Microbiology

Items 901-950 of 6345

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  1. SARS-CoV-2 RdRp Inhibitor

    RdRP-IN-10 is a selective inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), exhibiting an IC50 of 5.78 μM. This compound covalently binds to Cys114 of the SARS-CoV-2 nsp8 protein, disrupting the stabilizing interactions between nsp8 and nsp12. RdRP-IN-10 effectively inhibits RNA polymerization mediated by RdRp without interfering with the RNA-RdRp complex formation. It demonstrates antiviral activity in cellular models and serves as a valuable tool for researching SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.
  2. DENV Inhibitor

    DENV-IN-7 is a flavone analog that functions as a dengue virus (DENV) inhibitor, demonstrating an EC50 value of 70 nM. This compound exhibits low toxicity to normal cells while maintaining effective antiviral activity against DENV. It is suitable for research applications focused on the development of therapeutics for dengue virus infections.
  3. Antibiotic

    Ibezapolstat hydrochloride is a novel, orally active inhibitor of DNA polymerase IIIC (pol IIIC) with a Ki of 0.325 μM specific to the enzyme from Clostridium difficile. This compound exhibits antibiotic activity and is primarily utilized in research focused on Clostridium difficile infections (CDI). Its unique mechanism makes it a valuable tool for studying CDI and developing potential therapeutic strategies.
  4. Bacterial DNA Gyrase/Topo IV Inhibitor

    GC-072 is a selective inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV, demonstrating potent antibacterial activity. This 4-oxoquinolizine antibiotic exhibits efficacy against a wide range of bacterial strains, including Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and multidrug-resistant organisms. Importantly, GC-072 does not interfere with human topoisomerases I and II, making it a suitable candidate for studying bacterial infections. Its bactericidal action against Burkholderia pseudomallei is significant, as it supports dose-dependent survival rates in mice during lethal inhalational models, highlighting its potential in melioidosis research.
  5. HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

    R82913 (9-Cl-TIBO) is a selective inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, demonstrating significant antiviral activity against both RNA and DNA templates crucial for viral replication. This compound effectively inhibits the replication of various HIV-1 strains in CEM cells, with a median IC50 value of 0.15 μM. It serves as a valuable reagent for research applications focused on HIV therapy development and reverse transcriptase inhibition studies.
  6. Bacterial DNA Gyrase B Inhibitor

    DNA Gyrase-IN-3 is a specific inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase B, exhibiting IC50 values ranging from 5.41 to 15.64 µM against E. coli DNA gyrase. This compound demonstrates significant anti-tubercular and antibacterial activity, making it a valuable tool for microbial research. Its mechanism of action is relevant in studies aimed at developing new antibacterial agents targeting bacterial DNA replication and transcription processes.
  7. Bacterial Inhibitor

    CI-990 (PD-131112) is a selective inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase, targeting key enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair. It exhibits potent antibacterial activity and is especially relevant for studying Enterococcal infections, including endocarditis and sepsis. This compound can serve as a valuable tool in microbiological research to understand bacterial resistance mechanisms and develop therapeutic strategies.
  8. EV71 3D Polymerase Inhibitor

    DTriP-22 is a potent inhibitor of the enterovirus 71 (EV71) 3D polymerase, characterized by low toxicity. It demonstrates broad-spectrum antiviral activity against RNA viruses, particularly within the picornavirus family, while exhibiting no effects on DNA viruses. By targeting and inhibiting viral RNA synthesis during the early stages of replication, DTriP-22 serves as a valuable reagent in anti-enterovirus research applications.
  9. Dengue Viral Replication Inhibitor

    DENV-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of dengue viral replication, demonstrating exceptional activity against all four serotypes of the dengue virus. With an EC50 ranging from 0.013 to 0.029 nM, it shows remarkable efficacy in suppressing viral activity. This compound is valuable for research applications targeting dengue virus pathogenesis and developing antiviral strategies.
  10. HBV Inhibitor

    HBV-IN-22 is a potent inhibitor of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA replication, demonstrating IC50 values of 0.71 μM against wild-type strains and 0.84 μM against resistant strains. This compound is valuable for research focused on antiviral drug development and understanding HBV resistance mechanisms, making it a critical tool in the study of Hepatitis B therapeutics.
  11. Bacterial Transcription Inhibitor

