore PKC's role in cellular processes, contributing to the understanding of therapeutic targets in cancer and other diseases.
  12. Non-selective Protein Kinase Inhibitor

    Staurosporine-Boc is a potent non-selective inhibitor of protein kinases, derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces staurosporeus. This compound effectively inhibits a wide range of protein kinases, including protein kinase C (PKC), as well as tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases. Due to its broad activity profile, Staurosporine-Boc is extensively utilized in biological research, particularly in studies examining cell signaling pathways and related mechanisms.
  13. PKC Pseudosubstrate Inhibitor

    Protein Kinase C (19-35) Peptide serves as a pseudosubstrate inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (PKC). By potentially blocking the substrate-binding site within the kinase domain, this peptide renders the cytoplasmic form of PKC inactive. This inhibition is valuable for investigating PKC-related signaling pathways and understanding its role in various cellular processes. Its applications extend to research focused on cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis associated with PKC activity.
  14. aPKCζ inhibitor

    aPKC-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of atypical protein kinase C zeta (aPKCζ). This compound plays a crucial role in modulating cellular processes related to vascular permeability and inflammation. It is a valuable tool for investigating various disease mechanisms associated with these biological pathways, making it pertinent for research in areas such as cancer and autoimmune disorders.
  15. PKC Inhibitor

    ICP-103 is a highly selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with an IC50 of 30 nM. This compound has demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against PKC, making it a valuable tool for cancer research. ICP-103 can be utilized to explore the role of PKC in tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance, contributing to a deeper understanding of potential cancer treatment strategies.
  16. Inhibitor Peptide

    pep2-EVKI (YNVYGIEEVKI) is an inhibitor peptide that selectively targets and disrupts the interactions of Protein Interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1). This compound is known to exert opposing effects on synaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) function relative to PICK1 expression. It serves as a valuable tool for studying synaptic signaling pathways and understanding the role of PICK1 in synaptic plasticity and related neurobiological processes.
  17. PKC Inhibitor

    7-Oxostaurosporine is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), demonstrating significant efficacy in inhibiting tumor proliferation. This compound induces apoptosis in cancer cells and effectively disrupts the nuclear factor (NF)-κB/p-p65 signaling pathway, making it valuable for cancer research and therapeutic studies focused on PKC-related pathways. Its potent biological activity highlights its potential utility in understanding tumor biology and developing targeted cancer therapies.
  18. PKC Inhibitor

    [Ala107]MBP(104-118) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), exhibiting IC50 values between 46-145 μM. This peptide is utilized in research to study PKC activity and its role in cellular signaling pathways. Its ability to selectively inhibit PKC makes it a valuable tool in investigating the implications of PKC in various disease states and pharmacological interventions.
  19. PKC Inhibitor

    K-252b is an indolocarbazole that acts as a selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. Its primary mechanism involves the inhibition of PKC enzymes, essential for various cellular signaling pathways. K-252b is particularly useful in studies assessing the role of PKC in phosphorylation processes and can be applied in cell culture to investigate the effects of targeted PKC modulation on cellular functions. However, its limited membrane permeability necessitates specific experimental conditions for effective use.
  20. PKC Inhibitor

    N-Myristoyl-Lys-Arg-Thr-Leu-Arg is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), exhibiting an IC50 of 75 μM. This compound effectively inhibits the induction of the IL-2 receptor and production of IL-2 in the Jurkat human leukemic cell line. It can be utilized in research focused on understanding PKC-related signaling pathways and their role in immune responses.
  21. PKC-θ Inhibitor

    PKC-theta inhibitor 2 hydrochloride is a highly selective inhibitor of protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ), exhibiting an IC50 of 18 nM. This compound modulates key signaling pathways associated with T cell activation and proliferation. It serves as a valuable tool in research investigating autoimmune diseases, cancer therapeutics, and immune response modulation.
  22. PKC Inhibitor

