Isotope-Labeled Compounds

13,14-Dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin D2-d9 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin D2, which acts as a selective agonist for the DP2 receptor. This compound is a key metabolite produced via the 15-hydroxyl PGDH pathway and is valuable for studying prostaglandin signaling. Its ability to inhibit ion flux in canine colonic mucosa makes it pertinent for gastrointestinal and inflammation research applications.

3-epi-Calcifediol is the C-3 epimer of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, acting as a stable isotope for research applications. This compound has been shown to reduce serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in male weanling rats when administered dietary doses of 0.5 and 1 IU/g, suggesting its potential role in calcium regulation and bone metabolism studies. Its unique properties make it a valuable tool for investigating the biological effects of vitamin D metabolism.

6β-Naltrexol-d3 is a deuterium-labeled form of 6β-Naltrexol, a potent peripherally selective opioid antagonist derived from Naltrexone. This compound selectively inhibits gastrointestinal opioid effects, making it useful in the study of opioid receptor functionality and gastrointestinal motility. Research applications include investigating the modulation of opioid effects on gastrointestinal transit and exploring potential therapeutic strategies for opioid-induced constipation.

O-Desmethyl Tramadol-d6 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of O-Desmethyl Tramadol, which acts primarily as an active metabolite of Tramadol. It is known to exert its analgesic effects through selective interaction with the μ-opioid receptor. This compound serves as a valuable tool in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research, particularly in elucidating the metabolic pathways involving cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 enzyme activity.

Naltrexone-d4 is a deuterated analogue of Naltrexone, serving as a stable isotope used in metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies. Its primary mechanism involves antagonism of opioid receptors, making it valuable in researching opioid receptor dynamics and the pharmacological profiles of opioid-related compounds. This reagent is essential for studies requiring precise isotopic labeling and tracing in biological systems, enhancing the understanding of drug metabolism and interactions.

Tricosanoic acid-d3 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Tricosanoic acid, which acts as an endogenous agonist of long-chain saturated fatty acids and activates the free fatty acid receptor FFAR1. This compound has been shown to promote hair growth and enhance cognitive function by modulating neuronal membrane fluidity, inhibiting neuroinflammatory responses, and contributing to myelination and neuronal energy metabolism. In Alzheimer's disease models, Tricosanoic acid levels are significantly lower in the prefrontal cortex, while higher serum concentrations are associated with improved cognitive performance. As such, Tricosanoic acid serves as a valuable biomarker for conditions related to cognitive decline.

Deoxycholic acid-d4 is a deuterated form of deoxycholic acid, functioning as a stable isotope for research applications. It specifically activates the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5, which plays a crucial role in stimulating thermogenic activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT). This compound is valuable in studies focused on metabolic processes, energy expenditure, and the modulation of thermogenesis.

Deoxycholic acid-13C is a stable isotope-labeled form of Deoxycholic acid, known for its role in activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5. This activation enhances the thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT), making it a valuable tool for research into metabolic processes and energy expenditure. The use of Deoxycholic acid-13C in studies can aid in understanding the mechanisms of energy regulation and the potential therapeutic roles of bile acids in metabolic disorders.

Deoxycholic acid-d5 is a deuterated form of deoxycholic acid, a bile acid that serves as a stable isotope for research applications. As a ligand for the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5, it plays a crucial role in modulating metabolic processes, particularly by stimulating thermogenic activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT). This compound is valuable for studies investigating metabolic regulation and fat dynamics in physiological and pathological conditions.

Deoxycholic acid-d6 is a deuterated form of deoxycholic acid, which serves as a stable isotope for various research applications. This compound primarily activates the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5, playing a crucial role in stimulating thermogenic activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Deoxycholic acid-d6 can be utilized in metabolic studies and investigations into energy homeostasis and obesity-related conditions.

Ursodeoxycholic acid-13C is a stable isotope-labeled variant of ursodeoxycholic acid, a secondary bile acid that plays a crucial role in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and lipid metabolism. It functions as a signaling molecule through interactions with bile acid-activated receptors, including the G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 5 (TGR5) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). This compound is widely utilized in research applications related to hepatic and gastrointestinal diseases, allowing for insightful studies into bile acid metabolism and related pathologies.

Cholic acid 7-sulfate-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of cholic acid 7-sulfate, a selective agonist for the TGR5 receptor with an EC50 of 0.17 μM. This compound plays a crucial role in stimulating GLP-1 secretion and enhancing glucose tolerance through its action on enteroendocrine L cells. Additionally, cholic acid 7-sulfate-d4 serves as an endogenous ligand for MHC class I-related protein (MR1), influencing the development and function of mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT). It is primarily utilized in research focused on diabetes and immune regulation related to MAIT cells.

