Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog

Zalcitabine is a potent nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV infection.

Fosteabine is an oral and prodrug analogue of cytarabine which is resistant to deoxycytidine deaminase.

6-O-Methyl Guanosine is a modified nucleoside. 6-O-Methyl Guanosine (6-methylguanosine) inhibit colony-forming ability in a malignant xeroderma pigmentosum cell line.

N2-methylguanosine is a modified nucleoside that occurs at several specific locations in many tRNA's.

N6-Etheno 2'-deoxyadenosine is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-induced DNA oxidation product, used as a biomarker to evaluate chronic inflammation and lipid peroxidation in animal or human tissues.

3-Methylcytidine, a urinary nucleoside, can be used as a biomarker of four different types of cancer: lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancer.

3'-Azido-3'-deoxy-beta-L-uridine (Compound 25) is a nucleoside derivative.

N6,N6-Dimethyladenosine is a modified ribonucleoside previously found in rRNA, and also exhibits in mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Gu??rin tRNA.

Ethynylcytidine is a synthetic cytidine nucleoside containing a covalently bound ethynyl group with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities.

Cytarabine hydrochloride, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM.

7-Methylguanosine is a novel cNIIIB nucleotidase inhibitor with IC50 value of 87.8????7.5??M.

CI 972 is a potent, orally active, and competitive inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) (Ki=0.83 μM) under development as a T cell-selective immunosuppressive agent.

Orotidine is an intermediate in pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in RNA and DNA, and plays a crucial role in contemporary biology.

1-Methylinosine is a modified nucleotide found at position 37 in tRNA 3' to the anticodon of eukaryotic tRNA.

5-Methylcytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside detected in multiple biofluids.

Pseudouridine, the most abundant modified nucleoside in non-coding RNAs, enhances the function of transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA by stabilizing RNA structure.

Isoguanine is a purine base that is an isomer of guanine. A building block in organic synthesis.

1-(2'-O-4-C-Methylene-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)thymine is a bicyclic nucleoside.

5-Aza-7-deazaguanine is a substrate for wild-type (WT) E. coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase and its Ser90Ala mutant in the synthesis of base-modified nucleosides.

Deoxypseudouridine is a nucleotide analog.

seudothymidine is a C-nucleoside analog of thymidine.

2'-Deoxypseudoisocytidine is a nucleoside analogue.

DMTr-LNA-5MeU-3-CED-phosphoramidite is a nucleoside derivative.

Locked nucleic acid 1 is a derivative of LNA-type nucleoside.

6-Amino-5-nitropyridin-2-one is a pyridine base and used as a nucleobase of hachimoji DNA, in which it pairs with 5-aza-7-deazaguanine.

Nucleoside-Analog-2 is a 4'-Azidocytidine analogue against Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication.

Nucleoside-Analog-1 is a 4??-Azidocytidine analogue against Hepatitis C virus replication.

SIBA selectively inhibits spermine synthase, IC50=8 uM.

Forodesine(BCX-1777 freebase; Immucillin-H) is an orally bioavailable PNP inhibitor with picomolar potency; induces apoptosis, mainly in T cells.

Forodesine hydrochloride (BCX-1777) is a highly potent and specific purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor.

2'-Deoxycytidine hydrochloride is composed of the purine nucleoside guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of deoxyribose.

Rabacfosadine (GS-9219), a novel prodrug of the nucleotide analogue PMEG, is designed as a cytotoxic agent that preferentially targets lymphoid cells.

Elacytarabine (CP 4055) is a lipid-conjugated derivative of the nucleoside analog cytarabine. Elacytarabine (CP 4055) is an antineoplastic drug with cytotoxicity in solid tumors.

RX-3117(TV-1360; Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine) is novel a cytidine analog; shows anticancer activity in several cancer cell lines, including gemcitabine-resistant variants.

Tenofovir exalidex, also known as HDP-Tenofovir and CMX-157, is a novel lipid acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that delivers high intracellular concentrations of the active antiviral agent tenofovir.

Riamilovir, also known as Triazavirin, is a nucleoside analogue of nucleic acid and an antiviral agent, works by inhibiting the synthesis of viral RNA and DNA and replication of genomic fragments. Triazavirin is shown active in inhibition of the tick-borne encephalitis virus reproduction (strain Sofiin) by accumulation in the SKEV cell culture.

Adenosine dialdehyde is a purine nucleoside analogue and a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), with a Ki of 3.3 nM. By inhibiting SAHH, it disrupts methylation-dependent processes, contributing to its demonstrated anti-tumor activity in vivo. Adenosine dialdehyde is a valuable tool in cancer research, particularly in studies targeting epigenetic regulation and methylation pathways.

