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Caspase-1/4 inhibitor
VX-765 is a novel Caspase-1 inhibitor,which is an enzyme that controls the generation of two cytokines, IL-1b and IL-18.- Takemasa Takii, .et al. , mSphere, 2025, 10:e00110-25 PMID: 40387341
- Jeong-Tae Koh, .et al. , Research Square, 2025, March 13
- Joseph Flores, .et al. , Cell Death Dis, 2022, Oct 11;13(10):864 PMID: 36220815
- Arjun Thapa, .et al. , Leukemia, 2021, 23 February
- Prenitha Mercy Ignatius Arokia Doss, .et al. , Cell Rep, 2021, Mar 9;34(10):108833 PMID: 33691111
- Joseph Flores, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2020, Sep 11;11(1):4571 PMID: 32917871
- Joseph Flores, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 3916 PMID: 30254377
- Mohamed F. Ali, .et al. , Front Immunol, 2017, 8: 1504 PMID: 29170665
- García-Fernández A, .et al. , J Control Release, 2017, Feb 28;248:60-70 PMID: 28069553
- Jiujiu Yu, .et al. , Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2014, 111(43): 15514-15519 PMID: 25313054
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Pan Caspase Inhibitor
Z-VAD-FMK is a cell-permeable, irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor. Inhibits caspase processing and apoptosis induction in tumor cells in vitro (IC50 = 0.0015 - 5.8 mM). Active in vivo.- Perla Nafeh, .et al. , BMC Complement Med Ther, 2025, Aug 13;25(1):304 PMID: 40804627
- Cheng Chen, .et al. , Neurochem Res, 2025, Mar 18;50(2):122 PMID: 40100474
- Lara Ebbert, .et al. , Antioxidants (Basel), 2024, Jul; 13(7): 864 PMID: 39061932
- Rushikesh Deshpande, .et al. , Int J Mol Sci, 2024, Jan 18;25(2):1157 PMID: 38256231
- Sarah Metcalfe, .et al. , J Leukoc Biol, 2023, Jul 27;qiad089 PMID: 37497744
- Kazutoshi Toriyama, .et al. , Oncol Lett, 2023, Nov 10;27(1):12 PMID: 38028184
- Bopei Cui, .et al. , Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2023, Sep 25;8(1):366 PMID: 37743418
- Akira Endo, .et al. , Dev Cell, 2023, Oct 9;58(19):1819-1829 PMID: 37716356
- Rui Zhou, .et al. , Nagoya J Med Sci, 2023, Aug;85(3):579-591 PMID: 37829490
- Chantal-Kristin Wenzel, .et al. , Toxicol In Vitro, 2023, Sep;91:105625 PMID: 37268255
- Joshua H Choe, .et al. , Cancer Discov, 2023, May 4;13(5):1250-1273 PMID: 37067901
- Yu-Chih Hsu, .et al. , Int J Med Sci, 2023, 20(4): 444-454 PMID: 37057216
- Debin Qi, .et al. , Cell Cycle, 2023, Apr;22(7):818-828 PMID: 36482709
- Ming-Chun Hung, .et al. , Cell Biosci, 2022, 12: 122 PMID: 35918763
- Kaori Kanemaru, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2022, May 9;13(1):2347 PMID: 35534464
- Chie Ishikawa, .et al. , Invest New Drugs, 2022, Aug;40(4):718-727 PMID: 35477814
- Aida Falgas, .et al. , Biomed Pharmacother, 2022, Jun;150:112940 PMID: 35421785
- Sumire Suzuki, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2022, Feb;47(2):40 PMID: 34958115
- Lina Y Abou Zeid, .et al. , Cell Stress Chaperones, 2022, Jan;27(1):11-25 PMID: 34719748
- Simon Boudreault, .et al. , Viruses, 2022, Dec 3;14(12):2710 PMID: 36560714
- Kosar Jabbari, .et al. , Cancers (Basel), 2021, Sep 8;13(18):4521 PMID: 34572749
- Xiaoyue Deng, .et al. , Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2021, May 3;62(6):1 PMID: 33938913
- Liqun Zhao, .et al. , Apoptosis, 2021, Apr 27 PMID: 33905036
- Sofia Giacosa, .et al. , Cancers (Basel), 2021, Feb 2;13(3):576 PMID: 33540838
- Hideyuki Kinoshita, .et al. , Anticancer Res, 2021, Dec;41(12):6013-6021 PMID: 34848455
- Hannes Schmid, .et al. , Haematologica, 2021, Jan 14 PMID: 33440919
- Hideyuki Kinoshita, .et al. , Anticancer Res, 2021, Oct;41(10):4947-4955 PMID: 34593442
- Hua Xu, .et al. , Cancers (Basel), 2020, Apr; 12(4): 831 PMID: 32235588
- El-Ashmawy NE, .et al. , Pathol Oncol Res, 2020, Jan 4 PMID: 31902118
- Schneider D, .et al. , Clin Epigenetics, 2019, Jul 2;11(1):98 PMID: 31266541
- Fujiki K, .et al. , Cell Death Differ, 2019, Feb 25 PMID: 30804470
