Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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mAChR Antagonist
Tiemonium iodide is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist that exhibits antispasmodic properties. It is primarily utilized in research related to the nervous system, where it helps investigate the modulation of cholinergic signaling and its effects on smooth muscle contraction. This reagent serves as a valuable tool for understanding the physiological and pharmacological roles of mAChRs in various biological contexts. -
mAChR Inhibitor
(S)-Tolterodine is a selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 value of 588 nM. This compound is primarily used in studies related to bladder overactivity and other cholinergic signaling pathways. Its pharmacological properties make it a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms of mAChR modulation in both clinical and preclinical research. -
mAChR Antagonist
Cyclodrine is a selective antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR). It exhibits biological activity by inhibiting cholinergic signaling, which has implications in neuropharmacology and the study of various neurological disorders. Research applications include exploring cholinergic system modulation and assessing the role of mAChR in cognitive function and behavior. -
mAChR Agonist
L-687306 is a high-affinity partial agonist of the muscarinic M1 receptor, demonstrating significant activity in rat ganglia. Additionally, it acts as a competitive antagonist at M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in guinea pig cardiac and ileal tissues, respectively. This compound is valuable for investigating muscarinic receptor reserve and exploring muscarinic signaling pathways in various physiological contexts. -
mAChR Antagonist
L-Hyoscyamine hydrobromide is a competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). It exhibits significant anticholinergic activity, making it useful in research related to gastrointestinal motility and neurological disorders. This compound is employed in various pharmacological studies to assess its effects on cholinergic signaling and its impact on lactation dynamics when considering long-term use. -
mAChR Antagonist
Eucatropine is a potent antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) with an IC50 value of 0.583 μM. This anticholinergic agent is effective in modulating acetylcholine signaling pathways, making it valuable for research applications in neuropharmacology and studies related to cholinergic system modulation. Its specificity for mAChRs allows for potential insights into the therapeutic effects and mechanisms underlying various neurological disorders. -
mAChR4 Allosteric Modulator
VU6009048 is a positive allosteric modulator of the M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR4) that exhibits effective central nervous system penetration. This compound is useful for investigating neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and schizophrenia, facilitating the exploration of therapeutic options targeting cholinergic signaling pathways. Its mechanism of action enhances receptor activity, making it a valuable tool for research in neuropharmacology. -
mAChR Inhibitor
Phenglutarimid hydrochloride is identified as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) inhibitor. This compound exhibits anticholinergic properties and is primarily utilized in research related to Parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders. Its ability to modulate cholinergic signaling makes it a valuable tool for investigating therapeutic approaches for movement disorders and cognitive function. -
Muscarinic M2 Acetylcholine Receptor Antagonist
Gallamine is a selective allosteric antagonist of the muscarinic M2 acetylcholine receptor, exhibiting an EC50 value of 130 nM in promoting the dissociation of [3H]NMS from porcine muscarinic M2 receptors. Additionally, it serves as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with varying IC50 values against different isoforms: 1070 μM for EeAChE, 1480 μM for hAChE, and 235 μM for hBChE. Gallamine is known to elevate levels of free norepinephrine and is utilized in research exploring muscle relaxation and pharmacological modulation of cholinergic signaling. -
mAChR Agonist
RS-86 is a potent and selective agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). This compound elicits cholinergic excitatory effects, including smooth muscle contraction, ganglion depolarization, and central hypothermia. RS-86 is utilized in research focused on the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease and the underlying mechanisms of cholinergic signaling. -
mAChR Agonist
Oxotremorine is a potent agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), specifically targeting the M1 and M3 subtypes. This compound demonstrates nicotine-like effects, making it valuable for research related to cholinergic signaling and neuropharmacology. Its unique pharmacological profile supports investigations into cognitive function, memory enhancement, and the role of acetylcholine in various neurological disorders. -
mAChR Modulator
VU0029767 is an allosteric enhancer of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). It modulates M1 receptor activity by increasing agonist affinity, thereby enhancing receptor function. This compound displays unique properties in various experimental conditions, including interactions with mutant M1 receptors and differential effects on downstream signaling pathways. VU0029767 is valuable for research applications involving receptor pharmacology and neuropharmacology. -
mAChR inhibitor
Heliosupine N-oxide is a potent inhibitor of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR), exhibiting an IC50 value of 350 μM. As a metabolite of Heliosupine and classified as a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, Heliosupine N-oxide serves as a valuable tool for research into cholinergic signaling pathways and related neurological studies. Its inhibitory properties can aid in elucidating the role of mAChR in various physiological and pathological processes. -
Stable Isotope
Fesoterodine-d3 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Fesoterodine, functioning as a competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). It exhibits non-subtype selective activity, with pKi values of 8.0, 7.7, 7.4, 7.3, and 7.5 for M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 receptors, respectively. This reagent is primarily utilized in research related to overactive bladder (OAB) and studies involving receptor pharmacology. Its stable isotope form aids in biochemical assays and metabolic studies. -
mAChR Antagonist
