Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Endogenous Metabolite
DL-3-Phenyllactic acid is an endogenous metabolite known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. It plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism and has potential applications in research related to microbial inhibition and metabolic regulation. This compound is particularly valuable for studying microbial resistance and the modulation of metabolic pathways in various biological systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Acetyl phosphate lithium potassium is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a critical regulator in bacterial metabolism. It is particularly significant in the process of lysine acetylation, influencing bacterial responses to environmental stresses and aiding in adaptive mechanisms. This compound is valuable for research involving bacterial metabolic pathways and the study of cellular stress responses. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Maleic acid is an endogenous metabolite that acts as an inhibitor of Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) in various bacterial species, including Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. It is primarily utilized in research applications investigating GAD activity and its implications in metabolic pathways. This compound is valuable for studies focused on microbial metabolism and the modulation of related biochemical processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Tridecanoic acid, a 13-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid, functions as an endogenous metabolite. It exhibits significant antipersister and antibiofilm properties, making it valuable for studies related to bacterial infections. Notably, Tridecanoic acid inhibits persistence and biofilm formation in Escherichia coli, providing a useful tool for research in microbial behavior and infection control. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1-Kestose is an endogenous metabolite categorized as the smallest fructooligosaccharide. It serves as a prebiotic that effectively stimulates the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, particularly Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and various Bifidobacteria. This compound is valuable for research applications focusing on gut microbiota modulation and its associated health benefits. -
Endogenous Metabolite
2(5H)-Furanone, also known as γ-Crotonolactone, is an endogenous metabolite that mimics N-acyl homoserine lactone signals, targeting LuxR homologs to disrupt quorum sensing-mediated gene regulation. This compound effectively inhibits quorum sensing associated with AHLs of varying acyl chain lengths and reduces biofilm formation in environmental *Aeromonas hydrophila* strains on polystyrene surfaces. Additionally, 2(5H)-Furanone has been shown to suppress spike-and-wave discharges in rat models of generalized absence seizures, demonstrating selective efficacy against this type of seizure. Its diverse biological activities make it a valuable reagent for research into bacterial infections and seizure disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Dimethyl sulfone, also known as methyl sulfonyl methane, is an endogenous metabolite derived from the metabolism of methanethiol and intestinal bacteria. This compound exhibits the ability to inhibit choriocapillary endothelial cell proliferation while also demonstrating various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and local anesthetic properties. Its diverse effects suggest potential applications in neuroprotection and other therapeutic areas. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Farnesol is a sesquiterpene alcohol that functions as an endogenous metabolite with notable antimicrobial properties. It has been shown to modulate cell-to-cell communication in Candida albicans and exhibits inhibitory activity against various bacterial species. This compound is valuable for research in microbial interactions and the modulation of pathogenic behaviors. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Defensin HNP-2 human is an endogenous antibiotic peptide that acts as a monocyte chemotactic factor, produced primarily by human neutrophils. This peptide plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response by exerting antimicrobial activity and recruiting immune cells to sites of infection. It is widely used in research related to immunology and host defense mechanisms, providing insights into innate immune responses and potential therapeutic applications for infectious diseases. -
Fungal Metabolite
Viridicatin is a fungal metabolite derived from Penicillium species. This compound exhibits moderate in vitro antibiotic activity, specifically targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Viridicatin can be utilized in research studies focused on tuberculosis treatment and the exploration of antifungal mechanisms, providing valuable insights into microbial interactions and resistance patterns. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Roemerine is an alkaloid derived from the leaves of Fibraurea recisa Pierre, acting primarily as an endogenous metabolite. It demonstrates antibacterial, anticancer, and antidepressant activities, with mechanisms including reversal of multidrug resistance in cultured cells and modulation of the cAMP signaling pathway. Additionally, Roemerine enhances neuronal activity by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression and influencing serotonergic and glutamatergic systems. This compound is valuable for research applications in cancer, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Hexadecanedioic acid, also known as Thapsic acid, is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism. It inhibits IRE1α-mediated XBP1 splicing, thereby affecting flipogenesis and ferroptosis. Additionally, Hexadecanedioic acid downregulates the expression of XBP1 and Hrd1 while activating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. This compound is valuable for research into metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and related metabolic disorders. -
Fungal Metabolite
