Amylases

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  1. Rimtoregtide is a polypeptide compound which significantly reduces the increase in the levels of amylase and lipase in the blood caused by acute pancreatitis. Rimtoregtide has the potential for the research of pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis (extracted from patent WO2018205233A1).
  2. COX-1/HDAC/Tyrosinase Inhibitor

    Gnetol is a bioactive phenolic compound isolated from the root of *Gnetum montanum* with diverse pharmacological properties. It potently inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC₅₀ of 0.78 μM and exhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity. Gnetol is also a strong tyrosinase inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 4.5 μM against murine tyrosinase, leading to suppression of melanin biosynthesis. In addition to its antioxidant, antiproliferative, anticancer, and hepatoprotective effects, Gnetol modulates metabolic enzymes in a concentration-dependent manner, including α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and adipogenesis pathways, making it a promising candidate for research in oncology, dermatology, and metabolic disorders.
  3. Anti-inflammatory/Anti-tumor/Anti-mite Agent

    2′-Hydroxy-5′-methoxyacetophenone is an acetophenone derivative that modulates inflammatory responses primarily through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. This compound demonstrates significant anti-tumor properties, particularly against ovarian cancer, and exhibits acaricidal activity. Additionally, it effectively inhibits enzymes such as α-amylase, collagenase, and aldose reductase with IC50 values of 0.928 μM, 3.264 μM, and 20.046 μM, respectively, indicating its potential in diabetes research.
  4. Amylase Substrate

    Maltotetraose is a carbohydrate compound that serves as a substrate for enzyme-linked assays to measure amylase activity in biological fluids. Its primary biological activity includes the reduction of TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses through inhibition of NF-κB activity and decreased expression of ICAM-1. Additionally, maltotetraose inhibits PDGF-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neovascularization. Its derivatives can also be utilized as probes for detecting bacterial infections by targeting the maltodextrin transporter, making maltotetraose a valuable tool in research related to atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases.
  5. Hydrocholeretic Agent

    Dehydrocholic acid sodium is a hydrocholeretic agent that enhances bile production and secretion. It possesses the ability to modulate autophagy, decrease serum levels of amylase and lipase, protect hepatic function, and regulate cholesterol metabolism. This compound is particularly relevant for research on acute biliary pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice, providing insights into its potential therapeutic benefits in liver and pancreatic disorders.
  6. Poly(ADP-ribose) Synthetase Inhibitor

    2-Methylquinazolin-4-ol is a potent competitive inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase, exhibiting a Ki value of 1.1 μM. Additionally, it functions as an inhibitor of mammalian aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase) with an IC50 of 0.20 mM. This compound has significant applications in research focused on cellular stress responses, DNA repair mechanisms, and metabolic regulation.
  7. Antifungal Agent

    Decussatin is an α-Amylase inhibitor derived from the Tibetan medicinal plant Swertia mussotii. By inhibiting the enzymatic activity of α-Amylases, Decussatin effectively reduces the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates, leading to decreased glucose absorption in the intestines and lower blood glucose levels. While it demonstrates limited antibacterial and antifungal properties, Decussatin is primarily utilized in the study of type 2 diabetes and its management.
  8. Antibacterial Agent

    1-Hydroxyphenazine is an antibacterial agent that targets α-Amylase with an IC50 value of 3.1 μg/mL. This compound demonstrates significant anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities, effectively reducing proliferation in A549, 1321N1, and RAW264.7 cell lines. Additionally, 1-Hydroxyphenazine exhibits notable antifungal and antibacterial properties against pathogens such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Escherichia coli, and Xanthomonas campestris, making it a valuable reagent for various biological research applications.
  9. DPP-4 Inhibitor

    2-Methoxy-5-acetoxy-fruranogermacr-1(10)-en-6-one is a natural compound that functions as a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. It exhibits significant binding affinities to both DPP-4 and α-Amylase, suggesting its potential role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. This compound may offer beneficial effects in antidiabetic research, making it a valuable tool for studies focused on diabetes management and therapeutic development.
  10. GRP/BN receptor Antagonist