- T Yamamoto, .et al. , Cell Microbiol, 2019, 2019 PMID: 30702185
- Maeda N, .et al. , J Biol Chem, 2019, Nov 13. pii: jbc.RA119.010379 PMID: 31723031
- Miyazawa S, .et al. , Breast Cancer, 2019, Oct 17 PMID: 31625014
- Yeh HT, .et al. , Eur J Pharmacol, 2019, Sep 10;863:172658 PMID: 31518562
- D. Bosc, .et al. , Sci Rep, 2018, 8: 11653 PMID: 30076329
- Tsukamoto H, .et al. , J Biol Chem, 2018, Jun 29;293(26):10186-10201 PMID: 29760187
- Hiroshi Kuribayashi, .et al. , Cell Death Dis, 2018, Sep; 9(9): 891 PMID: 30166529
- Matsuo J, .et al. , Can J Microbiol, 2018, Oct 18:1-9 PMID: 30336068
- Orly Ravid, .et al. , Front Cell Neurosci, 2018, 12: 359 PMID: 30459557
- Im E, .et al. , Life Sci, 2018, Sep 15;209:259-266 PMID: 30107166
- Szalai P, .et al. , Cell Calcium, 2018, Dec;76:48-61 PMID: 30261424
- Im E, .et al. , Life Sci, 2018, Jan 1;192:286-292 PMID: 29128513
- Iriyama N, .et al. , Leuk Lymphoma, 2018, Jun;59(6):1439-1450 PMID: 28918692
- Birte Plitzko, .et al. , J Biol Chem, 2017, Dec 22; 292(51): 21102-21116 PMID: 29074620
- Akashi E, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2017, Jul;38(1):506-514 PMID: 28586026
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Caspase-6 inhibitor
Z-VEID-FMK is the specific recognition sequence for caspase-6/Mch2. Z-VEID-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits activity of VEID-dependent caspases (e.g., caspase-6). The inhibitor is designed as a methyl ester to facilitate cell permeability. -
Caspase-2 inhibitor
Z-VDVAD-FMK is a cell-permeable, irreversible inhibitor of caspase-2. Caspase inhibitors play an important role in investigating biological processes. -
Caspase-3 inhibitor
Z-DQMD-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits the activity of Caspase-3.- Jason Segura, .et al. , PLoS One, 2023, Feb 13;18(2):e0281087 PMID: 36780482
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caspase 8 inhibitor
Z-IETD-FMK is a specific inhibitor of caspase 8.- Jason Segura, .et al. , PLoS One, 2023, Feb 13;18(2):e0281087 PMID: 36780482
- Liqun Zhao, .et al. , Apoptosis, 2021, Apr 27 PMID: 33905036
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Caspase-3 Inhibitor
Z-DEVD-FMK is a specific, irreversible Caspase-3 inhibitor.- Megumi Andoh, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2025, Jan 22;16(1):918 PMID: 39843445
- Geoffrey Canet, .et al. , Res Sq, 2024, May 14:rs.3.rs-4384494 PMID: 38798432
- Roi Ankawa, .et al. , Dev Cell, 2021, Jul 12;56(13):1900-1916 PMID: 34197726
- Yosefzon Y, .et al. , Mol Cell, 2018, May 17;70(4):573-587.e4 PMID: 29775577
- Akashi E, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2017, Jul;38(1):506-514 PMID: 28586026
- Wenquan Liang, .et al. , Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 38267 PMID: 27905569
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Caspase inhibitor
Nivocasan is a novel caspase-inhibitor has demonstrated hepatoprotective activity in fibrosis/apoptosis animal models.- Sohya Fujimoto, .et al. , Cells, 2025, Mar 27;14(7):498 PMID: 40214452
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Caspase-9 Inhibitor
Z-LEHD-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits caspase-9 and related caspase activity.- Jason Segura, .et al. , PLoS One, 2023, Feb 13;18(2):e0281087 PMID: 36780482
- Wenquan Liang, .et al. , Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 38267 PMID: 27905569
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Caspase inhibitor
Q-VD-OPH is a selective, brain and cell permeable, highly potent and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-3 ( IC50=25nm), caspase-1 (IC50=50nM), caspase-8 (IC50=100nM) and caspase-9 (IC50=430nM).- Andrew Kent, .et al. , Nat Immunol, 2025, Jan;26(1):53-67 PMID: 39747433
- Anna L Koessinger, .et al. , Cell Death Differ, 2022, Apr 26 PMID: 35473984
- Florian J Bock, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2021, Nov 12;12(1):6572 PMID: 34772930
