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COX Inhibitor
α-Spinasterol is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, exhibiting IC50 values of 16.17 μM and 7.76 μM, respectively. This compound demonstrates a range of biological activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and antioxidant effects. Furthermore, it can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier and has shown potential in improving diabetes in murine models, making it a valuable tool for research in inflammatory disorders and neurological conditions. -
Immunoactive Peptide
ESAT6 Epitope is an immunoactive peptide derived from the early secreted antigen target gene 6 (ESAT6), specifically designed to bind with high affinity to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, exhibiting an IC50 of 180 nM. This epitope plays a crucial role in enhancing BCG-induced cellular immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is valuable in studies focused on T cell-mediated immune responses and tuberculosis vaccine development. -
Immunosuppressant/Anti-inflammatory Agent
Umirolimus is a macrocyclic triene lactone derivative of Rapamycin that functions as a potent immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory agent. Its high lipophilicity enhances its efficacy in targeted drug delivery systems, making it suitable for use in drug-eluting stents (DES). Umirolimus is utilized in various research applications focused on transplantation, cardiovascular interventions, and inflammatory disease models. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Scutellarein tetramethyl ether (4',5,6,7-Tetramethoxyflavone) primarily functions as an anti-inflammatory agent. This bioactive compound, derived from Eupatorium odoratum, demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, pro-coagulant, and anti-tumor properties. It modulates the NF-κB signaling pathway to exert its anti-inflammatory effects and enhances coagulation time through the endogenous coagulation pathway. Additionally, Scutellarein tetramethyl ether has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 liver cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 20.08 μg/mL, making it relevant for cancer research and therapeutic studies. -
Anti-Inflammatory Agent
Ramifenazone, a pyrazole derivative, functions as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) primarily through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes, leading to reduced prostaglandin synthesis. It exhibits significant analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, making it valuable for various research applications in inflammation and pain management studies. Its multifaceted properties support its use in investigating therapeutic approaches for inflammatory diseases and related conditions. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
2′-Hydroxygenistein is an anti-inflammatory compound derived from the natural sources Crotalaria pallida and C. assamica. It demonstrates concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on the release of β-glucuronidase and lysozyme from rat neutrophils, exhibiting IC50 values of 5.9 ± 1.4 μM and 9.7 ± 3.5 μM, respectively. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research applications in inflammation studies and the modulation of immune responses. -
COX-1/2 Inhibitor
2-(p-Tolyl)propanoic acid is a selective inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, displaying IC50 values of 38.23 μM and 64.30 μM, respectively. This compound exhibits antimicrobial properties and is relevant for research on bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. Its mechanism of action positions it as a valuable tool for investigating inflammatory processes and antimicrobial resistance in various biological studies. -
Antibacterial Agent
Cloxacillin is an orally active antibacterial agent and β-lactamase inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.04 µM. It effectively suppresses the inflammatory response induced by Staphylococcus aureus by inhibiting the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and proteins associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome. This compound is useful for research applications focused on bacterial infections and inflammatory processes. -
COX1/2 Inhibitor
Indomethacin sodium is a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, exhibiting IC50 values of 18 nM and 26 nM, respectively. This compound demonstrates significant anticancer and anti-infective properties, making it valuable in various biological research applications. Indomethacin sodium is essential for investigating mechanisms related to cancer treatment, inflammation, and viral infections. -
Nrf2 Activator
Ginnalin A, a potent Nrf2 activator, demonstrates significant antiproliferative activity against HCT116, SW480, and SW620 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 24.8, 22.0, and 39.7 μM, respectively. This compound induces S phase arrest in cancer cells and activates the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway, leading to the upregulation of mRNA and protein expressions of key protective markers such as Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1. Additionally, Ginnalin A promotes the translocation of Nrf2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, making it a valuable tool for research into colon cancer mechanisms and potential therapies. -
