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COX inhibitor
Flufenamic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Inhibits calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs). Also increases currents through TRPC6 channels and inhibits currents through TRPC3 and TRPC7 channels. - 21-Deacetoxy Deflazacort is an intermediate of Deflazacort, a systematic corticosteroid.
- Benzydamine Hcl is a locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with local anaesthetic and analgesic properties; selectively binds to prostaglandin synthetase and has notable in vitro antibacterial activity.
- Anti-Inflammatory Peptide 1, belongs to the group of synthetic oligopeptides corresponding to a region of high amino-acid sequence similarity between uteroglobin and lipocortin I.
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Immunomodulator
Aceneuramic acid is an immunomodulator potentially for treatment of hereditary inclusion body myopathy (HIBM). - Loxoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
- Takashi Azuma, .et al. , SEP PURIF TECHNOL, 2019, Apr; 212: 483-489
- Prostaglandin F2α is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used in medicine to induce labor and as an abortifacient.
- Michel R Corboz, .et al. , Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat, 2020, Oct 1;152:106486 PMID: 33011365
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anti-inflammatory
Amodiaquine hydrochloride is a 4-aminoquinoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties. -
anti-inflammatory (NSAID) agent
Ibuprofen piconol is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory (NSAID) agent for the topical relief of primary thermal burns and sunburns. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
β-Eudesmol is a sesquiterpene compound known for its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. It functions as a neostigmine antagonist, effectively countering neostigmine-induced neuromuscular failure and promoting apoptosis in various cell types. This compound is particularly useful in research applications focused on sepsis and related inflammatory conditions, enabling a deeper understanding of therapeutic interventions. Isolated from the rhizome of Atractylodes lancea, β-Eudesmol offers significant potential for the development of novel anti-inflammatory strategies. -
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Agent
Gaultherin is an orally active non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that selectively inhibits key inflammatory pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, COX-2 (IC50 = 0.35 mg/mL), LOX (IC50 = 0.56 mg/mL), and HYAL (IC50 = 28.58 μg/mL). This compound demonstrates anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities, making it suitable for research into inflammation-related conditions. Additionally, Gaultherin exhibits modest direct antioxidant capacity, particularly in cell-based models, while sparing COX-1, thus reducing the likelihood of gastrointestinal side effects commonly associated with traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Darutoside is an orally active diterpene compound that functions primarily as an anti-inflammatory agent. It exhibits notable analgesic properties and enhances wound healing by inhibiting COX-2 expression and the migration of inflammatory cells. Additionally, Darutoside modulates macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype through NF-κB pathway inhibition, thereby reducing inflammation. This compound has been shown to significantly alleviate acute gouty arthritis by regulating metabolic networks involved in inflammatory responses. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Methyl palmitate is a naturally occurring fatty acid ester that serves as a potent inhibitor of ΙκB phosphorylation. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory properties by modulating macrophage activity and down-regulating pro-inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α and nitric oxide. Methyl palmitate has demonstrated the ability to inhibit LPS-induced activation in Kupffer cells and rat peritoneal macrophages while also reducing phagocytic function in RAW cells. Additionally, it displays cardioprotective effects in models of ischemia/reperfusion injury and shows high toxicity against the pest species T. cinnabarinus, providing valuable insights for both therapeutic and ecological applications. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Calcein Blue AM is a fluorescent cellular dye that targets and labels live cells, providing valuable insights into cell viability and health. It exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, making it a useful reagent for research applications involving inflammatory processes. This compound is commonly employed in studies related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cellular responses to therapeutic agents in various disease models. -
Anti-Inflammatory Agent
LM-021 is a coumarin-chalcone derivative that functions as an anti-inflammatory agent through its ability to suppress the production of nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, along with the expression of CD68 antigen and histocompatibility-2 (MHCII). Additionally, it attenuates caspase 1 activity, lactate dehydrogenase release, and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This compound is suitable for applications in neurological research, highlighting its potential in studies related to neuroinflammation and related pathways. -
Anti-inflammatory Agents
(±)-Naringenin is an orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory agent that modulates both acute and chronic inflammatory responses. Its biological activities include antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and potential anti-cancer effects. (±)-Naringenin enhances vasodilation in endothelial cells via the activation of BKCa channels and demonstrates protective effects against experimental colitis by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4/NF-κB signaling pathway. This compound is relevant for research applications in sepsis, fulminant hepatitis, fibrosis, and cancer. -
Anti-inflammatory/Anti-tumor/Anti-fungal/Neuroprotective Agent
(+)–Magnoflorine chloride is an aporphine alkaloid that exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-fungal, and neuroprotective properties. This compound facilitates Parkin/PINK1-mediated mitochondrial autophagy and modulates the NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway, demonstrating essential immunomodulatory effects. Additionally, it inhibits the JNK and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways while activating the Sirt1/AMPK pathway to reduce neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. The ability to regulate miR-410-3p and suppress HMGB1/NF-κB signaling further underscores its potential in therapeutic applications across various diseases. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Forsythoside I is a caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside (CPG) known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Isolated from Forsythia suspense (Thunb.) Vahl, this compound demonstrates the capacity to provide protective effects in models of acute lung injury. Its biological activity makes it a valuable reagent for research in inflammation and respiratory health. -