    BIM-26226 is a selective antagonist of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) and bombesin (BN) receptor, exhibiting an IC50 of 6 nM. This compound effectively inhibits BN- or GRP-stimulated amylase release with IC50 values of 0.3 nM and 0.2 nM, respectively. BIM-26226 shows high specificity for the GRP-preferring BN receptor subtype and does not interfere with the GRP receptor system. Additionally, it can induce the synthesis of somatostatin receptors while demonstrating no significant effect on tumor growth, making it valuable for research into neuropeptide signaling and related biological pathways.
  11. GRP/Bombesin Receptor 2 Antagonist

    ICI 216140 is a potent GRP/bombesin receptor 2 antagonist with an IC50 value of 2 nM. This compound effectively inhibits Bombesin-stimulated pancreatic amylase secretion and mitigates Bombesin-induced increases in blood pressure. ICI 216140 is valuable for research into the physiological roles of bombesin receptors and their implications in various pathophysiological conditions.
  12. Bombesin Receptor Antagonist

    [D-Phe12]-Bombesin is a bombesin receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 4.7 μM. This compound effectively inhibits bombesin-induced amylase release, exhibiting an IC50 of 4 μM. It is valuable for research applications exploring the role of bombesin receptors in physiological and pathological processes, particularly in studies related to neuroendocrine signaling and cancer biology.
  13. Cholecystokinin Receptor Antagonist

    A-65186 is a cholecystokinin (CCK) A receptor antagonist that effectively inhibits CCK8-induced amylase secretion. This compound exhibits high binding affinity for pancreatic CCK-A receptors and demonstrates over 500-fold selectivity for CCK-A over CCK-B receptors. It serves as a valuable tool in research focused on gastrointestinal physiology and the role of CCK signaling in pancreatic function.
  14. CCK-A Receptor Agonist

    A71378 is a selective CCK-A receptor agonist with an IC50 of 0.4 nM for the pancreatic CCK-A receptor, and significantly higher IC50 values for the cortical CCK-B and gastrin receptors at 300 nM and 1,200 nM, respectively. This compound effectively stimulates pancreatic amylase secretion with an EC50 of 0.16 nM and induces ileal muscle contraction with an EC50 of 3.7 nM. A71378 is valuable for research applications focusing on gastrointestinal pharmacology and the role of CCK-A receptors in digestive processes.
  15. CCK-4 Analog

    A-70874 is a tyrosine-free tetrapeptide analog of cholecystokinin (CCK-4), acting as an agonist for pancreatic amylase release. It also serves as a partial agonist, promoting phosphoinositide decomposition in pancreatic cells. With an IC50 of 4.9 nM for the guinea pig pancreatic CCK receptor, A-70874 shows a notable affinity of 1.6 μM for the CCK-B/gastrin receptor. This compound is valuable for investigating the physiological roles of CCK receptors in both the digestive system and the central nervous system.
  16. GAL2R Agonist

    Galanin (2-29) (rat) is a selective GAL2R agonist with a Ki of 3.5 nM, exhibiting significant biological activity in modulating peptide secretion. This peptide has been shown to inhibit rat pancreatic protein and CCK-8-stimulated amylase secretion, making it a valuable tool for research on pancreatic function and gastrointestinal regulation. Applications include studies on neuroendocrine signaling and the investigation of galanin receptor pathways.
  17. Kallikrein

    Ono 3307 free base is a synthetic protease inhibitor that targets kallikrein and other serine proteases. It demonstrates protective effects against acute pancreatitis by inhibiting hyperamylasemia and pancreatic edema, while also reducing cathepsin B leakage from lysosomes in a dose-dependent manner. This compound has significant applications in research related to protease regulation and pancreatic function, making it valuable for studies exploring the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis and related conditions.
  18. Somatostatin (1-28) Derivative

    [Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) is a derivative of somatostatin (1-28) in which norleucine substitutes for methionine at position 8. This compound enhances amylase release and elevates cyclic AMP levels in pancreatic acini. It is utilized in research to study pancreatic function and the regulatory mechanisms of peptide hormones in metabolic processes.
  19. CCK antagonist

    Proglumide sodium salt is a non-selective cholecystokinin (CCK) antagonist. It inhibits CCK-stimulated amylase secretion and prevents CCK-induced 2-deoxyglucose uptake in mouse pancreatic acini.
  20. glucosidase I/II inhibitor

