Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Endogenous Metabolite
N-Lactoyl-Phenylalanine is an endogenous metabolite that functions as a signaling molecule, particularly induced through exercise. This compound exhibits biological activities that include the reduction of obesity and the enhancement of glucose tolerance. It offers potential applications in metabolic research and the study of exercise physiology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Glycerol is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a key component in sample preparation and gel formation for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Its ability to stabilize proteins and nucleic acids makes it essential for effective separation and analysis in various biochemical studies. Glycerol is widely utilized in molecular biology and biochemistry laboratories to enhance the resolution and integrity of electrophoretic samples. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Sphingomyelin is an endogenous metabolite and a critical sphingolipid found predominantly in eukaryotic cell membranes, particularly within the myelin sheath enveloping neuronal axons. It is essential for various cellular processes, including the regulation of inflammatory responses and signal transduction pathways. Dysregulation of sphingomyelin metabolism has been implicated in several conditions, including central nervous system diseases and Niemann-Pick disease, making it a significant target for research in neurobiology and metabolic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Mevalonic acid lithium salt is a critical endogenous metabolite in the mevalonate pathway, vital for cellular growth and proliferation. This compound effectively counteracts the inhibitive effects of Simvastatin on C2C12 cell viability in vitro. Its applications extend to research in myopathy and heart failure, making it a valuable tool for studying related metabolic processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid is the primary metabolite of serotonin, serving as an important endogenous biomarker. It is utilized in the assessment of neuroendocrine tumors, aiding in both diagnosis and monitoring of these malignancies. This compound plays a significant role in the study of serotonin metabolism and related pathophysiological conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) serves as a significant endogenous metabolite of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). MEHP is known to enhance fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes through the modulation of gene and protein expression, thereby playing a critical role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This compound is valuable for research investigating metabolic disorders, liver function, and the impact of environmental phthalates on health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Protocatechuic acid is a phenolic compound that acts as an endogenous metabolite. It demonstrates neuroprotective properties, making it valuable for research in neurobiology and the study of neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, it may play a role in modulating oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby contributing to cellular protection. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Phosphorylethanolamine, an endogenous metabolite, serves as a crucial precursor for phosphatidylcholine and is integral to membrane phospholipid composition. Its presence in various animal tissues and human tumors underscores its role in maintaining membrane integrity, facilitating cell division, and supporting mitochondrial respiratory function. Alterations in phosphorylethanolamine levels have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as influencing insulin signaling in the liver. This compound is valuable for research in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic disease studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde, an endogenous metabolite derived from the oxidative degradation of indole-3-acetic acid, serves as a valuable biochemical tool in research. This compound is utilized to synthesize analogs of the indole phytoalexin cyclobrassinin, contributing to studies on plant defense mechanisms. Additionally, Indole-3-carboxaldehyde has been shown to enhance the epithelial barrier and exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in the intestinal tract, making it relevant for research in gastrointestinal health and inflammation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Fructose-6-phosphate disodium is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in carbohydrate metabolism. It serves as an important intermediate in both the glycolytic pathway and the pentose phosphate pathway. This compound is useful for investigating the activities of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase and transaldolase. Additionally, D-Fructose-6-phosphate disodium can be employed in studies related to Lewy body dementia, enhancing understanding of metabolic perturbations in this condition. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Glycoursodeoxycholic acid is an endogenous metabolite and a bile acid-glycine conjugate derived from ursodeoxycholic acid. This acyl glycine plays a significant role in bile acid metabolism and modulation of gut microbiota. Research applications include investigating its potential effects on liver function, metabolic disorders, and gastrointestinal health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Riboflavin phosphate sodium, also known as flavin mononucleotide (FMN-Na), acts as an endogenous metabolite and is a derivative of riboflavin (vitamin B2), a vital nutrient for animals. This compound plays a significant role in NAD+ recycling and is utilized in research related to progressive keratoconus, corneal ectasia, and irregular astigmatism. Its biological activity makes it a valuable reagent for studies focused on visual health and metabolic processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
