Immunology & Inflammation

Items 3151-3200 of 3399

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  1. NOX5 Dehydrogenase Domain Binder

    Saikosaponin bk1 is a specific binder for the dehydrogenase domain of NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5), exhibiting hepatoprotective properties. It forms stable interactions with the NOX5 enzyme derived from Cylindrospermum stagnale, making it a valuable tool in studies of oxidative stress. This compound is particularly relevant in research focused on COVID-19 and alcoholic liver injury, contributing to the understanding of these conditions at a molecular level.
  2. NQO1 Inhibitor

    N-Benzyl-N-demethylpronqodine A is an inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), exhibiting an IC50 value of 83.3 nM. This compound plays a significant role in the study of redox biology and the mechanisms of cellular response to oxidative stress. Its application includes investigating the implications of NQO1 inhibition in various disease models, facilitating research in cancer biology and drug metabolism.
  3. NOX2 Inhibitor

    NOX2-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of NOX2, specifically targeting the p47phox-p22phox protein-protein interaction with a Ki of 0.24 μM. This compound effectively reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production mediated by NOX2 in cellular contexts. NOX2-IN-2 is ideal for research applications focused on oxidative stress, inflammation, and related signaling pathways.
  4. ALK Inhibitor

    TSR-011-isomer is a potent anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 6 nM. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity by undergoing metabolic hydrolysis and NADPH-dependent metabolism, facilitating its clearance in biological systems. TSR-011-isomer is suitable for research focused on ALK-driven cancers, making it a valuable tool for studies in cancer biology and targeted therapy development.
  5. CBR1 Inhibitor

    CBR1-IN-3 is a potent inhibitor of carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1), exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.034 μM. This compound serves as a valuable research tool for studies focusing on the modulation of carbonyl metabolites in various biological systems. Its ability to effectively inhibit CBR1 makes it suitable for investigating the enzyme's role in drug metabolism and potential therapeutic applications.
  6. NADPH Oxidase Inhibitor

    Diapocynin, a dimeric derivative of Apocynin, functions as a potent NADPH oxidase inhibitor. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antioxidant activities, making it valuable for research into oxidative stress, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation-related conditions. Its oral bioavailability enhances its utility in various experimental settings aimed at understanding the role of reactive oxygen species in cellular processes.
  7. NOX2 Inhibitor

    NOX2-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase isoform 2 (NOX2). It effectively disrupts the protein-protein interaction between p47phox and p22phox, demonstrating favorable binding affinities and significant cellular activity. This compound is valuable for research applications focusing on oxidative stress-related diseases and inflammation pathways.
  8. NOX1 Inhibitor

    ML171 analog 1 is a selective inhibitor of NOX1, a member of the NADPH oxidase family implicated in various cellular processes. This compound exhibits significant biological activity in the modulation of reactive oxygen species, making it a valuable tool in cancer research. Its role in inhibiting NOX1 provides insights into oxidative stress related pathways in tumor biology.
  9. Thrombin Inhibitor

    PPACK dihydrochloride is a potent and selective irreversible inhibitor of thrombin. It serves as an alternative anticoagulant to lithium heparin for blood gas and electrolyte analyses in whole blood. Additionally, PPACK dihydrochloride inhibits plasminogen activator (rt-PA), preventing its binding to plasma protease inhibitors. This compound also reduces plasmin-induced endothelial permeability and morphological changes in bovine aortic endothelial cell monolayers, making it suitable for investigations in thrombosis-related research.
  10. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Fendosal is a potent, orally active non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that primarily targets and inhibits Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). It demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity, making it a valuable tool for research in inflammatory disease models and therapeutic applications. Its dual action offers insights into conditions mediated by PAI-1, enhancing the understanding of inflammatory pathways and potential treatments.
  11. PPT1 Inhibitor

    Ezurpimtrostat (hydrochloride) is a potent and selective PPT1 inhibitor with multiple biological activities. It disrupts lysosomal function, modulates autophagy, and induces apoptosis, making it a valuable tool in cancer research and immunology. This compound has demonstrated efficacy in reducing inflammatory markers such as IFN-α and CRP, as well as in lowering viral loads of SARS-CoV-2. Ezurpimtrostat is suitable for investigating conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, hepatocellular carcinoma, fibrosis, and other related disorders.
  12. Non-steroidal Antiinflammatory Agent

