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β-1,3-glucan Inhibitor
Ibrexafungerp citrate is a potent β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor with promising antifungal properties. This compound demonstrates efficacy against a range of fungal infections, specifically targeting Candida and Aspergillus species. Ibrexafungerp citrate is currently under investigation for its therapeutic potential in the treatment of these serious infections. -
Antifungal Agent
4-Isopropylbenzoic acid is an aromatic monoterpenoid known for its antifungal properties. Isolated from the stem bark of Bridelia retusa, this compound demonstrates significant activity against various fungal strains. Additionally, it acts as a reversible and uncompetitive inhibitor of mushroom tyrosinase, making it relevant in studies related to enzymatic inhibition and fungal pathogen research. -
Fungal Inhibitor
Paclobutrazol is a triazole-based compound that functions primarily as a fungal inhibitor by disrupting the biosynthesis of gibberellins. Its antifungal properties make it useful in investigating plant-pathogen interactions and enhancing plant resilience. Additionally, Paclobutrazol can suppress abscisic acid synthesis and promote chilling tolerance in various plant species, supporting research into plant stress responses and growth regulation. -
HER2 Ligand
Camelliaside A is a phytochemical that functions as a HER2 ligand. It plays a significant role in breast cancer-related research, contributing to the understanding of HER2 signaling pathways. Notably, Camelliaside A does not exhibit antifungal activity against the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, demonstrating its specificity in targeting HER2 without adversely affecting mycelial growth. -
Anticancer/antifungal Agent
Echinoside A is a saponin that primarily targets Topoisomerase II alpha (Top2α), inhibiting its catalytic activity and reducing its noncovalent binding to DNA. This compound activates Caspase-3 and induces PARP cleavage, thereby promoting apoptosis. Echinoside A exhibits significant anticancer properties against various cancers, including prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and S-180 sarcoma. Additionally, it displays antifungal activity across a spectrum of fungi, with a minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 3.12 to 50.0 μg/mL, demonstrating particularly strong effects against Aspergillus and Penicillium species. -
Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitor
Rtt109 inhibitor 1 is a potent inhibitor of the histone acetyltransferase Rtt109, functioning through a tight-binding, uncompetitive mechanism. This compound demonstrates significant antifungal activity by specifically targeting acetylation at the H3K56 site. Rtt109 inhibitor 1 is suitable for research applications focused on histone modifications and their roles in fungal pathogenesis. -
HDM Inhibitor
HDM-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of histone demethylases (HDM), specifically targeting H3K27me3 methylation in fungal pathogens such as Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida auris, with IC50 values of 134 nM and 12 nM, respectively. This compound demonstrates significant antifungal activity, achieving MIC80 values between 0.5-2 μg/mL by disrupting biofilm and capsule formation. In vivo studies in an ICR mouse model further confirm its efficacy as an antifungal agent. HDM-IN-1 is a valuable tool for research on histone modifications and their implications in fungal virulence and drug resistance. -
Anticancer/Antifungal Agent
Schinifoline is a 4-quinolinone that primarily targets cancer cell proliferation and fungal infections. It exhibits potent anticancer activity by inducing G2/M phase arrest and promoting apoptosis in cancer cells, as well as enhancing their radiosensitivity. Additionally, Schinifoline demonstrates significant antifungal properties, making it relevant for research in cancer therapies and infections, particularly regarding lung cancer and Candida albicans. -
Myrothecium Fungus Metabolite
Verrucarin J, a metabolite derived from the Myrothecium fungus, primarily targets the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various cancer cell lines. It has demonstrated significant apoptotic activity in A549, HCT 116, and SW-620 cells. Additionally, Verrucarin J exhibits antifungal properties against Candida albicans and Mucor miehei, and effectively inhibits the arenavirus Junin (JUNV) with an IC50 value of 1.2 ng/mL, highlighting its potential for research in oncology and virology. -
Antiphlogistic Agent
Tomentosin is an orally active natural sesquiterpenoid lactone with primary applications as an antiphlogistic agent. It demonstrates a range of biological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Tomentosin has been shown to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while also inducing apoptosis. This compound is valuable for research related to tumors, inflammatory conditions, and neurological disorders. -
Antifungal Agent
