Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Sulcatone-d5 (6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one-d5) is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Sulcatone, a volatile organic compound derived from plants. This compound exhibits insecticidal and antifungal properties, along with the potential to lower blood pressure. Sulcatone also functions as an insect pheromone and an endogenous metabolite, detectable in feces. Alterations in Sulcatone levels may provide supportive information for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, demonstrating its relevance in both ecological and clinical research applications.

4-Propylphenol-d12 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of the plant-derived phenolic compound 4-Propylphenol. This compound exhibits significant biological activity by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in Fusarium graminearum cells, which leads to DNA and cell membrane damage, effectively inhibiting mycelial growth. Additionally, 4-Propylphenol displays growth inhibitory effects against walnut pathogenic fungi, such as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Alternaria alternata, with EC50 values ranging from 29.11 to 31.89 mg/L, while also inhibiting spore germination (EC50: 55.04-71.85 mg/L). This reagent is valuable for research focused on fungal diseases impacting walnuts and wheat, particularly Fusarium head blight.

Iprodione-d5 is the deuterated form of Iprodione, a dicarboximide fungicide known for its specific mechanism of action involving oxidative damage via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This stable isotope is useful in various research applications, including studies on fungicide metabolism, environmental fate, and the investigation of oxidative stress mechanisms. Iprodione-d5 provides an essential tool for tracing, quantifying, and understanding the dynamics of Iprodione in biological and ecological systems.

Fenpropidin-d10 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Fenpropidin, a piperidine-based fungicide. It is primarily used in research applications to study the mechanisms of action and metabolic pathways of Fenpropidin. This compound exhibits antifungal activity against various human pathogenic yeasts and filamentous fungi, making it valuable for investigating fungal disease control in cereals and other agricultural applications.

Carbendazimb-d3 is a deuterated analog of Carbendazim, a potent benzimidazole fungicide. This stable isotope serves as a valuable tool for studying the metabolism and environmental behavior of Carbendazim in various research settings, particularly in the context of fungal pathogens such as Septoria, Fusarium, and Sclerotinia. Additionally, Carbendazim exhibits antitumor properties, making Carbendazimb-d3 useful for cancer research, especially concerning advanced solid tumors and lymphoma.

Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate-d9 is a deuterated derivative of Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, functioning primarily as a stable isotope. This compound exhibits potent antifungal activity and is widely utilized as a preservative in various industries, including paints, coatings, wood preservatives, personal care, and cosmetics. It serves as an important tool for researchers studying the behavior and metabolism of fungicides in biological systems.

3-Nitrobenzoic acid-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of 3-Nitrobenzoic acid, a compound known for its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This reagent serves as a stable isotope for research applications, including the study of microbial metabolism and degradation pathways. 3-Nitrobenzoic acid can be reduced by specific bacteria and fungi, such as Pseudomonas and white rot fungi, resulting in the formation of aldehydes and alcohols, making it a valuable tool for investigating microbial interactions and biodegradation processes.

Phenoxyethanol-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Phenoxyethanol, a compound known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. It acts as an uncoupling agent in oxidative phosphorylation and competitively inhibits malate dehydrogenase, influencing metabolic pathways. This reagent is invaluable in research applications involving microbiology, biochemistry, and the study of metabolic processes, as well as in the development and preservation of cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations.

Undecanoic acid-d2 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of undecanoic acid, primarily utilized as a stable isotope for various research applications. Known for its antifungal properties, undecanoic acid inhibits the production of extracellular keratinase, lipase, and impairs the biosynthesis of phospholipids in Trichophyton rubrum. This compound is valuable in studies involving lipid metabolism and antifungal mechanisms.

Aldox-d6 is a deuterated form of Myristamidopropyl dimethylamine, a compound known for its antimicrobial properties and insecticidal activity. This reagent exhibits inhibitory effects against a variety of pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Fusarium solani, and Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Aldox-d6 is utilized in research related to microbial-induced keratitis, enabling in-depth studies on the mechanisms of microbial interactions and potential therapeutic interventions.

Propiconazole-d3 nitrate is a deuterium-labeled analog of propiconazole, acting primarily as a triazole fungicide. It targets the enzymatic conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, crucial for fungal cell membrane integrity. This compound exhibits inhibitory effects on Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while showing significantly lower impact on rat liver microsomal cytochrome P450, with reported IC50 values of 0.04 µM and >200 µM, respectively. Propiconazole-d3 nitrate has demonstrated efficacy against Trichophyton deformans and Rhizopus stolonifer, with ED50 values of 0.073 µg/mL and 4.6 µg/mL, respectively, and is known to enhance the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), making it a valuable tool in fungal research and studies related to oxidative stress.

