Membrane Transporters-Ion Channels

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  1. TRPV1 antagonist and TNF-alpha production inhibitor

    LASSBio-1135 is a dual TRPV1 antagonist and TNF-alpha production inhibitor.
  2. ROMK inhibitor

    VU590 is a potent and moderately selective ROMK (Kir1.1) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 290 nM. VU590 also inhibits Kir7.1, with an IC50 of 8 μM. VU590 is not a good probe of ROMK function in the kidney.
  3. blocker of fast Na+-dependent action potentials and voltage-dependent

    Lidocaine N-ethyl bromide is a non-membrane-permeable blocker of fast Na+-dependent action potentials and voltage-dependent, non-inactivating Na+ conductance.
  4. KCNQ2/3 potassium channels activator

    QO-40 is an activator of KCNQ2/3 potassium channels.
  5. Ca2+-activated K+ channel activator

    NS19504 is a Ca2+-activated K+ channel (BK channel, KCa1.1 channel) activator (EC50=11.0 μM) with relaxing effect on bladder smooth muscle spontaneous phasic contractions.

  6. potassium current activator

    NS5806, a potent potassium current activator, increases KV4.3/KChIP2 peak current amplitudes with an EC50 of 5.3 μM. NS5806 slows KV4.3 and KV4.2 current dacay in channel complexes containing KChIP2.
  7. vasodilator drug

    Pentamethonium bromide is a vasodilator drug.
  8. TRPM8 channel blocker

    TC-I 2000 is a TRPM8 channel blocker that inhibits icilin-induced TRPM8 channel activation in rTRPM8-expressing CHO cells
  9. Beta1-Adrenergic receptor antagonist

    Talinolol is a beta(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonist and a probe drug for P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in humans.

  10. Oct3/4 inducer

    Oct3/4-inducer-1 (compound 2) is a potent Oct3/4 inducer. Oct3/4-inducer-1 promotes expression and stabilization of Oct3/4, and enhances its transcriptional activity in diverse human somatic cells.
  11. CRM1-selective inhibitor

    Selinexor trans-isomer is a trans-isomer of Selinexor or KPT-330, which is a CRM1-selective inhibitor of nuclear export. It inhibits protein trafficking from the nucleus and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in mesothelioma cells.
  12. VMAT-2 inhibitor

    Tetrabenazine Racemate (Ro 1-9569 Racemate) is a selective and reversible inhibitor of vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT-2).
  13. Potassium Channel inhibitor

    Acecainide, also known as N-acetylprocainamide and ASL 601, is the N-acetylated metabolite of procainamide. Acecainide is a Class III antiarrhythmic agent. It can be given either intravenously or orally, and is eliminated primarily by renal excretion.
  14. V-ATPase inhibitor

    KM 91104 is a cell-permeable inhibitor of V-ATPase that specifically targets the interaction between V-ATPase subunit a3 and subunit B2.
  15. VDAC Inhibitor

    DIDS sodium salt is a potent inhibitor of voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC1) and also targets the ABCA1 transporter. This compound effectively disrupts RAD51-mediated homologous pairing and strand exchange reactions, making it valuable for studying DNA repair mechanisms. Additionally, DIDS is known to inhibit anion exchange and interfere with caspase-3 and -9 activation, facilitating its application in cancer research and apoptosis studies.
  16. CDK Inhibitor

    Aloisine A is a potent cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.15 μM for CDK1/cyclin B, 0.12 μM for CDK2/cyclin A, 0.4 μM for CDK2/cyclin E, and 0.16 μM for CDK5/p35. In addition to its CDK inhibitory effects, Aloisine A also inhibits GSK-3α and GSK-3β with IC50 values of 0.5 μM and 1.5 μM, respectively. Notably, it enhances the activity of wild-type and mutant CFTR with submicromolar affinity through a cAMP-independent mechanism, making it a valuable tool for research related to cystic fibrosis and CFTR-related disorders.
  17. Serotonergic Receptor Antagonist

    Hymenidin is a natural antagonist of serotonergic receptors, exhibiting significant inhibitory effects on voltage-gated potassium channels. This compound demonstrates the ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology and therapeutics targeting serotonergic signaling pathways. Its dual action on ion channels and receptor antagonism positions Hymenidin as a noteworthy reagent for exploring complex cellular mechanisms in neurobiology and oncology.
  18. K+ Channels Activator