    Protizinic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that exerts its effects primarily through the inhibition of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, with an IC50 value of 210 μM. This compound exhibits notable anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties, making it a valuable tool in research focused on inflammatory processes and pain relief mechanisms. It is suitable for studies involving the modulation of inflammatory pathways.
  13. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    BMS-188184 is a type II secretory phospholipase A2 (s-PLA2) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 17 µM. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity, making it a valuable tool for studying various inflammatory conditions. It is particularly useful in research aimed at understanding the role of s-PLA2 in mediating inflammatory processes and potential therapeutic interventions.
  14. FAP Inhibitor

    BR102910 is a selective inhibitor of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) with an IC50 of 2 nM. Additionally, BR102910 exhibits inhibition of prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) with an IC50 of 49.00 μM. This compound is primarily used in research focusing on type 2 diabetes and related metabolic disorders, making it a valuable tool for exploring FAP's role in these conditions.
  15. Keap1-Nrf2 PPI Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-7 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI), exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.45 µM. This compound plays a crucial role in modulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which is essential for cellular responses to oxidative stress. Its application is significant in studies focused on neuroprotection, cancer therapy, and various diseases associated with oxidative damage.
  16. Nrf2 Peptide

    Nrf2 (69-84) is a peptide derived from the Nrf2 protein, featuring the essential ETGE motif critical for binding to the Kelch domain of the Keap1 protein. This peptide serves as a valuable tool for investigating the regulatory functions of Nrf2 in various biological processes, particularly in the context of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory diseases. Its application aids in elucidating the mechanisms by which Nrf2 modulates cellular responses to oxidative stress and inflammation.
  17. Nrf2 Activator

    Nrf2-Activator-12G is a potent activator of Nrf2, a critical transcription factor involved in cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. This compound effectively induces the expression of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes at the mRNA and protein levels in dopaminergic neuronal cells. Nrf2-Activator-12G is applicable in research related to Parkinson's Disease, facilitating studies on oxidative stress and neuroprotection.
  18. Nrf2/ARE Pathway Activator

    (R)-5-Hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-3-heptanone is a diarylheptanoid that serves as an activator of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. This compound demonstrates significant antioxidant properties, alleviating oxidative stress and improving insulin resistance. Its role in enhancing cellular defense mechanisms makes it valuable for research in metabolic disorders and oxidative stress-related conditions.
  19. Keap1-Nrf2 Activator

    Dimethyl fumarate-d6 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Dimethyl fumarate, functioning as a Keap1-Nrf2 pathway activator. This compound enhances the expression of antioxidant genes by stimulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, thereby providing potential protective effects against oxidative stress. It is useful in research focused on oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular response mechanisms.
  20. Anti-inflammatory Drug

    Sanggenon A is an anti-inflammatory compound that modulates the NF-κB and HO-1/Nrf2 signaling pathways, demonstrating significant effects in BV2 and RAW264.7 cells. This reagent effectively inhibits the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide, making it a valuable tool for research into inflammatory processes and potential therapeutic applications in inflammation-related diseases.
  21. Anticancer Agent

    Tigloylgomisin H is a lignan that targets the induction of quinone reductase (QR) activity in Hepa1c1c7 mouse hepatocarcinoma cells. This compound functions as a monofunctional inducer, specifically enhancing the expression of the phase II detoxification enzyme NQO1 via the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-ARE pathway. As a result, Tigloylgomisin H demonstrates potential as a preventive agent against liver cancer, making it valuable for cancer research applications.
  22. Keap1-Nrf2 Activator

    LMDP10 is an orally active 3-amino quinazoline derivative that functions as a Keap1-Nrf2 activator. By binding to Keap1, LMDP10 disrupts the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction, leading to the activation of the Nrf2 pathway. This compound enhances the levels of Nrf2, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH), while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. LMDP10 exhibits potential in mitigating neurodegeneration and improving cognitive function in models of Alzheimer's disease, making it a valuable tool for research in neurodegenerative disorders.
  23. Bioactive Peptide

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-16 is a bioactive peptide that targets the KEAP1 protein to disrupt its interaction with the Nrf2 transcription factor. This inhibition leads to the stabilization and activation of Nrf2, promoting the expression of antioxidant response elements and enhancing cellular defense mechanisms. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-16 is utilized in research applications related to oxidative stress, cellular protection, and neurodegenerative diseases.
  24. Keap1-Nrf2 PPI Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-23 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction, exhibiting an IC50 of 16.0 nM. It demonstrates strong binding affinity to Keap1 with a Kd value of 3.07 nM, making it a valuable tool for research into antioxidant response pathways. This compound is suitable for studies related to cellular defense mechanisms and may have applications in the field of cancer research and neurodegenerative diseases.
  25. Ligand for Target Protein for PROTAC