    Deoxynojirimycin is a Maltase-glucoamylase (a-glucosidase I and II) inhibitor. It interferes with N-linked glycosylation.
  21. Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) Inhibitor

    trans-Chalcone is an effective inhibitor of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and α-amylase, offering significant potential in metabolic research. Isolated from the skin of Aronia melanocarpa, this biphenolic compound induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, demonstrating its utility in cancer studies. Additionally, trans-Chalcone exhibits antifungal properties, making it applicable in studies of both cancer and microbial pathogenicity.
  22. DPP-4 Inhibitor

    Antidiabetic agent 2 is a potent DPP-4 inhibitor that effectively promotes glucose uptake. This compound also inhibits PTP-1B, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.036, 0.042, 0.241, and 0.185 μM, respectively. By decreasing blood glucose levels, Antidiabetic agent 2 serves as a valuable tool for research focused on diabetes management and the modulation of glucose homeostasis.
  23. α-Amylase Inhibitor

    α-Amylase-IN-14 is a selective inhibitor of α-amylase, demonstrating robust interactions with the enzyme (-5.55 kcal/mol). This compound serves as a dual anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperglycemic agent, exhibiting significant radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals. α-Amylase-IN-14 is valuable for research focused on diabetes and related metabolic disorders.
  24. Flavonol

    Kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-(2, 3-di-Z-p-coumaroyl) rhamnoside is a flavonol compound derived from Platanus occidentalis. This compound exhibits significant inhibitory activity against alpha-amylase and DPP IV, making it suitable for research applications focused on carbohydrate metabolism and diabetes-related studies. Its unique structure and biological properties position it as a valuable tool in investigating the therapeutic potential of flavonoids in metabolic disorders.
  25. Stable Isotope

    H-Abu-OH-d2 is a deuterium-labeled form of H-Abu-OH, one of the three isomers of aminobutyric acid. This compound serves as a stable isotope used in various biochemical studies and is particularly relevant in metabolic research. It has been observed to be elevated in the plasma of patients with conditions such as Reye's syndrome, tyrosinemia, homocystinuria, nonketotic hyperglycinemia, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, making it valuable for clinical investigations.
  26. Maltoamylase

    Maltogenic amylase is an enzyme that targets maltoamylase, facilitating the hydrolysis of starch into shorter oligosaccharides. It exhibits significant biological activity in starch degradation and is instrumental in various biotechnological applications, including the food industry and biofuel production. Innovations in enzyme engineering enhance its reaction kinetics and substrate selectivity while allowing for activity modulation under varying pH conditions, enabling precise control in dynamic environments.
  27. Endogenous Metabolite

    A-57696 is a cholecystokinin (CCK) antagonist that selectively targets cortical CCK-B receptors with an IC50 of 25 nM. It functions as a competitive antagonist, effectively reversing CCK8-induced pancreatic alpha-amylase secretion and phosphatidylinositol degradation, while also inhibiting CCK8-induced gallbladder contraction. Notably, A-57696 exhibits partial agonist activity at CCK-B/gastrin receptors on NCI-H345 cells, eliciting up to 80% of the maximal CCK8 response. This compound serves as a valuable tool in research focused on gastrointestinal physiology and the modulation of CCK-related pathways.
  28. Anticoagulant/Cancer Agent

    Fucoidan is a biologically active polysaccharide that functions as an anticoagulant and exhibits antitumor properties. It effectively inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase, contributing to its potential applications in metabolic disorder research. Additionally, Fucoidan demonstrates antioxidant and antisteatotic activities, making it a valuable tool for studying various disease processes and therapeutic interventions.
  29. Tyrosinase Inhibitor

    Kushenol A, a non-competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase, effectively blocks the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA, with IC50 and Ki values of 1.1 μM and 0.4 μM, respectively. Isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens, Kushenol A exhibits antioxidant properties and also inhibits alpha-glucosidase (IC50: 45 μM; Ki: 6.8 μM) and β-amylase. This compound is valuable for research focused on skin whitening and anti-aging applications due to its enzyme inhibitory effects.
  30. Isoamylase