Dimethomorph-d8 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Dimethomorph, a fungicide that functions as a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor. This compound effectively disrupts fungal cell wall formation, exhibiting significant biological activity. Additionally, Dimethomorph is known to inhibit androgen receptor (AR) activity in MDA-kb2 cells, with an IC20 value of 0.263 μM, making it a valuable tool for research in fungal biology and endocrine signaling studies.

Levoketoconazole-d3 is a deuterium-labeled form of levoketoconazole, an enantiomer of the antifungal agent ketoconazole. This stable isotope is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies to investigate the metabolism and distribution of levoketoconazole in biological systems. Its unique labeling allows for precise tracking in research applications, enhancing the understanding of its biochemical properties and therapeutic implications.

Benalaxyl-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Benalaxyl, a fungicide primarily used in agricultural applications. The stable isotope labeling allows for precise tracking of metabolites and pathways in biological studies. While Benalaxyl is effective against various fungi, it is noted that A. fumigatus isolates exhibit intrinsic resistance, making this reagent valuable for research into resistance mechanisms and fungicide efficacy.

Miconazole-d2 is a deuterium-labeled form of the imidazole antifungal agent Miconazole. This stable isotope can be utilized in research applications involving the study of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. In addition to its antifungal properties, Miconazole-d2 also exhibits antibacterial activity, making it relevant in investigations of microbial resistance and therapeutic efficacy.

2-Decanone-d5-1 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of 2-Decanone, functioning as a stable isotope for chemical and biological studies. This compound exhibits antifungal properties by inhibiting the mycelial growth of pathogens, impeding spore germination, and disrupting appressorium formation. The mechanism involves the downregulation of genes associated with spore germination and penetration structure formation, leading to reactive oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial damage, and spore apoptosis. 2-Decanone-d5-1 holds potential for research applications in postharvest disease control in fruits and vegetables.

Faltan-d4 is a deuterated form of Faltan, which serves as a dicarboximide fungicide. This compound is primarily utilized in agricultural applications, particularly for the protection of vines and various vegetable crops. Additionally, Faltan exhibits cytotoxic effects on human bronchial epithelial cells, making it relevant for studies related to cellular toxicity and fungicidal mechanisms.

Benzoic acid-13C is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of benzoic acid, an aromatic carboxylic acid. This compound exhibits key antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it an essential preservative in food, beverages, and cosmetic formulations. Benzoic acid-13C is a valuable tool in metabolic studies and tracking research applications, enabling researchers to investigate metabolic pathways and interactions in biological systems.

Fmoc-Phe-OH-15N is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of phenylalanine, specifically containing 15N isotopes. This compound serves as a valuable tool in NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry for studying protein structure and dynamics. Its incorporation into peptides and proteins facilitates advanced labeling techniques, making it suitable for various applications in biochemical and pharmaceutical research.

Trifloxystrobin-d6 is a stable isotope-labeled variant of Trifloxystrobin, a potent fungicide. It exhibits biological activity with EC50 values of 23.0 μg/L for Daphnia magna neonates and 1.7 μg/L for embryos after a 48-hour exposure. This compound is valuable for research applications in environmental science, particularly in studying the environmental fate and bioavailability of fungicides.

Fluconazole-13C2,15N is the stable isotope-labeled variant of the triazole antifungal agent, Fluconazole. This compound effectively targets a broad spectrum of fungi, primarily exhibiting strong activity against Candida albicans and Candida kefyr, with IC99 values between 0.20 μg/mL and 0.39 μg/mL. Fluconazole-13C2,15N is essential for the study of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, providing valuable insights into antifungal mechanisms and resistance patterns in chemical research.

Hydroxyphenyllactic acid-d3 is a deuterium-labeled analog of Hydroxyphenyllactic acid, a metabolite known for its antifungal properties. This stable isotope is utilized in various research applications, including bioanalytical studies and metabolic pathway investigations. The labeled compound aids in enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of analytical techniques in biological research.

Metconazole-d6 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Metconazole, a triazole fungicide. This stable isotope is utilized in various research applications, particularly in pharmacokinetic studies and environmental monitoring. Its isotopic labeling allows for precise tracking and quantification of Metconazole in biological systems and environmental samples, aiding in the understanding of its metabolism and persistence.

Heneicosane-d44 is a deuterium-labeled variant of Heneicosane, a royal-specific pheromone crucial for termite social structure. It plays a significant role in the recognition of termite queens and kings, influencing worker ant behaviors through vibratory and antennal responses. Additionally, Heneicosane exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties by inhibiting inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins and cytokines. This compound is valuable in insect chemical ecology research and holds potential for developing new anti-inflammatory therapeutics.

