Microbiology

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  1. Antileishmanial Agent

    DNDI-VL-2098 is an orally active antileishmanial agent targeting Leishmania parasites. It demonstrates high permeability and in vitro metabolic stability while selectively inhibiting CYP2C19, with an IC50 of 0.47 μM, without affecting other major CYP enzymes at concentrations up to 12.5 μM. This compound exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic properties across various animal models, including mice, hamsters, rats, and dogs, with moderate to high plasma protein binding. DNDI-VL-2098 is a valuable reagent for the study of visceral leishmaniasis.
  2. Parasite Inhibitor

    Antileishmanial agent-1 specifically targets Leishmania parasites, demonstrating potent inhibitory activity against L. amazonensis promastigotes with an IC50 of 15.52 μM and intracellular amastigotes with an IC50 of 4.10 μM. This compound is valuable for research focused on leishmaniasis treatment, facilitating studies on parasite bioenergetics and drug resistance mechanisms. Its ability to effectively inhibit parasite growth makes it a significant tool in the development of antileishmanial therapies.
  3. Antileishmanial Agent

    Antileishmanial agent-15 primarily targets Leishmania spp. and exhibits significant antileishmanial activity. This compound demonstrates cytotoxic effects against L. major promastigotes and amastigotes, with IC50 values of 0.78 μM and 0.99 μM, respectively. It serves as a valuable tool for research aimed at developing treatments for leishmaniasis.
  4. HCV Protease Inhibitor

    MK-2748 is a potent inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease. It demonstrates broad-spectrum antiviral activity across all genotypes (gt1a-gt6) with nanomolar potency (IC₅₀ < 0.115 nM), including strong efficacy against drug-resistant mutant strains such as gt1b R155K (IC₅₀ = 0.032 nM) and D168Y (IC₅₀ = 0.057 nM). MK-2748 is valuable for research on HCV infection and contributes to the understanding of antiviral mechanisms and treatment strategies.
  5. HCV Protease Inhibitor

    AL-611 is an inhibitor of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase, demonstrating potent activity with an EC50 value of 5 nM. This compound plays a critical role in antiviral research, particularly in the development of therapeutic strategies against HCV infections. Its effectiveness in inhibiting HCV replication makes it a valuable tool for studies focused on viral RNA synthesis and enzyme interactions.
  6. HCV Protease Inhibitor

    GSK2818713 is a selective Hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease inhibitor that disrupts the replication complex associated with the NS5A protein. This compound exhibits potent anti-HCV activity, making it a valuable tool for studying the replication and life cycle of the virus. GSK2818713 is applicable in research focused on developing therapeutic strategies against Hepatitis C.
  7. HCV Protease Inhibitor

    BI-1230 is a potent inhibitor of the HCV NS3 protease, exhibiting nanomolar activity in blocking viral replication. It demonstrates high selectivity against other serine and cysteine proteases, making it a valuable tool for studying hepatitis C virus infection mechanisms. Additionally, BI-1230 shows favorable pharmacokinetic properties, supporting its potential use in drug development and research applications related to antiviral therapy.
  8. HCV Protease Inhibitor

    MK-6169 is a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease inhibitor that targets the viral NS5A protein. It exhibits broad-spectrum activity against various HCV genotypes, making it a valuable tool for research on antiviral therapies in hepatitis C. This compound is useful for exploring the mechanisms of HCV replication and potential treatment strategies in pharmaceutical development.
  9. HCV Protease Inhibitor

    Isoeuphorbetin is a dimeric coumarin that acts as a potent inhibitor of HCV protease, demonstrated by an IC50 value of 3.63 µg/mL. This compound has significant potential in antiviral research, particularly in the development of therapeutics targeting hepatitis C virus infection. Its ability to effectively block viral protease activity makes it a valuable tool for studying HCV biology and drug discovery.
  10. HCV Protease Inhibitor

