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β-Galactosidase Substrate
ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) serves as a colorimetric and spectrophotometric substrate for β-galactosidase detection. This compound is hydrolyzed by β-galactosidase to release o-nitrophenol, resulting in a measurable color change, making it useful for quantifying enzyme activity in various biological assays. Its applications extend to molecular biology, microbiology, and enzymology research, facilitating studies on gene expression and metabolic functions. -
Ca2+ Chelator
EGTA-AM is a membrane-permeable calcium (Ca2+) chelator that facilitates passive loading into cells, providing intracellular chelation of calcium ions. This compound exhibits slow chelating dynamics, making it suitable for experiments requiring sustained modulation of intracellular calcium levels. EGTA-AM is widely used in studies of cellular signaling, muscle contraction, and neuronal activity, where precise control of Ca2+ concentration is crucial for understanding various physiological processes. -
Protein Modification Agent
N-Succinimidyl-S-acetylthioacetate (SATA) is a protein modification agent that introduces protected sulfhydryl groups to proteins and amine-containing molecules. This functionality facilitates the thiolation of antibodies, enhancing their conjugation capabilities to various targets. SATA is particularly useful in applications such as immunoassays, including ELISA, where efficient antibody attachment is crucial for accurate detection and quantification. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
Phosphatidylglycerols (egg) sodium salt is a biochemical assay reagent that selectively targets the TLR4 accessory protein CD14/MD-2 complex, effectively inhibiting LPS or virus-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways through competitive binding. This compound directly interacts with viral particles, blocking infection and reducing COX-2 expression to lower the release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8. Additionally, it enhances oxidative stress response by promoting mitochondrial membrane phospholipid remodeling. Phosphatidylglycerols are applicable in research related to chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, and respiratory viral infections such as RSV. -
Photoinitiator
TPO-L is a photoinitiator designed for two-photon induced polymerization in 3D resin printing applications. It features a maximum two-photon absorption cross-section of 1.2 GM at 610 nm, which enables efficient polymerization under appropriate light conditions. Despite its relatively low absorption cross-section, TPO-L demonstrates high quantum yields for polymerization, making it suitable for precise and effective 3D printing processes. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
Gelucire 44/14 is a versatile biochemical assay reagent recognized for its role as an absorption enhancer. It effectively improves the bioavailability of poorly soluble agents, including insulin and calcitonin, through pulmonary delivery. This compound is essential in research applications focused on enhancing drug absorption and developing innovative delivery systems. -
Buffer Agent
PIPES (1,4-Piperazinediethanesulfonic acid) serves as a buffering agent primarily used to maintain stable pH conditions in biochemical and molecular biology experiments. It effectively buffers in the physiological pH range, making it suitable for studies involving enzymatic reactions, cell culture, and protein interactions. PIPES is particularly valuable in applications where minimal ionic strength alteration is crucial, thereby supporting reliable experimental outcomes. -
Inflammation Inducer
Thioglycolate sodium is an inflammation inducer that stimulates neutrophil and macrophage recruitment in vivo. This reagent is commonly utilized in research to induce peritonitis, allowing for the study of inflammatory responses and mechanisms in various biological contexts. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
Tetrabutylammonium fluoride, a highly soluble quaternary ammonium salt, serves as a key biochemical assay reagent primarily by providing fluoride ions for nucleophilic substitution reactions. Its excellent solubility in polar solvents enables efficient participation in diverse organic synthesis applications, including the activation of selective chemical bonds. Additionally, this compound may function as a catalyst in organic reactions or as an electrolyte in electrochemical systems, making it a versatile tool for advanced research in chemical and materials science. -
Plant Agglutinin
N-Iodosuccinimide is a potent oxidizing agent that targets plant agglutinin, playing a critical role in glycoprotein modifications. It exhibits useful biological activity in protein conjugation and is often utilized in various biochemical assays. This compound is particularly relevant in the study of carbohydrate-protein interactions and can facilitate glycosylation studies essential for understanding plant biology and bioengineering applications. -