DEHP (Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) primarily functions as an endogenous metabolite involved in the modulation of cellular processes. It exhibits a broad range of biological activities, including neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, immunotoxic, and reproductive toxic effects in various organisms. DEHP serves as a critical compound for research related to toxicology, environmental exposure studies, and the investigation of endocrine disruption mechanisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Lanosterol is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in cholesterol biosynthesis. It has been shown to induce the ubiquitination and degradation of HMG CoA reductase, a key regulatory enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Additionally, lanosterol exhibits protective effects by suppressing the aggregation and cytotoxicity of misfolded proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on cholesterol metabolism and neurodegenerative processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
DL-Isocitric acid trisodium salt is an endogenous metabolite that serves as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. It is important for cellular respiration and energy production. This compound can be utilized as a biochemical marker for the analysis of isocitrate composition in fruit products, aiding in nutritional studies and quality assessments. -
Endogenous Metabolite
(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid is an endogenous metabolite primarily formed from acetoacetic acid via the enzymatic action of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. This compound serves significant biological functions as an energy source and plays a critical role as a precursor for various biosynthetic pathways, including the production of vitamins, antibiotics, and pheromones. Its applications are valuable in metabolic studies and nutritional research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Indole is a naturally occurring aromatic heterocyclic compound that acts as an endogenous metabolite in various biological systems. It plays a crucial role in bacterial physiology by mediating processes such as spore formation, plasmid stability, drug resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence through intercellular signaling. This compound is essential for research in microbial signaling and pathogenicity, making it valuable for studies in microbiology and infectious disease. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Nervonic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid recognized for its role as an endogenous metabolite. This compound demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity primarily through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathways. Its properties make it a valuable tool for investigating neurodegenerative diseases and related pathologies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Adrenic Acid (cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid) is an endogenous polyunsaturated fatty acid predominantly found in the adrenal gland, brain, kidney, and vascular tissues. It plays a crucial role in regulating vascular tone in the arteries of the adrenal cortex. Additionally, Adrenic Acid has been implicated as an inflammation enhancer in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, making it a valuable compound for research in vascular biology and metabolic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite derived from polyphenols that exhibits antioxidative properties. This compound plays a significant role in cellular defense mechanisms by inducing the expression of Nrf2, a key regulator of antioxidant response. Its research applications include studying the effects of microbiota on metabolism and exploring therapeutic strategies for oxidative stress-related conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Cinnamic acid is an endogenous metabolite known for its potential in cancer intervention. It exhibits significant cytotoxic effects with IC50 values ranging from 1 to 4.5 mM across various cancer cell lines, including glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate, and lung carcinoma. This compound serves as a valuable research tool for investigating cancer biology and therapeutic strategies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
7-Ketolithocholic acid (3α-Hydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholanic acid) is an endogenous metabolite and a bile acid known for its capacity to modulate bile acid synthesis. It effectively suppresses the production of endogenous bile acids and inhibits biliary cholesterol secretion. This compound is valuable for research applications related to cholesterol metabolism and bile acid signaling pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Oleamide is an endogenous fatty acid amide that serves as a signaling molecule in the mammalian nervous system. It plays a role in various biological processes, including sleep regulation and inflammatory responses. Oleamide is utilized in research to investigate its effects on neurotransmission and neuroprotection, as well as its potential therapeutic applications in sleep disorders and neuroinflammation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Isocitric acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism, particularly within saliva and the cellular cytoplasm. This compound is significant for research into neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Lewy Body Dementia, as well as conditions related to anoxia. Its involvement in the tricarboxylic acid cycle makes it a valuable reagent for metabolic studies and related biochemical investigations. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) is a 20-carbon ω-6 fatty acid that primarily acts as an endogenous metabolite. It exhibits notable anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities, making it relevant for research involving inflammation and cancer biology. DGLA has also been shown to attenuate atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mouse models, providing a valuable tool for studying cardiovascular diseases and related metabolic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose (ADP ribose) is an endogenous metabolite that plays a critical role in cellular signaling and regulation. It is primarily involved in the cellular response to DNA damage and the modulation of gene expression. ADP ribose serves as a substrate for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and is integral to various biological processes, including cell repair and apoptosis. This compound is valuable for research applications related to DNA damage response and chromatin remodeling. -
