Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Endogenous Metabolite
(8Z,14Z)-Eicosadienoic acid is an endogenous metabolite classified as an ω-8 C20:2 fatty acid. It has been detected in human milk, corresponding to 0.19% of total fatty acids. This compound can be converted in vivo by desaturases into eicosatrienoic acids, which are known for their potent vasodilatory effects. The specific physiological effects of (8Z,14Z)-eicosadienoic acid remain to be fully explored, making it a valuable candidate for further research into its biological roles and potential therapeutic applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Fructose 6-phosphate dipotassium is an endogenous metabolite that primarily targets metabolic pathways related to cell growth and autophagy. It plays a crucial role as an intermediate in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, and it is hydrolyzed by fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. This compound can also be converted into D-glucose 6-phosphate by phosphoglucose isomerase, making it relevant in studies of metabolic disorders, including Lewy body dementia. Researchers can utilize D-Fructose 6-phosphate dipotassium to explore cellular metabolism and related pathological conditions. -
Leukotriene
14,15-Leukotriene D4 (14,15-LTD4) is a leukotriene synthesized from arachidonic acid via the 15-lipoxygenase-1 pathway in eosinophils. It exhibits potent biological activity in mediating inflammatory responses and is implicated in various respiratory conditions, including asthma and allergic reactions. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research applications focusing on leukotriene signaling and related inflammatory pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Fexaramate is a selective agonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), an endogenous metabolite involved in bile acid homeostasis and lipid metabolism. This compound plays a crucial role in regulating glucose and lipid levels, making it valuable for research into metabolic disorders, liver diseases, and therapeutic interventions targeting FXR signaling pathways. Its specific action on FXR enhances understanding of its physiological functions and potential therapeutic applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Promothiocin A is a thiopeptide that acts as an inducer of the tipA promoter. This compound is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces sp. SF2741 and functions as an endogenous metabolite, playing a pivotal role in gene regulation. Its ability to modulate bacterial gene expression makes Promothiocin A a valuable reagent for research applications in microbiology and molecular biology, particularly in studies focused on transcriptional control mechanisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
A-57696 is a cholecystokinin (CCK) antagonist that selectively targets cortical CCK-B receptors with an IC50 of 25 nM. It functions as a competitive antagonist, effectively reversing CCK8-induced pancreatic alpha-amylase secretion and phosphatidylinositol degradation, while also inhibiting CCK8-induced gallbladder contraction. Notably, A-57696 exhibits partial agonist activity at CCK-B/gastrin receptors on NCI-H345 cells, eliciting up to 80% of the maximal CCK8 response. This compound serves as a valuable tool in research focused on gastrointestinal physiology and the modulation of CCK-related pathways. -
Fungal Metabolite
Fellutanine A is a diketopiperazine alkaloid that serves as a fungal metabolite derived from Penicillium fellutanum. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, demonstrating potential antifungal properties. It can be utilized in research focused on studying fungal physiology and the development of antifungal agents. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Sorbitol-6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli is a key enzyme that facilitates the conversion of D-sorbitol 6-phosphate to D-fructose 6-phosphate. This dehydrogenase exhibits a significantly faster rate of oxidation of D-sorbitol 6-phosphate, being ten times more efficient than the reduction of D-fructose 6-phosphate. It is vital for various metabolic pathways and cellular processes, making it a valuable reagent for research in metabolic engineering and enzymology studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Cotinine, a primary metabolite of nicotine, acts as an endogenous biomarker for tobacco exposure. This alkaloid exhibits vasodepressor activity and has demonstrated antiproliferative effects when combined with nicotine against conditions such as pterygium. Additionally, (S)-(-)-Cotinine activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in a calcium-dependent manner, facilitating dopamine release. Due to its diverse biological activities, cotinine is employed in research focused on cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Estradiol 3-sulfate 17-glucuronide potassium is an endogenous metabolite derived from estradiol, specifically targeting the multidrug resistance protein (MRP). It is known to inhibit MRP-mediated transport of 17β-Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 22 μM. This compound is useful in studying the pharmacokinetics of estrogenic compounds and understanding their role in hormone metabolism and transport mechanisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Stearoyl-L-carnitine chloride is an endogenous long-chain acylcarnitine that serves as a modulator of glycine transport. It exhibits inhibitory activity on the GlyT2 receptor, reducing glycine responses by 16.8% at concentrations up to 3 μM. This compound is of interest in research focusing on neurotransmitter regulation and metabolic processes related to acylcarnitines. -
Endogenous Metabolite
