Immunology & Inflammation

Items 2051-2100 of 3399

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  1. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Agent

    7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine is an alkaloid that serves as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent through its inhibition of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), exhibiting an IC50 of 1.80 μM. This compound has demonstrated a reduction in amyloid-beta (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) levels within the cerebral cortex of Tg2576 mice. Its properties make it a valuable tool for research into neuroinflammation and related pathways in neurodegenerative conditions.
  2. CD33 ADC Antibody

    Gemtuzumab is a monoclonal IgG4-κ antibody that targets the CD33 antigen. This antibody mediates cell necrosis by specifically binding to CD33 expressed on leukemic cell blasts in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Gemtuzumab serves as a precursor for the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates, such as Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, which combines a cytotoxic derivative of Calicheamicin with the antibody. It is utilized in research applications focused on understanding and treating acute myeloid leukemia.
  3. HCV Inhibitor

    ASP5286 is a novel non-immunosuppressive inhibitor targeting cyclophilin, primarily designed for research applications related to Hepatitis C virus (HCV). This compound demonstrates potent antiviral activity, making it a valuable tool for investigating HCV replication and pathogenesis. Researchers can utilize ASP5286 in studies focused on the mechanisms of viral infection and the development of therapeutic strategies against HCV.
  4. Cyclophilin/HCV Inhibitor

    SMCypI C31 is a non-peptidic inhibitor of cyclophilin with significant peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) inhibitory activity, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.1 µM. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral efficacy against various HCV genotypes, including 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, and 5a, with EC50 values ranging from 1.20 to 7.76 μM in subgenomic replicon assays. SMCypI C31 targets and disrupts the interaction between cyclophilin A and NS5A, making it a valuable tool for research into HCV therapies.
  5. Cyclophilin A Inhibitor

    Cyclophilin Inhibitor 3 is a selective inhibitor of Cyclophilin A, demonstrating significant antiviral activity against Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) with an EC50 of 4.2 μM. This compound is essential for studies investigating the role of CypA in viral replication and may serve as a valuable tool for antiviral research and therapeutic development targeting HCV infections.
  6. Anti-Albumin/FOLR1/CD3 Antibody

    Eliroptamig is a multispecific antibody that targets albumin, folate receptor α (FOLR1), and cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3). This antibody enhances its half-life through binding to albumin, while effectively targeting FOLR1 on tumor cells and engaging T cells to facilitate targeted tumor destruction. It is valuable in cancer research applications, particularly in studies focusing on immunotherapy and tumor microenvironment interactions.
  7. Small Molecule-drug Conjugate

    OncoFAP-GlyPro-MMAE is a small molecule-drug conjugate (SMDC) targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) with an IC50 of 0.49 nM. This compound combines the selective FAP ligand OncoFAP with the tubulin inhibitor MMAE, linked for optimized delivery. OncoFAP-GlyPro-MMAE demonstrates significant cytotoxic activity and is suitable for research applications in renal cancer and related malignancies.
  8. Microtubule-Targeting Agent

    DZ-2384 is a powerful microtubule-targeting agent known for its role in enhancing rescue frequency and maintaining the microtubule architecture in nonmitotic cells and primary neurons. This compound demonstrates synergistic effects when combined with anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy, particularly in Taxane-sensitive and resistant xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Additionally, DZ-2384 exhibits significant antitumor efficacy in models of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), making it a valuable tool for cancer research in these areas.
  9. Anti-neuroinflammatory Agent

    SB26019 is a potent anti-neuroinflammatory agent that primarily targets NF-κB activation. It functions by promoting the formation of monomeric α-tubulin, which in turn inhibits the translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB. This mechanism underscores its potential application in neuroscience research, particularly in studies related to neuroinflammation and associated disorders.
  10. NEK7 Molecular Glue Degrader

    NEK7 degrader-3 is an orally active NEK7 molecular glue degrader with a DC50 of 33.1 nM, which effectively mediates the interaction between NEK7 and the E3 ligase cereblon, leading to the proteasomal degradation of NEK7. This degradation process attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory responses, resulting in the inhibition of caspase-1 activity and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-1α, and IL-18. NEK7 degrader-3 demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-induced neuroinflammation mouse models, serving as a valuable tool for research focused on neuroinflammation.
  11. Octamer Peptide

    OVA Peptide (257-264) is an octameric peptide epitope derived from ovalbumin that is specifically presented by the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule H-2Kb. This peptide is crucial for T cell recognition and activation in immunological studies. It has applications in the development of immunotherapies, vaccine research, and studies focusing on T cell responses.
  12. AH1