    Nrf2 activator-22 is a ligand specifically targeting the Nrf2 protein, playing a crucial role in the development of PROTAC-based therapeutics. This compound facilitates the synthesis of PROTAC K-Ras Degrader-7, highlighting its potential in targeted protein degradation research. Nrf2 activator-22 is valuable for studies aimed at manipulating oxidative stress responses and related signaling pathways.
  26. Nrf2 Activator

    Nrf2 activator-5 is a potent activator of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. This compound effectively reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in BV-2 microglial cells. Nrf2 activator-5 demonstrates significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it valuable for research into neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
  27. Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-3 is a selective inhibitor targeting the KEAP1-NRF2 protein-protein interaction, demonstrating a Kd value of 2.5 nM for KEAP1. This compound enhances NRF2 activity, leading to elevated expression of antioxidant response genes. It is valuable for research applications focused on oxidative stress, cancer biology, and neuroprotection, providing insights into mechanisms influencing cellular defense pathways.
  28. Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-28 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway. This compound exhibits significant antioxidant activity by promoting the upregulation of Nrf2 and its downstream targets, including HO-1, GCLM, and Akr1c1. Additionally, Keap1-Nrf2-IN-28 has been shown to mitigate acute liver injury induced by acetaminophen, making it a valuable tool in research related to oxidative stress and liver protection.
  29. Nrf2 Activator

    Fraxinellone analog 1 is a potent Nrf2 activator that enhances the antioxidant defense system and protects against glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. This compound induces the expression of key antioxidant genes, including Gpx4, Sod1, and Nqo1, demonstrating neuroprotective effects and regulatory capabilities against oxidative stress and inflammation. Fraxinellone analog 1 is valuable for research applications focused on neurodegenerative diseases and related oxidative stress models.
  30. Keap1-Nrf2 PPI Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI), with an IC50 of 4.1 µM and a Kd of 3.7 µM. This compound enhances Nrf2 activity, promoting the expression of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes. It serves as a valuable tool for research into oxidative stress, neuroprotection, and cancer therapeutics.
  31. Nrf2 Activator

    Nrf2 activator 17 is a potent activator of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, functioning by inhibiting the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 with an IC50 of less than 0.1 pM. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity, exhibiting an EC50 of less than 10 µM in HepG2 cells. Nrf2 activator 17 is utilized in research applications focused on oxidative stress, cellular protection, and the study of Nrf2-related pathways in various disease models.
  32. Nrf2 Activator

    Nrf2 activator-20 is a potent Nrf2 activator that enhances anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses by disrupting the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction. It has demonstrated beneficial effects in vivo, making it suitable for research applications involving acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and ischemia-reperfusion injury. This reagent serves as a valuable tool for studying the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation pathways in various biological contexts.
  33. Nrf2 Activator

    R079 is a selective, orally active Nrf2 activator that enhances Nrf2 translocation with an EC50 of 32.41 μM. By activating Nrf2, R079 effectively neutralizes excess reactive oxygen species, contributing to its anti-inflammatory properties. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research into oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions, including multiple sclerosis.
  34. Keap1-Nrf2 Probe

    Keap1-Nrf2 Probe is designed to selectively bind to the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), modulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. By inhibiting Keap1 function, this probe enhances the transcription of antioxidant response elements, promoting cellular defense against oxidative stress. It is valuable for research on oxidative stress-related diseases, drug discovery targeting the Nrf2 pathway, and studying cellular mechanisms involved in stress responses.
  35. Nrf2 Activator

    Rosolic acid is a potent activator of Nrf2, leading to the upregulation of its downstream targets. This compound has been shown to enhance levels of angiogenic factors while reducing inflammation markers such as TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as apoptotic markers like CXCL10 and CCL2. Additionally, rosolic acid aids in restoring pancreatic cell function and offers protective effects on endothelial cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress. Its applications include studies on oxidative stress, inflammation modulation, and cellular protection mechanisms.
  36. Keap1-Nrf2 PPI Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-8 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction, demonstrating IC50 values of 64.5 nM and 14.2 nM in fluorescence polarization and time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer assays, respectively. This compound effectively enhances the mRNA expression of key Nrf2 target genes, including GSTM3, HMOX2, and NQO1. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-8 is instrumental in research focused on oxidative stress response and cellular defense mechanisms.
  37. Nrf2 Activator