Coumarin-d6 is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of Coumarin, a compound known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. This deuterated form retains the biological activities of its non-deuterated counterpart, demonstrating antinociceptive effects as well as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Coumarin-d6 is primarily utilized in research applications requiring isotopic labeling, providing valuable insight into metabolic pathways and compound behavior in various biological systems.

Triacetin-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of triacetin, which is the triester formed from glycerol and acetic acid. This stable isotope is utilized in metabolic studies and tracer experiments, facilitating the investigation of lipid metabolism and transport processes. Triacetin-d5 serves as a valuable tool for researchers studying fat metabolism and related biological pathways.

Metalaxyl-13C6 is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of Metalaxyl, a fungicide that targets and inhibits protein synthesis in fungal cells. This compound is particularly effective against potato blight caused by Phytophthora infestans, displaying EC50 values ranging from 0.3 to 3.9 μg/mL for isolates from Serbian potato fields. Metalaxyl-13C6 is useful for metabolic studies and tracing experiments in fungi, providing insights into the mechanism of action and resistance pathways.

(2R,4S)-Hydroxy Itraconazole-d8 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of (2R,4S)-Hydroxy Itraconazole, designed for use as a stable isotope standard in analytical research. This compound retains the biological activity of the parent molecule while enabling precise tracking and quantification in pharmacokinetic studies. Its applications include metabolic profiling and pharmacological investigations, facilitating an enhanced understanding of itraconazole metabolism and its therapeutic effects.

Imazalil-d5 sulfate is a deuterated form of Imazalil sulfate, serving as a stable isotope. This reagent is utilized in research applications requiring isotopic labeling for tracking chemical processes and studying metabolic pathways. Its stable isotope properties enable precise quantification and analysis in various biological and environmental studies.

Terbinafine-d7 is a deuterated derivative of Terbinafine, a potent antifungal agent that targets squalene epoxidase, inhibiting its activity with a Ki of 30 nM. This stable isotope label is utilized in research to study the pharmacokinetics and metabolic pathways of Terbinafine. In addition to its antifungal properties, Terbinafine exhibits antibacterial activity against select Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it valuable in various microbiological studies.

(2R,4S)-Hydroxy Itraconazole-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of (2R,4S)-Hydroxy Itraconazole, serving as a stable isotope for research applications. This compound is utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling to enable precise tracking of drug metabolism in biological systems. Its unique isotopic labeling facilitates enhanced detection and quantification in mass spectrometry, making it a valuable tool for investigations related to antifungal therapies and drug interactions.

Miconazole-d5 nitrate is a deuterium-labeled derivative of the imidazole antifungal agent, Miconazole. This stable isotope is primarily used in metabolic studies and research involving pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism. Miconazole exhibits antifungal properties and also possesses antibacterial effects, making it useful in investigations of therapeutic applications and drug interactions.

Triacetin-d9 is a deuterium-labeled version of triacetin, a triester of glycerol and acetic acid. This stable isotope is primarily used as a tracer in metabolic studies and isotopic labeling experiments. Its unique properties enable researchers to investigate lipid metabolism and pathways involving fatty acid synthesis, providing valuable insights in biochemical and pharmacological research.

Tebuconazole-d9 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of the azole fungicide Tebuconazole, primarily targeting cytochrome P450 51 (CYP51). It exhibits potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0.9 μM against Candida albicans CYP51 and 1.3 μM against truncated human CYP51 (Δ60HsCYP51). This stable isotope is valuable for studies involving fungicidal mechanisms and metabolic pathways in both agricultural and biomedical research.

Miconazole-d5 nitrate (2,4-Dichlorobenzyloxy-d5) is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of Miconazole nitrate, an imidazole antifungal agent. This compound exhibits significant antifungal and antibacterial activities, making it a valuable tool for research in microbiology and pharmacology. It can be utilized in studies involving drug metabolism, mechanism of action, and formulation development.

Tolnaftate-d7 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Tolnaftate, a synthetic thiocarbamate that functions as an antifungal agent. This stable isotope is essential for metabolic studies and pharmacokinetic investigations, allowing for precise tracking and quantification in biological research. Its applications extend to understanding the mechanisms of action and efficacy of antifungal therapies.

Terconazole-d4 is a deuterated form of Terconazole, a broad-spectrum antifungal agent. This stable isotope can be utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research to trace the pathways and concentration of Terconazole in biological systems. Its application is particularly relevant in understanding the pharmacodynamics of antifungal therapies and optimizing treatment regimens.

