HSV

Aciclovir is an antiviral agent primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, as well as in the treatment of varicella zoster (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles). It was seen as the start of a new era in antiviral therapy, as it is extremely selective and low in cytotoxicity.

Famciclovir(BRL 42810) is a guanine analogue antiviral drug used for the treatment of various herpesvirus infections.

Levamisole hydrochloride is an anthelmintic and immunomodulator belonging to a class of synthetic imidazothiazole derivatives.

Fiacitabine is a selective inhibitior of DNA replication of herpes simplex virus(HSV) with IC50 values of 2.5 nM and 12.6 nM for HSV1 and HSV2, respectively.

ASP2151, is a herpes virus helicase-primase inhibitor. ASP2151 had significantly better anti-HSV activity against herpes simplex keratitis than valacyclovir and acyclovir after systemic or topical use.

BAY 57-1293 is a potent helicase primase inhibitor. BAY 57-1293 inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and type 2 in the nanomolar range in vitro by abrogating the enzymatic activity of the viral primase-helicase complex.

Penciclovir is reported to be potent against HSV types 1 and 2 with IC50 of 0.04-1.8 μg/mL and 0.06-4.4 μg/mL, respectively.

Cytarabine hydrochloride, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM.

HSV-TK substrate is a substrate for HSV-TK, and induces multi-log cytotoxicity in HSV-TK-expressing and bystander cells. HSV-TK substrate shows antitumor activity.

B220 is an antiviral agent which can inhibit the growth of HSV-1, HSV-2 and human cytomegalovirus (CMV).

Helioxanthin 8-1 is an analogue of helioxanthin, exhibites significant in vitro anti-HBV/HCV/HSV-1/HIV activity with EC50 of >5/10/1.4/15 uM.

Cyclopropavir (Filociclovir; ZSM-I-62; MBX-400) is a broad-spectrum anti-herpesvirus compound, has good antiviral activity against cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HHV)-6 and HHV-8 with EC50s of 0.7 ??M to 8 ??M.

HSV-gB2 (498-505) is an immunodominant epitope from herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein B residues 498-505, acts as H-2Kb-restricted and HSV-1/2-cross-reactive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) recognition epitope.

AT-533 is a potent inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and herpes simplex virus (HSV), exhibiting strong antitumor and antiviral activities. It suppresses tumor growth and angiogenesis by disrupting the HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling axis, a critical pathway in tumor vascularization and progression. Additionally, AT-533 inhibits key downstream signaling cascades, including Akt/mTOR/p70S6K, ERK1/2, and FAK pathways. In endothelial cells, specifically human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), AT-533 effectively inhibits tube formation, cell migration, and invasion, highlighting its anti-angiogenic properties. These combined effects position AT-533 as a promising candidate for cancer therapy and angiogenesis-related disease research.

Brassicasterol is a metabolite of Ergosterol that primarily targets androgen pathways and exhibits antiviral activity against HSV-1. It demonstrates significant anticancer potential in prostate cancer by dual modulation of AKT and androgen receptor signaling pathways. Additionally, Brassicasterol inhibits sterol δ 24-reductase, contributing to the slowdown of atherosclerosis progression. Furthermore, it serves as a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its relevance in neurodegenerative research.

Acyclovir sodium is a selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV), exhibiting strong antiherpetic activity with IC50 values of 0.85 μM for HSV-1 and 0.86 μM for HSV-2. This compound induces cell cycle disturbances and apoptosis in infected cells. Additionally, Acyclovir sodium is utilized to prevent bacterial infections during induction therapy in acute leukemia treatments, demonstrating its versatility in research applications related to viral infections and hematological malignancies.

S-Acetylglutathione is a stable derivative of glutathione that serves as an effective HSV inhibitor. It is hydrolyzed by intracellular thioesterases to restore glutathione levels, particularly in fibroblasts lacking glutathione synthetase. This compound demonstrates significant antiviral activity by inhibiting viral replication in HSV-1 infection models. Additionally, S-Acetylglutathione induces apoptosis in cancer cell lines such as MOLT4 and UKF-NB-3, making it valuable for research in both virology and oncology.

Yatein is a lignan derived from A. chilensis with a primary mechanism of inhibiting herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication. It exerts its antiviral activity through the disruption of immediate-early gene expression, thereby reducing viral propagation. This compound is useful for research applications focused on viral infections and potential therapeutic strategies against HSV-1.

Acyclovir hydrochloride is an antiviral agent that specifically targets herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication. It exhibits significant antiherpetic activity, with IC50 values of 0.85 μM for HSV-1 and 0.86 μM for HSV-2. In addition to its antiviral effects, Acyclovir hydrochloride can induce cell cycle disruption and promote apoptosis in infected cells. This compound is also utilized in the context of bacterial infection prevention during induction therapy for acute leukemia.

Perillic acid is a metabolite of Perillyl alcohol and primarily acts as an anti-HSV-1 agent and cancer therapeutic. It has been shown to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in lung cancer cells, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent. Additionally, Perillic acid exhibits immunomodulatory properties, making it a valuable compound for research in virology and oncology.