- Davide Pradella, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2021, 12: 4872 PMID: 34381052
- Haschka MD, .et al. , Cell Death Differ, 2020, Feb 3 PMID: 32015503
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Caspase inhibitor
Z-WEHD-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits caspase-5 and related caspase activity. -
Caspase-3 inhibitor
AZ 10417808, selective non-peptide inhibitor of caspase-3 (Ki = 247 nM); displays > 40-fold selectivity over caspases 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8 (Ki > 10 uM). -
Caspase-3 inhibitor
Ivachtin is a potent, cell-permeable, reversible, non-competitive inhibitor of Caspase-3 (IC50 = 23 nM).- Yosefzon Y, .et al. , Mol Cell, 2018, May 17;70(4):573-587.e4 PMID: 29775577
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Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-DEVD-CHO is an aldehyde peptide and a CPP32/Apopain Inhibitor. -
Caspase-1 inhibitor
Z-YVAD-FMK is a potent cell-permeable and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-1.- Binjie Yan, .et al. , Cell Death Discov, 2023, 9: 456 PMID: 38097554
- Yuping Fan, .et al. , Sci Transl Med, 2021, Jul 28;13(604):eabb1069 PMID: 34321317
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Caspase inhibitor
Z-VAD(OH)-FMK is an irreversible tripeptide inhibitor of all caspases. -
Cysteine protease inhibitor
(S,S)-Z-FA-FMK is an irreversible inhibitor of cysteine protease
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caspase inhibitor
Biotin-VAD-FMK is a cell permeable, irreversible biotin-labeled caspase inhibitor, used to identify active caspases in cell lysates. -
Caspase-1 inhibitor
Ac-YVAD-cmk (Caspase-1 Inhibitor II) is a selective, irreversible inhibitor of caspase-1 (also known as IL-1β converting enzyme, ICE). It exhibits potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Ac-YVAD-cmk also inhibits pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory cell death, making it a valuable tool for studying inflammation-related diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. -
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inhibitor
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TDUCA) dihydrate is an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that significantly downregulates pro-apoptotic molecules, including caspase-3 and caspase-12. Additionally, it suppresses ERK signaling, contributing to its cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Z-VA-DL-D-FMK is an irreversible caspase inhibitor that targets and binds to caspases, modulating their activity. This compound enhances the sensitivity of TNF-α, thereby influencing apoptotic pathways. Additionally, Z-VA-DL-D-FMK has been shown to activate HIV replication in infected T cells, such as ACH-2, making it valuable for studies in cell signaling and viral reactivation. -
Caspase-1 Inhibitor
Ac-AAVALLPAVLLALLAP-YVAD-CHO is a cell-permeable inhibitor of caspase-1, a key enzyme involved in inflammatory processes and programmed cell death. This compound demonstrates significant antitumor activity by modulating inflammatory responses and apoptosis. It is suitable for research applications focused on understanding caspase-1's role in cancer biology and related inflammatory diseases. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-VEID-CHO is a potent peptide-derived caspase inhibitor that targets Caspase-3, Caspase-6, and Caspase-7, displaying IC50 values of 13.6 nM, 16.2 nM, and 162.1 nM, respectively. Additionally, it inhibits VEIDase activity with an IC50 of 0.49 µM. This compound is valuable for research into neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease, facilitating the study of apoptotic pathways and potential therapeutic interventions. -
Caspase-1 Inhibitor