Reveromycin A is a benzoquinoid antibiotic that exhibits antifungal properties through its mechanism as a selective inhibitor of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. It effectively inhibits bone resorption by inducing apoptosis in osteoclasts and demonstrates antiproliferative activity against various tumor cell lines. This compound is valuable for research applications in studying fungal infections and bone metabolism. -
Antithrombotic/Antifungal Agent
Ajoene is a garlic-derived compound that functions as both an antithrombotic and antifungal agent. It exhibits significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells, including HL-60, U937, HEL, and OCIM-I. This compound is relevant for research in cancer biology and antifungal therapies. -
Apoptosis Activator
Nortrachelogenin, also known as (-)-Wikstromol, is an apoptosis activator isolated from Partrinia scabiosaefolia. It has been shown to induce apoptotic responses in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans, making it a valuable reagent for research on fungal apoptosis and related cellular processes. This compound can facilitate the investigation of therapeutic strategies targeting fungal infections. -
Anticancer/Antifungal Agent
Ilicicolin H is a selective inhibitor of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) and mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 reductase, with an IC50 of 9.02 μM and 2-3 ng/mL, respectively. It effectively inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), by reducing lactate production and glucose uptake. Additionally, Ilicicolin H displays broad antifungal activity against pathogens such as Candida albicans, Cryptococcus species, and Aspergillus fumigatus. This compound is suitable for research applications in oncology and infectious diseases. -
Styryl Lactone
Goniothalamin is a styryl lactone that demonstrates insecticidal, anti-tumor, and antibacterial properties. It induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells, while exhibiting larvicidal effects against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae and cytotoxicity against brine shrimp larvae. Additionally, Goniothalamin shows antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as antifungal efficacy against pathogens such as Candida albicans and Trichophyton species. This compound is relevant for research in breast cancer, lymphatic filariasis, and the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections. -
Cytochrome P450 Inhibitor
Thujopsene is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes, specifically targeting CYP2B6, CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, and CYP2C9, with IC50 values of 1.3, 12.6, 13.6, 29.8, and 44.9 μM, respectively. In addition to its role as a metabolic inhibitor, thujopsene binds to PKM2, disrupting cancer cell metabolic pathways and inducing apoptosis in MKN45 cells, thereby demonstrating significant antitumor activity. This compound also exhibits notable anti-termite and antifungal properties through its autoxidation process, broadening its potential applications in both cancer research and pest control. -
Apoptosis Inducer
2-Methoxyjuglone is a naphthoquinone that functions primarily as an apoptosis inducer. It activates caspase-9 and caspase-3 through the mitochondrial cytochrome c-dependent intrinsic apoptosis pathway, leading to increased pro-apoptotic Bax levels and decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 levels. 2-Methoxyjuglone also induces apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial cytochrome c release and is associated with morphological changes of apoptosis, early apoptotic signals, cell cycle arrest in S-phase and G2/M-phase, as well as DNA double-strand breaks. Additionally, it exhibits antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria and pathogenic fungi, making it valuable in the research of various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer, as well as in studies of fungal and bacterial infections. -
Antifungal Peptide
Periplanetasin-2 is an antifungal peptide that exerts its effects primarily through the induction of oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoting lipid peroxidation. In addition to its antifungal activity, Periplanetasin-2 can also trigger apoptosis in target cells. This compound is valuable for research applications aimed at understanding fungal pathogenesis and evaluating potential therapeutic strategies against fungal infections. -
FASN Inhibitor
Cerulenin is a potent natural inhibitor of fatty acid synthase (FASN), derived from the fungus Cephalosporium caeruleus. It acts by inhibiting topoisomerase I catalytic activity, consequently enhancing apoptosis induced by SN-38. Cerulenin exhibits both antifungal and antitumor properties, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer therapies and fungal infections. -
Antifungal Agent
Iturin A is a cyclic lipopeptide that exhibits potent antifungal activity. Iturin A disrupts fungal cell membranes and induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to apoptosis and autophagy in tumor cells. This compound holds promise for research applications in antifungal therapeutics and cancer biology, showcasing notable antitumor effects. -