    Immunodominant Antigen

    AH1 is an MHC class I-restricted tumor-specific antigenic peptide that engages the murine MHC class I molecule Ld. Derived from the envelope protein (gp70) of the endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV), AH1 serves as an immunodominant CTL epitope in CT26 colon carcinoma and TS/A murine mammary adenocarcinoma. The specific CTLs that recognize AH1 can effectively mediate cytotoxicity, leading to tumor cell killing and rejection. This peptide is valuable for research applications targeting tumor immunology and the development of cancer immunotherapies.
  13. Kb-restricted Epitope

    KSPWFTTL is an immunodominant Kb-restricted epitope derived from the p15E transmembrane protein. This peptide effectively enhances the susceptibility of tumor lines to cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for anti-AKR/Gross MuLV. KSPWFTTL is valuable for research applications focused on tumor immunology and T cell-mediated responses.
  14. EAE Inducer

    MOG (35-55), human is a peptide derived from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, primarily functioning as an EAE inducer. This peptide possesses unique immunogenic properties as it binds to H-2b class II MHC and is recognized by T cells, facilitating the study of autoimmune responses in the central nervous system. Although it is associated with minimal clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis compared to its rodent counterpart, mMOG (35-55), it is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of demyelination and neuroinflammation. Research applications include model development for multiple sclerosis and the exploration of T cell activation in autoimmune diseases.
  15. Glycol

    1,10-Decanediol is a diol compound that interacts with α-ketoglutarate (aKG) to form polymeric microparticles (paKG MPs) for the controlled release of aKG, facilitating immunosuppressive responses. These microparticles can engage dendritic cells (DCs), leading to decreased glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, which subsequently modulate MHC-II and CD86 expression in DCs and influence the proportions of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and various T-helper cell subsets in vitro. This compound serves as a valuable tool in immunometabolism research and functions as a surfactant/stabilizer in nanomaterial synthesis.
  16. Antigen Peptide

    OVA(250-264) is an antigenic peptide derived from ovalbumin, targeting the class I MHC molecule H-2Kb. This peptide has been shown to significantly enhance the generation and infiltration of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells when used in conjunction with αMSLN (anti-MSLN antibody), thus improving antitumor efficacy in orthotopic models of pancreatic cancer. OVA(250-264) serves as a valuable tool for the development of neoantigen vaccines in immunotherapy research focused on pancreatic cancer.
  17. HLA-DR Binding Epitope

    PADRE peptide is a pan-HLA-DR binding epitope that functions as an immunostimulant by binding to the peptide-binding groove of MHC class II molecules, facilitating the activation of CD4+ T cells. This leads to enhanced anti-tumor immune responses, inhibition of tumor growth, and prolonged survival in model systems. PADRE peptide is effective in increasing the frequency of E7-specific CD8+ T cells and improving therapeutic outcomes when combined with E7 peptide-based vaccines and poly (I:C). It is suitable for research applications in various tumor models, including melanoma, glioblastoma, and cervical cancer.
  18. MR1 Ligand

    DB28 is an innovative MR1 ligand that functions by competitively inhibiting the activation of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells through its interaction with MR1. Additionally, DB28 reduces the cell surface expression of MR1, making it a valuable tool for studies of MAIT cell biology and immune modulation. This compound is applicable in research focused on immune responses and potential therapeutic interventions targeting MR1-related pathways.
  19. GAD65 Residue

    GAD65 (206-220) is a peptide derived from glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65, specifically corresponding to residues 206-220. It plays a pivotal role in immune recognition, as it is presented to T cells by I-Ag7 MHC class II molecules. This peptide is significant for research related to type I diabetes mellitus, where it is targeted by self-reactive T cells, aiding in the understanding of autoimmune responses.
  20. CD8-related Self-antigenic Epitope

    Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (40-54) serves as a CD8-related self-antigenic epitope derived from the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and is presented in association with H-2Db. This peptide is crucial for studying autoimmune responses in experimental models, particularly in the context of multiple sclerosis research. It can be utilized in assays to investigate T cell activation and epitope-specific immune responses in both rat and mouse models.
  21. T Cell Inducing Determinant

    Hemoglobin (64-76) serves as a T cell inducing determinant that interacts with two distinct MHC class II molecules, utilizing different registers and lengths. This interaction is crucial for T cell activation and modulation, making it an important reagent for immunological research. Its biological activity facilitates studies on T cell responses, antigen presentation, and the development of therapeutic strategies in autoimmune and infectious diseases.
  22. Nucleoprotein Peptide

    H2-D b restricted epitopes VSV Nucleoprotein (52-59) is a 9-mer peptide specifically derived from the nucleoprotein of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV). This peptide interacts with MHC class I molecules, facilitating the presentation to CD8+ T cells and promoting the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). It is particularly valuable in research focused on CTL vaccine development for infectious diseases, including Ebola virus, enhancing understanding of immune responses in viral infections.
  23. HLA-E Ligand

