Immunology & Inflammation

Items 2201-2250 of 3399

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  1. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    5,7,8-Trimethoxyflavone is a flavonoid compound known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Isolated from Andrographis echioides, this compound effectively inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production with an IC50 of 39.1 μM. It is utilized in research applications focused on understanding the mechanisms of inflammation and exploring potential therapeutic avenues for inflammatory diseases.
  2. ZLc-002 S-enantiomer

    (S)-ZLc002 is the S-enantiomer of ZLc-002, a selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and its interaction with Capon. This compound demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing inflammatory nociception and alleviating chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. It serves as an important tool for researchers studying pain mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions in neuropathic conditions.
  3. iNOS Inhibitor

    L-NIL hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), demonstrated to have an IC50 of 3.3 μM in murine models. By inhibiting iNOS, L-NIL hydrochloride effectively reduces the production of nitric oxide, a key mediator in various inflammatory processes. This compound is utilized in research focused on inflammation, neurodegeneration, and associated pathologies where modulation of nitric oxide levels is critical.
  4. Anti-Inflammatory Agent

    Amaroswerin is a bioactive secoiridoid glucoside derived from Swertia mussotii, acting primarily as an anti-inflammatory agent. It exhibits multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiviral, anticholinergic, and immunomodulatory effects. Amaroswerin effectively inhibits nitric oxide (NO) release in RAW264.7 cells, demonstrating an IC50 value of 5.42 μg/mL, making it a valuable tool for research in inflammation and related health conditions.
  5. iNOS Inhibitor

    AMT hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), with a Ki value of 4.2 nM. This compound effectively modulates nitric oxide production, making it a valuable tool for studying inflammatory responses and related signaling pathways. It is applicable in research examining the role of iNOS in various physiological and pathological conditions.
  6. NOS Inhibitor

    D-NAME hydrochloride is a potent nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. By inhibiting NOS activity, D-NAME hydrochloride effectively reduces nitric oxide production, making it a valuable tool for studying the role of nitric oxide in various physiological and pathological processes. This reagent can be applied in research related to cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory responses.
  7. Nonenzyme Glycation Inhibitor

    Flazin is a non-enzymatic protein glycation inhibitor that targets glycation processes and peroxynitrite (ONOO-). It exhibits an IC50 value of 85.31 μM in inhibiting bovine serum albumin (BSA) glycation and an EC50 value of 71.99 μM for ONOO-. Flazin is valuable in research related to diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders and functions as a lipid droplet regulator, making it relevant for studies on lipid metabolism disorders. Additionally, it serves as an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XOD), further expanding its utility in various biochemical applications.
  8. NO Inhibitor

    Carboxy-PTIO is a highly effective nitric oxide (NO) scavenger, facilitating the rapid reaction with NO to generate nitrogen dioxide (NO2). This compound demonstrates significant biological activity in preventing hypotension and endotoxic shock, particularly in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat models. Carboxy-PTIO serves as a valuable tool in research focused on the roles of nitric oxide in various physiological and pathological processes.
  9. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Syzalterin is a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, demonstrating an IC50 value of 1.87 μg/mL. This compound effectively reduces NO production, making it valuable for research focused on nitric oxide-related signaling pathways and their implications in various physiological and pathological processes. Syzalterin can be utilized in studies exploring cardiovascular function, neurobiology, and inflammatory responses.
  10. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Cauloside C is a triterpene glycoside that acts as an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). It demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and downregulating proinflammatory cytokines. This compound is a valuable tool for research focused on inflammation and related signaling pathways.
  11. NO Inhibitor

    Futoquinol is a neolignan that acts as a nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor, derived from the dried aerial parts of Piper kadsura. This compound demonstrates potent inhibition of NO production in microglial cells, highlighting its potential in modulating neuroinflammatory processes. Futoquinol is valuable for research applications focused on neuroinflammation and related neurological disorders.
  12. NO Inhibitor

    Panaxcerol B is a monogalactosyl monoacylglyceride characterized as a nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor. It exhibits an IC50 of 59.4 μM in inhibiting NO production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on inflammatory responses and related signaling pathways.
  13. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    3-Amino-1,2,4-triazine acts as an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, thereby impacting NO production and modulating associated cellular signaling pathways. This compound is relevant for studying the role of NO in various biological processes and may aid in research applications focused on vascular function, neurobiology, and inflammation. Its inhibitory effects on nitrite secretion further enhance its utility in investigating nitric oxide-related mechanisms in biological systems.
  14. NO Inhibitor