GLP-1 receptor agonist 17-d3 is a deuterium-labeled compound that targets the GLP-1 receptor, serving as a critical tool in the study of GLP-1 receptor activation. This isotopically enriched agonist plays a significant role in the investigation of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, providing insights into GLP-1 signaling pathways and their therapeutic implications. Its unique labeling allows for enhanced tracking and identification in biological assays, facilitating advanced research in the field of metabolic health.

Elagolix-d9 is a deuterium-labeled version of Elagolix, a selective, non-peptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH receptor) antagonist with a binding affinity (KD) of 54 pM. This stable isotope is valuable for studies related to endometriosis-associated pain, enabling researchers to track metabolic pathways and enhance understanding of GnRH receptor modulation. Elagolix-d9 serves as a useful tool for elucidating the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential in reproductive health research.

Monomethyl fumarate-d3 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of monomethyl fumarate, a potent agonist of the GPR109A receptor. This compound engages in various neuroprotective pathways and is investigated for its therapeutic applications in retinal disease models. Monomethyl fumarate-d3 serves as a valuable stable isotope for tracing studies in chemical research.

Monomethyl fumarate-d2 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of monomethyl fumarate, functioning primarily as a stable isotope. This compound is recognized as a potent agonist of GPR109A, offering significant neuroprotective properties. It has been applied in diverse research contexts, including studies on neuroprotection and retinal disease models, to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathways.

Monomethyl fumarate-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Monomethyl fumarate, serving as a stable isotope for research applications. This compound acts as a potent agonist of the GPR109A receptor, contributing to various neuroprotective effects. It is particularly relevant for studies involving neurodegenerative diseases and retinal conditions, offering insights into multiple therapeutic pathways.

Lansoprazole sulfide-13C6 is a stable isotope-labeled compound derived from Lansoprazole sulfide. This deuterated variant serves as a valuable tracer in metabolic studies, particularly in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic research. It facilitates the investigation of drug metabolism pathways and the quantification of metabolites in biological systems, helping to enhance the understanding of pharmacological effects.

Omeprazole sulfone-d3 is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole. This compound serves as a labeled metabolite, allowing for precise pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic tracking of omeprazole in biological samples. Its incorporation in research facilitates the investigation of metabolic pathways and the understanding of drug interactions and efficacy in various biological systems.

5-Hydroxyomeprazole-d3-1 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of 5-Hydroxyomeprazole, primarily utilized as a stable isotope for quantitative analysis in pharmacokinetic studies. This reagent facilitates the assessment of drug metabolism and disposition by serving as an internal standard in mass spectrometry applications. Its unique labeling allows for enhanced sensitivity and specificity in tracking metabolic pathways and drug interactions in biological systems.

Mono(5-carboxy-2-ethylpentyl) phthalate-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Mono(5-carboxy-2-ethylpentyl) phthalate, a key metabolite of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). This stable isotope is utilized in analytical research to trace metabolic pathways and determine the fate of DEHP in biological systems. Its applications extend to environmental studies assessing plasticizer impacts and human health risk assessments related to phthalate exposure.

Metoprolol EP impurity O-d7 hydrochloride is a deuterium-labeled impurity of Metoprolol, specifically the 3,3'-(Isopropylazanediyl)bis(1-(4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy)propan-2-ol). This stable isotope variant is utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research, aiding in the investigation of drug metabolism and distribution. Its unique isotopic labeling enables precise tracking in biological systems, making it an essential tool for researchers studying cardiovascular pharmacology and related fields.

Disulfiram impurity 1-d10 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Disulfiram impurity 1. This stable isotope is utilized in various analytical applications, including mass spectrometry and tracer studies in biological research. Its incorporation allows for precise tracking and characterization of metabolic processes involving Disulfiram, facilitating studies on its pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of action.

Sulindac Sulfone-d6 is a deuterated form of Sulindac sulfone, a known inhibitor of the mTORC1 signaling pathway. This compound exhibits significant biological activity by inhibiting the growth of colon cancer cells and inducing cell cycle arrest. It is a valuable tool in cancer research, particularly for studies investigating the mechanisms of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.

Tazarotenic acid-d6 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Tazarotenic acid, which acts primarily as a selective agonist for retinoic acid receptors (RARs). Its mechanism of action involves modulation of gene expression linked to cellular differentiation and proliferation. This compound is particularly useful for investigating the biological pathways of retinoid action and has potential applications in researching conditions such as warty dyskeratoma.