    VMAPRTLFL is a 9-mer peptide that acts as a ligand for HLA-E, derived from the signal peptide of HLA-G. This peptide is essential for modulating the activity of adaptive natural killer (NK) cells, enhancing their proliferation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release through upregulation of CD25 expression. VMAPRTLFL is valuable for research into human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, transplant rejection, and mechanisms underlying pregnancy immunity.
  24. HLA-B7-Derived Peptide

    Allotrap 07 is a synthetic peptide derived from residues 75-84 of the HLA-B7 molecule, a class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) protein. This peptide is known for its ability to promote donor-specific tolerance in rat cardiac allografts when used in conjunction with Cyclosporin A, leading to a significant extension of graft survival. Allotrap 07 is a valuable tool for researchers exploring mechanisms of immune tolerance and transplant biology.
  25. HLA-Cw*1601 Binder

    BAGE (2-10) is a nonapeptide encoded by the BAGE gene that specifically binds to the HLA-Cw*1601 molecule. This interaction facilitates the formation of an antigen recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes, making BAGE (2-10) useful in studies related to melanoma. Its ability to elicit an immune response positions it as a valuable tool for research in cancer immunotherapy and antigen presentation.
  26. MHC Peptide

    SEIDLILGY is a nonapeptide that acts as a ligand for major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC) molecules, derived from mouse sources. This compound is primarily used to stimulate sensory neurons expressing the vomeronasal receptor V2rf2, facilitating studies in neural signaling and sensory processing. Its unique properties make it an invaluable tool for research in neurobiology and immunology.
  27. TpD

    T-Helper Epitope

    TpD is a chimeric T-helper epitope designed to elicit robust immune responses via targeted binding to various human MHC class II molecules, predominantly HLA-DRB1. Facilitating cleavage by cathepsins, TpD effectively promotes long-term CD4+ T-cell responses, making it a valuable tool in immunization strategies. Its ability to bind to multiple HLA alleles, including DRB3, DRB4, DRB5, DP, and DQ, enhances its utility in optimizing peptide vaccine efficacy and advancing research in immunology and vaccine development.
  28. Melanoma Antigen-Derived Peptide

    VLPDVFIRCV is a melanoma antigen-derived peptide that targets MHC-I class molecules. It has been shown to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) capable of specifically lysing T2 cells pre-loaded with this peptide in chromium release assays. While VLPDVFIRCV does not activate immune responses against natural tumor cells, it is valuable for vaccine design research and studies focused on immune modulation in melanoma.
  29. Inhibitor Of The Binding Of DQ8 Peptide To MHC Class II Molecule

    D-α-Methyl DOPA is an inhibitor of the binding of DQ8 peptide to MHC class II molecules. By occupying a pocket in the DQ8 peptide binding groove, D-α-Methyl DOPA disrupts the presentation of DQ8 peptides to CD4+ T cells. This inhibition may play a role in modulating the immune response, potentially slowing the development or progression of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease. This compound is valuable in immunological research focused on T cell activation and autoimmune disease mechanisms.
  30. e14a2 Junctional Sequence

    GFKQSSKAL is an e14a2 junctional sequence that specifically binds to HLA-B8. This binding interaction is relevant for investigating T cell responses and immunological applications in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) research. GFKQSSKAL can be utilized in studies focused on cancer immunotherapy and the mechanisms of immune evasion in hematological malignancies.
  31. MHC class II Antigen Presentation Modulator

    Ac-YR-NH2 is a small molecule that modulates MHC class II antigen presentation. By influencing peptide binding to MHC class II, Ac-YR-NH2 can alter immune responses, making it a valuable tool for studying immune system dynamics. This compound is particularly useful in research applications focused on autoimmune diseases and vaccine development, where modulation of antigen presentation is critical.
  32. MHC II Antigen Loading Catalyst

    AdCaPy is an MHC II antigen loading catalyst that facilitates the efficient loading of peptide antigens onto MHC II molecules. By enhancing the presentation of antigens to CD4+ T cells, AdCaPy plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses. This reagent is valuable for research applications in immunology, vaccine development, and therapeutic strategies targeting T cell activation.
  33. TLR7 Agonist

    TLR7 Agonist 12 is a potent TLR7 agonist and a purine nucleoside analog. This compound demonstrates significant antitumor activity, particularly against indolent lymphoid malignancies. Its anticancer mechanisms are mediated through the inhibition of DNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, making it valuable for research applications in cancer therapeutics and immune modulation studies.
  34. COX-II Inhibitor

    Tazofelone is a selective cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) inhibitor that demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory properties. Its bioactivation to sulfoxide and quinol metabolites is primarily facilitated by the CYP3A enzyme system. This compound is utilized in research related to inflammatory bowel disease, providing valuable insights into potential therapeutic approaches.
  35. COX Inhibitor