Endogenous Metabolite
TRIA-662 (1-Methylnicotinamide chloride) is an endogenous metabolite known for its antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. This compound plays a significant role in various biological processes and has potential applications in research related to thrombosis and inflammation. Its ability to modulate these pathways makes it a valuable tool for studying cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Erythro-dihydrosphingosine is a potent inhibitor of cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α), a key enzyme involved in phospholipid metabolism and inflammatory processes. Its inhibition of cPLA2α activity makes it a valuable tool for research into lipid signaling pathways and inflammatory diseases. This endogenous metabolite can be utilized in studies aimed at understanding the regulatory mechanisms of cell membrane dynamics and associated pathophysiological conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is an endogenous metabolite that primarily targets NMDA receptors. At low glutamate concentrations, ACC functions as a small molecule agonist, enhancing NMDA receptor activity with an EC50 of 0.7-0.9 μM, while at high glutamate concentrations, it acts as a competitive antagonist with an EC50 of 81.6 nM. This dual action contributes to its neuroprotective effects, preventing neuronal cell death in ischemic models and inducing blood pressure reduction in hypertensive rats. Additionally, ACC has been shown to enhance object recognition memory and cognitive flexibility without affecting impulsivity, making it a valuable compound for studies in neurotoxicity and cognitive function. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Cytidine 5'-monophosphate (5'-Cytidylic acid) is a nucleotide that serves as a critical monomer for RNA synthesis. This compound features a nucleobase cytosine linked to a ribose sugar and a phosphate group, playing a vital role in cellular metabolism and the regulation of gene expression. Its applications extend to various areas of biochemical research, including RNA biochemistry and nucleotide metabolism studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Hydrocinnamic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a significant role in plant growth regulation. It is recognized for its ability to modulate various physiological processes, including cell elongation and stress response. This compound is commonly applied in research exploring plant metabolism, growth modifications, and the interaction between plants and their environment. -
Endogenous Metabolite
17a-Hydroxypregnenolone is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). It acts as a substrate for the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), playing a critical role in steroidogenesis. This compound is valuable in research on adrenal steroid production and associated hormonal pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) from microorganisms acts as the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway. This enzyme serves as a critical source of NADPH, supporting various biological functions including antioxidant defenses, nitric oxide synthase activity, and cytochrome P450 metabolism. G6PD is particularly relevant for research into metabolic disorders such as diabetes, endothelial dysfunction, cancer, and cardiomyopathy, facilitating insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Meso-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin is a porphyrin derivative that serves as a versatile ligand in biochemical research. It exhibits strong interactions with metal ions and has been investigated for its potential applications in photodynamic therapy and as a biosensor for detecting endogenous metabolites. Additionally, its unique structural properties make it a useful tool in studying various biological processes and developing new therapeutic strategies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-N-Acetylgalactosamine is an endogenous metabolite involved in various biological processes, including glycosylation and cell signaling. It serves as a substrate for the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids, influencing cellular functions and interactions. This compound is valuable for research in carbohydrate biochemistry, cellular metabolism, and the study of glycan-related diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate is an endogenous metabolite that modulates cellular signaling pathways. It demonstrates significant bioactivity, particularly in inhibiting biliary damage induced by hepatic artery ligation, which is associated with the upregulation of VEGF-A expression. This compound also exhibits immunoregulatory effects, making it valuable for research on metabolic and inflammatory processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
ATP disodium trihydrate functions as a critical endogenous metabolite involved in energy storage and metabolism. As a primary energy source, it powers metabolic processes and acts as a coenzyme in various cellular reactions. Additionally, ATP disodium trihydrate plays a vital role in signaling pathways associated with immune responses and inflammation, making it an essential reagent for studies in cellular biology and biochemistry. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Stachydrine is an endogenous metabolite that primarily functions in promoting blood circulation and alleviating blood stasis, particularly noted in the traditional Chinese herb Leonurus heterophyllus. This compound has been shown to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting its potential role in modulating inflammatory processes. Stachydrine is valuable for research applications focused on cardiovascular health and inflammation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