Anti-inflammatory/Anti-tumor/Anti-fungal/Neuroprotective Agent
(+)-Magnoflorine is an orally active aporphine alkaloid that serves as an anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-fungal, and neuroprotective agent. It promotes mitochondrial autophagy through Parkin/PINK1 mechanisms and inhibits the NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway, demonstrating significant immunomodulatory effects. Additionally, (+)-Magnoflorine modulates JNK and TLR4/NF-κB pathways, activates Sirt1/AMPK, and alleviates oxidative stress and apoptosis in neuronal cells. Its capacity to upregulate miR-410-3p and inhibit the HMGB1/NF-κB pathway further supports its anti-tumor activity. Furthermore, (+)-Magnoflorine exhibits marked antifungal properties, making it a versatile reagent in chemical research. -
Inflammatory Lipid Mediator
2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid is an inflammatory lipid mediator that interferes with protein palmitoylation, thereby inducing ER-stress markers and reducing ER ATP content. This compound activates the transcription and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-8. Additionally, 2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid disrupts mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the cleavage of procaspase-3 and PARP. Notably, it can cross the blood-brain barrier, impacting ER and mitochondrial functions in human brain endothelial cells. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Kamebakaurin is an orally active diterpenoid that functions as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting NF-κB activation through direct interference with the DNA-binding activity of p50. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in tumor cells. Kamebakaurin is relevant for research applications focused on inflammation and cancer therapeutics. -
Anti-inflammatory/Antiviral Agent
Mulberrofuran G is a potent NOX inhibitor (IC50: 6.9 μM) and effective tyrosinase inhibitor. This compound demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antitumor, and neuroprotective activities. Mulberrofuran G is valuable for research applications related to tumor biology, neurodegenerative diseases, and various inflammatory conditions. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Balanophonin is an anti-inflammatory agent that effectively inhibits microglial activation and subsequent neurodegeneration. This compound plays a crucial role in preventing activated microglia-induced apoptosis, making it a valuable tool for research in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. Its applications extend to investigations of inflammatory pathways and potential cancer therapies. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Siegeskaurolic acid is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent that targets multiple inflammatory pathways. It effectively inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), along with the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). This compound is valuable for research applications focused on inflammation and associated disease models. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Berkeleyacetal C is a meroterpenoid compound that acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting the NF-κB, ERK1/2, and IRF3 signaling pathways. It effectively reduces the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and subsequent nitric oxide production in macrophages. Additionally, Berkeleyacetal C suppresses the expression and secretion of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MIP-1α, and MCP-1, while also inhibiting neutrophil activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This compound is valuable for research into inflammatory disorders. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
β-Bisabolol is a potent anti-inflammatory agent primarily acting through the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in LPS-stimulated macrophages and fibroblast cells. Its ability to decrease prostaglandin E2 (pGE2) production further underscores its anti-inflammatory properties. This compound is valuable for research on various inflammatory conditions, offering insights into therapeutic approaches for managing inflammation-related diseases. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
MDL 201112 is a carbocyclic nucleoside functioning as an anti-inflammatory agent. It effectively reduces TNF-α production and inhibits the expression of MHC class II Ia+ antigens. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on inflammation and immunology, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying these biological processes. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Delmitide (RDP58) is an orally active d-isomer decapeptide that functions as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. It effectively inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and interleukin (IL)-12, while also up-regulating heme oxygenase 1 activity. Delmitide is valuable for research applications focused on ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory conditions. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Asperflavin is an anti-inflammatory agent derived from the marine fungus Eurotium amstelodami. It effectively inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and proinflammatory cytokines, along with downregulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Asperflavin serves as a valuable tool in the investigation of inflammatory diseases and their mechanisms. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
TNF-α-IN-15 is a selective inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in various inflammatory processes. By decreasing TNF-α levels in the bloodstream, TNF-α-IN-15 exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity. This compound is valuable for research applications investigating inflammatory diseases and may provide insights into therapeutic strategies targeting TNF-α-mediated pathways. -
Anti-Inflammatory Compound
Gnetifolin E is a derivative of resveratrol trimer, derived from Gnetum brunonianum. It exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Gnetifolin E is utilized in research focused on inflammatory diseases and could serve as a potential lead compound for therapeutic development. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Anti-inflammatory agent 105 targets the inhibition of TNF-α synthesis and release, demonstrating a potent biological activity with an IC50 of 0.124 nM in the human macrophage cell line U937. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on understanding inflammation-related pathways and the development of therapeutic strategies against inflammatory diseases. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Sinulatumolin C is an anti-inflammatory agent that exhibits significant inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), with an IC50 value of 2.6 μM. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on understanding inflammatory pathways and exploring potential therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases. Its efficacy in modulating TNF-α makes it a useful tool in the study of immune responses and related biological processes. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Kaempferol 3-O-(2G-glucosylrutinoside)-7-O-glucoside is a potent anti-inflammatory agent that targets key signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt. This compound significantly reduces the production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Additionally, it suppresses the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, making it valuable for research into inflammation and related disorders. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