    CUHK242 is a selective bacterial transcription inhibitor that effectively disrupts RNA synthesis within bacterial cells. It demonstrates a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 μg/mL against the B. subtilis reporter strain BS2019 and exhibits antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. This compound is useful for research applications focused on understanding bacterial gene expression and studying the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
  12. DENV Inhibitor

    DENV-IN-6 is a powerful inhibitor of dengue virus (DENV) serotypes I-IV, exhibiting effective antiviral activity with EC50 values of 17.5, 13.20, 6.8, and 11.41 μM, respectively, for the inhibition of viral replication. Additionally, DENV-IN-6 demonstrates notable activity against HIV-1 IIIB, with an EC50 of 0.0181 µM and a cytotoxicity (CC50) of 64.92 µM. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research into antiviral therapies targeting DENV and HIV-1.
  13. HIV Inhibitor

    Fozivudine tidoxil is an orally active HIV inhibitor designed as a thioether lipid-zidovudine (ZDV) conjugate. This compound exhibits potent anti-HIV activity by incorporating into the newly synthesized DNA strand during viral replication, leading to irreversible binding to viral reverse transcriptase and disruption of the reverse transcription process. In addition to its antiviral properties, Fozivudine tidoxil is also a versatile click chemistry reagent, capable of undergoing copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) and strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with suitable alkyne or DBCO/BCN-containing molecules, making it valuable for chemical biology applications.
  14. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    HIV-1 Inhibitor-43 is a selective inhibitor targeting the HIV-1 virus. It demonstrates potent efficacy with an EC50 of 21.3 nM for Y188L mutants, 6.2 nM for K103N-Y181C, and under 0.7 nM for both K103N and Y181C strains. This compound effectively reduces HIV-1 RNA levels and protein p24 expression, making it a valuable tool for research in HIV pathogenesis and therapeutic development.
  15. DENV/HIV-1 Inhibitor

    DENV-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor targeting both dengue virus (DENV) and HIV-1 replication. It demonstrates effective antiviral activity with half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of 1.47, 9.23, 7.08, and 8.91 μM against DENV serotypes I to IV, respectively. Additionally, DENV-IN-5 inhibits the HIV-1 IIIB strain with an EC50 of 0.1512 μM. This compound is valuable for research focused on viral infections and the development of antiviral therapies.
  16. Antibiotic

    Alatrofloxacin mesylate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that targets and inhibits bacterial growth. It demonstrates significant hydrophilicity in aqueous solutions, facilitating the formation of stable suspensions. Understanding its degradation products, which can become hydrophobic upon exposure, is essential for maintaining long-term stability, as this affects particle aggregation. Additionally, variations in surface tension characteristics under different lighting conditions can influence the physical and chemical properties of Alatrofloxacin mesylate, making it a valuable candidate for research into antibiotic efficacy and stability.
  17. Anti-Bacterial Agent

    (Rac)-Besifloxacin hydrochloride is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic that acts as a potent inhibitor of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, making it valuable in combating drug resistance. Additionally, (Rac)-Besifloxacin hydrochloride possesses anti-inflammatory properties, and it is relevant in the study of bacterial conjunctivitis.
  18. Bacterial DNA Gyrase B Inhibitor

    DNA Gyrase-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase B, demonstrating IC50 values of 3.29-10.49 µM for Escherichia coli and 4.41-5.61 µM for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This compound exhibits significant anti-tubercular and antibacterial activity, making it valuable for research focused on bacterial replication and antibiotic development. Its specific targeting of DNA gyrase B positions it as a promising candidate for further investigation in treating bacterial infections.
  19. HIV/HBV Inhibitor

    L-2'-Fd4C is an L-nucleoside analogue that acts as an inhibitor of both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). This compound exhibits potent antiviral activity, making it valuable for research focused on the treatment and understanding of these viral infections. Its unique mechanism of action may provide insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies against HIV and HBV.
  20. Antibiotics

    4-Demethoxy-7,9-di-epi-daunorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic that targets DNA by intercalating into the double helix, forming stable complexes with calf thymus DNA. Its primary activity includes the inhibition of prokaryotic nucleic acid polymerases, such as E. coli DNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase. This compound is particularly useful in cancer research and investigations into bacterial infections, providing insights into therapeutic mechanisms and potential treatment strategies.
  21. Antibacterial Agent