Dexetimide hydrochloride is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist that effectively mitigates neuroleptic-induced Parkinson's syndrome. This compound is utilized primarily to alleviate movement disorders associated with neuroleptic treatment. As a selective inhibitor of cholinergic receptors, Dexetimide hydrochloride provides insights into cholinergic system modulation, making it a valuable tool for research in neuropharmacology and movement disorder therapies. -
mAChR Agonist
(±)-Muscarine chloride is an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). As a prototype compound, it exhibits key biological activity by mimicking the action of acetylcholine, leading to varied physiological responses. This reagent is useful for research applications exploring mAChR signaling pathways, neurobiology, and the modulation of cholinergic activity. -
mAChR Inhibitor
Phenglutarimid is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) inhibitor that exhibits anticholinergic properties. It is primarily utilized in research related to Parkinson's disease and other cholinergic dysfunctions. Its ability to modulate neurotransmitter activity makes it a valuable tool for investigating the therapeutic mechanisms underlying movement disorders. -
M3/M5 mAChR PAM
M3 mAChR agonist 1 is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) specifically targeting the M3 and M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. This compound exhibits notable selectivity over other muscarinic subtypes, including M1, M2, and M4. M3 mAChR agonist 1 enhances the contraction of isolated rat bladder strips by modulating M3 receptor activity, thus promoting signaling pathways associated with bladder function. This reagent is suitable for research applications in endocrinology and related fields. -
mAChR Modulator
VU0090157 is a positive allosteric modulator of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). By binding to an allosteric site, VU0090157 enhances the affinity of acetylcholine, thereby influencing neurotransmission. This compound is valuable for research in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease, facilitating the exploration of therapeutic strategies that target mAChRs. -
mAChR Antagonist
Butropium bromide is a competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). It effectively inhibits acetylcholine-induced glandular secretion and smooth muscle contraction, thereby reducing salivary gland secretion and alleviating respiratory smooth muscle spasms. This compound is valuable for studying conditions related to excessive salivation and could aid in research on respiratory function modulation. -
mAChR Agonist
Betovumeline is a selective agonist for muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). This compound plays a key role in modulating cholinergic signaling and demonstrates potential biological activity in various neurological disorders. It is widely utilized in research applications focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive function and neurodegenerative diseases. -
M1 mAChR Antagonist
VU0455691 is a selective orthosteric antagonist of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) with a pIC50 of 6.64 and an IC50 of 0.23 µM for human M1. This compound is useful in investigating the physiological and pathological roles of M1 mAChR in various neurological disorders. Its ability to selectively inhibit M1 mAChR activation makes it a valuable tool for research into cholinergic signaling pathways and potential therapeutic interventions. -
Pro-cholinergic Agent
Deanol pidolate is an orally active pro-cholinergic agent that enhances cognitive function by promoting the release of acetylcholine (ACh), while minimizing the side effects commonly associated with cholinesterase inhibitors. It has demonstrated the ability to mitigate the negative impacts of scopolamine on long-term memory, facilitating a quicker recovery to baseline memory performance. Deanol pidolate is particularly useful in research applications related to Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders. -
mAChR Antagonist
UH-AH 37 is a selective antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR). It demonstrates enhanced potency in inhibiting muscarinic responses in intestinal tissue compared to cardiac tissue. This compound is valuable for research into gastrointestinal motility disorders and the pharmacological modulation of mAChR signaling pathways. -
mAChR Inhibitor
Cyclobuxine D is a steroidal alkaloid that functions as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) inhibitor. It exhibits a notable bradycardic effect in rat models and effectively inhibits contractions induced by acetylcholine and Ba++ in isolated rabbit jejunum muscle. Due to its biological activities, Cyclobuxine D is valuable for research in pharmacology and cardiovascular studies. -
Stable Isotope
Tolterodine-d14 hydrochloride is a deuterium-labeled version of Tolterodine hydrochloride, a potent muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) inhibitor. This compound competitively binds to acetylcholine, thereby reducing involuntary bladder muscle contractions and modulating sympathetic nervous activity. In addition to its role in managing overactive bladder and urinary tract infections, Tolterodine has been shown to restore the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway, offering protective effects against inflammation and ferroptosis. Its applications extend to studies involving reactive oxygen species and lipid oxidation. -
mAChR Antagonist
AQ-RA 721 is a selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist that exhibits a differential affinity for the M2 and M4 receptor subtypes. This compound is valuable for studying muscarinic receptor diversity and function, facilitating research into receptor pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications. It can be employed in investigations into central nervous system activities and cardiovascular regulation, contributing to a better understanding of muscarinic signaling pathways. -
mAChR Agonist
CDD0102 Hydrochloride is a potent agonist of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). This compound exhibits significant biological activity in modulating cholinergic signaling, making it valuable for research into neurological disorders and cognitive function. Its application extends to studying M1 receptor-related pathways and developing potential treatments for conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. -
mAChR Antagonist
4,4-Difluorobenzhydrol serves as a precursor for a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist, with potential applications in neuroscience research. Its derivative, 4,4-Difluorobenzhydrol Carbamate, can selectively target the M1 receptor subtype. This specificity makes 4,4-Difluorobenzhydrol an important compound for studying the physiological roles of mAChRs and developing therapeutics for related disorders. -