Emulsifier
Polyglycerol-polyricinoleate (PGPR) functions as an effective emulsifier, primarily utilized in food formulations. This compound enhances the texture and stability of various food products, contributing to improved quality and shelf-life. Additionally, PGPR is applicable in research areas focusing on food science, material science, and formulation development. -
Immunological Sensitizer
HBTU (N-HBTU) is a guanidinium-based peptide coupling reagent and immunological sensitizer. It is commonly employed in automated solid-phase peptide synthesis, particularly in the Fmoc/tBu strategy, effectively facilitating peptide coupling reactions when used with bases like DIPEA. HBTU is not recommended for sterically hindered amino acids or dipeptide derivatives, yet it serves as a valuable tool in investigating the pathogenesis of allergic reactions, including rhinitis, dermatitis, and bronchial asthma. -
Buffer
Bis-Tris is an amine buffer effective for protein and nucleic acid systems, functioning within a pH range of 5.8 to 7.2. It can be combined with HEPES and cacodylic acid to achieve a pH of 8, facilitating the monitoring of fluorescence emission intensity at 305 nm. Additionally, gels prepared with Bis-Tris minimize protein degradation in samples maintained at higher pH levels (pH 8.5), making it a valuable reagent for various biochemical assays and analytical applications. -
Biochemical Reagent
Ammonium acetate is a biochemical reagent that serves as a versatile buffer and a source of ammonium ions in molecular biology applications. It facilitates various laboratory processes such as nucleic acid purification, protein precipitation, and enzymatic reactions. Its high purity of 98% makes it suitable for sensitive biological experiments and research requiring minimal background interference. -
Tracer
Sulfo-NHS-Biotin sodium is a biotinylation reagent that serves as a tracer for evaluating blood-brain barrier permeability. This low-molecular-weight compound facilitates the covalent attachment of biotin to primary amines, thereby enabling the detection and quantification of biomolecules in a variety of biological assays. Its application is critical in studies related to drug delivery and central nervous system research. -
Cross-Linker
N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide hydrochloride is a selective cross-linker that covalently binds to thiol groups, creating irreversible thioether bonds. This reagent facilitates the preparation of MMP-2-sensitive nanosystems and can modify polymers or biological interfaces, enhancing mucosal adhesion and regulating surface charge. It is particularly valuable in transmucosal drug delivery systems and biomaterial surface engineering, optimizing the performance of drug delivery carriers and improving cell interactions at biological interfaces to support tissue implantation and regeneration. -
Lys-C Protease
Endoproteinase Lys-C is a lysine-specific protease that cleaves proteins at the C-terminal side of lysine residues. It is widely utilized in protein sequencing and characterization, facilitating the analysis of protein structure and function. This enzyme is essential for generating peptide fragments suitable for mass spectrometry and various proteomic applications. -
Silanization Agent
3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) serves as an effective silanization agent, facilitating the immobilization of biomolecules such as antibodies and enzymes onto silicon and its derivatives, including silicon nitride (Si3N4). By acting as a spacer, APTES enhances the spatial freedom of immobilized biomolecules, which can lead to improved specific activity. The use of APTES in developing bioanalytical platforms enhances stability, sensitivity, and biocompatibility, making it a valuable reagent for various applications in surface modification and nanotechnology. -
Enzyme
Pectinase (EC 3.2.1.15) is an enzyme derived from Aspergillus niger that catalyzes the hydrolysis of pectic substances. This enzyme plays a crucial role in cell wall metabolism, influencing processes such as fruit ripening, cell growth, senescence, and pathogen response. Pectinase is widely utilized in various research applications, including studies on plant biology, fruit processing, and microbial interactions. -
Iodide Salt
Sodium Iodide is an iodide salt known for its role in thyroid hormone regulation and oxidative stress protection. This compound effectively scavenges hydrogen peroxide, thereby mitigating oxidative damage to tissues. It plays a crucial role in maintaining levels of the thyroid hormone T3, making it valuable for studies related to thyroid function and cardiac health, including its use in alleviating acute myocardial infarction. -
Amphoteric Ionic Compound