Fungicide Agent
Epoxiconazole is a demethylation inhibitor targeting the Ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. It demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against both carbendazim-resistant and phenamacril-resistant fungal isolates. This compound is widely utilized in agricultural research for the control of various crop diseases, contributing to effective crop management strategies. -
Fungicide
Azoxystrobin is a broad-spectrum β-methoxyacrylate fungicide that primarily targets the cytochrome bc1 complex, inhibiting mitochondrial respiration through binding at the Qo site. This mechanism disrupts electron transfer, leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent induction of apoptosis in fungal cells. Azoxystrobin is essential for research applications focusing on fungal physiology, plant pathology, and the development of disease management strategies. -
Fungicide
Fludioxonil is a phenylpyrrole fungicide that targets fungal cell growth by inhibiting the development of plant pathogens such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. It exhibits significant biological activity through its ability to disrupt cytoskeletal integrity, induce DNA damage, and promote apoptosis in mouse glioma cells. Additionally, Fludioxonil has been observed to influence tumor growth and metastasis, alongside potential cardiotoxic effects. This compound serves as a valuable tool in agricultural research and studies related to cellular mechanisms of toxicity and cancer progression. -
SDHI Inhibitor
Boscalid is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor that exhibits significant antifungal activity. By binding to the ubiquinone-binding site of mitochondrial complex II in fungi, Boscalid disrupts ATP production and aerobic respiration, effectively controlling a range of plant fungal diseases, such as gray mold, sclerotinia rot, and powdery mildew. In addition to its agricultural applications, research indicates that Boscalid induces apoptosis and alters lipid metabolism while causing mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and ROS accumulation in zebrafish models. Furthermore, it demonstrates chronic toxicity and impacts foraging behavior in honeybees, alongside exhibiting genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in cellular systems. -
Antimicrobial Agent
Dipyrithione is a potent antimicrobial agent primarily targeting fungal pathogens. It exhibits significant antifungal and antiproliferative activities, inducing apoptosis and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Additionally, Dipyrithione demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and exhibits anti-tumor potential. This compound is of particular interest for research applications related to dermatophytosis and other fungal infections. -
Macrocyclic Ellagitannin
Oenothein B is a dimeric macrocyclic ellagitannin known for its potent inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase. It exhibits a range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-HCV, and antitumor effects. This compound serves as a valuable tool in research applications focusing on cellular stress responses, inflammation, and cancer therapeutics. -
Virus Protease Inhibitor
Anthraquinone acts primarily as a viral protease inhibitor, exhibiting multifaceted biological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, anti-arthritic, antifungal, antibacterial, antimalarial, and antioxidant properties. This compound plays a crucial role in plant metabolism by impacting the electron transport chain, thereby inhibiting energy transfer during photosynthesis. Additionally, anthraquinone intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, leading to cell death through apoptosis. This diverse profile supports its applications in various fields of chemical and biological research. -
Fungal Inhibitor
Mancozeb is a potent fungicide that operates primarily by inhibiting fungal growth in a variety of agricultural products, including cereals, vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants. In addition to its antifungal properties, Mancozeb has been shown to activate the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, leading to liver damage in mice. It alters cellular metabolism through the upregulation of lactate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c, resulting in induced apoptotic pathways, particularly in ovarian cells. This compound is of significant interest in studies related to reproductive toxicity and cellular metabolism. -
Apoptosis Inducer
Falcarindiol is an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin that functions as an apoptosis inducer by activating PPARγ and enhancing the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. This compound exhibits significant biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer, and antidiabetic effects. Additionally, as a click chemistry reagent, Falcarindiol contains an alkyne group, allowing it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reactions with azide-containing molecules, making it valuable for various research applications. -
Apoptosis Inducer