Asterriquinol D dimethyl ether is a fungal metabolite that acts as an inhibitor of cell proliferation in mouse myeloma NS-1 cell lines, exhibiting an IC50 of 28 µg/mL. Additionally, it demonstrates inhibitory effects on Tritrichomonas foetus. This compound is valuable for research applications in studying fungal metabolism and evaluating potential therapeutic agents against specific cell types and pathogens. -
Fungal Metabolite
Lachnumon is a fungal metabolite known for its nematicidal and antimicrobial properties. This compound exhibits significant biological activity against nematodes and various microbial strains, making it a valuable tool for research in agricultural and pharmaceutical applications. Its unique mechanism of action offers potential insights into pest management and the development of antimicrobial agents. -
Fungal Metabolite
Colletodiol is a fungal metabolite that demonstrates immunosuppressant and antiviral activities. This compound effectively inhibits concanavalin A- or LPS-induced proliferation of isolated mouse splenocytes, with IC50 values of 12 and 5 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, Colletodiol has been shown to inhibit influenza A viral replication in HeLa-IAV-Luc cells, making it a valuable tool for research in immunology and virology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-Canaline is a nonprotein amino acid primarily associated with leguminous plants. It acts as a potent and irreversible inhibitor of ornithine aminotransferase and exhibits cytotoxic properties. L-Canaline has demonstrated significant antiproliferative effects and inhibits the growth of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 value of 297 nM. This compound is valuable for research applications in cancer biology and metabolic studies involving endogenous metabolites. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Tridecanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a significant role in metabolic regulation, particularly in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH). This compound serves as a potential node in the interaction network between intestinal microbiota and host metabolism. It is notably accumulated in resilient cabbage-type rapeseed varieties, indicating its involvement in plant defense mechanisms against pests such as the small cabbage moth (Plutella xylostella). Additionally, tridecanedioic acid may serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing plant insect resistance and diagnosing metabolic diseases. -
Fungal Metabolite
Paraherquamide E is a fungal metabolite derived from Penicillium charlesii, targeting nematodes and parasites. It exhibits significant antinematodal and antiparasitic activity, making it a valuable reagent for research in parasitology and agricultural science. Its biological properties can aid studies on the mechanisms of action against parasitic infections and nematode control strategies. -
Fungal Metabolite
Ophiobolin H is a fungal metabolite derived from Aspergillus ustus, demonstrating potent inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis. This compound also induces hyperacusia in day-old chicks at doses up to 375 mg/kg. Its unique biological properties make Ophiobolin H a valuable tool in research focusing on fungal metabolites and their effects on bacterial growth and sensory responses. -
Fungal Metabolite
BE 24566B is a polyketide fungal metabolite that acts as an endothelin receptor antagonist, targeting both ETA and ETB receptors with IC50 values of 11 μM and 3.9 μM, respectively. This compound demonstrates antibacterial activity against a range of Gram-positive bacteria, including B. subtilis, B. cereus, S. aureus, M. luteus, E. faecalis, and S. thermophilus, with reported MICs of 1.56 μg/mL for five of these species and 3.13 μg/mL for E. faecalis and S. thermophilus. BE 24566B is valuable for research applications in antimicrobial studies and receptor pharmacology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Amylin (IAPP), feline is a 37-amino acid polypeptide that serves as an endogenous metabolite derived from feline sources. This regulatory peptide is primarily secreted by the β-cells of the pancreatic islets, where it plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis by inhibiting the secretion of insulin and glucagon. Its unique biological activity makes it a valuable tool for research on metabolic disorders and endocrine function in feline models. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Phosphorylcholine, an endogenous metabolite, is a key component of many biological membranes, particularly in eukaryotic cells. It plays a crucial role in cell signaling and immune modulation, influencing both the host and microbial interactions in the microbiome. Due to its diverse immunomodulatory properties, phosphorylcholine is valuable in research applications related to immunology, microbiology, and cell biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Phosphorylcholine chloride is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in the formation of phospholipid membranes in eukaryotic biofilms. Found in both commensal and pathogenic bacteria, it plays a crucial role in host-microbe interactions. This compound exhibits diverse immunomodulatory effects, making it valuable for research in immunology and cellular signaling pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1-Hydroxypyrene serves as a primary endogenous metabolite and biomarker for exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particularly pyrenes. This compound is analyzed in urine samples to assess environmental and occupational exposure. Additionally, 1-Hydroxypyrene acts as an orally active agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which is implicated in various biological processes, including renal fibrosis. Its significance in toxicological studies makes it a valuable reagent for research applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Phenylpyruvic acid sodium is an endogenous metabolite that acts primarily as a precursor in the synthesis of 3-phenyllactic acid via lactate dehydrogenase. It exhibits notable antifungal properties, enhancing the activity of multiple lactic acid bacterial strains against fungal contaminants such as Aspergillus niger and Penicillium roqueforti. Additionally, phenylpyruvic acid sodium influences enzymatic activity in the pentose phosphate pathway, notably reducing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in rat brain homogenates, making it a valuable reagent for research in metabolic and antifungal studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Nicotinamide riboside malate is an endogenous metabolite that acts as an orally active precursor of NAD+. This compound is known to elevate NAD+ levels and activate sirtuin enzymes SIRT1 and SIRT3, playing a crucial role in enhancing oxidative metabolism. Additionally, nicotinamide riboside malate has demonstrated protective effects against metabolic disorders induced by high-fat diets and mitigates cognitive decline in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. It serves as a valuable tool for research into metabolic health and neurodegeneration. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Nicotinamide riboside tartrate serves as an orally bioavailable precursor of NAD+, primarily targeting the enhancement of NAD+ levels. It activates sirtuins SIRT1 and SIRT3, contributing to increased oxidative metabolism and protection against metabolic disturbances linked to high-fat diets. In preclinical studies, nicotinamide riboside tartrate has demonstrated potential in mitigating cognitive decline in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease, underscoring its relevance in neurodegenerative research and metabolic health exploration. -
Endogenous Metabolite
8-Oxo-dATP lithium is an oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate that targets the MTH1 enzyme. This compound plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism by being hydrolyzed into monophosphates, which effectively prevents the misincorporation of 8-oxo-dATP during DNA replication and transcription processes. It is applicable in research concerning oxidative stress, DNA damage repair mechanisms, and the fidelity of nucleotide incorporation in cellular systems. -
Fungal Metabolite
3α,11β,21-Trihydroxy-20-oxo-5β-pregnan-18-al is a fungal metabolite known for its role in biological processes associated with gut fungi. This compound exhibits various biological activities that contribute to the understanding of fungal metabolism and its impact on human health. It serves as a valuable research tool in studies investigating the interactions between gut microbiota and host physiology. -
Fungal Metabolite
5-Acetamidopentanoic acid is a fungal metabolite known for its role in various biochemical pathways. It exhibits potential biological activity that may influence metabolic processes in fungi. This compound is primarily used in research focused on mycology, microbial metabolism, and the study of fungal secondary metabolites. -
Mononucleotide
2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is a nucleotide analog targeting cellular processes associated with guanine. This mononucleotide serves as a key reactant in studies of self-assembly in solution and the nucleation and growth of G-quadruplex structures. In addition, it plays a role in nucleophilic trapping and reductive alkylation, making it valuable for research on oxidative stress and DNA synthesis. As a precursor to guanosine triphosphate (GTP), it is essential for various biochemical assays and applications in nucleic acid research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucuronic acid sodium salt monohydrate is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in the formation of anti-inflammatory proteoglycans. It plays a crucial role in promoting embryonic development and preventing cell aggregation. Upon metabolism to ethyl glucuronide, it activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is associated with pain regulation. Additionally, D-Glucuronic acid sodium salt monohydrate and its derivative glucurono-lactone function as liver detoxifiers and are recognized for their potential anti-tumor properties, making them valuable in various biological and pharmaceutical research applications. -
Cyclic Di-nucleotide
2'2'-cGAMP is a synthetic cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) that targets the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway, playing a crucial role in the immune response. It effectively induces the production of interferon-beta (IFN-β), a key cytokine involved in antiviral defense. While 2'2'-cGAMP exhibits a weaker affinity for STING compared to 2'3'-cGAMP, it demonstrates a stronger interaction than other CDNs, making it valuable for research in immunology and therapeutic applications related to immune modulation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
C16-18:1 PC (1-O-Hexadecyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is an endogenous metabolite and a pro-inflammatory lipid mediator from the platelet-activating factor (PAF) family of glycerophospholipids. This compound exhibits diverse biological activities and plays a significant role in signaling pathways related to inflammation. C16-18:1 PC can be utilized in research applications involving lipid metabolism, cell signaling, and inflammatory processes, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of various diseases. -
Endogenous metabolites
Prostaglandin F1β is a C-9 epimer of prostaglandin F1α, primarily targeting endogenous metabolites in biological systems. It is known to enhance respiratory rates in rabbits, making it valuable for research applications in respiratory physiology and metabolic regulation. Additionally, its role in various signaling pathways opens avenues for studying inflammatory processes and reproductive biology. -
Endogenous metabolites
5-trans Prostaglandin F2β is an endogenous metabolite and a key isomer of 5-trans Prostaglandin F2α, specifically the 9β-hydroxy form. This compound plays a significant role in various physiological processes, including vasodilation and modulation of reproductive functions. Its primary applications include research in cardiovascular biology and reproductive health, providing valuable insights into prostaglandin signaling pathways and their effects on cellular responses. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Kinetensin is an endogenous peptide that exhibits neurotensin-like properties. It has been isolated from pepsin-treated human plasma and functions as a neuromodulator, influencing various biological processes such as pain perception, neuroinflammation, and gastrointestinal functions. Kinetensin is utilized in research applications aimed at understanding neuropeptide signaling pathways and their implications in various physiological and pathological conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