Denotivir is an orally active antiviral agent targeting herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It exhibits significant inhibition of viral proliferation and demonstrates anti-cancer properties, influencing the growth of various cancer cell lines. Additionally, Denotivir plays a role in immunosuppression by inhibiting the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, making it relevant for research in virology and oncology.

Gallic aldehyde, also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde, targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) through its potent antiviral properties. This phenolic aldehyde exhibits notable anti-HSV-1 activity while also functioning as an effective antioxidant. Additionally, gallic aldehyde inhibits the gelatinolytic activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), as well as the activation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK signaling pathways. Its antibacterial effects are further demonstrated against Oenococcus oeni VF, making it a valuable reagent for diverse biological research applications.

16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin A1 is a prostaglandin analog that primarily inhibits DNA synthesis. It demonstrates significant antiviral activity by reducing viral replication in both herpes simplex virus (HSV) and HIV-1 infection models. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research focused on cancer biology and viral pathogenesis.

Abyssinone V is a prenylated flavonoid recognized for its antiviral properties, specifically as an inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Isolated from the stem bark of Erythrina melanacantha, Abyssinone V exhibits favorable pharmacodynamic characteristics. Its mechanisms of action include the inhibition of viral polymerase, ATPase activity, and disruption of membrane integrity, making it a valuable compound for research into HSV-related therapies.

Acyclovir monophosphate is a potent anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) agent that inhibits viral DNA polymerase, effectively blocking DNA synthesis and terminating viral DNA chain elongation. In addition to its antiviral properties, Acyclovir monophosphate has demonstrated antitumor activity. This compound is valuable for research focused on virology and cancer therapeutic applications.

Tromantadine hydrochloride is an antiviral agent that inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2). As a derivative of Amantadine, it demonstrates significant antiherpetic activity and is primarily utilized in research applications focused on HSV pathogenesis and therapy development. This compound serves as a valuable tool in the study of viral infections and potential antiviral treatments.

Isoborneol, a monoterpenoid alcohol, primarily targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) as a potent inhibitor. Exhibiting both antioxidant and antiviral properties, Isoborneol is utilized in research to explore its efficacy against viral infections. Its presence in the essential oils of various medicinal plants highlights its potential therapeutic applications in virology and pharmacology.

Soyasapogenol C is an oleanane-type triterpenoid that demonstrates significant antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). With an IC50 value of 18.9 μM, it effectively inhibits viral replication, making it a valuable compound for research in virology and therapeutic development against HSV-1 infections. Its unique mechanism of action and biological potency position Soyasapogenol C as a candidate for further exploration in antiviral studies.

5-Nitrobarbituric acid functions as an inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1), exhibiting an IC50 of 1.7 μM. This compound has demonstrated potential in virology research, particularly in studies aiming to understand and combat HSV-1 infections. Its utility in antiviral drug development positions it as a valuable tool for researchers exploring therapeutic strategies against herpes simplex viruses.

1-(2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil is a nucleoside analogue that specifically targets herpes simplex virus (HSV). This compound exhibits potent antiviral activity by inhibiting viral replication. It is utilized in research focused on developing therapeutic strategies for HSV infections and studying viral pathogenesis.

PNU-183792 is a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV) polymerases, classified as a 4-oxo-dihydroquinoline. It demonstrates broad-spectrum antiviral activity, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.69 μM for human cytomegalovirus (HCM), 0.37 μM for varicella zoster virus, and 0.58 μM for HSV polymerases. Importantly, PNU-183792 operates selectively, showing no activity against human α, γ, or δ polymerases. Additionally, it exhibits inhibitory effects on simian varicella virus (SVV), murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), and rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV), making it a valuable tool for antiviral research.

Leachianone G is an antiviral flavonoid derived from the root bark of Morus alba L., targeting herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). It exhibits significant antiviral activity, demonstrating an IC50 value of 1.6 μg/mL. This compound may be utilized in research focused on antiviral therapeutics and the mechanisms of HSV-1 infection.

HN0037 is a selective helicase-primase inhibitor targeting the herpes simplex virus (HSV). By interfering with the viral helicase-primase complex composed of UL5, UL52, and UL8 proteins, HN0037 effectively inhibits HSV replication. Its mechanism of action makes it a valuable research tool for studying antiviral therapies and HSV pathogenesis.

5'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxycytidine is a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV), effectively reducing the cytopathic effects of HSV-1 in primary rabbit kidney cells with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.2 μg/mL. Additionally, this compound demonstrates anti-proliferative activity against leukemia L1210 cells, exhibiting an IC50 value of 64.5 μg/mL. It serves as a valuable tool for researchers investigating viral infections and cancer biology.

Stearyl gallate, an alkyl gallate with an 18-carbon long alkyl chain, primarily functions as an antiviral agent against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). This compound exhibits notable antioxidant properties, making it a useful tool in research focused on viral inhibition and oxidative stress. Its multifaceted biological activity positions stearyl gallate as a candidate for further investigation in the development of therapeutic agents targeting viral infections.