    S-MGB-234 is an antibacterial agent that functions as a minor groove binder, specifically targeting the causative agents of Animal African Trypanosomiasis (AAT). This compound demonstrates potent in vitro activity against Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax, the primary pathogens responsible for AAT. Notably, S-MGB-234 exhibits a unique resistance profile, lacking cross-resistance with existing diamidine agents and not utilizing the transporters commonly associated with diamidines.
  22. RdRP Inhibitor

    RdRP-IN-3 is an inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), providing a potent approach for antiviral research against influenza viruses. This compound effectively disrupts RdRp activity, thereby hindering viral replication and proliferation. It serves as a valuable tool in studying the mechanisms of influenza pathogenesis and evaluating potential antiviral therapies.
  23. Antibacterial Agent

    Lavofloxacin lactate is an antibacterial agent that primarily targets DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, leading to the inhibition of DNA replication and repair in bacteria. This broad-spectrum antimicrobial compound exhibits potent bactericidal activity against a wide range of bacterial species. Researchers can utilize Lavofloxacin lactate to investigate bacterial resistance mechanisms, including the analysis of resistance genes and mutations.
  24. Antibiotic

    Erythromycin A dihydrate is a macrolide antibiotic that targets the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit, effectively inhibiting RNA-dependent protein synthesis through the blockage of transpeptidation and translocation reactions. It possesses a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and is commonly used in microbiological research. Additionally, Erythromycin A dihydrate has demonstrated antitumor and neuroprotective effects, making it valuable for diverse applications in biological research.
  25. Antibiotic

    Erythromycin stearate is a macrolide antibiotic that targets bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits, leading to the inhibition of RNA-dependent protein synthesis through the blockage of transpeptidation and translocation reactions. It exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. In addition to its antibacterial properties, erythromycin stearate has been investigated for its potential antitumor and neuroprotective effects, making it suitable for diverse research applications in microbiology and cancer studies.
  26. DENV NS5 RdRp Inhibitor

    3'-Deoxy-GTP (3′-Deoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphate) is a nucleotide analog that serves as a potent inhibitor of DENV NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Functioning as a chain terminator, it effectively suppresses RNA synthesis, making it a valuable tool in virology research. With an IC50 of 0.02 μM against DENV NS5 RdRp, this compound is crucial for studies focusing on antiviral mechanisms and the development of therapeutic strategies targeting dengue virus infections.
  27. HBV Inhibitor

    HBV-IN-53 is an inhibitor of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) that effectively reduces serum levels of HBV DNA. Its potent antiviral activity makes it a valuable tool for research in HBV therapeutics. Additionally, HBV-IN-53 has been shown to exhibit an additive inhibitory effect when combined with Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, highlighting its potential for use in combination therapy studies.
  28. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    SJP-L-5 is an HIV-1 capsid dissociation inhibitor that targets the HIV-1 viral capsid, preventing its normal function. It demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against various HIV-1 strains, with an EC50 ranging from 0.16 to 0.97 μg/mL. By effectively blocking the entry of HIV-1 viral DNA into the nucleus, SJP-L-5 offers valuable potential for applications in HIV-1 infection research and development of antiviral therapies.
  29. Antibacterial Agent

    A-65282 is an antibacterial agent that inhibits P4 DNA unknotting, exhibiting an IC50 value of 8 µg/mL. This compound induces DNA breakage through the action of calf thymus topoisomerase II, making it a valuable tool for studying DNA replication and repair mechanisms. Its targeted enzymatic disruption highlights its potential in antibacterial research contexts.
  30. Antibiotic

    Eponemycin is an antibiotic with significant antitumor properties, targeting cancer cell proliferation. It demonstrates potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines including B16-F10, L1210, P388, and HCT-116, with IC50 values of 0.0017, 0.01, 0.031, and 0.0097 µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, Eponemycin effectively inhibits DNA synthesis in the B16-F10 cell line, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.1 µg/mL, thereby demonstrating its utility in cancer research applications focused on DNA replication and cell viability.
  31. Antibacterial Agent