24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in cholesterol homeostasis within the brain. As a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), 24S-OHC functions through a unique mechanism distinct from other allosteric modulators. Its high levels in both the brain and circulation make it a valuable tool for research into neurological functions and disorders related to cholesterol metabolism and synaptic transmission. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid sodium is an endogenous metabolite involved in the metabolic pathways of L-valine and thymine. It serves as a mediator in endothelial cell fatty acid transport and has implications in insulin resistance. Additionally, this compound can inhibit key enzymes involved in energy metabolism in the cerebral cortex of young rats. Elevated levels of 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid sodium are associated with conditions such as 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria, diabetes, and ketoacidosis, making it a significant target for research on metabolic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolites
Dipropyl disulfide serves as a substrate for flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO) and cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) in the oxidative formation of dipropyl thiosulfinate (DPDSO) via rat microsomes. This compound is metabolized to key metabolites, including propylglutathione sulfide conjugate and propylthiol, making it valuable for exploring mechanisms of sulfur metabolism and detoxification pathways. Its applications extend to research in drug metabolism and the study of endogenous metabolites in various biological systems. -
Fungal Metabolite
6',7'-Epoxybergamottin is a fungal metabolite derived from Penicillium digitatum, primarily known for its role in inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 activity. This compound exhibits significant biological activity relevant to pharmaceutical research, particularly in drug metabolism and potential interactions. Its application in enzymatic studies can aid in understanding the dynamics of drug interactions and the impact of fungal metabolites on human health. -
Endogenous metabolite
11,12-DiHETE is an endogenous metabolite formed through cytochrome P450-mediated epoxide formation followed by epoxide hydrolase activity. This compound plays a critical role in various biological processes and has been implicated in inflammatory responses. Its research applications include studies on metabolic pathways, cardiovascular function, and the physiological effects of eicosanoids. -
Endogenous Metabolite
17(R)-HETE is an endogenous metabolite derived from arachidonic acid via cytochrome P-450 pathways. This compound is known for its role in promoting cardiac hypertrophy, although it demonstrates lower efficacy compared to its isomer, 17(S)-HETE. It serves as a valuable tool for studying cardiovascular biology and the mechanisms of cardiac muscle remodeling. -
Endogenous Metabolite
O-Nornuciferine is an aporphine-type alkaloid derived from lotus leaf that acts as a potent inhibitor of the hERG channel. This endogenous metabolite is significant in the study of cardiac ion channels and provides insights into drug-induced cardiac arrhythmias. Its biological activity makes it a valuable reagent in pharmacological research and safety assessments. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Minoxidil hydrochloride is an ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener with significant vasodilatory properties. Its primary applications include use as a potent oral antihypertensive agent and in promoting hair growth. Additionally, Minoxidil hydrochloride exhibits inhibitory activity against soybean lipoxygenase, with an IC50 value of 20 μM, making it valuable for research in cardiovascular and dermatological studies. -
Fungal Secondary Metabolite
Benzomalvin B is a fungal secondary metabolite that serves as a less active analog of Benzomalvin A. It exhibits weak activity against substance P, making it a compound of interest for research into neuropeptide signaling and related biological processes. Its properties may facilitate studies in pain modulation and the exploration of therapeutic avenues in neurobiology. -
Fungal Metabolite
Acetylaszonalenin is a prenylated indole derivative that acts as a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist. This fungal metabolite demonstrates significant inhibition of [3H]-substance P binding to human astrocytoma cells, with a Ki value of 170 μM. Acetylaszonalenin is applicable in research exploring neurokinin signaling and its role in neuroinflammation and related neurological disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
O-Desmethylangolensin is an endogenous metabolite derived from the soy isoflavone daidzein, which is metabolized by gut microbiota. This compound exhibits notable antioxidant activity, making it a valuable biomolecule for research focused on oxidative stress and related pathologies. Its role in studying metabolic processes and the impact of dietary components on health further highlights its significance in biochemical investigations. -
Endogenous Metabolite