Cyprodinil-13C6 is a stable isotope-labeled version of Cyprodinil, an anilinopyrimidine fungicide that primarily targets the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity by inhibiting methionine biosynthesis in plant-pathogenic fungi, thus providing protection to fruits and vegetables from various pathogens. It also displays anti-androgenic and androgenic activities, making it relevant for studies exploring hormonal interactions in biological systems. Cyprodinil-13C6 is particularly useful in trace analysis applications and metabolic studies involving Cyprodinil.

Flucytosine-13C,15N2 is a stable isotope-labeled analog of Flucytosine, incorporating both carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 isotopes. This molecularly modified compound serves as a valuable tool for tracking metabolic pathways and understanding drug metabolism in microbiological and pharmacological studies. Its applications extend to isotope labeling experiments, allowing researchers to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Flucytosine in various biological systems.

Itraconazole-d9 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of itraconazole, a triazole antifungal agent known for its function as a potent inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, with an IC50 of approximately 800 nM. This compound effectively inhibits lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme, disrupting the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Itraconazole-d9 exhibits notable anticancer and antiangiogenic properties, making it suitable for research in cancer biology and related therapeutic applications. Additionally, it serves as an oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) inhibitor, highlighting its versatility in biochemical research.

Climbazole-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Climbazole, a potent antifungal agent targeting fungal pathogens. This stable isotope provides a valuable tool for tracking metabolic pathways and studying the pharmacokinetics of Climbazole in biological systems. Climbazole-d4 is also effective in research focused on the induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, enhancing understanding of drug metabolism and enzymatic activity.

Thiophanate-methyl-d6 is a deuterium-labeled form of Thiophanate-methyl, a systemic fungicide that inhibits fungal growth. This stable isotope-labeled compound is crucial for studies involving metabolic pathways and biological distribution of fungicides in environmental and agricultural research. Its use in isotopic labeling enhances the accuracy of analytical techniques, facilitating in-depth exploration of thiophanate interactions within biological systems.

Posaconazole-d5 is a deuterium-labeled analogue of Posaconazole, a broad-spectrum, second-generation triazole antifungal agent. This stable isotope is utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research to trace the compound's metabolism and pharmacodynamics in biological systems. Its application aids in the investigation of the drug's behavior and efficacy in various fungal infections.

Itraconazole-d5 is a deuterium-labeled form of Itraconazole, a triazole antifungal agent that functions primarily as a Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway antagonist with an IC50 of approximately 800 nM. This compound effectively inhibits lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme, blocking the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Itraconazole-d5 is utilized in research applications investigating antifungal mechanisms, anticancer effects, and antiangiogenic properties.

Efinaconazole-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Efinaconazole, a triazole antifungal agent targeting fungal pathogens. It demonstrates potent in vitro activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.0039 μg/mL and 0.00098 μg/mL, respectively. This stable isotope compound is valuable for pharmacokinetic studies and mechanistic research involving fungal infections and dermatophyte activity.

Ketoconazole-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of the imidazole antifungal agent Ketoconazole. It primarily targets CYP3A4 and CYP24A1 enzymes, serving as a valuable tool for studying drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. This stable isotope is particularly useful in quantitative mass spectrometry applications and investigations into the pharmacological behavior of Ketoconazole in biological systems.

Cymoxanil-d3 is a deuterium-labeled variant of the fungicide Cymoxanil, which acts as a cyanooxime targeting plant diseases caused by fungi in the Perenosporales order. This compound inhibits fungal growth and impacts DNA and RNA synthesis in various Phytophthora species. It is primarily utilized in research applications to study the biochemical pathways involved in plant-fungal interactions and to analyze the environmental fate of Cymoxanil in agricultural settings.

Ketoconazole-d8 is a deuterated analogue of the antifungal agent Ketoconazole, which primarily targets the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP24A1. This stable isotope-labeled compound is valuable for metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies, providing insights into the drug's biochemical pathways. Its unique labeling enables precise tracking in various biological assays, facilitating advanced research in pharmacology and toxicology.

Benzoic acid-13C6 is a stable carbon-13 isotope-labeled form of benzoic acid. This compound serves as a key metabolic tracer in various biochemical studies and is widely utilized in environmental and food safety research. Its primary biological activity includes the inhibition of bacterial and fungal growth, which positions it as an important agent for studying preservation mechanisms in food and cosmetic formulations.

Thiram-d12 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Thiram, a well-known fungicide used extensively on seeds and as a foliar treatment for various crops, including turf, vegetables, and fruits. Thiram primarily functions as a vulcanization accelerator in the rubber industry. In biological research, Thiram is recognized for its dual role, inducing antioxidant defenses while also acting as a prooxidant that promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thiram-d12 serves as a valuable tool for studies involving oxidative stress and the monitoring of antioxidant responses in agricultural and environmental research.