    1-EBIO is an activator of Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels, playing a crucial role in the modulation of membrane potential and cellular excitability. This compound is utilized in research to investigate the physiological functions and pathophysiological roles of K+ channels, contributing to a deeper understanding of cellular signaling processes and potential therapeutic targets in various diseases.
  19. Monounsaturated Fatty Acid

    Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator.
  20. Mycotoxin

    Deoxynivalenol, an orally active mycotoxin of the trichothecenes family, crosses the intestinal mucosa by a paracellular pathway through the tight junctions. The Deoxynivalenol transport is not affected by P-glycoprotein (PgP) or multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) inhibitors.
  21. Autophagy Inhibitor

    Reserpine acts as an inhibitor of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), thereby influencing neurotransmitter storage and release. This compound is widely utilized in research studies focusing on autophagy inhibition and its implications in various neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, reserpine's effects on monoamine levels make it a valuable tool in the investigation of psychiatric conditions and the biochemical pathways involved in these diseases.
  22. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Probenecid is a selective inhibitor of bacterial growth, primarily targeting pannexin 1 channels, while also exhibiting activity as a TRPV2 channel agonist. Its ability to modulate ion channel activity makes it valuable for research into pain pathways and inflammatory responses. Probenecid is commonly used in studies investigating the role of TRPV2 in nociception and as a tool in exploring bacterial resistance mechanisms.
  23. IL-1 Inhibitor

    Diacerein is a potent IL-1 inhibitor that functions by reducing the production of IL-1 converting enzyme, thereby inhibiting the activation of IL-1β and its downstream signaling pathways. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic properties, making it useful for various research applications, including studies on osteoarthritis and the management of bronchospasm and airway inflammation in asthmatic models. Diacerein is recognized as a slow-acting drug for symptomatic relief of osteoarthritis, facilitating insights into long-term therapeutic strategies.
  24. L-glutamate Uptake Inhibitor

    Evans Blue is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake through the membrane-bound excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT). This compound effectively inhibits L-glutamate and kainate receptor-mediated currents, making it valuable for research into neurophysiological processes. Additionally, due to its strong affinity for serum albumin, Evans Blue serves as a high molecular weight protein tracer and is widely used to investigate blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability.
  25. Anti-microbial Agent/Kir3.2 Blocker

    3,6-Diaminoacridine hemisulfate is an acridine compound that functions primarily as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent and a Kir3.2 potassium channel blocker. Its mechanism involves insertion into bacterial DNA, thereby disrupting replication and transcription, which ultimately leads to bacterial lysis. Additionally, this compound is utilized in research to investigate the neurological phenotype associated with Down syndrome. Due to its ability to penetrate the stratum corneum and accumulate in the cell nucleus, prolonged exposure warrants caution due to potential oncogenic effects.
  26. VMAT2 Inhibitor

    Reserpine hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2). It is primarily utilized in research to study neurotransmitter release and its implications in neurodegenerative diseases and mental health disorders. By inhibiting VMAT2, Reserpine hydrochloride disrupts the storage of monoamines, allowing for investigation into their effects on various physiological and pathological processes.
  27. DNA Dye

    DAPI (4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a fluorescent DNA dye that selectively binds to the AT base pairs in the minor groove of double-stranded DNA, enhancing fluorescence intensity approximately 20-fold upon binding. This property makes DAPI suitable for applications in fluorescence microscopy, allowing for quantification of DNA based on fluorescence intensity. Additionally, DAPI's ability to penetrate intact cell membranes enables its use in staining both live and fixed cells. DAPI also acts as an inhibitor of acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3), potentially contributing to research in chronic pain treatment (Ex/Em = 356/451 nm).
  28. T-type calcium channel Blocker

    KTt-45 is a selective T-type calcium channel blocker that exhibits significant anticancer activity. This compound induces apoptosis in the HeLa cervical cancer cell line, making it a valuable tool for studying the mechanisms of cancer cell death. Its ability to modulate calcium signaling has implications for research in cancer therapeutics and cellular physiology.
  29. SERCA2 Inhibitor

    COX-2-IN-55 is a selective SERCA2 inhibitor that exhibits promising anticancer properties, with a unique profile derived from a Celecoxib analog. This compound enhances caspase-3 cleavage and elevates DR5 levels, leading to the activation of GRP78, which contributes to the repression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression. Additionally, COX-2-IN-55 reduces angiogenic markers such as VEGF-α and IL-8, effectively inhibiting microvessel formation and supporting its potential utility in cancer research applications.
  30. NF-kβ Agonist