Keap1/S349-p-p62 Interaction Inhibitor
K67 is a selective inhibitor targeting the interaction between Keap1 and S349 phosphorylated p62, with an IC50 of 1.5 μM. This compound demonstrates a weaker inhibitory effect on the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction (IC50 of 6.2 μM) and functions by competitively binding to Keap1's binding site, disrupting the aberrant activation of the p62-dependent Nrf2 pathway. K67 has been shown to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and increase the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells to chemotherapeutic agents by restoring Keap1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Nrf2. This makes K67 a valuable tool for investigating therapeutic strategies in cancer research. -
Anti-Inflammatory Agent
Triptohypol C is a Tripterin derivative that functions as a potent anti-inflammatory agent by specifically targeting Nur77. It exhibits a Kd value of 0.87 μM, facilitating the modulation of inflammatory responses through enhanced interactions between Nur77 and TRAF2 as well as p62/SQSTM1. This compound is valuable for research applications focusing on inflammation and related signaling pathways. -
AUTAC Ligand
TSPO ligand-3 serves as a ligand for AUTAC2, which features a p-fluorobenzylguanine (FBnG) moiety alongside a synthetic FKBP ligand (SLF). This compound exhibits notable biological activity by significantly silencing FKBP12 in HeLa cells. Research applications include studying targeted protein degradation and investigating the mechanistic pathways of autophagy-related and intracellular degradation processes. -
iNOS/ PKC-θ Dual Inhibitor
(Rac)-Anemonin is a dual inhibitor targeting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ). It selectively inhibits iNOS while also reducing the stability of the PKC-θ protein, showcasing significant biological activity. Research indicates that (Rac)-Anemonin can alleviate symptoms in dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute ulcerative colitis in murine models, making it valuable for studying inflammation-related diseases. -
iNOS/ PKC-θ Dual Inhibitor
Anemonin is a dual inhibitor targeting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ). This compound significantly reduces the translation and enhances the protein stability of PKC-θ, demonstrating potent anti-inflammatory effects. Anemonin has been shown to alleviate symptoms of dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute ulcerative colitis in murine models, making it a valuable tool for researching inflammation-related diseases. -
PAD4 Inhibitor
GSK484 is a selective inhibitor of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), effectively blocking the enzyme's catalytic activity to inhibit protein citrullination and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. This compound demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties by reducing histone H3 production, modulating MHC-I expression, and inhibiting CD8+ T cell activation and proliferation. Research applications include studies on rheumatoid arthritis, sickle cell disease, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and colitis, as well as investigations into intestinal microbial homeostasis and ferroptosis-related dysbiosis. -
PAD4 Inhibitor
JBI-589 is a non-covalent inhibitor selectively targeting the PAD4 isoform. This compound effectively reduces CXCR2 expression and inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis, making it instrumental in the study of inflammatory processes. JBI-589 demonstrates potential in diminishing primary tumors and metastases while enhancing the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors. It is suitable for various applications in cancer research. -
HLA-A*0201 Stabilizer
ELTLGEFLKL is a survivin-derived peptide that functions as a stabilizer of HLA-A*0201. This peptide demonstrates significant enhancement of HLA-A*0201 stability, making it a valuable tool in the study of tumor immunotherapy. ELTLGEFLKL can be employed in research focused on optimizing immune responses against cancer through modulation of peptide-MHC interactions. -
CCR3 Antagonist
SB-328437 is a selective non-peptide antagonist of the CCR3 receptor, demonstrating an IC50 of 4.5 nM. This compound effectively inhibits eosinophil migration induced by eotaxin, eotaxin-2, and monocyte chemotactic protein-4, making it valuable in studies of allergic inflammation. Additionally, SB-328437 has shown the ability to sensitize 5-FU-resistant gastric cancer cells and reduce neutrophil recruitment to the lungs, thus mitigating pulmonary inflammation during acute inflammatory responses. Its applications extend to the investigation of various inflammation-related diseases. -
Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Agent