[Leu5]-Enkephalin TFA is a pentapeptide that functions as an agonist at opioid receptors. This endogenous metabolite exhibits morphine-like properties, playing a significant role in pain modulation and analgesic pathways. Its biological activity makes it valuable in research focused on opioid signaling and the development of pain management therapies. -
Fungal Secondary Metabolite
Benzomalvin B is a fungal secondary metabolite that serves as a less active analog of Benzomalvin A. It exhibits weak activity against substance P, making it a compound of interest for research into neuropeptide signaling and related biological processes. Its properties may facilitate studies in pain modulation and the exploration of therapeutic avenues in neurobiology. -
Fungal Metabolite
Acetylaszonalenin is a prenylated indole derivative that acts as a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist. This fungal metabolite demonstrates significant inhibition of [3H]-substance P binding to human astrocytoma cells, with a Ki value of 170 μM. Acetylaszonalenin is applicable in research exploring neurokinin signaling and its role in neuroinflammation and related neurological disorders. -
Endogenous metabolites
Bicyclo-PGE2 is a stable decomposition product of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 13,14-dihydro-15-ketone PGE2. This compound is recognized for its relevance in studying the biological effects of endogenous metabolites. Its unique structure allows researchers to investigate the biochemical pathways influenced by prostaglandins and their role in various physiological processes. Bicyclo-PGE2 is a valuable tool for exploring cell signaling mechanisms and inflammatory responses in various biological systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N,N,O-Tridesmethylvenlafaxine is an endogenous metabolite of venlafaxine, primarily known for its role in modulating serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. This compound has been utilized in pharmacokinetic studies to assess drug metabolism and its effects on therapeutic outcomes. Its relevance in research extends to investigations of depression and anxiety disorders, facilitating a deeper understanding of the pharmacological profiles of related antidepressants. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Methylcrotonyl CoA is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a critical intermediate in the leucine catabolism pathway. It is converted to 3-Methylglutaconyl CoA via the enzyme 3-Methylcrotonyl CoA Carboxylase. Accumulation of 3-Methylglutaconyl CoA due to mutations in 3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA Hydratase can result in metabolic disorders, such as 3MGA-uria. This compound is valuable for investigating metabolic diseases linked to disruptions in the leucine degradation pathway. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Histone H1 (calf thymus) is a linker histone subtype that plays a crucial role in the organization and stabilization of chromatin structure within eukaryotic cells. This protein is involved in the regulation of gene expression and DNA compaction. It is primarily used in research applications related to epigenetics, chromatin biology, and studies on gene regulation mechanisms. Histone H1 is obtained through separation and purification from total calf thymus histones, ensuring high purity for experimental use. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucose-13C6 is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of D-glucose, targeting metabolic pathways involving glucose. This compound serves as an effective metabolic tracer for studying glucose metabolism and synthetic catabolism. Additionally, it can be utilized as a synthesis ingredient, minimal media reagent, or internal standard in various biochemical assays. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride is a dipeptide derivative that targets endogenous metabolites. It selectively induces apoptosis in lymphocytes with cytotoxic capabilities and can trigger stress in the endolysosomal pathway. This compound is valuable for research applications involving immune response modulation and the study of cellular stress mechanisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Betaine, also known as trimethylglycine, is an endogenous metabolite that functions primarily as a methyl donor, facilitating the maintenance of normal DNA methylation patterns. This compound is widely distributed in various food sources, including seafood, spinach, and wheat bran, and is recognized for its role as an osmolyte, helping to regulate cellular water and ion balance. In avian species, betaine enhances resilience to heat stress by preventing dehydration and osmotic inactivation, while also promoting beneficial microbial fermentation activity in the intestines under osmotic challenges. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium is a sodium salt of an endogenous metabolite, primarily involved in energy metabolism and ketogenesis. Elevated levels of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium are associated with type I diabetes and play a role in modulating membrane lipid properties, which can influence cellular functions. This compound is useful for research applications focused on metabolic diseases and the study of energy homeostasis. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Phenylacetylglutamine is an endogenous metabolite derived from the fermentation of amino acids by colonic microbiota. It plays a significant role in metabolic processes and can serve as an important biomarker in gastrointestinal research. This compound is utilized in studies examining microbial gut interactions and their influence on host metabolism. -
Endogenous Metabolite
(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid sodium is an endogenous metabolite primarily acting as a source of energy and metabolic precursor. It is produced from acetoacetic acid through the enzymatic action of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. This compound plays a vital role in cellular metabolism, serving as a nutritional source and a precursor for the synthesis of various compounds, including vitamins, antibiotics, and pheromones, making it valuable for diverse biochemical research applications.