Carboxybetaine methacrylate is an amphoteric ionic compound known for its superior hydrophilicity, antistatic properties, and biocompatibility. This versatile reagent is utilized in the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery systems, enhancing the performance and functionality of biomaterials in various research applications. Its unique properties make it an essential component for scientists studying advanced biomedical applications. -
Reagent
2-Iminothiolane hydrochloride is a reagent that facilitates the introduction of sulfhydryl groups into oligosaccharides, particularly those derived from asparagine-linked glycans. This compound is instrumental in enhancing the ability to manipulate and analyze glycan structures in various biological research applications. Its utility spans the field of glycomics, allowing for insights into glycan functioning and interaction in cellular processes. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
EDTA disodium, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium, functions as a versatile chelating agent that effectively binds metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, and iron. Its primary applications include use as a reagent in biochemical and biomedical research, serving as a stabilizer in pharmaceuticals, and acting as a preservative in food and beverage products. Additionally, EDTA disodium has been investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in conditions such as heavy metal toxicity and cardiovascular diseases. -
Kcr Activator
Croconic acid disodium is a potent activator of lysine crotonylation (Kcr), promoting cell growth and proliferation through the upregulation of genes associated with Kcr modification. This compound is particularly relevant for enhancing the efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and optimizing conditions in cell culture studies, making it a valuable reagent for researchers focused on cellular dynamics and development. -
Surfactant
Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) functions as a surfactant, primarily targeting lipid membranes and interfaces. It has been shown to interact with DNA, altering its mechanical properties upon binding and influencing the specific binding parameters of these interactions. DTAB is widely utilized in biochemical research involving DNA manipulation, membrane studies, and the development of drug delivery systems. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
mPEG-Mal (MW 5000) is a PEG-derived selective covalent binding agent targeting sulfhydryl groups, facilitating irreversible thioether bond formation under near-neutral conditions. This reagent serves dual roles: as an enzyme modifier, it alters protein secondary structures through interactions such as hydrophobicity and hydrogen bonding, and as a nanoparticle surface modifier, it enhances macrophage phagocytosis by covalently binding to red blood cell surface sulfhydryl groups. mPEG-Mal (MW 5000) increases the apparent molecular weight of modified proteins, bolsters enzyme thermal stability and activity, and enhances nanoparticle targeting in drug delivery. Its applications extend to enzyme engineering in the food industry and oncology research, contributing to improved radiotherapy outcomes by modulating macrophage infiltration and anti-tumor immune responses. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
GR24 is a strigolactone analog that serves as a biochemical assay reagent. It effectively mimics the natural germination stimulus of parasitic plant seeds, enhancing seed germination even in the absence of host plants, which can help decrease the density of parasitic seeds in soil. This compound is valuable for agricultural research, particularly in studies focused on plant-parasitic interactions and seed biology. -
Biochemical Reagent
N,N-Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)aniline is a versatile sulfonylation reagent targeting the introduction of trifluoromethylsulfonyl groups in organic synthesis. This compound facilitates the formation of sulfonamides and enhances the properties of various organic molecules. It is commonly employed in the development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, making it a valuable tool for researchers in synthetic chemistry and related fields. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
Tris(2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N)iridium(III) is an iridium(III) organometallic complex known for its phosphorescent properties. This compound displays exceptional luminous efficiency and thermal stability, making it an ideal reagent for biochemical assays and applications in organic optoelectronics. It is particularly valuable in enhancing the luminescence efficiency and stability of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), supporting advancements in photonic technologies. -
Biochemical Reagent
11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid is a biochemical reagent characterized by its self-assembled monolayer properties. This compound functions as a metal surface modifier, facilitating the development of nanomaterials and molecular probes. Its applications extend to the creation of self-assembled membranes and the exploration of biological materials, making it a valuable tool in various fields of chemical research. -