Deoxyartemisinin (2-Deoxyartemisinin) is an orally active anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent that selectively reduces the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. This compound demonstrates efficacy in alleviating various forms of pain, including neuropathic and inflammatory pain, as well as reducing croton oil-induced ear edema. Additionally, Deoxyartemisinin exhibits anti-ulcer properties, making it a valuable tool for research focused on inflammatory diseases, pain management, and gastric ulcers. -
TNFSF13B/BAFF/CD257 Inhibitor
Aritinercept is a recombinant fusion protein that functions as an inhibitor of TNFSF13B (BAFF/CD257). This compound effectively neutralizes BAFF and APRIL, leading to reduced B cell proliferation and suppression of peripheral B cells, along with a decrease in serum immunoglobulins. Aritinercept has demonstrated beneficial effects in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by lowering markers of renal damage, as well as reducing levels of IFNγ, IL-17A, and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies. This reagent is suitable for research focused on systemic lupus erythematosus and related autoimmune disorders. -
CCR5 Antagonist
PF-232798 is an orally bioavailable antagonist of the CCR5 receptor, primarily known for its role in HIV entry into cells. By blocking CCR5, PF-232798 demonstrates efficacy in inhibiting HIV replication and offers potential applications in antiviral research. Its selective activity makes it a valuable tool for studying HIV pathogenesis and developing new therapeutic strategies against the virus. -
PROTAC Degrader
FC-14367 is a PROTAC degrader that selectively targets the HIV-1 Nef protein. It facilitates the formation of a ternary complex by simultaneously binding to Nef and Cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase, leading to the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Nef. This process restores the surface expression of CD4 and MHC-I molecules while effectively inhibiting HIV-1 replication. FC-14367 is valuable for research focused on HIV infection and AIDS pathogenesis. -
CCR5 Antagonist
CCR5 antagonist 2 is a potent inhibitor of the CCR5 receptor, exhibiting an IC50 of 8.34 nM. This compound demonstrates broad-spectrum anti-HIV-1 activity and can be utilized in research focused on HIV pathogenesis and therapy development. Its mechanism of action makes it a valuable tool for studies aimed at blocking viral entry and understanding the role of CCR5 in immune response. -
CXCR4 Antagonist
CXCR4 Antagonist 4 is a potent antagonist of the CXCR4 receptor, exhibiting an IC50 of 24 nM. It demonstrates enhanced permeability as assessed by PAMPA and has reduced activity on CYP 2D6. This compound is particularly effective in inhibiting the entry of human immunodeficiency virus, with an IC50 value of 7 nM, making it a valuable tool for research in virology and therapeutic development targeting CXCR4-mediated pathways. -
CXCR Antagonist
GSK812397 is a potent CXCR4 antagonist that functions by inhibiting the CXC chemokine receptor 4, a critical co-receptor for HIV-1 entry into host cells. This compound has demonstrated significant biological activity, making it a promising candidate for HIV treatment research. Its ability to suppress the replication of various late cytopathic viruses marks GSK812397 as a valuable reagent in the development of innovative anti-HIV therapies. Additionally, scalable synthetic routes enable efficient production, ensuring sufficient quantities for comprehensive investigation. -
CXCR Antagonist
CXCR4 antagonist 1 is a selective antagonist of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. It exhibits significant anti-HIV activity by inhibiting the interaction of CXCR4 with its ligands, thereby blocking viral entry into host cells. This compound is valuable in research focused on HIV pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic strategies targeting CXCR4. -
CCR5 Inhibitor
CMPD167 is a selective CCR5 inhibitor that exerts its antiviral effects by blocking the CCR5 receptor, which is critical for the entry of certain viruses into host cells. This compound demonstrates potent antiviral activity in vitro, making it a valuable tool for research on viral infections, particularly in studies related to HIV. CMPD167 can facilitate investigations into CCR5-related pathways and the development of therapeutic strategies targeting viral entry mechanisms. -
CXCR4 Antagonist
HF50731 is a potent antagonist of CXCR4, demonstrating a binding affinity with an IC50 value of 19.8 nM. This compound effectively inhibits key biological processes such as calcium mobilization and cell migration, with IC50 values of 119.2 nM and 621.4 nM, respectively. Additionally, HF50731 demonstrates the ability to inhibit HIV-1 infection through CXCR4 coreceptor blockade, achieving an IC50 of 1.5 μM. HF50731 is valuable for research in immunology, virology, and cancer biology focused on CXCR4 signaling pathways. -
CCR5 inhibitor
CB-0821 is a high-affinity CCR5 inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.04 nM. It effectively binds to the hydrophobic pocket of the CCR5 protein, disrupting the interactions between viral proteins and CCR5, which inhibits viral entry into cells. This compound is poised for use in anti-HIV research applications, facilitating studies on viral tropism and potential therapeutic strategies. -
CXCR Inhibitor