    Ac-D-DGla-LI-Cha-C is a potent inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease, effectively disrupting viral replication. This peptide is instrumental in studying various biological processes and diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, fibrotic conditions, inflammatory responses, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, lung and cardiovascular disorders, as well as metabolic diseases. Its targeted action on HCV protease makes it a valuable tool for research in virology and therapeutic development.
  11. HIV-1 Capsid Inhibitor

    Lenacapavir is an HIV-1 capsid inhibitor that targets the interface between capsid hexamers and CA monomers, disrupting capsid assembly and viral maturation. This compound inhibits the nuclear translocation of HIV-1 DNA and interferes with CA-mediated protein-protein interactions, resulting in reduced formation of 2-LTR circles and pre-integration proviruses. Additionally, Lenacapavir induces aberrant capsids and decreases the production of mature HIV-1. It demonstrates efficacy against various HIV-1 subtypes and clinical isolates, making it a valuable reagent for research on HIV-1 infection.
  12. HIV-1 RT Inhibitor

    Tenofovir diphosphate disodium is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, with a Ki value of 1.55 μM for DNA and 0.022 μM for RNA. This compound exhibits key biological activity as an antiretroviral agent, making it a valuable tool for the study of HIV and AIDS. It is suitable for research applications focused on understanding viral replication and developing therapeutic strategies against HIV infection.
  13. CCR7 and CXCR2 Antagonist

    Cosalane is a dual antagonist of the chemokine receptors CCR7 (IC50 = 2.43 μM) and CXCR2 (IC50 = 0.66 μM). This compound effectively inhibits HIV replication across a variety of strains, including HIV-1, HIV-2, Rauscher murine leukemia virus, as well as herpes simplex viruses HSV-1 and HSV-2, and human cytomegalovirus. Cosalane disrupts the interaction between gp120 and CD4, inhibiting signaling downstream of CCR7 in response to its ligands CCL19 and CCL21. Research applications include studies on HIV and the potential modulation of acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
  14. TAT

    HIV-1 TAT Peptide

    TAT (YGRKKRRQRRR) is a cell-penetrating peptide derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). It enhances the solubility and yield of heterologous proteins, making it a valuable tool in research applications related to protein expression and purification. TAT's ability to facilitate cellular uptake has made it a useful reagent in studies exploring intracellular delivery mechanisms and molecular therapeutics.
  15. CCR5 Inhibitor

    DAPTA is a synthetic peptide that acts as a selective inhibitor of the CCR5 receptor. By blocking CCR5, DAPTA interferes with viral entry into host cells, exhibiting significant anti-HIV activity. This compound is valuable for research in virology and the development of therapeutic strategies against HIV.
  16. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    PYR01 is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that targets HIV-1 by activating the death of infected cells. It exhibits significant antiviral activity, demonstrating IC50 values of 27.5 nM and 39.7 nM for cytotoxic and antiviral effects, respectively. By promoting HIV-1 Gag-Pol dimerization and intracellular activation of HIV-1 protease, PYR01 induces selective cytotoxicity in HIV-1-infected cells. This compound is valuable for research focused on HIV biology and therapeutic strategies.
  17. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    PF-3450074 is a specific inhibitor of the HIV-1 capsid protein (CA), exhibiting broad-spectrum antiviral activity against various HIV isolates with submicromolar potency (EC50=8-640 nM). This compound functions at an early stage of the HIV-1 life cycle, impeding viral replication by competing with the binding of nuclear host factors CPSF6 and NUP153. Additionally, PF-3450074 disrupts key processes such as uncoating, assembly, and reverse transcription, making it a valuable tool for HIV research.
  18. CD4-Targeted HIV Inhibitor

    Cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA) is a selective inhibitor of HIV entry that targets CD4. It functions by inhibiting the co-translational translocation of human CD4 into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen in a signal peptide-dependent manner. In addition, CADA acts as a Sec61 translocon inhibitor, making it a valuable tool for studying HIV pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies against HIV infection.
  19. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate is a cholic acid derivative that serves as an effective HIV-1 inhibitor. It demonstrates the ability to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 in vitro, making it a valuable tool for studying HIV infection. Additionally, Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate may have relevance in research related to gallbladder disease.
  20. V-ATPase/HIV-1 Inhibitor