Biotin Labeled PEG3 Derivative
Biotin-PEG3-CONH-Ph-CF3-diazirine is a biotin-labeled PEG3 derivative designed for the labeling of proteins. This compound features a diazirine moiety that enables photo-crosslinking, facilitating the study of protein interactions and localization. It is useful in various applications, including affinity purification and the investigation of protein dynamics in biological systems. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
4-Nitrophenyl butyrate acts as a biochemical assay reagent, primarily utilized in enzyme activity assays for esterases and lipases. Upon enzymatic cleavage of the ester bond, the release of the nitrophenol group results in a measurable color change from yellow to orange, allowing for quantification of enzyme activity. Additionally, this compound serves as a reagent for organic synthesis and as an intermediate in dye production, contributing to various biochemical research applications. -
Sulfhydryl Groups Determination
2,2′-Dipyridyl disulfide primarily targets sulfhydryl groups, serving as an effective reagent for their determination. This compound is widely utilized in peptide chemistry, facilitating oxidation-reduction reactions to form peptide bonds and promoting coupling reactions that yield disulfide-linked heterodimers. Its applications extend to biochemical research where precise control of redox states is critical. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
p-Nitrobenzyl mesylate is a biochemical assay reagent that primarily functions as an alkylating agent for phosphorothioates. This compound facilitates the formation of phosphorothioate epitopes, enabling the specific recognition by antibodies. Its applications are significant in the development of assays and studies involving phosphorothioate modifications in nucleic acids. -
Biochemical Reagent
Hydroxyethyl starch (MW 170-230 kDa) is a biochemical reagent primarily utilized for its role as a volume expander in intravenous therapy. This medium-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch exhibits minimal intravascular hydrolysis, ensuring stable blood volume maintenance. Notably, it enhances hemorheological parameters while minimizing coagulation disorders, making it valuable for research in fluid resuscitation and hemodynamic studies. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
Carboxyl diazirine alkyne is a protein cross-linking compound that enables the study of protein interactions and modifications. This reagent is particularly valuable in biochemical assays focused on the inhibition and labeling of the FTO protein using fluorescein derivatives, facilitating advanced research in metabolism and epigenetics. Its unique properties allow for covalent bonding, thereby enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of detection methods in various biological applications. -
Biochemical Reagent
L-p-Boronophenylalanine is a boron-containing substrate that selectively targets L-type amino acid transporters (LAT1 and LAT2). By competing with natural amino acids, it facilitates the uptake of boron into tumor cells, making it useful in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Upon exposure to thermal neutrons, boron-10 undergoes a nuclear reaction that generates high-energy alpha particles, effectively inducing cell death in cancer cells, particularly in glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma, while minimizing damage to adjacent healthy tissues. -
Triglyceride
Castor oil is a natural triglyceride primarily known for its solvent properties. It exhibits biological activity as a stimulant laxative and has been employed to induce labor in pregnant individuals. In addition to its medicinal applications, castor oil serves as a versatile solvent, co-solvent, stabilizing agent, and polyol in the formulation of polymer-nanoparticle composites, making it valuable for various research applications in chemistry and materials science. -
Anionic Detergent
Lithium dodecyl sulfate is an anionic detergent and surfactant that serves as an alternative to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for electrophoresis, particularly under low-temperature conditions. Its unique properties make it suitable for applications in the synthesis of nanomaterials and in various chromatography techniques, facilitating the separation and analysis of biomolecular complexes. This reagent is essential for researchers focused on biochemical assessments and material science applications. -
Angiopep-2 Conjugate
Angiopep-2-Cys is a conjugate of Angiopep-2 and cysteine, serving as a targeted delivery system for therapeutic agents. The Angiopep-2 peptide functions as a brain-targeting vector, enhancing the permeability of drugs across the blood-brain barrier. This conjugate is primarily utilized in research applications focused on improving the efficacy of anticancer therapies in brain tumors, facilitating more effective treatment strategies. -
