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Biomarker
Sphinganine-C17 (Heptadecasphinganine) is a synthetic bioactive sphingolipid and an isomer of sphinganine, primarily targeting fungal pathogens. It exhibits potent antifungal activity against Candida glabrata and Candida albicans, with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.5 μg/mL for both species. Sphinganine-C17 also serves as an effective internal standard for the chromatographic analysis of sphingosine compounds, facilitating accurate detection and quantification in biochemical studies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
N-Butanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone (Rac-C4-HSL) functions as a bacterial inhibitor by interfering with quorum sensing mechanisms. This racemic mixture includes both N-Butanoyl-D-homoserine lactone and N-Butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, the latter being significant in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). N-Butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone exhibits antibacterial activity by inhibiting biofilm formation, particularly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, making it valuable for research in bacterial communication and biofilm-related studies. -
Parasite Inhibitor
Hexyl gallate is an alkyl ester derivative of gallic acid that acts as a potent inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum, exhibiting significant antimalarial activity with an IC50 of 0.11 mM. Additionally, it demonstrates antibacterial properties by inhibiting the production of virulence factors such as rhamnolipid and pyocyanin through the inhibition of the RhlR regulatory protein. This compound is valuable for research in parasitic infections and the development of new therapeutic agents. -
β-lactamase Inhibitor
FPI-1523 sodium is a potent β-lactamase inhibitor targeting CTX-M-15 and OXA-48, with dissociation constants (Kd) of 4 nM and 34 nM, respectively. Additionally, it inhibits penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM. FPI-1523 sodium demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity, making it a valuable reagent in the study of antibiotic resistance and the development of novel antimicrobial therapies. -
Antibacterial Agent
PNU-101603 is a sulfoxide metabolite of Sutezolid, functioning as an antibacterial agent. It exhibits potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, effectively targeting both susceptible and multidrug-resistant strains. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on developing new therapeutic strategies for tuberculosis treatment. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
JPD447 is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme UppS, which plays a critical role in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. By targeting this enzyme, JPD447 enhances the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics, making it a valuable tool in combatting bacterial infections. Its application in research focuses on understanding antibiotic resistance mechanisms and improving antibiotic therapeutic strategies. -
Antibacterial Agent
Alpibectir is an antibacterial agent that targets bacterial cell proliferation. It exhibits significant antibacterial activity, making it suitable for studies focused on infection control and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. This compound can be utilized in research applications aimed at developing new therapeutics for bacterial infections. -
Antibacterial Agent
3-Bromo-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione is a potent antibacterial agent targeting various pathogenic bacteria. It demonstrates significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 32 μg/mL, 32 μg/mL, and 64 μg/mL, respectively. This compound is useful for research purposes focused on developing new antibacterial therapies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
4-Chloroquinaldine is a bacterial inhibitor that targets various bacterial species, demonstrating significant antibacterial activity. This compound serves as an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and research applications aimed at exploring antibiotic development and mechanisms of bacterial resistance. Its utility in microbiological studies makes it a valuable reagent for researchers in the field. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Picloxydine is a heterocyclic biguanide that serves as a bacterial inhibitor. It exhibits significant antibacterial and antiplaque activity, making it useful in various research applications aimed at understanding microbial growth and infection control. This compound can be applied in studies related to dental hygiene and the prevention of bacterial biofilms. -
Carrier of Antibacterial Agents
Montmorillonite is a 2:1 layered clay mineral primarily acting as a carrier for antibacterial agents. Its unique structure, featuring interconnected silicon-oxygen tetrahedral and aluminum (or magnesium) hydroxide octahedral sheets, enables effective ion exchange and adsorption of bacteria. This property allows Montmorillonite to enhance the delivery of ionic antibacterial agents, making it valuable in applications related to industrial decontamination and wastewater treatment for the removal of harmful ions. -
Antibacterial Agent
1650-M15 is a selective inhibitor of lipoteichoic acid synthase (LtaS), demonstrating significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The compound exhibits IC50 values of 62.44 μM and 66.42 μM for MRSA and MSSA, respectively, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 200 μM for both strains. 1650-M15 serves as a valuable tool for research focused on developing novel antibacterial strategies against Gram-positive infections. -
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
Sulfadiazine-d4 is a deuterium-labeled variant of the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfadiazine, which primarily targets dihydropteroate synthase to inhibit bacterial folate synthesis. This compound is utilized in research applications involving the investigation of sulfonamide pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and its effects on bacterial infection models, particularly toxoplasmosis. The stable isotope labeling allows for enhanced monitoring and analysis in various biochemical assays. -