δ-Cadinene is a sesquiterpene primarily known for its role as an apoptosis inducer. It exhibits significant antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects specifically in human ovarian cancer (OVCAR-3) cells. Additionally, δ-Cadinene demonstrates broad-spectrum bioactivity, including trichomonacidal, antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer properties, making it a valuable compound for various research applications in cancer biology and infectious disease studies. -
Apoptosis Inducer
Damnacanthal is an anthraquinone that primarily functions as an apoptosis inducer through selective inhibition of p56lck tyrosine kinase activity. Demonstrating significant anticancer properties, Damnacanthal effectively inhibits p56lck autophosphorylation and the phosphorylation of exogenous substrates, with IC50 values of 46 nM and 220 nM, respectively. Additionally, Damnacanthal exhibits antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in murine models, along with antifungal activity against Candida albicans. This compound is valuable for research into cancer biology and related therapeutic pathways. -
Antifungal Potentiator
Polygodial is a sesquiterpene known for its role as an antifungal potentiator. It exhibits significant anti-hyperalgesic properties, making it a valuable compound in research focused on pain modulation and fungal infections. Polygodial has potential applications in developing therapeutic strategies targeting antifungal resistance and enhancing pain relief mechanisms. -
Fluxapyroxad Metabolite
M700F048 is a primary metabolite of the fungicide Fluxapyroxad, targeting the inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase in fungal respiration. This compound is essential for studying the metabolic pathways and environmental behavior of Fluxapyroxad. It has significant applications in toxicological research and understanding the efficacy and degradation of fungicides in agricultural settings. -
Fungicide
Propiconazole is a triazole compound primarily used as a fungicide, targeting fungal sterol biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzyme lanosterol demethylase. Its biological activity is characterized by effective control over various fungal pathogens in agricultural applications. However, it has been identified as a hepatotoxicant and hepatocarcinogen in experimental models, with reported adverse effects on reproduction and development in animals. This information is critical for researchers in toxicology and agricultural sciences assessing the safety and efficacy of fungicidal agents. -
Triazole Fungicide
Difenoconazole is a triazole fungicide that acts as a sterol demethylation inhibitor. It selectively binds to the heme group of fungal cytochrome P450 51, disrupting mycelial growth and inhibiting spore germination. This compound is utilized in research applications focused on pathogenic fungi, offering insights into fungal growth mechanisms and resistance management strategies. -
Antifungal Agent
Moracin D is a flavonoid derived from Morus alba, known for its antifungal properties. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, including the induction of cell apoptosis, hypoglycemic effects, and antiadipogenic action. Moracin D is primarily utilized in research involving fungal infections and breast cancer, making it a valuable reagent in the investigation of therapeutic strategies. -
Antifungal Agent
Xanthochymol is an antifungal agent derived from Clusia rosea, primarily targeting fungal cells. This compound demonstrates the ability to induce apoptosis in fungi, making it a valuable tool for investigating fungal cell death mechanisms. It is applicable in research focused on antifungal therapies and the study of fungal pathogen responses to stress. -
Cation Ionophore
Calcimycin hemicalcium salt is a potent cation ionophore that primarily facilitates the transport of divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium across cellular membranes. This compound is known to induce Ca2+-dependent cell death by elevating intracellular calcium concentrations, making it valuable for research into apoptosis and autophagy mechanisms. Additionally, Calcimycin hemicalcium salt exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and some fungal species, while also inhibiting ATPase activity and uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in mammalian cells. Its diverse biological effects make it a useful reagent for various biochemical and cellular studies. -
Antifungal Agent
Melittin free acid is a 26-amino-acid polypeptide and a potent activator of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) with significant antifungal activity. It demonstrates broad-spectrum antifungal efficacy, displaying minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 0.4-60 μM. Melittin free acid exerts its biological effects by promoting fungal cell apoptosis, inhibiting (1,3)-β-D-glucan synthase, and engaging in various other cellular pathways, making it a valuable reagent for research in antifungal mechanisms and therapeutic applications. -
Photosensitizer