    Berubicin hydrochloride is an NF-kB agonist and a Doxorubicin analog with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. It inhibits P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), thereby reducing efflux in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and exerting cytotoxic effects on leukemia cells. Additionally, Berubicin hydrochloride induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells, making it a valuable reagent for studying tumors of the nervous system.
  31. Stable Isotope

    Terfenadine-d3 is the deuterated form of Terfenadine, which primarily targets the hERG potassium channel as a potent open-channel blocker with an IC50 of 204 nM. As an H1 histamine receptor antagonist, Terfenadine-d3 demonstrates significant biological activity by inducing apoptosis in melanoma cells through the modulation of calcium homeostasis. Its mechanism includes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent activation of caspases -4, -2, and -9, making it valuable for research in cancer biology and apoptosis pathways.
  32. Calcium Channel Blocker

    14-Deoxyandrographolide is a diterpene known for its calcium channel blocking activity, functioning as a uterine smooth muscle relaxant. It enhances nitric oxide (NO) release in endothelial cells, contributing to vasodilation. Additionally, 14-Deoxyandrographolide modulates liver cell sensitivity to TNF-α mediated apoptosis by promoting the release of TNFRSF1A, making it a valuable compound for research into vascular health and liver cell biology.
  33. P-glycoprotein Inhibitor

    1-Monopalmitin, also known as Glyceryl palmitate, functions as an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and modulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. It has been shown to induce G2/M phase arrest and promote caspase-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells, while also downregulating inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). Additionally, 1-Monopalmitin enhances drug accumulation in intestinal Caco-2 cells by inhibiting P-gp activity and has demonstrated the ability to induce protective autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer cells with an IC50 of 50-58 μg/mL, exhibiting low toxicity towards normal cells.
  34. KCNQ2 activator

    Ebio1 is a selective activator of the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ2. It enhances KCNQ2 activity by stabilizing an extended channel gate conformation, resulting in increased conductance at a saturation voltage of +50 mV.
  35. SMARCA4/SMARCA2 ATPase inhibitor

    FHD-286 is a selective, orally active inhibitor of the SMARCA4/SMARCA2 (BRG1/BRM) ATPase. It holds potential for research into BAF (BRG1/BRM-associated factor)-related disorders, including acute myeloid leukemia.
  36. SMARCA4/SMARCA2 ATPase Inhibitor

    FHT-1015 is a selective allosteric inhibitor of SMARCA4 (BRG1) and SMARCA2 (BRM), with IC₅₀ values of 4 nM and 5 nM, respectively. It binds to an allosteric site, inducing conformational changes that inhibit the ATPase activity of BRG1/BRM. FHT-1015 disrupts tumor cell growth and migration and is applicable in research on uveal melanoma and hematologic malignancies.
  37. Artepillin C is an orally active compound that functions as a CREB/CRTC2 inhibitor and a covalent TRPA1 agonist (EC50 = 1.8 μM). It suppresses CREB/CRTC2-mediated gene transcription and downregulates BMAL1 expression, thereby modulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Additionally, Artepillin C activates TRPA1 channels, eliciting spicy taste signals. It exhibits antitumor activity by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing necroptosis, improves insulin resistance, and reduces hepatic lipid synthesis. Artepillin C is applicable for research into metabolic syndrome, tumor prevention and treatment, and inflammation.
  38. SMARCA4/SMARCA2 ATPase inhibitor

    FHT-1204 is a potent inhibitor of SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 ATPases (BRG1 and BRM), with IC50 values of ≤10 nM for both targets.
  39. SMARCA4/SMARCA2 ATPase inhibitor

    FHT-2344 is a potent SMARCA4/SMARCA2 ATPase inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.026 μM for SMARCA4 and 0.013 μM for SMARCA2. It exhibits anticancer activity.
  40. COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor

    Glafenine is a non-selective, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. It exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-migratory effects by suppressing the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway, thereby reducing prostaglandin production. Additionally, glafenine induces cell cycle arrest in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells and decreases the synthesis of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin. It is utilized in research related to inflammatory disorders, vascular restenosis, and cystic fibrosis.
  41. AMPA receptor PAM

    Osavampator (TAK-653) is a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors that selectively binds in a glutamate-dependent manner. It enhances Ca²⁺ influx in hGluA1i CHO cells with an EC50 of 3.3 μM. Osavampator has been shown to improve learning and memory in various models and is under investigation for the treatment of depressive disorders.
  42. ALK/ROS1 inhibitor