    (3β,7β,12β,20Z)-3,7,12-Trihydroxy-11,15,23-trioxo-lanost-8,20-dien-26-oic acid is a lanostane triterpenoid that serves as a nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor, demonstrating potent inhibitory effects on LPS-induced BV-2 microglia cells with an IC50 of 9.55 µM. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity, making it a valuable tool for research applications focused on neuroinflammation and related pathways.
  15. iNOS Inhibitor

    BYK 191023 dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS), targeting the enzyme's catalytic center. This compound plays a critical role in research focused on the regulation of nitric oxide production and its implications in inflammatory responses. Its application is vital for studying both in vitro and in vivo effects mediated by iNOS, making it an essential tool for investigations into related pathological conditions.
  16. hDDAH-1 Inhibitor

    hDDAH-1-IN-1 is a potent and selective inhibitor of human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (hDDAH-1), functioning through non-amino acid catalytic site inhibition, with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 18 μM. By inhibiting DDAH, this compound regulates the metabolism of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), influencing nitric oxide production. This makes hDDAH-1-IN-1 valuable in research applications related to cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and conditions where nitric oxide dysregulation plays a critical role.
  17. hDDAH-1 Inhibitor

    hDDAH-1-IN-2 sulfate is a selective inhibitor of human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (hDDAH-1). This compound has demonstrated low toxicity and high cell viability, making it suitable for advanced research applications. It is valuable for investigating the role of hDDAH-1 in cardiovascular diseases and other physiological processes influenced by nitric oxide metabolism.
  18. iNOS Inhibitor

    L-NIL dihydrochloride is an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 value of 3.3 μM for miNOS. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity by curtailing nitric oxide production, which plays a critical role in inflammatory processes. L-NIL dihydrochloride is widely utilized in research to investigate the implications of nitric oxide in various pathophysiological conditions, making it an essential tool for studies related to inflammation and immune response.
  19. hDDAH-1 Inhibitor

    hDDAH-1-IN-1 TFA is a selective non-amino acid inhibitor targeting human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (hDDAH-1), exhibiting a Ki of 18 μM. This compound demonstrates potent inhibition of the enzyme's catalytic activity, making it a valuable tool for studying the regulation of nitric oxide synthase and the metabolism of asymmetric dimethylarginines. Research applications include investigations into cardiovascular diseases, endothelial function, and polyamine metabolism.
  20. iNOS Inhibitor

    iNOS inhibitor-10 is a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with an IC50 of 65 nM. It exhibits antiproliferative effects against triple-negative breast cancer cells, making it a valuable tool for research on cancer biology and therapeutic approaches targeting the iNOS pathway. Its application in studying the role of nitric oxide in tumor progression highlights its potential relevance in cancer research.
  21. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Harzianol L is an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, derived from the Trichoderma species SCSIOW21. This compound has demonstrated the ability to inhibit NO production, contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects. Harzianol L is useful in research applications focused on studying inflammatory processes and the regulation of nitric oxide in various biological contexts.
  22. DDAH Inhibitor

    Methyl-L-NIO hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), exhibiting an IC50 value of 70 μM. This compound also demonstrates inhibitory effects on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms, with inhibition rates at 100 μM of 77% for neuronal NOS (nNOS), 20% for endothelial NOS (eNOS), and 72% for inducible NOS (iNOS). At a concentration of 1 mM, Methyl-L-NIO achieves 100% inhibition of both nNOS and iNOS, and 85% inhibition of eNOS. This reagent is valuable for research applications involving the modulation of nitric oxide signaling pathways and the study of DDAH activity.
  23. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Harzianol K is a harziane-type diterpene derivative that acts as an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NO Synthase). This compound demonstrates significant inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production, making it a valuable tool for research in the anti-inflammatory field. Its unique origin from deep-sea sediment fungus Trichoderma sp. SCSIOW21 adds to its potential for exploring various biological pathways associated with inflammation.
  24. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    (+)-Rhododendrol is an anti-inflammatory compound primarily known for its ability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production. This property makes it a valuable reagent in research focused on inflammatory processes and related pathways. Its use is particularly relevant in studies investigating the mechanisms of inflammation and potential therapeutic interventions.
  25. Immunosuppressive Agent