    Safingol is a lyso-sphingolipid that acts as a selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. It has demonstrated potential in modulating various cellular signaling pathways, making it an important tool in cancer research and studies of cell survival and apoptosis. Safingol is valuable for investigating the role of PKC in diseases and may aid in the development of therapeutic strategies targeting this kinase.
  23. OPN4 Inhibitor

    AE 51310 is an inhibitor of the OPN4 receptor, effectively disrupting the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and the downstream BRAF/MEK/ERK signaling cascade. This compound is valuable for cancer research, particularly in the study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Its ability to modulate critical signaling pathways makes AE 51310 a useful tool in investigating tumor biology and potential therapeutic targets.
  24. PKC-ι Inhibitor

    PKCiota-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C iota (PKC-ι) with an IC50 of 2.7 nM. This compound also exhibits inhibitory activity against PKC-α and PKC-ε, with IC50 values of 45 nM and 450 nM, respectively. PKCiota-IN-1 is valuable for studying the role of PKC-ι in various biological processes and has potential applications in cancer research and therapeutic strategies targeting PKC pathways.
  25. PKC Inhibitor

    CIDD-0072424 is a selective inhibitor of Protein Kinase C-epsilon (PKCε), exhibiting an inhibitory constant (Ki) of 54 nM. This compound has been shown to reduce ethanol consumption and preference in a dose-dependent manner, making it a valuable tool for studying alcohol-related behaviors and signaling pathways. It is applicable in research investigating the role of PKCε in addiction and other neurobiological processes.
  26. PKC Inhibitor

    MT477 is a potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor that induces both apoptosis and necrosis in target cells. This compound effectively reduces the protein expression levels of Ras-GTP, p-Erk1/2, and p-Elk1. Due to its mechanism of action, MT477 demonstrates significant antitumor activity, making it a valuable tool for cancer research and therapeutic investigations.
  27. PKC Inhibitor

    PKC-IN-5, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, disrupts the interaction between PKC epsilon (PKCe) and its adaptor protein RACK2. This inhibition can modulate PKC-mediated signaling pathways, making PKC-IN-5 a valuable tool for studying PKC-related cellular processes. Its application extends to research in cancer biology and neurodegenerative diseases, where PKC signaling plays a critical role.
  28. Protein Kinase C Inhibitor

    Ro 31-8830 is a potent and selective inhibitor of protein kinase C, which plays a crucial role in various cell signaling pathways. This compound demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity and is valuable for research focused on inflammatory disorders. Its capabilities make Ro 31-8830 a significant tool for investigating the mechanisms underlying inflammation and evaluating potential therapeutic strategies.
  29. PKC Inhibitor

    R8605 is a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with a reported IC50 of 65 μM in the rat brain. This compound also inhibits calcium/phospholipid-independent phosphorylation of protamine, with IC50 values of 70 μM and 100 μM, respectively. R8605 is applicable in cancer research, facilitating studies on PKC-mediated signaling pathways and their implications in tumorigenesis.
  30. PKC Inhibitor

    Safingol hydrochloride is a lyso-sphingolipid that functions as a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC). This compound exhibits significant biological activity in modulating cellular signaling pathways associated with cancer progression and apoptosis. Safingol hydrochloride is primarily utilized in research focused on cancer biology, cardiovascular disease, and neuroprotection, providing valuable insights into PKC-related mechanisms.
  31. PKCβII Inhibitor

    PKCβII Peptide Inhibitor I is a selective inhibitor of Protein Kinase C beta II (PKCβII). This peptide demonstrates significant cardioprotective effects in rat models of ischemia/reperfusion injury, making it a valuable tool in cardiovascular research. Additionally, it has been shown to prevent vascular endothelial dysfunction, highlighting its potential applications in studying vascular health and related pathologies.
  32. Protein Kinase C Inhibitor/LTD4 Antagonist

