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glucocorticoid receptor agonist
Dexamethasone Phosphate disodium is a is a water-soluble form of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. - Mitoquinone is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant designed to accumulate within mitochondria in vivo in order to protect against oxidative damage.
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COX and lipo-oxygenase inhibitor
Timegadine, a new antiinflammatory agent, is found to be a potent, competitive inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) and lipo-oxygenase, with IC50s ranging from 5 nM (washed rabbit platelets) to 20 μM (rat brain) for COX and 100 μM for lipo-oxygenase both in the cytosol fraction of horse platelet homogenates, and in washed rabbit platelets. -
TLR/SCD inhibitor
E6446 dihydrochloride is a robust antagonist for TLR7 and TLR9, with potential applications in studying harmful inflammatory responses. Additionally, it acts as a significant inhibitor of SCD1 with a KD of 4.61 μM. This compound can notably suppress adipogenic differentiation and liver lipogenesis via the SCD1-ATF3 pathway. Studies have indicated that E6446 dihydrochloride can enhance liver pathology in mice on a high-fat diet, making it a potential candidate for researching non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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TLR Inhibitor
TLR2-IN-C29 is an inhibitor of TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 signaling.- Qian-Lu Wang, .et al. , Mol Immunol, 2021, Oct;138:99-109 PMID: 34365196
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NRF2 inhibitor
ML-385 is an inhibitor of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) with IC50 value of 1.9 μM.- Liping Luo, .et al. , Heliyon, 2023, Aug 3;9(8):e18929 PMID: 37600361
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ITK inhibitor
PF 06465469 is a potent the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Itk (IL-2 inducible T-cell kinase) inhibitor. It also inhibits BTK. - Balsalazide sodium hydrate could suppress colitis-associated carcinogenesis through modulation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway.
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antioxidant
α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells. -
COX-2 inhibitor
Aceclofenac is a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor used to treat osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. -
Acid pump antagonist
Revaprazan hydrochloride is a novel acid pump antagonist (APA). Revaprazan hydrochloride reduces COX-2 expression and has significant anti-inflammatory actions activities in H. pylori infection. -
Topoisomerase IV inhibitor
Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline, interfering with the bacterial DNA gyrase, inhibiting the DNA synthesis, and preventing bacterial cell growth.- Viktoria Lazar, .et al. , Nature, 2022, 610: 540-546 PMID: 36198788
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Nitric oxide donor
Isosorbide dinitrate is an organic nitrate ester and nitric oxide (NO) donor in the same class as nitroglycerin. Isosorbide dinitrate increases oxygenation of tumor tissue in vivo in a mouse xenograft model. It also inhibits platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo at concentrations in the micromolar range. Formulations containing isosorbide dinitrate have been used for the treatment of angina pectoris. -
anti-inflammatory
Amodiaquine hydrochloride is a 4-aminoquinoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties. - Hydrocortisone Acetate is the synthetic acetate salt form of hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties
- Tiaprofenic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the arylpropionic acid (profen) class, used to treat pain, especially arthritic pain Long-term use of tiaprofenic acid is associated with severe cystitis, roughly 100 times more commonly than other NSAIDs. It is contraindicated in patients with cystitis and urinary tract infections.
- Norgestrel is a synthetic analog of progesterone, a compound commonly found in oral contraceptive pill, and a powerful neuroprotective antioxidant, preventing light-induced ROS in photoreceptor cells, and cell death.
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S1P antagonist
Fingolimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) antagonist with IC50 of 0.033 nM in K562 and NK cells. Fingolimod also is a pak1 activator, a immunosuppressant. -
COX inhibitor
Diclofenac is a potent and nonselective anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 4 nM, 1.3 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2 in CHO cells, and 5.1, 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. -
antifolate agent
Methotrexate (Amethopterin) disodium, an antimetabolite and antifolate agent, inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the conversion of folic acid into tetrahydrofolate, and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Methotrexate disodium, also an immunosuppressant and antineoplastic agent, is used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and a number of different cancers (such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia). - Methionine is a sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.
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anti-inflammatory (NSAID) agent
Ibuprofen piconol is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory (NSAID) agent for the topical relief of primary thermal burns and sunburns. - Hydrocortisone buteprate (Hydrocortisone probutate) is a medium potent, non-halogenated double-ester of hydrocortisone with a favorable benefit/risk ratio for the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders.
- Tetrahydrobiopterin is a cofactor of the aromatic amino acid hydroxylases enzymes and also acts as an essential cofactor for all nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms.
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COX-2 inhibitor
Imrecoxib (BAP-909) is a novel and selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 18 nM, it also inhibits COX1- activity with an IC50 value of 115 nM. Imrecoxib (BAP-909) has anti-inflammatory effect. -
immunosuppressant
Tacrolimus monohydrate (FK506 monohydrate; Fujimycin monohydrate; FR900506 monohydrate) is a macrocyclic lactone with potent immunosuppressive properties, an immunosuppressant. - Teriflunomide is the active metabolite of leflunomide, an approved therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. It inhibits pyrimidine synthesis and therefore potently decreases T cell and B cell proliferation.
- Temoporfin(KW 2345) used in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Target: Others Temoporfin used in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Patients can remain photosensitive for several weeks after treatment.
- Shruti Vig, .et al. , Cancer Drug Resist, 2024, Sep 21:7:35 PMID: 39403604
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thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist
Lusutrombopag, also known as S-888711, is an orally bioavailable, small molecule thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist being developed by Shionogi for chronic liver disease (CLD) patients with thrombocytopenia prior to elective invasive surgery. -
anti-inflammatory agent
Balsalazide is an anti-inflammatory agent for treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Balsalazide could suppress colitis-associated carcinogenesis through modulation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway. -
thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor (TP receptor) antagonist
Seratrodast is a thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor (TP receptor) antagonist used primarily in the treatment of asthma. -
Anti-inflammatory
Hydrocortisone butyrate is a topical corticosteroid use to treat a variety of dermatological conditions. It acts as an antiinflammatory, antiproliferative and immunosuppresive agent. -
COX-2 inhibitor
Bromfenac Sodium Sesquihydrate is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which inhibits cyclooxygenase II (COX-2). -
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody
Avelumab is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L1, facilitating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). It has shown the ability to enhance ADCC in various cancer cell lines that express PD-L1. This reagent is primarily applicable in research focused on chordoma and related oncological studies. -
COX inhibitor
Dipyrone, also known as Anador and NSC-73205, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain (postoperative, colic, cancer, and migraine). -
TNF receptor inhibitor
AX-024 is an orally available inhibitor of the TCR-Nck interaction that selectively inhibits TCR-triggered T cell activation (IC50 value 1 nM). Inhibiting an immediate TCR signal has promise for treating a broad spectrum of human T cell-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