Ac-Trp-Glu-His-Asp-Aldehyde is a selective inhibitor of caspase-1, demonstrating a remarkable Ki value of 56 pM. This compound plays a crucial role in the modulation of inflammatory processes by inhibiting the activation of caspase-1, an essential enzyme in the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is widely utilized in research focused on innate immunity, inflammation, and therapeutic approaches for diseases driven by caspase-1 activity. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-VAD-CMK is a pan-caspase inhibitor that effectively targets and inhibits various caspases, including caspases 1, 3, and 7. This compound is utilized in research to study apoptotic pathways and cell death mechanisms. Its application extends to investigating inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases where caspase activity is a critical factor. -
Caspase 4/5/9 Inhibitor
Ac-AAVALLPAVLLALLAP-LEHD-CHO is a potent inhibitor of caspases 4, 5, and 9. This compound demonstrates protective effects in MCF-7 cells treated with Neocarzinostatin, highlighting its potential applications in apoptosis research and cell survival studies. Its ability to modulate caspase activity makes it a valuable tool for investigating pathways related to cell death and disease mechanisms. -
Caspase-2/3 Inhibitor
Ac-VDVAD-CHO is a potent inhibitor of caspase-2 and caspase-3, with IC50 values of 46 nM and 15 nM, respectively. This compound effectively interferes with apoptotic signaling pathways, making it a valuable tool for research into cell death mechanisms. It is suitable for applications involving the study of apoptosis, neurodegeneration, and cancer. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-VAD-CHO (Ac-Val-Ala-Asp-CHO) is a pan-caspase inhibitor that specifically targets and inhibits caspase activity. This compound effectively prevents the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the release of cytochrome c in cells exposed to hypoxic conditions. Ac-VAD-CHO is widely used in research applications aimed at studying apoptosis and cell survival mechanisms. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-LEHD-CHO is a selective inhibitor of caspase-8 and caspase-9. It effectively blocks apoptosis in hepatocytes and prevents hepatotoxicity induced by GalN/TNF-α. This compound is valuable for research applications involving cell death pathways and liver-related diseases. -
Caspase 3 Inhibitor, GSDME Inhibitor
Ac-DMLD-CMK is a potent inhibitor of caspase 3 and GSDME, functioning by binding directly to the catalytic domain of caspase-3. This compound effectively obstructs caspase-3-mediated cleavage of GSDME, thereby modulating the caspase 3-GSDME signaling pathway. Its primary biological activity includes the reduction of pyroptosis and apoptosis, as well as the suppression of inflammatory cytokines such as LDH, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18. Ac-DMLD-CMK shows potential in mitigating renal function decline, renal tubular epithelial cell damage, and chemotherapeutic nephrotoxicity. -
Caspase-1 Inhibitor
CZL80 is a potent caspase-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.01 μM, capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier. This compound is valuable for studying inflammatory pathways in neurological disorders, notably in the context of febrile seizures and their correlation with increased susceptibility to epilepsy. Research applications include investigating the role of caspase-1 in neuroinflammation and other brain-related pathologies. -
Caspase Like Protease Inhibitor
Ac-YVAD-FMK is a selective inhibitor of caspase 1-like proteases. It functions by covalently modifying the active site cysteine, thus blocking the enzymatic activity of these proteases. This compound is valuable in the study of inflammation and cell death pathways, particularly in research focused on the mechanisms of pyroptosis and other caspase-associated processes. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Z-LEED-FMK is a selective inhibitor of caspase-4 and caspase-13. This compound effectively inhibits the processing of caspase-1 in macrophages infected with S. typhimurium, making it a valuable tool for studying apoptosis and inflammatory pathways. Its specificity and inhibitory effects are significant for research applications in cell death mechanisms and inflammatory response investigations. -