    LY 170198 is a potent protein kinase C inhibitor and LTD4 antagonist. This compound exhibits significant biological activity relevant to studies on tumor promotion, oncogene activation, and protein phosphorylation. Additionally, it is valuable for investigating feedback mechanisms in signal transduction pathways and cellular responses to growth factors, making it a useful tool for cancer research and related fields.
  33. PKC Inhibitor

    Go 7874 is a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor that exhibits neuroprotective effects in models of immune-mediated neurotoxicity. This compound mitigates LPS/IFNg-induced neuronal cell death not through conventional PKC inhibition, but by suppressing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), leading to decreased nitric oxide (NO) production. Its unique mechanism makes Go 7874 a valuable tool for studying neuroprotective strategies in inflammatory conditions.
  34. PKC Inhibitor

    DL-erythro-Dihydrosphingosine is a sphingosine-derived protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor that functions by directly inhibiting phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity. This compound also attenuates the function of Bcl-2, a protein that plays a crucial role in regulating apoptosis. Additionally, DL-erythro-Dihydrosphingosine inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are involved in various cellular processes. Its unique biological activity makes it valuable for research in cancer and inflammatory disease models.
  35. PKCα Inhibitor

    Desmethylglycitein (4',6,7-Trihydroxyisoflavone) is an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC)α, demonstrating significant anti-cancer and antioxidant activities. It directly binds to CDK1 and CDK2, leading to the suppression of their activity. Additionally, Desmethylglycitein inhibits PI3K in an ATP-competitive manner, affecting downstream signaling pathways and reducing adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Its mechanisms make it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology and metabolic disorders.
  36. PKC Inhibitor

    Bisindolylmaleimide X is a potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor that exhibits cell-penetrating properties. It effectively inhibits the proliferation of CD4 T cells in vitro and shows antagonistic activity against cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) with an IC50 of 200 nM. Additionally, Bisindolylmaleimide X suppresses eNOS-Ser1177 phosphorylation in human embryonic vein endothelial cells. This compound is valuable for studying mechanisms in the immune system and cardiovascular diseases.
  37. Myo1s/TGF-β Inhibitor

    Pentachloropseudilin is a potent reversible allosteric inhibitor targeting Myo1s (class 1 myosins), exhibiting IC50 values ranging from 1 to 5 μM for mammalian class-1 myosins, while displaying greater than 90 μM for class-2 and class-5 myosins. Additionally, it effectively inhibits transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, with an IC50 of 0.1 to 0.2 μM. This compound is valuable for research in cellular signaling pathways and myosin function, contributing to studies in cell motility and tissue remodeling.
  38. PKC Inhibitor

    PKC-iota inhibitor 1 is an inhibitor of protein kinase C-iota (PKC-ι) with an IC50 value of 0.34 μM. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity relevant to cancer research, making it a valuable tool for investigating the role of PKC-ι in tumorigenesis and signal transduction pathways. It is suitable for studies focused on cancer biology and therapeutic interventions targeting PKC-ι.
  39. PKC/HCMV Inhibitor

    Bisindolylmaleimide IV is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), exhibiting IC50 values between 0.1 and 0.55 μM. It also demonstrates inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) with IC50 ranging from 3.1 to 11.8 μM. In addition to its kinase inhibitory properties, Bisindolylmaleimide IV effectively inhibits human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in cell culture, displaying an IC50 of 0.2 μM. This reagent is valuable for research applications focused on signal transduction and viral pathogenesis.
  40. PKA Anchoring Inhibitor

    st-Ht31 is a membrane-permeable peptide that inhibits protein kinase A (PKA) anchoring. It effectively induces cholesterol and phospholipid efflux and has been shown to completely reverse foam cell formation in macrophages. This compound offers valuable insights into PKA-related signaling pathways and metabolic health research.
  41. PKC Inhibitor