    3,4-DAA is an orally active anthranilic acid derivative that acts as an immunosuppressive agent. It effectively mitigates colitis severity by inhibiting Th1 cell responses and promoting the expression of Th2 cytokines, as well as inducing CD4+CD25+ T cell expression. Additionally, 3,4-DAA reduces the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the release of nitric oxide (NO) from EOC20 cells stimulated by IFN-γ and lipopolysaccharide. This makes it a valuable tool for research in immunology and inflammatory diseases.
  26. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Anti-inflammatory agent 18, an established anti-inflammatory agent, demonstrates inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 15.94 μM against HMGB1-induced later inflammation. This compound is valuable in research applications focused on later inflammatory diseases, including coronavirus-related conditions such as COVID-19 and sepsis. Its mechanism of action supports investigations into potential therapeutic strategies for managing chronic inflammatory responses.
  27. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    2α-Acetoxy-14,15-cyclopimara-7β,16-diol is an anti-inflammatory agent that demonstrates a unique mechanism by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. This compound exhibits a modest inhibition rate of 28.1%, indicating potential for further investigation in inflammation-related research. Naturally sourced from the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia minax Hance seeds, it offers a promising avenue for studying anti-inflammatory pathways and therapeutic applications.
  28. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Camstatin is a potent inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase, functioning through its interaction with calmodulin. This 25-residue fragment derived from the IQ motif of PEP-19 demonstrates significant activity in modulating NO production. Camstatin is valuable for research applications focusing on nitric oxide signaling pathways and their role in various neurological conditions.
  29. iNOS Inhibitor

    GW274150 dihydrochloride is a selective and potent inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), demonstrating an IC50 of 2.19 μM and a Kd of 40 nM, alongside an ED50 of 1.15 μM for rat iNOS. This compound exhibits reduced activity against endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Research applications include studying inflammatory responses and evaluating protective effects in models of acute lung injury.
  30. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Abiesadine I is a diterpenoid with anti-inflammatory properties, primarily acting as an inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production. With an IC50 value greater than 100 μg/mL, Abiesadine I exhibits significant efficacy in RAW264.7 macrophages, making it a valuable tool for research applications focused on inflammation and immune response modulation. This compound is isolated from Abies georgei and is useful for investigating signaling pathways involved in inflammatory processes.
  31. NOS Inhibitor

    Iromycin A is a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), derived from Streptomyces sp. It effectively modulates nitric oxide production, making it valuable for research on vascular biology and inflammatory processes. This compound serves as a critical tool in studying the physiological and pathological roles of nitric oxide in various biological systems.
  32. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Trichaspside F is a sesquiterpene aminoglycoside that serves as a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. This compound effectively reduces nitric oxide production, exhibiting an IC50 value of 54.8 µM in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Its potential applications include studies related to anti-inflammatory mechanisms and the modulation of nitric oxide-related pathways in various biological contexts.
  33. NO Synthase Antagonist

    L-NMMA citrate is a competitive antagonist of L-arginine and effectively inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production by targeting nitric oxide synthase. This reagent is commonly used in research to study the role of NO in various physiological processes and to explore potential therapeutic interventions in conditions associated with dysregulated NO signaling.
  34. Adrenal Steroid Derivative

    α-Epibromide, also known as 16α-Bromoepiandrosterone, is an adrenal steroid derivative that functions primarily by decreasing nitric oxide production. This compound is notable for its ability to restore T helper cell type 1 activity and enhance bacterial clearance in chemotherapy-induced progressive pulmonary tuberculosis models. Additionally, α-Epibromide has been shown to reduce mortality associated with excessive inflammation and opportunistic lung infections, making it significant for research in immunology and infectious diseases.
  35. NO Donor Agent

    SP/W-5186 is a nitric oxide (NO) donor agent featuring a cysteine structure. It exhibits protective effects on cardiac function, reduces myocardial damage, and enhances vascular endothelial integrity while also inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. SP/W-5186 is particularly relevant in studies of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury due to its capacity to mitigate oxidative damage caused by peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻).
  36. Amucolitic aAent

    Telmesteine is an effective mucolytic agent that exhibits anti-protease activity. It has been shown to inhibit LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells, making it a valuable tool for studying inflammatory processes. This compound is particularly relevant for research on conditions such as acute and chronic bronchitis and obstructive airway diseases.
  37. NO Inhibitor

    Staphylionoside D is a nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor derived from Annona squamosa L. It demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity by effectively reducing NO production. This compound is of interest for research applications focused on inflammation-related pathways and the modulation of nitric oxide signaling in various biological contexts.
  38. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Harzianol J is a harziane-type diterpene identified as a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Exhibiting significant anti-inflammatory properties, it achieves an 81.8% inhibition of nitric oxide production at a concentration of 100 µM, with an IC50 value of 66.7 µM. This compound is suitable for research applications focused on investigating anti-inflammatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.
  39. Isoflavone Glycoside