    Isoamylase, also known as glycogen α-1,6-glucanohydrolase, catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-1,6-glycosidic linkages in glycogen, amylopectin, and α/β-limit dextrins. This enzymatic activity is crucial for the degradation of complex carbohydrates, making Isoamylase valuable for research in carbohydrate metabolism, enzymology, and biotechnology applications. Its ability to selectively cleave α-1,6-glycosidic bonds allows for the detailed study of glycogen structure and function in various biological contexts.
  31. α-amylase/α-glucosidase/Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor

    Kaempferol-3,7-di-O-β-glucoside is a flavonol that acts as an inhibitor of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase. This compound has demonstrated protective effects on differentiating neuronal cells, specifically SH-SY5Y, against injury induced by Amyloid β peptide. Its enzyme inhibitory properties and neuroprotective effects indicate potential applications in Alzheimer's disease research and therapeutics.
  32. α-Glucosidase/α-Aamylase Inhibitor

    Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol is a phlorotannin that serves as an inhibitor of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.16 mM and 0.53 mM, respectively. This compound demonstrates significant anti-diabetic activity, making it relevant for research focused on glucose metabolism and diabetes management. Its mechanism of action highlights its potential application in developing therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders.
  33. Hydrolase

    Oligo-α-1,6-Glucosidase from Bacillus cereus ATCC7064 is a hydrolase enzyme that specifically targets and hydrolyzes oligosaccharides containing α-1,6-glycosidic bonds. This enzyme catalyzes the exo hydrolysis of α-1,6-glucoside linkages from nonreducing ends of substrates such as panose, palatinose, α-limit dextrins, and isomaltooligosaccharides. Oligo-α-1,6-Glucosidase plays a crucial role in the degradation of starch and glycogen, complementing the activity of α-amylase in the complete hydrolysis of amylopectin. Its applications include studies of carbohydrate metabolism and enzymatic processes involved in starch breakdown.
  34. α-Glucosidase Inhibitor

    α-Amylase-IN-2 is an oleanolic acid oxime ester derivative that acts as a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 value of 1.28 µM. Additionally, it demonstrates inhibitory activity against α-amylase with an IC50 of 3.8 µM. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on metabolic disorders such as diabetes, where modulation of carbohydrate digestion is critical.
  35. α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase Inhibitor

    α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-2 is a potent dual inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, demonstrating IC50 values of 13.02 µM and 13.09 µM, respectively. This compound is primarily utilized in research investigating diabetic complications, offering significant insights into glucose metabolism and potential therapeutic strategies for managing diabetes. Its dual mechanism of action makes it a valuable tool for studying carbohydrate digestion and its implications in hyperglycemia.
  36. α-glucosidase Inhibitor

    MDL-25637 is an α-glucosidase inhibitor that effectively inhibits the activity of enzymes such as sucrose, maltase, isomaltase, glucose amylase, and trehalose in the intestinal tract. This compound is primarily utilized in diabetes research to investigate the regulation of carbohydrate absorption and its implications for glucose homeostasis. Its ability to modulate enzymatic activity makes it a valuable tool for studying metabolic disorders associated with diabetes.
  37. α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase Inhibitor

    α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase, exhibiting IC50 values of 2.01 µM and 2.09 µM, respectively. This compound is utilized in biochemical research to investigate mechanisms of glycemic control and has potential applications in the management of hyperglycemia. The inhibitory activity of α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-1 makes it a valuable tool for studying carbohydrate metabolism and related metabolic disorders.
  38. α-Glucosidase Inhibitor

    α-Glucosidase-IN-3 is an oleanolic acid oxime ester derivative that acts as an inhibitor of α-glucosidase, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.35 µM. This compound also demonstrates inhibitory activity against α-amylase, making it a valuable tool for studies focused on carbohydrate metabolism. Its potential applications include investigating the mechanisms of diabetes management and exploring the therapeutic effects of glycosidase inhibition in metabolic disorders.
  39. Hydrolase Enzyme

    α-Amylase is a hydrolase enzyme that facilitates the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch, producing glucose and maltose as key products. This enzyme plays a critical role in carbohydrate metabolism and is widely used in biochemical research to study starch degradation and enzymatic activity. Its applications extend to food science, biotechnology, and various analytical methods in the life sciences.
  40. α-amylases Substrate