    Ibuprofen Impurity F is a specific impurity of Ibuprofen, a well-known anti-inflammatory compound that inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes COX-1 and COX-2. It exhibits inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 13 μM for COX-1 and 370 μM for COX-2. This reagent is valuable for quality control and analytical characterization in pharmaceutical research and development, particularly in the study of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
  36. COX Inhibitor

    Piroxicam cinnamate is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor with demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. It is stable under gastric conditions, making it suitable for research applications focused on inflammatory-degenerative osteoarticular diseases, rheumatic disorders, and varicocele-associated oligoasthenospermia. This compound offers significant potential for investigating therapeutic approaches to various inflammatory conditions.
  37. COX-1 Inhibitor

    Valeryl salicylate is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity, making it a valuable tool for research into inflammatory processes. Its mechanism offers insights into the modulation of COX-1 enzyme activity and potential therapeutic applications in inflammatory conditions.
  38. COX1/2 Inhibitor

    4,4'-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxydihydrochalcone is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). This compound demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory properties and is valuable in research aimed at understanding the role of COX enzymes in various disease models. Its application extends to pharmacological studies focused on pain, inflammation, and potential therapeutic interventions.
  39. COX Inhibitor

    Ibuprofen impurity 1 is an impurity of the widely used anti-inflammatory agent ibuprofen, which acts as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, exhibiting IC50 values of 13 μM and 370 μM, respectively. This compound is essential for evaluating the purity and quality of ibuprofen formulations in research. It serves as a valuable tool for studying the pharmacological effects and potential side effects of ibuprofen in various biological assays.
  40. COX-2 Inhibitor

    Robenacoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It primarily reduces the production of prostaglandins associated with inflammation and pain, making it valuable for research related to inflammatory diseases and pain management. This compound is utilized in studies aiming to elucidate the role of COX-2 in various biological processes and to develop therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation.
  41. COX-2 Inhibitor

    3-Carene is a bicyclic monoterpene that functions as a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory properties by reducing nociceptive stimulus-induced inflammatory infiltrates and decreasing COX-2 overexpression. Additionally, 3-Carene enhances both the activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase, a crucial early marker of osteoblastic differentiation, making it a valuable compound for research in pain management and bone health.
  42. COX-2 Inhibitor

    Mavacoxib is a selective, oral cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, functioning as a long-acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). This compound effectively alleviates pain and inflammation related to degenerative joint disease, particularly in canine subjects. Research applications include studies on inflammation and pain management in veterinary medicine.
  43. COX-2 Inhibitor

    Desmethyl Celecoxib is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with an IC50 value of 32 nM, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory activity. As an analog of Celecoxib, this compound serves as a valuable tool in research applications focusing on inflammation and pain pathways. Its potency and specificity make it suitable for studies related to COX-2 mediated processes.
  44. 5-LO/COX Inhibitor

    BW 755C is a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, exhibiting an IC50 of 5 μM for 5-LO. It also demonstrates inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values of 0.65 and 1.2 μg/mL, respectively. This compound is valuable for research applications involving inflammation and other related pathways. Its ability to concurrently inhibit key lipid mediators makes BW 755C a useful tool in studies focused on arachidonic acid metabolism and signaling pathways.
  45. COX-2 Inhibitor

    Enflicoxib is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in the inflammatory pathway. This nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compound exhibits notable anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects in various animal models. Enflicoxib is valuable for research investigating COX-2-mediated processes and potential therapeutic applications in pain management and inflammation.
  46. COX-1 Inhibitor

    CP-74006 is a selective inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). This compound demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity by blocking the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, key mediators in the inflammatory response. CP-74006 is utilized in research focusing on inflammation, pain management, and cardiovascular disease, providing valuable insights into COX-1 related biological processes.
  47. COX inhibitor

    2-Chloro-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor that modulates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Its biological activity makes it a valuable tool in research focused on inflammation and pain pathways. This compound is utilized for studying COX-related mechanisms in various biological contexts, potentially aiding in the development of anti-inflammatory therapies.
  48. COX- 2 Inhibitor

    Ocarocoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.4 μM. By inhibiting COX-2, Ocarocoxib effectively reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins, thereby imparting significant anti-inflammatory effects. This compound is useful for research on inflammation and associated pathological conditions.
  49. COX-2/5-LOX Inhibitor

    Tebufelone is a selective dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). It exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties, making it useful for research into inflammatory pathways. This compound is valuable for studying the roles of COX-2 and 5-LO in various biological processes and assessing novel therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases.
  50. COX-1 Inhibitor

    Teriflunomide impurity 3, also known as 4-Amino-N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)benzamide, acts as a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 30 µM. This compound exhibits significantly lower activity against COX-2, with an IC50 greater than 100 µM. Teriflunomide impurity 3 is valuable for research applications exploring inflammatory pathways and the role of COX-1 in various biological processes.

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