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid is an endogenous metabolite involved in the metabolic pathway of phenylalanine. It serves as a substrate for the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase (HPPA), which plays a critical role in amino acid catabolism. This compound is valuable for investigating HPD-related disorders, including type III tyrosinemia and hawkinsinuria, providing insights into their biochemical mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-(+)-Malic acid is an endogenous metabolite that acts as a competitive inhibitor of L(-)-malic acid transport. This compound is involved in various metabolic pathways and plays a critical role in cellular energy production. D-(+)-Malic acid is utilized in research applications focused on metabolic disorders, mitochondrial function, and the study of energy metabolism in various biological systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Octadecanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite with implications in metabolic research. It plays a role in cellular processes and has been investigated in the context of Reye's syndrome, contributing to understanding the disease's biochemical pathways. This compound is useful for studies focused on lipid metabolism and associated disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
α-Tocotrienol is an isoform of vitamin E that functions primarily as an endogenous antioxidant. It exhibits significant biological activity in reducing cholesterol and lipid levels, offering neuroprotective effects, and demonstrating anticancer properties. This compound is widely utilized in research focused on cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress, and potential therapeutic interventions for various health disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
16α-Hydroxyestrone (16αOHE) is an endogenous metabolite of Estradiol, primarily involved in estrogen metabolism. This compound serves as a valuable tool for investigating metabolic diseases and their relationship with hormonal regulation. Its biological activity offers insights into the role of estrogen metabolites in health and disease, making it significant for research in endocrinology and metabolic pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Allantoic acid, an endogenous metabolite, is a degradation product of uric acid linked to purine metabolism. It plays a significant role in various biological processes, including nitrogen metabolism and cellular detoxification. Research applications involve studying metabolic pathways and assessing physiological functions related to purine degradation in both physiological and pathological conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid sodium is an endogenous metabolite derived from the degradation of isoleucine. This compound serves as a biomarker for mustard airway diseases (MADs) and is implicated in uric acid stone formation. Its assessment can facilitate research in metabolic disorders and pulmonary health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Erythrodiol is an endogenous metabolite found in olive oil that targets the ABCA1 protein. It promotes cholesterol efflux by selectively inhibiting the degradation of this protein, thereby enhancing lipid homeostasis. Erythrodiol is a promising candidate for further investigation in therapeutic or preventive applications related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
2'-Deoxyinosine is an endogenous metabolite with implications in purine metabolism. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of human colon carcinoma cell lines, highlighting its potential role in cancer research. Additionally, it is associated with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency, making it a valuable compound for studying metabolic disorders and therapeutic interventions in oncology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid is an endogenous metabolite derived from 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF). This compound plays a crucial role in metabolic pathways and is primarily excreted through renal processes. It serves as a valuable biomarker for studying oxidative stress and its implications in various biological systems, contributing to research on metabolic disorders and environmental impacts on health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-O-Methyl-DL-DOPA is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a key biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid. This compound is utilized in research focused on neurological disorders, including epilepsy, purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency, and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Its role in metabolic pathways makes it valuable for investigating disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA ethyl ester) is an endogenous metabolite known for its role as an orally active omega-3 fatty acid agent. It enhances liver β-oxidase activity and decreases total triglyceride levels in the liver while increasing triglyceride and phospholipid omega-3 content. This compound is valuable in research applications focused on lipid metabolism and the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on liver function. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N-Acetyl-L-histidine monohydrate is an endogenous metabolite derived from histidine. It plays a significant role in various biological processes, particularly within the brain, retina, and lens of poikilothermic vertebrates. This compound is useful for research applications focused on metabolic pathways and neurobiological studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Cis-9,10-Epoxystearic acid is an endogenous metabolite with significant presence in plasma and urine. This compound is involved in various biological processes and can serve as a valuable marker for metabolic studies. Its applications include research into lipid metabolism and the investigation of epoxide-mediated cellular mechanisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-(-)-Lactic acid sodium is an endogenous metabolite that plays a critical role in various metabolic processes. It primarily functions as a product of anaerobic glycolysis, contributing to energy production and acid-base balance in biological systems. This compound is valuable for research applications involving metabolic studies, cell culture, and investigations into lactic acidosis. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Cyclo(Ala-Gly) is an endogenous metabolite known for its cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines, specifically A549, HepG2, and HT29. With IC50 values ranging from 9.5 to 18.1 μM, this compound serves as a valuable tool in cancer research, aiding in the investigation of potential therapeutic strategies and metabolic pathways linked to tumor cell viability. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3α,12β-Dihydroxycholanoic acid is an endogenous metabolite categorized as a bile acid, primarily found in human urine. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and is utilized in research to study the physiological effects of bile acids on metabolic pathways. This compound's analysis can aid in understanding the implications of bile acids in various health conditions and disease states. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid is an endogenous metabolite known for its role in promoting plant growth. This compound can be utilized in research applications aimed at understanding the biochemical pathways involved in plant development and metabolism. Its involvement in growth regulation makes it a valuable reagent for studies focused on agricultural science and plant physiology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N1,N8-Diacetylspermidine is an endogenous metabolite and a derivative of polyamines found in human urine. It has been identified as a potential prognostic indicator for cancer patients, providing valuable insights during treatment and follow-up examinations. Its relevance in cancer research positions it as a significant biomarker for monitoring disease progression and therapeutic response. -
Endogenous Metabolite
4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound recognized for its association with undesirable odors in wine, serving as an endogenous metabolite. Synthesized by intestinal flora, 4-Ethylphenol is converted into 4-ethylphenyl sulfate through the action of Lactobacillus plantarum. This compound is of interest in the study of aromatic profiles in fermented products and microbial metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract. -
Endogenous Metabolite
α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a key starting material for the synthesis of glucuronic acid. This compound exhibits cytostatic properties, making it relevant in cardiopathic therapy, while also demonstrating antibiotic and immunosuppressive activities. Its applications extend to the therapeutic support of the circulatory system, highlighting its versatility in biochemical research and therapeutic development. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Trihydroxycholestanoic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism. This compound is relevant for research into metabolic disorders, including Zellweger Syndrome, Refsum Disease, D Bifunctional Protein Deficiency, and Infantile Refsum Disease. Its study may provide insights into the pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches for these genetic conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Zaragozic acid A is a reversible competitive inhibitor of squalene synthase, acting as an endogenous metabolite. This compound effectively inhibits acute hepatic cholesterol synthesis in mouse models, with an IC50 value of 6 μM. Its application is significant in studies investigating cholesterol metabolism and the regulation of lipid biosynthesis. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Leukotriene C4 is an endogenous metabolite and an eicosanoid lipid mediator involved in type 2 inflammatory responses. This compound plays a significant role in mediating various biological activities such as inflammation, allergic reactions, bronchoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability. It is commonly used in research applications to study pathways related to asthma, allergic inflammation, and other related disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
5-Phenylvaleric acid is an endogenous metabolite primarily produced by gut microbiota through the metabolism of flavan-3-ols. This compound serves as a valuable biomarker for assessing flavan-3-ol intake in dietary studies. In addition, 5-Phenylvaleric acid can be utilized as a precursor for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates, making it relevant for research in biopolymers and sustainable materials. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Taurohyocholic acid sodium salt is a taurine-conjugated hyocholic acid that acts as an endogenous metabolite. It serves as a predictor of the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in combination with PD-1 inhibitors for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This compound is particularly valuable for researchers investigating metabolic profiles and treatment responses in liver cancer models. -
Endogenous Metabolite
2-Methylsuccinic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a significant role in various metabolic pathways. Its presence serves as a key biochemical marker in conditions such as ethylmalonic encephalopathy. This compound is useful for researching metabolic disorders and investigating biochemical processes in human fluids. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Succinyladenosine is a key endogenous metabolite formed through the dephosphorylation of intracellular adenylosuccinic acid (S-AMP) by cytosolic 5-nucleotidase. This compound serves as an important biochemical marker for adenylosuccinase (ASL) deficiency, facilitating research into metabolic disorders. Its role in cellular metabolism positions it as a valuable tool for studying nucleotide metabolism and related pathophysiological conditions.