Elsinochrome A is a perylene quinone photosensitizer that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light excitation, thereby inducing apoptosis and autophagy in targeted cells. This compound demonstrates effective antifungal activity against Candida albicans biofilm through photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT). Elsinochrome A is suitable for research applications in photodynamic therapy (PDT), particularly with excitation wavelengths around 460 nm. -
Deuterated Labeled Geraniol (Major)
Geraniol-d6 (Major) is a deuterated form of the terpene compound geraniol, which primarily functions as an olefin. This compound exhibits significant biological activities, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and the promotion of apoptosis. Geraniol-d6 (Major) is valuable for research applications related to diabetes, as well as studies focusing on its antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. -
CYP51 Inhibitor
Antifungal agent 136 is an irreversible inhibitor of fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51). It demonstrates potent antifungal activity against drug-resistant strains of Candida albicans and effectively downregulates IL-6 expression. This compound holds potential for research applications in the fields of fungal infection and inflammatory diseases. -
Antifungal Agent
(E)-2-Octenal is an antifungal agent that disrupts cell membrane integrity and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. It effectively decreases the activity of phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase, inhibiting the growth of Neofusicoccum parvum by impairing mitochondrial energy metabolism. Additionally, (E)-2-Octenal demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy against various fungi, including Sclerotium rolfsii, Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato, and Aspergillus flavus, making it valuable for research on citrus blue mold and mango stem-end rot. -
Antifungal Agent
Antifungal Agent 152 is an antifungal compound targeting fungal pathogens. It demonstrates significant antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 4 μg/mL, 16 μg/mL, and 16 μg/mL, respectively. This reagent is useful in research applications focused on fungal infections and therapeutic development. -
Antifungal Antibiotic
Filipin complex is a potent polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic that primarily targets membrane cholesterol. By inserting into cellular membranes, it sequesters cholesterol, thereby inhibiting the entry of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV). The complex comprises approximately 75.8% Filipin III, 10.8% Filipin IV, 9.1% Filipin II, and 1.2% Filipin I, making it a valuable tool in antifungal research and viral entry studies. Its characteristic fluorescence spectrum (Ex/Em = 380/430 nm) further enhances its utility in biological applications. -
Fungal Inhibitor
Filipin III is a pentaene macrolide antifungal antibiotic featuring a 28-membered ring, primarily derived from various Streptomyces species including S. filipinensis, S. avermitilis, and S. miharaensis. This compound targets membrane sterols, leading to significant alterations in membrane structure, which disrupts fungal cell integrity. Filipin III is widely utilized in research to study fungal infections and to explore mechanisms of antifungal resistance. -
Actin Polymerization Inhibitor
Latrunculin B is an actin polymerization inhibitor commonly derived from marine algae. It modulates the electrophysiological properties of pulmonary veins and has been shown to reduce stretch-induced arrhythmias. Additionally, Latrunculin B exhibits antifungal and antiprotozoal activities, making it a valuable reagent for research in cell biology and pharmacology. -
Fungal Inhibitor
Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid functions as a potent antifungal agent, targeting fungal pathogens effectively. In addition to its antifungal properties, it demonstrates anticancer activity by promoting apoptosis in cancer cells through the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid also influences cytokine expression, upregulating IL-8 and ICAM-1 while inhibiting RANTES and MCP-1 release, indicating potential immunomodulatory effects. This compound is valuable for research in anti-infection strategies, cancer therapy, and immune response modulation. -
Antifungal Agent
Manogepix is a first-in-class, broad-spectrum antifungal agent that acts by inhibiting the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) in fungi. This mechanism disrupts essential cellular processes, leading to effective antifungal activity. Researchers can utilize Manogepix for investigating antifungal resistance mechanisms and exploring novel treatment strategies for fungal infections. -
Echinocandin
Rezafungin acetate is a next-generation echinocandin with a broad-spectrum antifungal mechanism, primarily targeting fungal cell wall synthesis. It exhibits strong activity against various pathogens, including Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., and Pneumocystis spp. This compound is valuable for research in antifungal drug development and exploring mechanisms of fungal resistance.