Antibacterial Agent
Cefditoren sodium is a broad-spectrum, third-generation oral cephalosporin that primarily targets bacterial infections. It exhibits enhanced stability against various β-lactamases, allowing it to effectively combat both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. Cefditoren sodium is particularly useful in research focused on infectious diseases, including acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. -
Antibacterial Agent
Sanguisorbigenin is a natural antibacterial compound known for its ability to inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This agent demonstrates significant antibacterial activity, making it a valuable tool for research focused on tackling antibiotic resistance and developing novel antimicrobial therapies. Its efficacy against resistant strains supports its potential applications in both academic and clinical microbiology studies. -
HIV Inhibitor
Ilimaquinone is a marine sponge-derived compound that functions as an HIV inhibitor. It exhibits anti-HIV activity along with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties, primarily through the GADD153-mediated pathway. Additionally, Ilimaquinone has been shown to induce vesiculation of the Golgi apparatus, making it a valuable tool for research on viral infections and cellular mechanisms. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
LolCDE-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of the LolCDE protein complex, targeting bacterial lipid transport. It demonstrates significant antibacterial activity against E. coli MG1655, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 μg/ml. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on bacterial pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance mechanisms. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Enterocin K1 is a ribosomally synthesized peptide that functions as a bacteriocin, specifically targeting Enterococcus faecalis through the Eep protein on the bacterial membrane. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Enterocin K1 is primarily utilized in research focusing on VRE infections and the mechanisms of microbial resistance, making it a valuable tool in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. -
β-Lactamase Inhibitor
Metallo β-lactamase ligand 1 is an established class B β-lactamase inhibitor that targets metallo-β-lactamases, enzymes responsible for antibiotic resistance. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial activity, making it a useful tool in combating infections caused by β-lactamase-producing bacteria. It is particularly valuable in research focused on developing new antimicrobial strategies and understanding the mechanism of β-lactamase-mediated resistance. -
Antimicrobial Compound
Ro 25-0534 is an antimicrobial compound primarily targeting various bacterial pathogens. It exhibits significant antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas and is effective against a range of Enterobacteriaceae (MIC90: 0.06-2 μg/mL), Oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus, β-hemolytic Streptococcus, and penicillin-susceptible pneumococci (MIC90: 1-2 μg/mL). Additionally, Ro 25-0534 shows potency against Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90: 0.25-0.5 μg/mL), Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC90: 0.5 μg/mL), and most nonenteric Gram-negative bacilli (MIC90: 2-4 μg/mL), making it a valuable tool for microbiological research and infection studies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Fmoc-Tpi-OH is a biologically active amino acid that functions as a building block for the synthesis of antimicrobial peptide mimetics. Its unique structure allows for the development of compounds with potential antibacterial properties. This reagent is essential for research applications focused on peptide chemistry, drug design, and the exploration of new antimicrobial therapies. -
Antibacterial Agent
Continentalic acid is an antibacterial agent derived from Aralia continentalis, exhibiting minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of approximately 8-16 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. This compound demonstrates effectiveness against both methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. It serves as a valuable tool for research into antibacterial therapies and the development of new treatments for resistant bacterial infections. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Isopsoralenoside is a benzofuran glycoside derived from Psoralea corylifolia, functioning primarily as a bacterial inhibitor. This compound exhibits estrogen-like activity, promotes osteoblastic proliferation, and demonstrates antitumor effects. Isopsoralenoside's antibacterial properties make it a valuable tool for research applications aimed at exploring microbial inhibition and associated biological processes. -
Antibacterial Agent
Salazopyridazine is an antibacterial agent primarily targeting bacterial infections. It exhibits notable activity against ulcerative colitis, making it relevant for gastrointestinal research. Additionally, Salazopyridazine is utilized in studies related to rheumatic diseases, providing insights into inflammatory pathways and therapeutic strategies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Bixafen is a pyrazole fungicide that acts as a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, effectively targeting and inhibiting bacterial pathogens in cereal crops. Its broad-spectrum activity makes it a valuable tool in agricultural research, helping to elucidate mechanisms of pathogen resistance and manage crop health. Bixafen's specific inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase contributes to its efficacy in various fungicidal applications. -
Bacterial Division Inhibitor