Caspase 8 Inhibitor
Boc-AEVD-CHO is a selective inhibitor of Caspase 8, a crucial enzyme involved in apoptotic pathways. This compound is valuable for investigating the mechanisms of apoptosis as well as the roles of Caspase 8 in various immune and inflammatory diseases. Researchers can utilize Boc-AEVD-CHO to better understand cellular processes related to programmed cell death and inflammation regulation. -
Caspase 3 Inhibitor
Cimiside E, a caspase 3 inhibitor, is a triterpene xyloside known for its pro-apoptotic effects on gastric cancer cells, displaying an IC50 value of 14.58 μM. This compound induces cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and mediates apoptosis via activation of the caspase cascade across both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Cimiside E is a valuable tool in cancer research, particularly in studies focusing on apoptosis and cell cycle modulation. -
Caspase-8 Inhibitor
IETD-CHO is a selective inhibitor of caspase-8, a crucial enzyme in the apoptotic signaling pathway. By blocking caspase-8 activity, this reagent prevents the activation of downstream effector caspases, allowing for the study of programmed cell death mechanisms. IETD-CHO is widely used in research applications focused on apoptosis, inflammation, and related cell signaling processes. -
Caspase-9 Inhibitor
Caspase-9 Inhibitor III (Ac-LEHD-cmk) targets and inhibits caspase-9, a critical component of the apoptotic pathway. This reagent demonstrates protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury, making it valuable for studying cardiac apoptosis and related pathological conditions. It can be utilized in research focused on cellular survival mechanisms and the modulation of programmed cell death. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-FLTD-CMK is a selective inhibitor of inflammatory caspases, specifically targeting caspases-1, -4, -5, and -11, with IC50 values of 46.7 nM, 1.49 μM, and 329 nM, respectively. This compound is derived from gasdermin D (GSDMD) and does not inhibit apoptotic caspases such as caspase-3. Ac-FLTD-CMK is instrumental in research applications focused on inflammatory processes, providing valuable insights into caspase-mediated pathways and their implications in various diseases. -
Caspase-4 inhibitor
Z-LEVD-FMK is a cell-permeable inhibitor of caspase-4, a key player in the apoptotic signaling pathway. This reagent effectively blocks endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in cancer cells, making it a valuable tool for studying cell death mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies in oncology research. Its specificity for caspase-4 facilitates investigations into its role in various cellular stress responses. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Z-VAD-CHO is a potent, irreversible inhibitor of caspases, primarily targeting caspase-1 with a Ki value of 0.008 μM. This compound effectively modulates apoptotic pathways and is instrumental in studies related to inflammation and cell death. Z-VAD-CHO is widely utilized in research to investigate the role of caspases in various cellular processes and disease models. -
Caspase-1/3 Inhibitor
Z-YVAD-CMK is a potent inhibitor of caspase-1 and caspase-3, key enzymes involved in the apoptosis and inflammatory processes. By selectively blocking these caspases, Z-YVAD-CMK is invaluable for research applications focused on cell death pathways and inflammatory responses. It is particularly useful in studies investigating the role of caspases in disease models, including neurodegeneration and cancer.