    Maltopentaose is a substrate for α-amylases, serving as the shortest chain oligosaccharide. This compound is classified as maltodextrin and is instrumental in studies examining glycation and phosphorylation of α-lactalbumin. Additionally, maltopentaose facilitates the investigation of inhibition kinetics in human pancreatic α-amylase by compounds such as dehydrodieugenol B, making it valuable for enzyme kinetics and carbohydrate-related research.
  41. Antioxidant

    Acetylregaloside C is a natural antioxidant derived from Madonna Lily (Lilium candidum L.). This compound enhances the activity of α-amylase, which is essential in carbohydrate metabolism. Acetylregaloside C is useful in research applications focused on oxidative stress and metabolic disorders, contributing to the understanding of its potential therapeutic effects.
  42. α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase Inhibitor

    α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-23 is a potent inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, demonstrating IC50 values of 73.68 nM and 146.18 nM, respectively. This compound is valuable for research focused on glucose metabolism and the management of hypoglycemia. Its ability to inhibit carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes makes it a useful tool for studies investigating glycemic control and related metabolic disorders.
  43. α-Amylase Substrate

    Ethylidene-4-nitrophenyl-α-D-maltoheptaoside serves as a substrate for α-amylase, facilitating the assessment of enzyme activity. Upon degradation by α-amylase, along with auxiliary enzymes like α-glucosidase, it releases a chromophore that enables quantification of amylase activity. This reagent is particularly valuable in the diagnosis of pancreatitis and other related disorders.
  44. Amylase

    Bacterial α-Amylase targets and hydrolyzes internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch, producing low molecular weight products such as glucose, maltose, and maltotriose. This enzyme plays a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism and is widely utilized in biochemical studies to understand starch biodegradation and enzymatic processes. Its action is fundamental in various applications, including food science and research on metabolic pathways.
  45. Amylase

    α-Amylase from Aspergillus oryzae is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into simpler sugars, primarily maltose and glucose. This reagent exhibits significant activity in breaking down complex carbohydrates, making it valuable for various biochemical studies, including carbohydrate metabolism and enzymatic kinetics. It serves as an essential tool in food science, biotechnology, and clinical research applications where starch-related processes are investigated.
  46. α-amylase Inhibitor

    Chinese gallotannin is a non-specific α-amylase inhibitor, exhibiting a Ki of 0.82 μg/mL against human salivary α-amylase. This compound demonstrates potential biological activity in modulating starch digestion and may be useful in diabetes research. Its inhibition of α-amylase activity positions it as a candidate for studying carbohydrate metabolism and metabolic disorders.
  47. Flavonoid

    Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide is a flavonoid that targets α-glucosidase and α-amylase, exhibiting inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 612.13 and 980.73 μg/mL, respectively. This compound is known to suppress NF-κB signaling and possesses free radical scavenging abilities, functioning as a protectant for tight junctions and alleviating intestinal mucosal barrier injury. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide is relevant for research focused on type 2 diabetes and the impacts of severe acute pancreatitis on intestinal health.
  48. Alkaloid

    Lotusine hydroxide is an alkaloid that functions as a signaling pathway modulator and enzyme inhibitor. It exhibits notable inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 30.60 μg/mL and 36.15 μg/mL, respectively. Lotusine hydroxide effectively inhibits the EGFR-Akt-ERK signaling pathway by decreasing phosphorylated levels of EGFR, Akt, and ERK, leading to apoptosis, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and reduced cancer cell proliferation. Additionally, it enhances antioxidant enzyme activities and is relevant for research on non-small cell lung cancer, type 2 diabetes, and autism spectrum disorder.
  49. α-Amylase Inhibitor

    α-Amylase-IN-3 is a potent inhibitor of α-Amylase, exhibiting an IC50 of 18.04 μM, and also targets acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50s of 21.04 μM and 22.2 μM, respectively. This compound demonstrates antioxidant activity, making it valuable for studies related to diabetes and diseases associated with oxidative stress. Its biochemical properties make α-Amylase-IN-3 a useful tool for researchers investigating metabolic disorders and neuroprotective mechanisms.
  50. α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

    2,4,6-Triphenylaniline serves as an α-glucosidase inhibitor, demonstrating significant anti-diabetic properties. Its formulation in nano-emulsions enhances stability and bioavailability, enabling more efficient inhibition of both α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. This compound is valuable for research focused on glycemic control and potential therapeutic strategies for diabetes management.

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