Divin, a bacterial division inhibitor, acts as a potent chelator of iron, leading to a bacteriostatic effect against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. This compound disrupts the assembly of late division proteins, interferes with peptidoglycan remodeling at the division site, and inhibits cytoplasmic compartmentalization. Divin is valuable for research applications focused on understanding bacterial cell division mechanisms and developing new antibacterial strategies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Licoricone is a flavonoid derived from licorice that serves as a bacterial inhibitor. It demonstrates significant anti-Helicobacter pylori activity against both clarithromycin- and amoxicillin-resistant strains, as well as four clarithromycin- and amoxicillin-sensitive strains. This compound is valuable for research focusing on bacterial resistance and studies aimed at developing new therapeutic strategies against H. pylori infections. -
Antibacterial Agent
Thiamphenicol glycinate hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent primarily targeting bacterial protein synthesis. Its key biological activity makes it valuable for studying respiratory tract infections and various bacterial pathogens. This compound is instrumental in research applications focused on antibiotic resistance and the development of new antibacterial therapies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Nornidulin is a depsidone derived from Aspergillus nidulans, exhibiting significant antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium ranoe, as well as antifungal effects against Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum audouini. Additionally, it demonstrates potent inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 μg/mL. Furthermore, Nornidulin displays cytotoxicity in MOLT-3 cells with an IC50 value of 35.7 μM, while exhibiting lower toxicity against HuCCA-1, HepG2, and A549 cell lines. -
β-lactamase Inhibitor
Brobactam sodium is a potent synthetic β-lactamase inhibitor that effectively targets various β-lactamase enzymes. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, making it a valuable tool for enhancing the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics. Brobactam sodium is primarily utilized in research applications aimed at understanding antibiotic resistance mechanisms and developing new therapeutic strategies against resistant bacterial strains. -
Antibiotic Agent
Cefaloglycin is a nephrotoxic β-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic that exhibits significant antibacterial activity, specifically targeting Gram-positive cocci, excluding enterococci. Its mechanism involves inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it effective in clinical settings requiring treatment of specific bacterial infections. Additionally, Cefaloglycin has been shown to interfere with mitochondrial substrate uptake and respiration, adding to its profile as a compound of interest in biochemical and pharmacological research. -
Antibacterial Agent
4-Methoxycoumarin primarily targets bacterial pathogens and exhibits notable antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum. This compound is useful for research applications focused on the development of antimicrobial agents and further understanding of bacterial resistance mechanisms. Its unique structure may provide insights into the design of novel therapeutics in the fight against bacterial infections. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
3-CPs is a serotype capsular polysaccharide that inhibits antibody-mediated bacterial killing. By interfering with the immune response, it effectively reduces the phagocytosis of encapsulated bacteria. This compound is valuable for studying bacterial pathogenesis and the mechanisms of immune evasion. 3-CPs can inform research on vaccine development and therapeutic strategies aimed at combating encapsulated bacterial infections. -
Heat-inactivated Bacterial Luciferases Inhibitor
2-Nonanone is a ketone compound that inhibits the DnaKJE-ClpB bichaperone-dependent refolding of heat-inactivated bacterial luciferases. By interacting with hydrophobic segments of heat-inactivated substrates, it competes with chaperones such as IbpAB. This compound is valuable for research into bacterial infections and the mechanisms of chaperone-mediated protein refolding. -
Antibiotic
Micrococcin P1 is a macrocyclic peptide antibiotic exhibiting significant antiviral and antibacterial activity. Its primary mechanism involves the inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication, with an EC50 range of 0.1-0.5 μM. Additionally, Micrococcin P1 demonstrates in vitro antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC values of 2 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus, 1 μg/mL for Enterococcus faecalis, and 1 μg/mL for Streptococcus pyogenes. Furthermore, it is an effective inhibitor of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, making it valuable for diverse research applications in infectious diseases. -
Parasite Inhibitor
Hydroxymetronidazole, a metabolite of Metronidazole, functions primarily as an inhibitor of parasitic infections. This nitroimidazole derivative exhibits significant antibacterial and antiprotozoal activities, making it valuable in research applications related to bacterial and protozoal diseases. It is particularly useful for studying conditions such as swine dysentery, as well as genital trichomoniasis in cattle, contributing to a better understanding of these veterinary health issues. -
Antibacterial Agent
Halocarban is an antibacterial agent that targets a range of bacterial strains by disrupting cell membrane integrity. Its primary biological activity includes inhibition of bacterial growth, making it suitable for research in microbiology and potential applications in personal care products. Studies have shown its effectiveness in formulations that aim to combat odor-causing bacteria. -
Antibacterial Agent