    Anti-MRSA agent 28 is an antibacterial agent specifically designed to target multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-positive bacterial strains. With minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.06 to 0.125 μg/mL, it effectively inhibits bacterial growth by targeting DNA polymerase IIIC, demonstrating an IC50 of 3.80 μg/mL. This compound exhibits strong antibacterial activity and has anti-inflammatory properties, making it a valuable tool for research applications related to the treatment of gram-positive infections.
  32. Antiviral Agent

    Antiviral agent 67 (compound PC6) is a potent inhibitor of the dengue virus (DENV) NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, exhibiting a Ki value of 1.12 nM. It demonstrates significant antiviral activity, making it a valuable tool for research focused on DENV replication and antiviral drug discovery. This compound is suitable for studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of antiviral action and evaluating potential therapeutic strategies against dengue virus infections.
  33. Antitumor Antibiotic

    2-Hydroxyaclacinomycin A is an anthracycline antibiotic that exerts its antitumor effects through the inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis. It demonstrates potent cytotoxic activity against leukemia L-1210 cells, with IC50 values of 0.10 μg/mL and 0.95 μg/mL for RNA and DNA synthesis, respectively. This compound is valuable for research focused on cancer therapeutics and the cellular mechanisms of anthracycline antibiotics.
  34. Antitumor Antibiotic

    1-Hydroxyoxaunomycin is an antitumor antibiotic that targets cellular proliferation. It effectively inhibits U210 cell growth, demonstrating IC50 values of 0.0005 μg/mL for cell growth, 1.00 μg/mL for DNA synthesis, and 0.76 μg/mL for RNA synthesis. This compound is primarily utilized in cancer research to explore mechanisms of action related to nucleic acid synthesis and cellular function.
  35. Antibacterial Agent

    DV-7751A is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that primarily inhibits the supercoiling activity of DNA gyrases. This compound demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity against a range of bacterial strains, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Peptostreptococcus species. Additionally, DV-7751A exhibits a rapid bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, making it a valuable reagent for research in antibacterial therapeutics.
  36. RSV RdRp Inhibitor

    GS-646089 is a potent inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). This broad-spectrum antiviral nucleoside analog demonstrates robust activity against RSV, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), rhinovirus, and enteroviruses, with an IC50 in the range of 43 to 46 nM. GS-646089 is converted intracellularly into a triphosphate metabolite that competes with ATP for incorporation into growing RNA chains, effectively terminating viral replication. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research into acute respiratory viral infections and related viral pathogens.
  37. Antibiotic

    Erythromycin glutamate is a macrolide antibiotic that primarily targets bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits, inhibiting RNA-dependent protein synthesis by blocking transpeptidation and translocation reactions. This compound demonstrates a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against various bacterial pathogens. In addition to its antibiotic properties, erythromycin glutamate has shown potential antitumor and neuroprotective effects, making it valuable for diverse research applications in microbiology, oncology, and neurobiology.
  38. AntibioticAgent

    GSK299423 is an antibiotic agent primarily targeting DNA gyrase. It exhibits potent inhibition of supercoiling in Staphylococcus aureus with an IC50 of 14 nM and in Escherichia coli with an IC50 of 100 nM. This compound is suitable for research applications focused on antibacterial mechanisms and the evaluation of DNA-targeting therapies.
  39. Antibiotic

    Viquidacin is an antibiotic that primarily targets topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. It demonstrates significant antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, by inhibiting supercoiling, decatenation, and relaxation processes. Viquidacin also exhibits activity against Escherichia coli and shows a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 2-128 mg/L against wild-type and mutant strains of S. aureus, making it a valuable reagent for antibacterial research applications.
  40. HSV Inhibitor

    Abyssinone V is a prenylated flavonoid recognized for its antiviral properties, specifically as an inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Isolated from the stem bark of Erythrina melanacantha, Abyssinone V exhibits favorable pharmacodynamic characteristics. Its mechanisms of action include the inhibition of viral polymerase, ATPase activity, and disruption of membrane integrity, making it a valuable compound for research into HSV-related therapies.
  41. RNA Polymerase Inhibitor

    RNA polymerase-IN-4 is a potent inhibitor of RNA polymerase, exhibiting an EC50 of 22.81 nM. This compound demonstrates significant anti-influenza virus activity with an EC50 of 3.76 nM and displays relatively low cytotoxicity, with a CC50 of 29.91 μM. RNA polymerase-IN-4 is suitable for research applications focused on viral infections, particularly those related to influenza virus.
  42. Antibiotic