2'-O-Methyl-5-iodouridine is a purine nucleoside analog that exhibits significant antitumor activity, particularly against indolent lymphoid malignancies. Its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of DNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, making it a valuable tool in cancer research. This compound can be utilized in studies aimed at understanding the biochemical pathways of cancer and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

6-Azuridine is a purine nucleoside analog that acts as an effective activator of autophagic flux. It induces apoptosis through AMPK and p53 pathways, demonstrating significant antitumor and antiviral properties. This compound is valuable for research applications in cancer therapy and antiviral studies.

N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog that targets the NF-κB/Smad signaling pathway. This compound demonstrates significant biological activities, including anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, it exhibits insecticidal properties, making it relevant for various research applications in pharmacology and toxicology. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is noted for its oral bioactivity.

CNDAC hydrochloride is a nucleoside analog that exerts its effects by inducing DNA damage and promoting apoptosis in target cells. As a metabolite of the orally active agent Sapacitabine, CNDAC hydrochloride is utilized in research focused on understanding mechanisms of cytotoxicity and exploring potential therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. This compound serves as a valuable tool for studying the impact of nucleoside analogs on cellular processes and DNA integrity.

LCB-2122 is a nucleoside analogue that mimics adenosine and features a C2'-stereogenic all-carbon quaternary center. This compound exhibits protective effects against Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes with an IC50 of 0.5 μM and also mitigates apoptosis induced by Imatinib. LCB-2122 activates AMPK signaling pathways, promoting the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), while reducing mitochondrial damage linked to Doxorubicin treatment. Its biological activities make LCB-2122 a valuable reagent for investigating mechanisms related to heart failure.

CNDAC is a nucleoside analog that functions as a metabolite of the orally active agent Sapacitabine. It effectively induces DNA damage and promotes apoptosis in target cells. This compound is primarily utilized in research applications focused on studying cancer biology, particularly in understanding the mechanisms of DNA repair and the therapeutic potential of nucleoside analogs in cancer treatment.

5'-Deoxy-5'-iodothymidine is a purine nucleoside analog that exhibits significant antitumor activity, particularly against indolent lymphoid malignancies. Its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of DNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, making it a valuable tool for cancer research. This compound is utilized in studies aiming to explore novel therapeutic approaches for lymphoid malignancies.

TLR7 Agonist 9 is a purine nucleoside analog that specifically activates Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7). This compound demonstrates immunostimulatory properties, making it suitable for research in cancer and infectious disease. Additionally, TLR7 Agonist 9 features an alkyne group, facilitating its use in click chemistry for the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with azide-containing molecules.

2-Thiouridine is a purine nucleoside analog that enhances the stability of U:A base pairs while destabilizing U:G wobble base pairs. This modification significantly boosts the efficiency and accuracy of nonenzymatic replication of mixed-sequence A/U-containing RNA templates. Additionally, 2-Thiouridine exhibits notable antiviral activity against a range of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, including Dengue Virus (DENV2), Zika Virus (ZIKV), Yellow Fever Virus (YFV), Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV), West Nile Virus (WNV), Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV), and various human coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.

Sorivudine is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside antimetabolite that exerts its antiviral effects through selective phosphorylation by viral thymidine kinases. This process leads to the formation of nucleotides that disrupt viral DNA synthesis. Sorivudine is primarily used in research applications focusing on antiviral drug development and the mechanisms of viral replication.

2'-O,4'-C-Methyleneadenosine is a locked nucleic acid (LNA) and an adenosine analog that exhibits increased stability and binding affinity for complementary RNA sequences. This compound serves as a valuable tool in nucleic acid research, enabling precise modulation of gene expression and investigation of RNA structures. Its application extends to antisense oligonucleotide design and RNA interference studies, making it essential for researchers exploring RNA-related therapies and molecular diagnostics.

2′-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)guanosine is a nucleoside analogue that features a 2'-O-methoxyethyl modification, serving as a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of nucleic acid therapeutics. This compound is not significantly phosphorylated by cytosolic nucleoside kinases and is not incorporated into cellular DNA or RNA, making it crucial for studies involving nucleoside analogues and their applications in drug design and development. Its unique properties allow for exploration in various biochemical research areas, including antiviral and anticancer drug development.

FF-10502 is a structural analog of Gemcitabine and functions as a pyrimidine nucleoside antimetabolite. It effectively inhibits DNA polymerase α and β, demonstrating significant anticancer activity, particularly in targeting dormant cells. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on cancer therapies and cellular dynamics related to quiescent tumor populations.