AMD-3329 is a selective CXCR4 inhibitor that targets the chemokine receptor involved in HIV-1 and HIV-2 entry into host cells. By obstructing CXCR4, AMD-3329 effectively inhibits viral replication, making it a valuable tool in HIV research. This compound is suitable for studies focused on developing therapeutic strategies against X4-tropic HIV strains and understanding the mechanisms of viral entry and infection. -
CCR5 Antagonist
E913 is a selective antagonist of the CCR5 receptor, effectively inhibiting the binding of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) to CCR5 with an IC50 of 0.002 μM. This compound also blocks MIP-1alpha-induced cellular Ca2+ mobilization, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.02 μM. E913 significantly suppresses the replication of both laboratory and primary R5 HIV-1 strains, including multidrug-resistant variants, with IC50 values ranging from 0.03 to 0.06 μM. This reagent is valuable for research into HIV-1 infection and related mechanisms of immune response. -
CCR5 Antagonist
GSK-214096 is a selective CCR5 antagonist that inhibits HIV-1 entry through the blockade of the virus's glycoprotein 120 (gp120). By targeting the CCR5 co-receptor, this compound plays a critical role in interrupting HIV-1 infection pathways. It is valuable for research applications focused on HIV-1 biology and therapeutic discovery. -
HIV Inhibitor
KRH-3955 is a potent CXCR4 antagonist that demonstrates significant anti-HIV-1 activity, particularly against X4 strains. It effectively inhibits the replication of various X4 HIV-1 clinical isolates and is active against recombinant strains with resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase, protease, and tyrosinase. KRH-3955 disrupts the binding of SDF-1alpha to CXCR4, thereby interfering with calcium signaling through this receptor, along with inhibiting antibody binding to CXCR4. With an oral bioavailability of 25.6% in rats, KRH-3955 has shown efficacy in vivo, making it a valuable tool for HIV research. -
Anti-inflammatory/Hemostatic Agent
Ethyl 10-bromodecanoate is an anti-inflammatory and hemostatic agent that targets pathways involved in inflammation and blood coagulation. It is structurally related to linolenic acid and exhibits notable antibacterial properties, making it a valuable compound for research into inflammatory responses and hemostasis. This reagent is suitable for studies focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects and potential therapeutic applications in hemostatic disorders. -
TLR8 Agonist
TLR8 Agonist 4 is a potent agonist targeting Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8), demonstrating efficacy against both wild-type and drug-resistant HBV strains, including those resistant to lamivudine and entecavir. The compound exhibits IC50 values of 0.15 μM and 0.10 μM, respectively, highlighting its potential for use in antiviral research and therapeutic development against Hepatitis B virus. -
HBsAg Peptide
HBV Seq2 aa:28-39 is a peptide derived from Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) that specifically interacts with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. This interaction is crucial for the activation of CD8+ T cells, making it an important tool for studying immune responses to HBV infection. It is widely used in vaccine research and T cell epitope mapping to enhance understanding of viral pathogenesis and immune evasion mechanisms. -
PROTAC Target Protein Ligand
DAPK1 ligand-1 is a PROTAC target protein ligand designed for the synthesis of PROTACs, including the DAPK1 Degrader-1. This compound facilitates the targeted degradation of LAG-3, demonstrating significant neuroprotective activity. Its application in research underscores its utility in studying the modulation of immune checkpoints and neuroprotection mechanisms in various biological contexts. -
PROTAC Degrader for FKBP12
22-SLF is a PROTAC degrader specifically targeting FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12), exhibiting a DC50 of 0.5 µM. This compound forms a ternary complex with C227 and C228 in FBXO22, facilitating FKBP12 degradation in an FBXO22-dependent manner. 22-SLF is a valuable tool for cancer research, serving as a probe to investigate the FBXO22-mediated degradation pathways. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
NAA-004 is a novel azo compound that acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by linking 5-aminosalicylic acid and 4-aminophenylacetic acid through an azo bond. It demonstrates significant oral bioactivity and effectively inhibits colon damage, intracavitary fluid accumulation, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. This compound is suitable for research applications focused on colitis and related gastrointestinal disorders. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Asperilin is a sesquiterpene lactone known for its anti-inflammatory properties, acting as a hydroxyl radical scavenger. This compound has been shown to increase lipid peroxidation levels in liver microsomes while significantly reducing liver glutathione (GSH) levels and enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Asperilin is suitable for research focused on inflammatory conditions and related biochemical pathways. -
COX-1 Inhibitor