    Erythromycin hydrochloride is a macrolide antibiotic that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor, targeting bacterial ribosomes. It demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria, making it effective in treating various bacterial infections, including respiratory and skin infections. Additionally, erythromycin hydrochloride has been implicated in the inhibition of mammalian mRNA splicing, indicating potential roles in research related to gene expression and cellular function. This compound is widely utilized in biomedical research for its antibacterial properties and mechanisms.
  43. Anti-HIV Agent

    3′-Azido-2′,3′-dideoxy-CTP (AZddCTP) is a cytidine analog that serves as an anti-HIV agent by acting as a chain terminator. Incorporated into the nascent DNA strand by HIV reverse transcriptase, AZddCTP halts DNA synthesis due to its lack of a 3'-hydroxyl group, effectively inhibiting viral replication. With IC50 values of 15.6 μM against wild-type HIV and 160.8 μM for AZTR HIV, 3′-Azido-2′,3′-dideoxy-CTP demonstrates significant antiviral activity, making it a valuable tool in HIV research.
  44. Insecticide/Antibacterial Agent

    Satranidazole is an orally active insecticide and antimicrobial agent that primarily targets DNA through the formation of reduced nitro intermediates. By inducing helix instability and strand breakage, it exhibits notable antitrichomonal activity against organisms such as Trichomonas vaginalis and Trichomonas foetus, as well as antiamoebic effects in rodent models of hepatic and caecal amoebiasis. Additionally, Satranidazole has been shown to inhibit the replication of bacteriophage φX174 DNA. This compound is valuable for research exploring caecal amoebiasis, trichomoniasis, and anaerobic bacterial infections.
  45. SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor

    SARS-CoV-2-IN-115 is a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating significant antiviral activity in infected Calu-3 cells with an EC50 of 1.7 μM. This compound effectively inhibits human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (HsDHODH) with an IC50 of 1.5 μM. Notably, SARS-CoV-2-IN-115 preserves immune response without exhibiting antiproliferative effects on CD4 T cells, making it a valuable tool for research in antiviral therapeutics and immune modulation.
  46. Anticancer Agent

    Endusamycin is an anticancer agent that inhibits protein and nucleic acid synthesis in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. This selective activity contributes to its efficacy as a potential therapeutic for cancer research, while exhibiting no antibacterial or antifungal effects. Endusamycin is suitable for studies aimed at understanding cancer cell metabolism and the development of new cancer treatment strategies.
  47. CMV Inhibitor

    Soyasaponin II is a saponin known for its antiviral properties, particularly as an inhibitor of cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication. It demonstrates strong efficacy against various viruses, including HSV-1, HCMV, influenza, and HIV-1. Additionally, Soyasaponin II inhibits YB-1 phosphorylation and NLRP3 inflammasome priming, offering potential protective effects in models of acute liver failure induced by LPS/GalN. This compound is valuable for research in virology and inflammation.
  48. Antibacterial/anti-inflammatory Agent

    Sinapaldehyde is a methoxyphenol that primarily functions as a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 47.8 µM. This compound exhibits notable antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, demonstrating efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Additionally, Sinapaldehyde possesses antioxidant activity through its ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals, with an IC50 of 172 μM, making it a valuable reagent for research in inflammation and microbial resistance.
  49. Antibacterial Agent

    1-Tetradecanol is a straight-chain saturated fatty alcohol that serves as an effective antibacterial agent. Isolated from Myristica fragrans, it exhibits notable antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in the context of periodontitis. This compound can be utilized in research applications focusing on antimicrobial activity and the modulation of inflammatory responses.
  50. Antiviral/Immunomodulator

    HEP-1 is a synthetic peptide derived from human ezrin (324 - 337) that exhibits potent antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. It demonstrates efficacy against a range of viral infections, including HIV, HCV, herpes viruses, HPV, and influenza. Additionally, HEP-1 enhances adaptive immunity by promoting B cell and T cell responses, and it has been shown to increase antibody titers following hepatitis B vaccination. This reagent is suitable for research applications focused on viral infections and inflammation-related disorders.

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