Oleanolic aldehyde is an antibacterial agent that targets oral bacteria, specifically inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, which are linked to dental caries and periodontal disease. The compound demonstrates minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 488 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL against these pathogens, respectively. Oleanolic aldehyde is valuable for research focused on oral health and the development of antibacterial strategies. -
Antibacterial Agent
2-Hydroxy-1-methoxyanthraquinone is an antibacterial agent derived from the stem bark of Morinda lucida Benth. It demonstrates significant antibacterial activity, making it a valuable compound for research involving microbial inhibition and the study of bacterial resistance. This compound is useful in exploring potential therapeutic applications in the field of infectious diseases. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Ethyl Orsellinate is a lichen-derived metabolite and a derivative of lecanoric acid, primarily acting as a bacterial inhibitor. It exhibits notable antiproliferative and antitumor activities, making it useful in cancer research. The compound demonstrates significant cytotoxicity against A. salina, with an LC50 of 495 μM, indicating its potential as a bioactive agent in the study of microbial and tumor biology. -
Antibacterial Agent
Monascorubrin is an antibacterial agent derived from Monascus mycelia. It exhibits a range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory properties. Despite its therapeutic potential, Monascorubrin has been associated with embryotoxicity, exhibiting an ED50 of 4.3 μg in chicken embryos. This compound is valuable for research on tumors and inflammatory diseases, contributing to the understanding of their underlying mechanisms. -
Antibacterial Agent
16-O-Deacetyl fusidic acid lactone is an antibacterial agent derived from fusidic acid, primarily targeting Gram-positive bacteria. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial activity, making it valuable for research applications focused on Gram-positive infections. Additionally, it is ineffective against Gram-negative bacteria, which may influence experimental design in studies relating to bacterial resistance and infection control. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
EcMetAP1-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of Escherichia coli methionine aminopeptidase 1 (MetAP1), a key enzyme involved in protein maturation. By obstructing the enzymatic activity of MetAP1, this compound effectively disrupts bacterial growth and protein synthesis, making it a valuable tool for research focused on bacterial infections and antibiotic development. Its specificity towards MetAP1 further positions EcMetAP1-IN-1 as a potential candidate for studying the mechanistic roles of methionine aminopeptidases in pathogenic bacteria. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Urolithin M6 is a polyphenolic compound primarily recognized for its role as a bacterial inhibitor. This metabolite, synthesized through intestinal microbial metabolism, exhibits potential antioxidant properties and may function as an analogue to tannic acid compounds. Urolithin M6's production in humans necessitates the presence of specific bacterial 3-dehydroxylase activity, unveiling a novel pathway for its biotransformation. The metabolic profile of Urolithin M6 can aid in stratifying individuals for research aimed at elucidating its implications in health and disease. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Methyl octanoate acts as a bacterial inhibitor and is recognized for its role in antimicrobial activity. This compound has applications in food preservation and can be studied for its effects on microbial growth inhibition. Additionally, it serves as a volatile aroma component in various beverages, including persimmon wine, making it of interest in both food science and microbiology research. -
Macrocyclic Lipopeptide Antibiotic
Malacidin B is a macrocyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that exerts its antibacterial effects through a calcium-dependent mechanism. It has demonstrated significant activity against a range of Gram-positive bacteria, making it a valuable tool for researchers studying antibiotic resistance and developing new antimicrobial therapies. Its unique structure and mechanism of action provide avenues for exploring novel treatments in bacterial infections. -
Antibiotic
M 14659 is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with potent antimicrobial activity. It exhibits strong inhibitory effects against Gram-negative bacteria, notably Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This compound is applicable in research focused on antibiotic resistance and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for bacterial infections. -
Antibiotic
Cefpodoxime proxetil impurity B is a key impurity associated with Cefpodoxime proxetil, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. This compound exhibits antibacterial activity, primarily targeting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It serves as an important reference standard in pharmaceutical research and development for quality control and analytical studies evaluating the purity of Cefpodoxime proxetil formulations. -
Antibiotic
Erythromycin gluceptate is a macrolide antibiotic that targets bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits, inhibiting RNA-dependent protein synthesis through the blockade of transpeptidation and translocation reactions. Its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity makes it suitable for diverse bacteriological studies. In addition to its primary antibiotic function, erythromycin gluceptate has demonstrated antitumor and neuroprotective properties, providing valuable opportunities for research in oncology and neurobiology. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
NSC-79887 is a potent nucleoside hydrolase inhibitor that demonstrates significant activity against Bacillus anthracis. This compound serves as a promising candidate for biological testing and further development aimed at countering bacterial infections. Additionally, its pharmacokinetic profile suggests that all physicochemical parameters fall within acceptable ranges, indicating potential suitability for human use.