Tromantadine is an effective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication, specifically targeting HSV-1 and HSV-2. As a derivative of Amantadine, it demonstrates significant antiherpetic activity, making it suitable for research applications focused on viral infection mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.

HSV-1 Protease Substrate is a peptide substrate specifically designed for the HSV-1 protease. It exhibits a specificity constant (kcat/Km) for cleavage of 5.2 M-1 s-1 at pH 7.5, making it an essential tool for studying HSV-1 protease activity. This substrate is valuable in research applications focused on herpesvirus biology, proteolytic processing, and the development of antiviral strategies.

ISIS 1082 is an antisense oligonucleotide designed to target the translation initiation codon of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 virion capsid protein. This compound effectively inhibits HSV-1 replication in vitro, demonstrating its potential as a research tool in elucidating the mechanisms of HSV pathogenesis and developing therapeutic strategies against HSV infections. Its specificity to viral targets makes it invaluable for studies in virology and molecular biology.

Ganoderone A is a triterpene compound known for its inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus (HSV). With an IC50 value of 0.3 µg/mL, it demonstrates significant antiviral properties. Ganoderone A shows promise for applications in the treatment of viral infections and may also have relevance in cancer research.

11-Deoxymogroside IIE is a cucurbitane glycoside derived from the fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii, primarily targeting viral inhibition. It exhibits notable inhibitory effects against the activation of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV-EA) when induced by TPA. Additionally, it demonstrates a weak inhibitory effect on the nitric oxide donor, NOR1. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research focused on viral infections and their mechanisms.

Peniterphenyl A is a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) through direct interaction with the viral envelope glycoprotein D. It effectively blocks the entry of the virus into host cells, thereby preventing infection by disrupting virus adsorption and membrane fusion processes. This natural product, derived from a deep-sea Penicillium species, represents a promising lead compound for further research and development in the field of antiviral therapeutics against HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Makisterone A 2-acetate is a steroid compound isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of Cyanotis arachnoidea. Despite its structural potential, experimental findings indicate that it exhibits no anti-HSV-1 activity. This compound may serve as a reference or control in research focused on herpes simplex virus type 1 and other related investigations in virology and pharmacology.

WAY-150138 is a selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), functioning by obstructing the incorporation of DNA-packaging proteins into viral capsids during assembly. This compound demonstrates potent antiviral activity against HSV-1 and may serve as a valuable tool for studying the mechanisms of viral replication and the development of antiviral therapies. Its application in research on HSV-1 will aid in understanding the virus's life cycle and identifying potential therapeutic interventions.

HSV-1/HSV-2-IN-2 is an inhibitor of both HSV-1 and HSV-2, displaying effective antiviral activity with EC50 values of 6.8 µM and 8.9 µM, respectively. This compound is also active against Varicella Zoster Virus (VV), with an EC50 value of 8.9 µM. HSV-1/HSV-2-IN-2 is suitable for research applications focused on understanding herpesvirus biology and potential therapeutic strategies.

HSV-1/HSV-2-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor targeting both HSV-1 and HSV-2 with EC50 values of 7.6 µM for HSV-1 (KOS) and 7.6 µM for HSV-2 (G). It also demonstrates activity against HSV-1 TK- KOS ACVr and vaccinia virus, showing EC50 values of 4 µM and 12 µM, respectively, in human embryonic lung fibroblast cell cultures. This compound is suitable for research focused on antiviral therapies and the mechanisms of herpesvirus infection.

Acyclovir elaidate is an orally active anti-HSV compound and a derivative of Acyclovir. This reagent effectively alleviates clinical symptoms of genital herpes in experimental female guinea pig models. Its potential utility in studying herpes simplex virus infections makes it a valuable tool for researchers in virology and infectious disease.

Karalicin is an antiviral agent that functions as an inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2), vaccinia virus, and poliovirus type I. It exhibits potent inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.004 μg/mL for HSV-1, 0.008 μg/mL for HSV-2, and 0.016 μg/mL for both vaccinia virus and poliovirus type I. This compound is valuable for research into antiviral therapies and the mechanistic study of viral infections.

5-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin is a porphyrin compound that targets herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2). It demonstrates potent virucidal activity, achieving inhibition rates of 85% against HSV-1 and 60% against HSV-2, with a maximum noncytotoxic concentration of 5 μg/mL on Vero cells. This compound serves as a valuable tool for studying antiviral mechanisms and can facilitate the synthesis of derivatives with enhanced antiviral efficacy.

17,17-Ethylendioxyandrost-5-en-3β-ol acts as an inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), displaying an EC50 value of 629 μM. This compound is relevant for research focused on viral infections and can be utilized to explore mechanisms of viral replication and potential therapeutic strategies against HSV-1.

SCH-43478 is a non-nucleoside antiviral agent that targets herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). It exhibits potent and selective activity with an IC50 of 1.8 μg/mL in Vero cells. Additionally, SCH-43478 shows significant efficacy in preclinical models of HSV infection, specifically in the guinea pig genital model, making it a valuable tool for research on antiviral therapies.