    Iruplinalkib (WX-0593) is an orally active and selective ALK/ROS1 inhibitor that effectively blocks tyrosine autophosphorylation of ALK, mutant ALK, and EGFR, with IC50 values ranging from 5.38 to 16.74 nM. Additionally, it inhibits the transport activity of MATE1, MATE2K, P-gp, and BCRP. Iruplinalkib is under investigation for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  43. HIV-1 protease/PTP1B inhibitor

    Isosinensetin is a bioactive flavonoid compound with diverse pharmacological properties. It acts as a dual inhibitor of HIV-1 protease and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), with an IC₅₀ of 2.61 µM and a Kᵢ of 0.92 µM for PTP1B, indicating its potential in antiviral and metabolic disease research. Additionally, isosinensetin inhibits P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in MDR1-MDCKII cells, suggesting its utility in overcoming multidrug resistance. Isosinensetin exhibits multiple therapeutic effects, including anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. These properties support its application in the research of various conditions such as cancer, chronic inflammation, osteoporosis, diabetes, and infectious diseases.
  44. PKA inhibitor

    HA-1004 is a selective and multifunctional inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases, including protein kinase A (PKA) and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). It regulates key second messenger pathways involving cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP and has broad pharmacological effects. HA-1004 inhibits lipolysis and induces vascular smooth muscle relaxation, acting as a vasodilator. It also functions as a calcium antagonist, contributing to its ability to suppress contraction in rabbit aortic strips. In neurological models, HA-1004 has been shown to antagonize ERK and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) phosphorylation in morphine abstinence rat models, suggesting potential relevance in addiction and neurochemical regulation. Its diverse actions make it a valuable tool for studying cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurobiological processes.
  45. NMDAR/TRPM4 inhibitor

    Brophenexin (compound 8) is a potent inhibitor of the interaction interface between NMDA receptors (NMDAR) and TRPM4 channels, exhibiting significant neuroprotective activity. It prevents NMDA-induced excitotoxicity, including cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons, with an IC₅₀ of 2.1 μM. In vivo, Brophenexin protects against brain damage in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and preserves retinal ganglion cells from NMDA-induced degeneration. These findings support its potential as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic brain injury.
  46. HDAC inhibitor

    HL23 is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It enhances acetylation at the TXNIP promoter, leading to upregulation of TXNIP expression and modulation of potassium channel activity, ultimately inducing TXNIP-dependent potassium deprivation. HL23 effectively suppresses HCC progression and metastasis, and exhibits a synergistic antitumor effect when combined with Sorafenib, outperforming the combination of Sorafenib and Vorinostat in preclinical models.
  47. Bone resorption inhibitor

    Chicken calcitonin is a peptide hormone involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption by suppressing the motility and activity of osteoclasts, as demonstrated in neonatal rat models. This hormone plays a key role in maintaining bone homeostasis and is of interest in bone-related research.
  48. TNFα/IL-2 Inhibitor

    Immuno modulator-1 is a potent inhibitor of TNFα and IL-2, displaying IC50 values of 4.7 nM and 26 nM, respectively, in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC). This compound is valuable for investigating immune response modulation and inflammatory pathways. Additionally, Immuno modulator-1 demonstrates a hERG potassium channel blocking effect, exhibiting a 20% inhibitory percentage at a concentration of 3 μM, making it relevant for studies involving cardiac safety profiles.
  49. Potassium Channel Inhibitor

    Endoxifen Z-isomer hydrochloride is a selective potassium channel inhibitor that acts as a potent metabolite of Tamoxifen, exhibiting over 100-fold increased potency compared to its parent compound. This compound effectively inhibits PKCβ1 kinase activity, leading to decreased phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473 and its substrates, which ultimately promotes apoptosis. Endoxifen Z-isomer hydrochloride demonstrates significant anticancer effects, particularly against hormone-resistant metastatic breast cancer, making it a valuable reagent for cancer research applications.
  50. Na+/K+-ATPase Inhibitor

    Cryptanoside A is a potent Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor derived from the stems of Cryptolepis dubia. This cardiac glycoside epoxide exhibits significant cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines. Additionally, Cryptanoside A enhances the expression of Akt and the p65 subunit of NF-κB, making it a valuable tool for studying cancer biology and the regulatory pathways involved in cell survival and proliferation.

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