5-Aminovaleric acid is a metabolic derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and is known to function as a weak GABA agonist. It plays a role in neurotransmitter regulation and may influence neuronal excitability and inhibition. This compound is utilized in research related to neuropharmacology, including studies on GABAergic signaling and the modulation of synaptic transmission. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-Alanyl-L-glutamine is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a dipeptide composed of alanine and glutamine. It exhibits antioxidant properties, reduces inflammation, and has been shown to modulate the heat shock protein response under catabolic conditions. This compound is useful for research applications focused on metabolic regulation and cellular stress responses. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Thyminose is a naturally occurring 2-deoxyaldopentose that serves as an endogenous metabolite. It is generated through the hydrolysis of the nucleosides found in thym nucleic acid. Thyminose is important for studies focused on nucleotide metabolism and may have implications in understanding thymidine-related biological processes. It can be utilized in biochemical research to investigate the roles of nucleotide derivatives in cellular functions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Oxocholic acid is an oxo-bile acid metabolite that plays a critical role as a major degradation product of cholic acid by Clostridium perfringens in the gastrointestinal tract. This steroid acid is primarily found in mammalian bile and is integral to studies on bile acid metabolism and microbial interactions within the intestines. Research applications include investigating metabolic pathways and understanding the effects of bile acids on intestinal health and disease. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Histone (calf thymus) is a core component of chromatin that plays a crucial role in DNA packaging and regulation of gene expression. This endogenous metabolite can be isolated from calf thymus through an acid extraction technique. Histones are essential for studying epigenetic modifications, chromatin dynamics, and their impact on various biological processes, making them valuable in research pertaining to genetics and molecular biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine is an important endogenous metabolite known for its role as a biomarker of oxidative stress and DNA damage. It serves as a key indicator in research studies focused on cancer biology and the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Measurement and analysis of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine can provide insights into cellular oxidative processes and their implications in disease pathology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Isodeoxycholic acid (7α,12α-Dihydroxycholanoic acid) is an endogenous metabolite and a 3β-hydroxylated secondary bile acid. It is generated through the epimerization of deoxycholic acid by intestinal bacteria and is primarily found in feces as saponifiable conjugates with long-chain fatty acids. This compound plays a significant role in the regulation of intestinal physiology and is useful in studying metabolic processes and gut health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Acetylcarnitine is an endogenous metabolite that functions primarily in mitochondrial energy metabolism and histone acetylation. It plays a crucial role in attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, making it relevant in the study of fatigue-associated diseases. Additionally, acetylcarnitine is being explored as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma, thereby contributing valuable insights in cancer research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Pyrocatechuic acid is an endogenous metabolite of benzoic acid found in human plasma. Its concentration is known to increase following aspirin ingestion, making it a significant biomarker for metabolic studies. This compound can be utilized in research exploring metabolic pathways, pharmacokinetics, and the physiological effects of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. -
Endogenous Metabolite
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) serves as an endogenous metabolite and is crucial in the biosynthesis of heme. It acts as a precursor for porphyrin synthesis, influencing various biological processes, including oxygen transport and electron transfer in cellular respiration. 5-ALA is widely used in research related to metabolic pathways, photodynamic therapy, and cancer diagnostics. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) is an endogenous metabolite that acts as a gonadotropin, promoting follicular development and ovulation in various animal species. It regulates endocrine functions by influencing blood hormone levels, gonadotropins, and cytoplasmic estradiol receptors within the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus. PMSG is widely used in livestock to enhance reproductive efficiency and serves as a valuable tool in research related to estrous cycle regulation and reproductive biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Indole-3-acetamide is an endogenous metabolite and a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of 3-Indoleacetic acid, a predominant auxin that functions as a natural plant growth hormone. This compound plays a critical role in plant development, influencing processes such as cell elongation and differentiation. It is a valuable reagent for research in plant physiology and the hormonal regulation of growth.