NCX 466 is a selective inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, demonstrating notable anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It functions as a nitric oxide (NO) donor, enhancing microcirculation while exerting antioxidant effects. NCX 466 effectively reduces levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and oxidative stress markers, including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Furthermore, it mitigates leukocyte recruitment during inflammatory responses by decreasing myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, contributing to the prevention of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in murine models. -
BCL6 Inhibitor
WK500B is a potent BCL6 inhibitor that disrupts BCL6-corepressor interactions, leading to the reactivation of BCL6 target genes. With a dissociation constant (KD) of 1.61 μM, it demonstrates significant cytotoxicity against diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Additionally, WK500B effectively suppresses germinal center formation in C57BL/6 mice and reduces DLBCL tumor growth in SCID xenograft models without noticeable toxicity. This compound is valuable for research in the pathogenesis of DLBCL and potential therapeutic interventions. -
Tumor Suppressor Peptide
p53 (232-240) is a peptide derived from the 232-240 amino acid sequence of the human tumor suppressor protein p53. This peptide enhances binding affinity to the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), thus increasing its immunogenicity and bolstering the immune system's response to tumor antigens. p53 (232-240) is valuable in cancer vaccine development and studies focused on tumor cell recognition and clearance by immune cells. -
Anticancer/anti-inflammatory Agent
(rel)-Salcolin A is a flavonoid lignan recognized for its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. It demonstrates significant cytotoxicity against anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (HTH83) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (TPC1) cells, with IC50 values of 66.69 μM and 56.12 μM, respectively. Additionally, (rel)-Salcolin A effectively inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide production with an IC50 of 14.65 μM. This compound induces necroptosis in thyroid cancer cells and offers neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced damage, with an E50 value of 47.44 μM. It is suitable for research applications involving thyroid cancer, inflammation, and neuroprotection and can be derived from the leaves of Casearia arborea and the stems of Zea mays. -
Pyroptosis Inducer
PenCB (PCB 118) is a potent pyroptosis inducer that primarily activates the NFκB-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Its mechanism involves the induction of oxidative stress, which is mediated through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and subsequent upregulation of cytochrome P450 1A1. This compound is useful for studies examining inflammatory processes and cell death mechanisms, particularly in the context of pyroptosis-related research. -
Pyroptosis Inhibitor
Azalamellarin N is a selective inhibitor of pyroptosis, effectively modulating the inflammatory response by targeting upstream signaling pathways involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This compound exhibits differential inhibitory effects on various pyroptosis inducers, with notable potency against Nigericin and R837. Its mechanism provides a valuable tool for investigating the role of pyroptosis in cellular processes and disease states, making it significant for research in inflammation and immune responses. -
NLRP3 Inhibitor
NLRP3-IN-78 is a potent inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome, demonstrating a 46.72% inhibition rate in GSDMD-induced pyroptosis at a concentration of 5 μM. This compound effectively binds to the NLRP3 protein, hindering GSDMD-NT oligomerization and cleavage while also suppressing upstream NF-κB signaling. NLRP3-IN-78 serves as a valuable tool for investigating anti-inflammatory mechanisms and the role of NLRP3 in various disease models. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Betulonaldehyde is a pentacyclic triterpenoid primarily known for its anti-inflammatory properties. It exhibits potent antiplasmodial activity with an IC50 of 3.36 µg/mL and demonstrates cytotoxic effects against NCI H187 lung cancer cells and Vero cells, with IC50 values of 19.23 and 17.09 µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, Betulonaldehyde effectively inhibits inflammation induced by Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in murine models, making it a valuable compound for research in inflammatory responses and cancer biology. -
Anti-inflammatory Quassinoid
Shinjulactone M is a quassinoid with potent anti-inflammatory properties, primarily targeting inflammatory pathways. This compound is isolated from various parts of Ailanthus species and has demonstrated beneficial effects in research related to chronic bronchitis, epilepsy, and asthma. Additionally, it possesses febrifuge and anthelmintic activities, making it a valuable reagent for studies exploring its therapeutic potential in inflammatory and infectious diseases.