    Diphyllin is a potent inhibitor of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) with an IC50 of 17 nM, and also acts as an HIV-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.38 μM. This compound effectively disrupts the acidification of osteoclast lysosomes, leading to significant inhibition of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption while leaving osteoblastic bone formation unaffected. Diphyllin is valuable for investigating bone metabolism-related diseases and exploring therapeutic avenues for conditions characterized by excessive bone resorption.
  21. HIV Inhibitor

    Censavudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that exhibits potent antiviral activity against HIV. With EC50 values ranging from 30 nM to 81 nM for HIV-2 and 450 nM to 890 nM for HIV-1, this compound is effective in disrupting viral replication. Additionally, Censavudine possesses a reactive alkyne group, allowing it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc), making it a versatile tool for click chemistry applications in drug development and molecular biology research.
  22. HIV gag mRNA Antagonist

    Trecovirsen is an antiviral agent that targets HIV gag mRNA by hybridizing with its complementary sequence at the initiation site. This interaction leads to the induction of a reversible, dose-dependent prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time due to its polyanionic properties. Trecovirsen is applicable for research on HIV infection, providing insights into the mechanisms of viral replication and potential therapeutic strategies.
  23. HIV/NRTTI Inhibitor

    MK-8527 is an orally active inhibitor of HIV that functions as a nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor (NRTTI). This compound exhibits antiviral activity by impeding reverse transcriptase, an essential enzyme for viral replication. MK-8527 is primarily utilized in research focused on the development of HIV therapeutic strategies and studying mechanisms of resistance in retroviral infections.
  24. HIV Inhibitor

    2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine is an inhibitor of HIV replication that functions by incorporating into viral DNA, thereby terminating chain elongation. This compound exhibits significant antiretroviral activity and is utilized in research to understand mechanisms of HIV infection and the development of therapeutic strategies against the virus. Its efficacy makes it a valuable tool in antiviral studies and drug development pipelines focused on HIV.
  25. HIV-1 Polypeptide

    HIV-1 TAT (48-60) is a cell-penetrating peptide derived from residues 48-60 of the HIV-1 Tat protein, functioning as a facilitator for cellular uptake. This peptide enables the effective delivery of exogenous macromolecules into cells without causing disruption to cellular integrity. Its unique mechanism enhances research applications in drug delivery, gene therapy, and the study of intracellular processes associated with HIV-1.
  26. HIV Inhibitor

    Zingibroside R1 is a dammarane-type triterpenoid saponin that targets HIV through its inhibitory effects. Isolated from the rhizomes, taproots, and lateral roots of Panax japonicus C. A. Meyer, it demonstrates anti-HIV-1 activity, in addition to notable anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic properties. Zingibroside R1 also inhibits 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) uptake in EAT cells with an IC50 of 91.3 μM, highlighting its potential for further research in cancer and viral therapies.
  27. HIV Inhibitor

    (R)-Edelfosine, also known as (R)-ET-18-OCH3, is an ether lipid analog that primarily targets HIV through its antiviral properties. This compound exhibits significant anti-HIV activity and demonstrates potential antineoplastic effects. It is commonly utilized in research applications related to antiviral therapies and cancer treatment investigations.
  28. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase Inhibitor

    Ulonivirine is an orally active non-nucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, targeting the hydrophobic binding pocket adjacent to the enzyme's polymerase active site. It effectively disrupts viral replication, making it a valuable tool for research focused on HIV-1 infection and the mechanisms of antiretroviral resistance. Ulonivirine is suitable for studies aimed at understanding HIV-1 pathogenesis and developing therapeutic interventions.
  29. HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor

    Bictegravir sodium is a highly potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase, demonstrating an IC50 of 7.5 nM. This compound exhibits robust and selective anti-HIV activity while maintaining low cytotoxicity. Bictegravir sodium is primarily utilized in research focused on HIV treatment strategies and the development of antiretroviral therapies.
  30. HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor

    1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase, targeting both the 3'-processing and strand transfer stages of the integration process. This compound serves as a valuable tool in HIV-1 research, facilitating the study of viral replication and integration mechanisms. Its effectiveness in inhibiting key steps in the integration pathway makes it an important reagent for investigations related to HIV-1 therapeutic development.
  31. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    BIT-225 is an HIV-1 inhibitor that specifically targets the Vpu protein by blocking its ion channel function. This mechanism effectively inhibits the release of HIV-1, particularly in monocyte-derived macrophages, with an EC50 of 2.25 μM. BIT-225 demonstrates a favorable safety profile, exhibiting minimal cytotoxicity (TC50 of 284 μM). This compound is valuable for research into therapeutic strategies for HIV-1.
  32. HIV Inhibitor

    APOBEC3G-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of the HIV virus that targets the APOBEC3G enzyme. This compound demonstrates significant activity in inhibiting viral replication, making it a valuable tool in HIV research. Its ability to modulate the immune response against HIV provides insights into viral pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies.
  33. HIV-1 Polypeptide

    TAT (48-57) is a cell-permeable peptide derived from the HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein, specifically residues 48 to 57. This peptide facilitates the study of viral gene expression and replication by interacting with intracellular targets to enhance the transcriptional activity of HIV-1. TAT (48-57) is utilized in research applications focused on HIV pathogenesis, viral life cycle analysis, and the development of antiviral strategies.
  34. CCR5 Antagonist

    Aplaviroc hydrochloride is a potent CCR5 antagonist targeting the CCR5 co-receptor. It demonstrates biological activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 nM against various HIV-1 strains, including HIV-1Ba-L, HIV-1JRFL, and HIV-1MOKW. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on HIV entry inhibition and the development of antiviral therapies.
  35. Anti-HIV Agent

    Tucaresol is an orally bioavailable immunopotentiator that enhances T-helper cell activity, evidenced by increased levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in both mice and humans. This compound exhibits anti-HIV properties, making it a valuable tool in the research of HIV infections and potential treatments. Its ability to modulate immune responses positions Tucaresol as a significant candidate for studies focused on immunological interventions in viral infections.
  36. Influenza Virus Inhibitor

    Sodium copper chlorophyllin B is a sodium-copper complex of chlorophyll with demonstrated antiviral activity against the Influenza virus, exhibiting IC50 values between 50 to 100 μM. It also shows potential activity against HIV. This compound is primarily utilized in research applications aimed at understanding antiviral mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies for viral infections.
  37. HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein Inhibitor

    Claficapavir is a potent inhibitor of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein, specifically designed to interfere with its chaperone functions. With an IC50 of approximately 1 μM and a strong binding affinity (Kd = 20 nM), Claficapavir exhibits significant antiviral activity against HIV-1. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research focused on HIV pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions targeting viral replication.
  38. HIV-1 inhibitor

    HIV-1 inhibitor-6 is a diheteroarylamide-based compound that functions as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 pre-mRNA alternative splicing. This compound effectively blocks HIV replication and exhibits activity against wild-type HIV-1IIIB (subtype B, X4-tropic) and HIV-1 97USSN54 (subtype A, R5-tropic) with EC50s of 0.6 μM and 0.9 μM, respectively. Additionally, HIV-1 inhibitor-6 demonstrates inhibitory effects against various HIV strains that are resistant to existing therapies targeting reverse transcriptase, protease, integrase, and CCR5, with EC50s ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 μM. This compound is a valuable tool for researching HIV-1 mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.
  39. HIV Inhibitor

    Decanoyl-RVKR-CMK TFA is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1, specifically targeting the over-expression of the gp160 protein, thereby blocking its processing. This compound demonstrates significant antiviral activity against HIV-1 replication, making it a valuable tool in the study of HIV biology and therapeutic development. Its application includes research focused on the mechanisms of HIV infection and potential therapeutic interventions.
  40. HIV Inhibitor

    Schisantherin D is a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan that exhibits significant anti-HIV activity with an EC50 of 0.5 μg/mL. This compound selectively inhibits endothelin receptor B (ETBR) and demonstrates hepatoprotective properties. Schisantherin D is valuable for research applications focused on HIV replication and the exploration of liver protective mechanisms.
  41. HIV/SARS-CoV Inhibitor