Cosolvent
Ethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative derived from natural castor oil, serving primarily as a cosolvent. This compound effectively emulsifies and solubilizes oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions, making it a valuable component in various formulations. It is commonly utilized in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications to enhance the solubility of hydrophobic compounds, facilitating their incorporation into aqueous environments. -
Anticancer Agent
Dirhodium tetraacetate (Tetrakis (acetato) dirhodium (II)) is an anticancer agent that primarily inhibits the activities of DNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity in disrupting nucleic acid synthesis, making it valuable in cancer research. Additionally, dirhodium tetraacetate serves as a catalyst, offering potential in the development of rhodium-based artificial metalloenzymes for synthetic applications in biochemistry. -
Biochemical Reagent
INT (Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride) is a biochemical reagent primarily utilized in the colorimetric assessment of cellular metabolic activity and enzyme functionality. This compound serves as an effective electron acceptor, facilitating the reduction process that results in a colored formazan product, allowing for quantification. INT is widely applied in cell viability assays and enzymatic activity studies, making it a valuable tool in biochemical and pharmacological research. -
Isomer
(Rac)-BINAP is a stereoisomer of (R)-BINAP, serving as a valuable experimental control in research. As a chiral ligand, (Rac)-BINAP is utilized in asymmetric catalysis and various synthetic applications, facilitating the study of enantioselectivity in chemical reactions. Its role in organic synthesis makes it an important reagent for investigations in life sciences and related fields. -
Biotinylation Reagent
Biotin-maleimide is a thiol-specific biotinylation reagent that facilitates the tagging of proteins and other biomolecules for detection and analysis. This versatile compound can be employed to prepare biotin-conjugated polychelators, enhancing the study of protein interactions and cellular processes in various research applications, including immunoassays and affinity purification techniques. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
Cucurbit[7]uril is a cyclic organic molecule comprised of seven glycoluril units linked by methylene bridges, characterized by its rigid, barrel-like structure with two identical inlets. This unique configuration allows for selective encapsulation of guest molecules based on size, shape, and polarity. Cucurbit[7]uril exhibits a high binding affinity for a diverse range of organic and inorganic compounds, including drugs, amino acids, peptides, and metal ions. Its properties make it a valuable reagent for applications in drug delivery, catalysis, and sensing in biochemical assays. -
Biochemical Reagent
Tris(perfluorophenyl)borane is a biochemical reagent primarily utilized in organic synthesis and material science applications. This compound exhibits strong Lewis acid properties, facilitating various chemical reactions including polymerization and alkylation. Its unique structure and reactivity make it valuable in research involving novel materials and surface modifications. -
Biochemical Reagent
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylchloroformamidinium hexafluorophosphate (TCFH) is a potent coupling and derivatizing agent utilized in the synthesis of ester prodrugs. This biochemical reagent is particularly valuable in the development of antitumor drugs, facilitating the creation of complex drug formulations for cancer research. TCFH's efficacy in coupling reactions enhances the efficiency of molecular modifications, making it a critical tool in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry studies. -
Biochemical Reagent
Silver bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide is a silver salt that functions as an effective catalyst in organic synthesis. It facilitates the C-3 regioselective alkylation of indole derivatives via conjugated addition to α,β-enones. Additionally, this compound serves as a highly efficient and stable solid-state dye sensitizer and P-type dopant for perovskite solar cells, contributing to advancements in photovoltaic technologies. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is a biochemical assay reagent that functions primarily as a buffering agent. It is widely utilized in the preparation of phosphate buffers and provides optimal pH stability for various biological assays and laboratory applications. Its high solubility and purity enhance reproducibility in experimental outcomes. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is an essential component in numerous biochemical research protocols.