TNF-α-IN-12 is a potent inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with an IC50 value of 0.1 μM. This compound effectively reduces TNF-α levels in serum, demonstrating anti-inflammatory activity. It is suitable for research applications aimed at understanding inflammation-related diseases and evaluating potential therapeutic strategies targeting TNF-α signaling pathways. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
rel-Cleroindicin F is an anti-inflammatory agent that targets the NF-κB signaling pathway. It effectively inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) by downregulating NF-κB and its kinases in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. This mechanism contributes to the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, leading to decreased NO production. Rel-Cleroindicin F is valuable for research into inflammatory processes and potential therapeutic applications. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
SKF 104351 is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent that functions by inhibiting the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). This compound plays a significant role in modulating inflammatory responses, making it valuable for research focused on chronic inflammatory diseases. Its ability to suppress cytokine production positions SKF 104351 as a crucial tool for studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms underlying inflammation and developing therapeutic interventions. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Arucadiol is a rosane-type diterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties. It effectively inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, specifically TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8, by 39.8%, 44.4%, and 34.5% respectively at a concentration of 5 μM. This compound functions by reducing the mRNA and protein expression of these inflammatory mediators, making it a valuable tool for research on inflammation-related cardiovascular conditions, such as atherosclerosis. Arucadiol can be naturally sourced from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza var. alba. -
Anti-Inflammatory Agent
Sinulatumolin E is a terpenoid that functions as an anti-inflammatory agent, primarily through its ability to inhibit TNF-α, with an IC50 value of 3.6 μM. This compound exhibits notable anti-inflammatory activity, making it potentially useful for research in inflammation-related pathways and conditions. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Trigraecum is a flavonoid compound derived from Dracaena steudneri and Dalbergia cochinchinensis, functioning as an anti-inflammatory agent. It effectively inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, GM-CSF, and TNF-α in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Trigraecum is valuable for studies focused on inflammatory diseases and the underlying mechanisms of immune response modulation. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Anti-inflammatory agent 11 targets and inhibits key inflammatory processes by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. This compound demonstrates significant antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and M299, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC50) of 1.3 μM and 6.9 μM, respectively. Additionally, it effectively reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Anti-inflammatory agent 11 is suitable for research in tuberculosis and related inflammatory diseases. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Etiprednol dicloacetate is an anti-inflammatory agent that effectively inhibits eosinophil accumulation. This compound is valuable in the study of inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies. Its mechanism of action and biological activity render it a useful tool for researchers investigating respiratory inflammation. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Anti-inflammatory agent 41 is an effective inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in J774A.1, THP-1, and LX-2 cells. This compound also inhibits the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Its primary applications include investigating the mechanisms of inflammation and assessing potential therapeutic strategies in inflammation-related diseases. -
Anti-Cancer/Inflammatory Agent
Crocatin B is a natural compound derived from P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav that functions as an anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agent. It exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1. Additionally, Crocatin B demonstrates notable anti-tumor activity, making it a valuable reagent for research in cancer therapies and inflammation studies. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Anti-inflammatory agent 20 is a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) activity, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory properties. This compound effectively suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, leading to a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, as well as the enzymes iNOS and COX-2. It serves as a valuable tool for research applications focused on inflammation and related signaling mechanisms. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Antcin K is a selective inhibitor targeting multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MEK1/2-ERK, p38, and AP-1. It upregulates IL-10 expression, effectively inhibiting pro-inflammatory factor production, reducing monocyte adhesion, and minimizing tissue damage, while promoting myogenesis. Antcin K exhibits robust anti-inflammatory and tissue protective properties, making it valuable for research applications related to inflammation-associated diseases such as periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and skeletal muscle injury. -
Anti-inflammatory Agent
Secologanic acid is a secoiridoid glycoside that acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. It inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production and modulates the expression of AKT and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT). This compound demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity, making it valuable for research in chronic inflammatory conditions and related therapeutic applications.