    Sangivamycin is a nucleoside analog that serves as a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) with a Ki value of 10 μM. This compound exhibits significant antiproliferative activity against a diverse range of human cancers, making it a valuable tool for cancer research and therapeutic studies focused on PKC modulation. Its targeted mechanism of action positions Sangivamycin as a promising candidate for further exploration in cancer treatment.
  42. PKA Inhibitor

    2'-Deoxy-NAD+ sodium is a sodium salt derivative of 2'-Deoxy-NAD+ that functions as a noncompetitive inhibitor of NAD+ with a Ki value of 32 μM. This reagent is valuable for investigating ADP-ribosyl transfer reactions, providing insights into cellular processes involving protein modification. It is particularly useful in studies related to protein kinase A (PKA) activity and regulatory mechanisms in biological systems.
  43. PKCζ/ι Pseudosubstrate Inhibitor

    PKCζ/ι Pseudosubstrate Inhibitor serves as a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms ζ and ι. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum inhibitory effects on the PKC enzyme family, making it valuable for studies investigating the role of PKC in cell signaling and neurobiology. Additionally, it has been shown to induce memory impairment, which may be relevant for research on cognitive function and associated disorders.
  44. ALK4/5/7 Inhibitor

    A 83-01 sodium is a selective inhibitor of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) type I receptors ALK4, ALK5, and ALK7. With IC50 values of 12 nM, 45 nM, and 7.5 nM, it effectively blocks transcriptional activity induced by these kinases. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on TGF-β signaling pathways and regulation of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
  45. TGFbR1 Inhibitor

    PF-06952229 is a potent and selective inhibitor of TGFbR1, demonstrating oral bioavailability. By specifically binding to TGFbR1, it effectively blocks TGFbR1-mediated signaling pathways. This compound shows significant promise as an antineoplastic agent, particularly in the study of solid tumors, including metastatic breast cancer. Its mechanism makes it a valuable tool for understanding TGFbR1's role in cancer progression and therapy.
  46. TGFβ1 Inhibitor

    TGFβ1-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). This compound effectively inhibits the upregulation of fibrosis markers such as α-SMA and fibronectin, making it a valuable tool for investigating liver fibrosis and related pathologies. TGFβ1-IN-1 is suitable for research applications focused on fibrosis modulation and therapeutic interventions targeting TGF-β1 signaling pathways.
  47. BMPR2 Inhibitor

    CDD-1653 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor 2 (BMPR2) with an IC50 of 2.8 nM. By diminishing ATP binding to the kinase domain of BMPR2, CDD-1653 modulates the phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8 transcription factors, which are essential components of the BMP signaling pathway. This reagent is suitable for investigating diseases associated with dysregulation in the BMP signaling cascade.
  48. ALK5 Inhibitor

    Vactosertib Hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), characterized by its ATP-competitive mechanism and an IC50 of 12.9 nM. Additionally, it demonstrates inhibitory effects on ALK2 and ALK4 with IC50 values of 17.3 nM. This compound exhibits significant antimetastatic activity and anticancer properties, making it a valuable research tool for studies related to cancer biology and therapeutic development targeting TGF-β signaling pathways.
  49. ALK5 Inhibitor

    THRX-144644 is a selective ALK5 inhibitor with a very low IC50 value of 0.14 nM, demonstrating potent inhibition of the TGFβ signaling pathway. This compound is designed for lung-targeted applications, offering an alternative that minimizes systemic toxicities typically linked to broader TGFβ pathway inhibition. THRX-144644 is valuable for research projects focused on fibrosis, cancer biology, and respiratory diseases.
  50. TGF-β Inhibitor

    Pentabromopseudilin (PBrP) is a potent inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), functioning as a reversible allosteric modulator of myosin Va (MyoVa). Isolated from marine bacteria, PBrP displays significant antimicrobial, anti-tumor, and phytotoxic properties. This compound is valuable for research in fibrotic diseases and cancer, providing insight into TGF-β mediated pathways and their implications in disease progression.

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