Isonicotinic acid-d4 is a deuterium-labeled analogue of isonicotinic acid, which serves as a metabolite of isoniazid. This stable isotope is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolomics research. Notably, derivatives of isonicotinic acid, such as enisamium, have demonstrated the ability to inhibit the replication of various subtypes of the influenza A virus, making this compound valuable for antiviral research and development.

Ivabradine impurity 7-d6 is a stable isotope-labeled form of Ivabradine impurity 7, featuring deuterium substitution. This compound serves as a key reference standard in mass spectrometry and analytical chemistry applications, facilitating the study of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Its use in research ensures accurate validation of results when investigating the biochemical pathways involved in cardiovascular responses and related disorders.

Desmethyl Erlotinib-d4-1 is a deuterated analog of Desmethyl Erlotinib, classified as a stable isotope. This compound is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies, enabling accurate tracking of drug metabolism and distribution in biological systems. Its incorporation of deuterium allows for enhanced sensitivity in analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry, making it a valuable reagent for researchers studying therapeutic efficacy and drug interactions in various experimental settings.

3,4-Dehydro Cilostazol-d11 is a deuterated derivative of 3,4-Dehydro Cilostazol, an active metabolite of Cilostazol. This stable isotope is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies to trace the metabolic pathways and quantify the distribution of Cilostazol in biological systems. Its application supports research in cardiovascular health and drug metabolism.

O-Desmethyl Mebeverine acid-d6 is a deuterated form of O-desmethyl Mebeverine acid, serving as a stable isotope. This compound is utilized primarily in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling. Its isotopic labeling facilitates the analysis of drug metabolism and interactions in various biological systems.

Omeprazole sulfone-13C,d3 is a stable isotope-labeled metabolite of Omeprazole, featuring both deuterium and carbon-13 isotopic substitutions. This compound is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and tracer experiments to investigate the metabolism of Omeprazole. Its unique isotopic composition facilitates accurate monitoring and quantification of drug metabolism and disposition in biological systems.

Dimesna-d8 is a deuterium-labeled stable isotope of Dimesna. This compound primarily serves to mitigate nephrotoxicity associated with anticancer chemotherapeutic agents. Its incorporation into research can enhance the understanding of drug interactions and toxicological profiles, providing valuable insights in cancer treatment and renal protection studies.

Calcitriol-d9 (1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-d9) is a deuterium-labeled form of Calcitriol, the active metabolite of vitamin D and a selective agonist of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). This stable isotope is instrumental in biochemical research, particularly in studies focusing on vitamin D metabolism, signaling pathways, and the modulation of calcium homeostasis. It serves as a valuable tool for elucidating the physiological roles of vitamin D in various biological processes and disease states.

7-Aminonimetazepam-d3 is a deuterium-labeled analog of 7-Aminonimetazepam, a known metabolite of Nimetazepam. This stable isotope is utilized in pharmacokinetic studies, particularly for drug metabolism research and biomarker detection in biological samples. Its incorporation allows for enhanced sensitivity and accuracy in analytical techniques, including mass spectrometry.

4'-Hydroxytamoxifen-d6 is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of 4'-Hydroxy Tamoxifen, which is a key active metabolite of Tamoxifen. This compound is primarily used in biomedical research to study estrogen receptor modulation and its effects on cancer cell proliferation. The deuterium labeling allows for enhanced tracking and quantification in pharmacokinetic studies, aiding in the understanding of drug metabolism and efficacy in therapeutic applications.

4-Hydroxyphenylbutazone-d9 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of 4-Hydroxyphenylbutazone, a known metabolite of Phenylbutazone. This compound acts as an effective reducing cofactor for the peroxidase activity of prostaglandin H synthase (PHS), making it valuable for studying the enzymatic mechanisms involved in NSAID metabolism. It is useful in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling, facilitating research in inflammation and pain management.

2-Hydroxy atorvastatin-d5 is a stable isotope-labeled form of 2-Hydroxy atorvastatin, a hydroxy metabolite of atorvastatin calcium salt. This compound acts as a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, with an IC50 value of 8 nM, making it a valuable tool for studying lipid metabolism and cholesterol regulation. It is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies, metabolic profiling, and the development of analytical methods for atorvastatin and its metabolites.

N-Desethyl Sunitinib-d5 hydrochloride is a deuterated analog of N-Desethyl Sunitinib, a significant metabolite of the multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, sunitinib. This compound functions primarily as a stable isotope for quantitative analysis in pharmacokinetic studies. It demonstrates potent inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) as well as platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) and KIT, making it useful in research involving angiogenesis and tumor progression.

Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2)-13C,d3 is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2), which is an active metabolite of the multi-targeted kinase inhibitor Regorafenib. This compound primarily exerts its biological activity by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR1/2/3), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ), and other key oncogenic drivers, thereby affecting cellular proliferation and survival pathways. Regorafénib's inhibition profile includes IC50 values of 13, 4.2, 46, 22, 7, 1.5, and 2.5 nM for its various targets, making it a valuable tool in cancer research and therapeutic studies.

Threo-dihydrobupropion-d9 hydrochloride is a stable isotope-labeled analogue of Threo-dihydrobupropion hydrochloride, the primary metabolite of the antidepressant bupropion. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research into depression, behavioral studies, and biochemical assays. Its labeled form enables enhanced tracking and analysis in pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies, providing insights into the drug metabolism and effects of bupropion in various biological contexts.

2-(Benzhydrylsulfinyl)acetic acid-d10 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of 2-(Benzhydrylsulfinyl)acetic acid, also known as Modafinil acid. This stable isotope is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research to trace the bioavailability and metabolism of modafinil in biological systems. Its incorporation allows for detailed analysis of metabolic pathways and enhances the accuracy of pharmacological research applications.

N-Deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin-d3 is a deuterium-labeled analog of N-Deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin, a primary metabolite of indomethacin that lacks the N-p-chlorobenzoyl group. This compound is utilized as a stable isotope in biomedical research, particularly for studies involving metabolic pathways and pharmacokinetics. Due to its structural modifications, N-Deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin-d3 exhibits diminished inhibitory activity against the enzymes AKR1C2 and AKR1C3, providing a useful reference for understanding drug metabolism and interactions in scientific investigations.

Megestrol-d3 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of megestrol, a synthetic progestin. It is primarily used in research to study metabolic processes and the pharmacokinetics of megestrol. This stable isotope-labeled compound can aid in investigations concerning its effects on appetite stimulation, weight gain, and its therapeutic applications in conditions such as anorexia and cachexia.

Quetiapine Sulfoxide-d8 is a deuterated analog of Quetiapine sulfoxide, a primary metabolite of the second-generation antipsychotic Quetiapine. This compound acts as a 5-HT receptor agonist and dopamine receptor antagonist, playing a critical role in the pharmacokinetic studies of Quetiapine metabolism. Quetiapine Sulfoxide-d8 is commonly utilized in research applications involving drug metabolism, pharmacology, and analytical chemistry, particularly in the development and validation of quantitation methods in biological samples.

N-Desmethyl zopiclone-d8 is a deuterium-labeled form of Norzopiclone, the inactive metabolite of the sleep aid Zopiclone. This stable isotope is utilized in pharmacokinetic studies to trace the metabolic pathways of Zopiclone. Additionally, Norzopiclone exhibits mild anxiolytic properties, making this compound relevant for research into sleep disorders and anxiety treatments.

Glycidamide-13C3 is a stable isotope-labeled form of Glycidamide, a known genotoxic metabolite of Acrylamide. This compound exhibits the ability to interact with biomolecules, such as DNA and proteins, leading to potential genotoxic effects. Glycidamide-13C3 is valuable for research applications involving metabolic studies, biomarker analysis, and the investigation of acrylamide-related toxicity mechanisms.

N-Desethyl Sunitinib-d4 TFA is a deuterium-labeled analog of N-Desethyl Sunitinib, designed for use as a stable isotope in chemical research. This reagent serves as an important tool for pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies, enabling accurate tracking of drug distribution and metabolism in biological systems. Its stable isotope nature allows for precise quantification in mass spectrometry applications.

p,p'-DDE-13C12 is a stable isotope-labeled variant of p,p'-DDE, a well-known metabolite of the persistent pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). This compound functions as a potent antagonist of the androgen receptor, exhibiting an IC50 value of 5 μM and a Ki of 3.5 μM. p,p'-DDE-13C12 can be utilized in biological research to study endocrine disruption and receptor signaling pathways related to androgen activity.

Desmethyl Erlotinib-d4 is a deuterium-labeled form of Desmethyl Erlotinib, an active metabolite of the potent EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor Erlotinib. This stable isotope serves as a valuable tool in pharmacokinetic studies and can be utilized in click chemistry applications, particularly in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc). The incorporation of an alkyne group enables specific labeling and tracking of biomolecules in various research contexts.

S 8849-1-d4 free base is a stable isotope-labeled form of S 8849-1, a metabolite of Tianeptine. Functioning as a valuable reference compound, this deuterium-labeled version enables enhanced tracking and quantification of the metabolite in pharmacokinetic studies. Research involving S 8849-1-d4 free base contributes to understanding the metabolic pathways of antidepressants and may aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies in treating depression.