    2-Hydroxyacetophenone is an inhibitor targeting HIV and SARS-CoV. This compound exhibits significant antiviral activity, making it a valuable tool for research in the development of therapeutic strategies against these viral infections. Additionally, it serves as a versatile building block for synthesis in various chemical applications.
  42. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    Fipravirimat dihydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1, demonstrating significant antiviral activity against this virus. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on HIV and AIDS, facilitating studies aimed at understanding viral replication mechanisms and testing therapeutic strategies. Its efficacy makes it a crucial tool for the development of new antiviral treatments.
  43. HIV Inhibitor

    GSK2838232 is an inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase, displaying potent activity against a diverse array of HIV-1 isolates. This compound is crucial for studying HIV replication and has applications in antiviral drug development and research focused on HIV resistance mechanisms. Its effectiveness in inhibiting viral replication makes it a valuable tool for understanding the dynamics of HIV infections and testing therapeutic strategies.
  44. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    Ingenol-3-palmitate is an ingenane diterpenoid that functions as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1, demonstrating an IC50 value of 4.1 nM. This compound, derived from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata, exhibits significant antiviral activity, making it a valuable tool in HIV research. Its mechanism of action can enhance understanding of viral replication and potential therapeutic strategies against HIV infection.
  45. HIV Inhibitor

    Gomisin M2, a lignan derived from the fruits of Schisandra rubriflora, serves as an effective HIV inhibitor with an EC50 of 2.4 μM. In addition to its anti-HIV properties, Gomisin M2 demonstrates anti-cancer and anti-allergic activities, indicating its multifaceted biological potential. This compound may also offer valuable insights for research related to Alzheimer’s disease.
  46. HIV Inhibitor

    Azulene, a bicyclic hydrocarbon, exhibits potent anti-HIV activity by targeting viral replication mechanisms. Isolated from chamomile oil, it serves as an important scaffold in medicinal chemistry, facilitating the design of new antiviral agents. Its unique structure and biological properties make it a valuable compound in HIV research and therapeutic development.
  47. Anti-HIV Agent

    Gomisin M1 is a potent anti-HIV agent that acts by inhibiting viral replication. With an EC50 value of less than 0.65 μM, it demonstrates significant efficacy in reducing HIV-1 activity. Its anti-viral properties make it a valuable drug candidate for research in HIV treatment and prevention strategies.
  48. Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

    Rovafovir etalafenamide is a prodrug of the adenosine nucleotide analogue GS-9148, functioning as a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It demonstrates significant potency against a range of NRTI-resistant HIV-1 mutations, making it an important tool in HIV research. Its effective anti-HIV-1 activity positions it as a valuable compound for studies aimed at understanding viral resistance mechanisms and the development of therapeutic strategies.
  49. HIV-1 Inhibitor

    BDM-2 is a potent allosteric inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase, specifically targeting the IN-LEDGF interaction. With an IC50 of 47 nM, it exhibits significant anti-retroviral activity and an AC50 for IN multimerization activation of 20 nM. BDM-2 effectively disrupts the binding between the integrase catalytic core domain and the LEDGF/p75 integrase binding domain, with an IC50 of 0.15 μM. This compound demonstrates a high degree of selectivity and a favorable cytotoxicity profile, making it a valuable tool for HIV research.
  50. HIV-1 Capsid Inhibitor

    Lenacapavir sodium is an HIV-1 capsid inhibitor that targets the interaction between capsid hexamers and CA monomers. By disrupting capsid assembly and viral maturation, it inhibits the nuclear translocation of HIV-1 DNA and interferes with CA-mediated protein-protein interactions. Additionally, Lenacapavir sodium reduces the formation of 2-LTR circles and pre-integration proviruses, induces aberrant capsids, and diminishes the production of mature HIV-1. This reagent is vital for research focused on HIV-1 infection and explores its effects on various HIV-1 subtypes and clinical isolates.

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