    2-Trifluoromethyl-2'-methoxychalcone is a chalcone derivative that functions as a potent activator of the Nrf2 pathway. This compound promotes the expression of antioxidant proteins and plays a crucial role in cellular protection against oxidative stress. It is particularly relevant for research applications focused on diseases linked to oxidative stress and inflammation.
  38. Keap1-Nrf2 PPI Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-15 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction, exhibiting IC50 values of 77 nM in fluorescence polarization (FP) assays and 2.5 nM in time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) assays. This compound enhances the activation of the Nrf2 pathway, which plays a critical role in cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and inflammation. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-15 is a valuable tool for research applications focused on neuroprotection, cancer therapy, and the modulation of antioxidant responses.
  39. Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-12 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction, exhibiting an IC50 value of 2.30 µM. This compound effectively modulates the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which is critical for cellular defense against oxidative stress. Additionally, Keap1-Nrf2-IN-12 demonstrates metabolic stability in human liver microsomes, making it a valuable tool for research applications focused on oxidative stress response and related therapeutic targets.
  40. Flavone Glycoside

    Carlinoside is a flavone glycoside that exhibits hepatoprotective properties. It effectively reduces hepatic bilirubin accumulation by enhancing bilirubin-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activity through the activation of Nrf2 gene expression. This compound holds potential for the management of hyperbilirubinemia associated with liver dysfunction.
  41. Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-22 is a selective inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction, exhibiting a KD2 value of 42.2 nM for Keap1. This compound is valuable for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of oxidative stress and cytoprotection in cellular environments. Key research applications include the study of acute lung injury (ALI) and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, where modulation of the Nrf2 pathway may provide therapeutic insights.
  42. KEAP1 Inhibitor

    Keap1-IN-2 is a potent KEAP1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 2 nM, designed to indirectly activate Nrf2. By inhibiting KEAP1, this compound enhances cellular antioxidant capacity and promotes the accumulation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, preventing its degradation. Keap1-IN-2 is applicable in research exploring diseases linked to oxidative stress, including inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, and immune disorders such as ulcerative colitis.
  43. Nrf-2 Activator

    TPNA10168 is an Nrf-2 activator that enhances the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. It exhibits neuroprotective properties against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage and significantly downregulates the expression of inflammatory genes such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS. TPNA10168 is suitable for research applications focused on anti-inflammatory responses and neurological disorders.
  44. Antioxidant Agent

    WN1316 is an orally active antioxidant agent that exhibits neuroprotective properties. It is primarily utilized in research focused on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), making it a valuable tool for studying neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress in neuronal cells.
  45. Nrf2 Activator

    CPDT is a potent activator of the transcription factor Nrf2, which plays a crucial role in cellular defense mechanisms. It significantly induces the expression of phase 2 enzymes, including glutathione S-transferase, NAD(P)H:quinone:oxidoreductase 1, and glutamate cysteine synthetase. Research demonstrates that CPDT enhances glutathione levels in rat bladder in vivo and in cultured bladder cells in vitro, highlighting its potential applications in studies of oxidative stress and antioxidant responses.
  46. Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitor

    Keap1-Nrf2-IN-17 is a potent inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction. This compound enhances the activation of the Nrf2 pathway, which plays a critical role in cellular defense against oxidative stress and inflammation. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-17 is valuable for research applications focused on understanding the mechanisms of oxidative stress response and exploring therapeutic options for related diseases.
  47. Anti-inflammatory agent

    N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is an anti-inflammatory agent that primarily inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway. Its ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier and function as an FDA-approved drug excipient enhances its utility in various research contexts. DMAc is particularly relevant for investigating the mechanisms of weight gain related to high-fat diets and exploring neuroinflammation associated with Alzheimer's disease.
  48. Anti-Oxidative/Inflammatory Agent

    Sulfuretin is a potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory agent that inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway. It demonstrates efficacy in reducing oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis, making it relevant for research in allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin acts as a competitive inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities, with an IC50 of 13.64 μM, underscoring its significance in exploring inflammatory responses and oxidative damage in biochemical studies.
  49. NF-κB Inhibitor

    NF-κB-IN-4 is a potent inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway, demonstrating significant blood-brain barrier permeability. This compound exhibits anti-neuroinflammatory activity through its ability to block the phosphorylation and activation of IκBα, thereby reducing NLRP3 expression and inhibiting NF-κB activation. NF-κB-IN-4 is suitable for research applications related to neuroinflammatory diseases, providing a valuable tool for therapeutic investigations.
  50. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Anti-inflammatory Agent 51 is an amide/sulfonamide derivative that functions primarily as an anti-inflammatory agent. This compound effectively inhibits the activation of NF-κB, making it a valuable tool for research into conditions such as acute lung injury and ulcerative colitis. Its ability to modulate inflammatory pathways positions it as a significant reagent for studying inflammatory diseases and therapeutic interventions.

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