    Achyranthoside A is an isoflavone glycoside derived from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata. It effectively inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), indicating its potential role in modulating inflammatory responses. This compound is relevant for research focused on inflammatory diseases, providing insights into anti-inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential.
  40. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Isofouquierol is a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production, primarily targeting the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway. This compound demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity by effectively reducing NO overproduction. Isofouquierol is applicable in research focusing on inflammation-related diseases, including chronic inflammation and immune disorders.
  41. Neuroprotective Agent

    SCR-4026 is a neuroprotective agent that effectively penetrates the blood-brain barrier. It exerts its protective effects by disrupting the interaction between neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and PSD9, with an IC50 of 6.3 μM. SCR-4026 has been shown to mitigate excitotoxic damage induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in primary cortical neurons and offers protection in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) models. Additionally, it reduces cerebral infarct volume in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) reperfusion model, making it a valuable tool for stroke research.
  42. iNOS Inhibitor

    ATV399 is an allosteric inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that effectively reduces nitric oxide (NO) production by preventing iNOS dimerization. This compound offers protective effects on rat pancreatic islet β-cells by mitigating cytokine-induced mitochondrial stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis. ATV399 is suitable for research applications focused on type 1 diabetes and related metabolic disorders.
  43. nNOS Inhibitor

    hnNOS-IN-3 is a selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) with a Ki value of 0.32 μM, demonstrating competitive binding with L-arginine. This compound exhibits remarkable selectivity, with 115-fold increased affinity for nNOS over inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, Ki=37 μM) and 29-fold greater affinity over endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, Ki=9.4 μM). hnNOS-IN-3 serves as a valuable tool for studying nNOS-related biological processes and potential therapeutic interventions in neurological disorders.
  44. Anti-inflammatory Agent

    Deltoin is a coumarin derivative that functions as an anti-inflammatory agent. It has demonstrated the ability to inhibit nitric oxide production, contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects. Research indicates that Deltoin significantly reduces paw edema, highlighting its potential applications in studying inflammatory processes and developing therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases.
  45. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Cycloneroside A is a sesquiterpene aminoglycoside that functions as an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It exhibits significant activity in reducing nitric oxide production, with an IC50 value of approximately 100 µM observed in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. This compound is valuable for investigating anti-inflammatory mechanisms and the modulation of nitric oxide in various biological contexts.
  46. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Oxyphyllenone A is a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), effectively reducing nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages. With an IC50 value of 28 μM, it serves as a valuable tool in investigating the roles of nitric oxide in inflammatory responses and related biological processes. Oxyphyllenone A is useful for research applications focused on immunology and cellular signaling pathways.
  47. NOS Inhibitor

    7-Nitroindazole sodium is a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) that effectively penetrates the blood-brain barrier. It demonstrates significant inhibitory activity towards central NOS, with an IC50 of 0.47 μM measured in murine cerebellar tissue. This compound exhibits neuroprotective and anti-injurious properties, making it a valuable tool for research into neurodegenerative diseases and neuropharmacology.
  48. NO Synthase Inhibitor

    Inflexuside A is a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon inflexus, this abietane diterpenoid effectively suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Its significant biological activity makes Inflexuside A a valuable reagent for research into inflammatory responses and nitric oxide signaling pathways.
  49. Sesquiterpene

    (4S)-10-Nor-calamenen-10-one, a eudesmane sesquiterpene, primarily enhances lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in microglial cells. This compound, isolated from Alpinia oxyphylla, serves as a valuable tool for investigating neuroinflammatory responses and exploring the roles of microglia in various neurodegenerative diseases. Its ability to modulate inflammatory pathways makes it useful for biological research focused on neuroinflammation and related therapeutic strategies.
  50. iNOS Inhibitor

    MEG hemisulfate is a selective and potent inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, exhibiting EC50 values of 11.5 μM for iNOS, alongside higher values for endothelial and brain nitric oxide synthases. In addition to its role as an iNOS inhibitor, MEG hemisulfate functions as a robust scavenger of peroxynitrite, mitigating peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage. This compound demonstrates protective effects in various inflammation-related models, including ischemia/reperfusion injury, periodontitis, and inflammatory bowel disease, making it a valuable tool for research in inflammatory processes and oxidative stress responses.

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