Stable Isotope
Itopride-d6 hydrochloride is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Itopride hydrochloride that serves as a stable isotope. Itopride functions as a gastroprokinetic agent by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antagonizing dopamine D2 receptors. This compound is valuable for studies investigating gastrointestinal motility and neurotransmitter interactions, as well as for tracing and quantifying its metabolic pathways in biological research. -
Phosmet Metabolite
Phosmet oxon is a potent metabolite of phosmet, functioning primarily as a cholinesterase inhibitor. This compound exhibits significant neurotoxic activity, making it relevant in studies investigating insecticidal mechanisms and their effects on cholinergic signaling pathways. Phosmet oxon's utility extends to research on pesticide metabolism and its implications for environmental toxicology and safety assessments. -
Corydaline Metabolite
Isocorybulbine is a primary metabolite of Corydaline, produced in human liver microsomes and liver cells. It exhibits significant biological activities, including anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-allergic effects. This compound is valuable for metabolic studies of Corydaline, contributing to research in pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications. -
AChE Inhibitor
Donepezil N-oxide is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor derived from Donepezil. It exhibits significant biological activity by inhibiting AChE in human erythrocytes, which is crucial for regulating acetylcholine levels in neurological pathways. This reagent is utilized in research focused on Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders where modulation of cholinergic transmission is a key area of investigation. -
Disulfoton Oxidation Metabolite
Demeton-S sulfone is the oxidative metabolite of the organophosphorus insecticide Disulfoton, primarily targeting acetylcholinesterase. This compound exhibits significant acetylcholinesterase inhibition, which is essential for studying neurotoxic effects related to organophosphate exposure. It serves as a crucial reagent for evaluating the biochemical pathways of organophosphate metabolism and understanding their environmental and health impacts. -
Pesticide Metabolite
Malaoxon is a pesticide metabolite that serves as an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, impacting neurotransmitter regulation. This compound has been shown to induce cellular death in cultured human pulmonary cells, making it relevant for studies on pulmonary toxicity and its underlying mechanisms. Its application extends to research focused on the toxicological effects of pesticide exposure in human respiratory systems. -
Drug Metabolite Control
4-Hydroxypentanoate sodium is an active metabolite of gamma-Valerolactone, functioning primarily as a sedative. Its primary mechanism involves modulation of GABA receptors, leading to enhanced inhibitory neurotransmission. This compound is utilized in pharmacological research to study drug metabolism and to evaluate sedative effects in various experimental models. -
Drug Metabolite Control
7-Bromo-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one is a primary metabolite of Flubromazepam, acting on the central nervous system through modulation of GABA receptors. This compound exhibits potential anxiolytic and sedative properties, making it relevant for studies on drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Its application is beneficial in research focused on benzodiazepine derivatives and their metabolic pathways. -
Etoricoxib Metabolite
Etoricoxib N1'-oxide is a metabolite of Etoricoxib that serves as an important biochemical marker in pharmacological studies. This compound is notable for its lack of inhibition on both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, making it a valuable tool for researchers investigating the metabolic pathways and safety profiles of COX inhibitors. Its characterization can aid in understanding the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of Etoricoxib in clinical settings. -
P2X1 Receptor Activator
Diadenosine pentaphosphate (pentasodium) is an agonist and negative modulator of the P2X1 receptor, an important endogenous purine dinucleotide primarily sourced from platelets. This compound is known to negatively regulate dendritic growth and branching by activating both homologous and heterologous P2X1 receptors, resulting in a modest transient increase in intracellular calcium levels in dendritic growth cones. Diadenosine pentaphosphate demonstrates selective inhibition of dendrite growth in cultured hippocampal neurons while leaving axon growth unaffected. Its presence in secretory vesicles such as platelets and brain synaptosomes highlights its biological relevance in neurophysiological studies. -
Cholinesterase (ChE) Inhibitor
N-Desmethyl Galanthamine is a potent cholinesterase inhibitor, specifically targeting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC50 value of 2.76 μM. As a metabolite of Galanthamine, it holds significant relevance in neuropharmacological research. This compound is utilized in studies related to Alzheimer's disease, providing insights into therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing cholinergic transmission. -
Aldicarb Metabolite
Aldicarb sulfoxide is a metabolite of aldicarb that primarily interacts with glutathione-linked enzymes in CHO-K1 cells. This compound exhibits inhibitory activity against cholinesterase (ChE) and carboxylesterase (CaE), with an IC50 of 10 μM in zebrafish models. Its mechanism of action and biological activity make it a valuable tool for research on neurotoxicology and enzymatic regulation. -
COX Inhibitor
1-Oxo Ibuprofen is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, specifically targeting COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. As a degradation product and potential impurity of Ibuprofen, it demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 13 μM for COX-1 and 370 μM for COX-2. This compound is useful for research applications involving the study of prostaglandin synthesis and the metabolic pathways of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. -
AChE Inhibitor
3-Hydroxycarbofuran is a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acting primarily by competing with acetylcholine at the enzyme's active site. This compound serves as a significant metabolite of Carbofuran and exhibits notable biological activity in the modulation of cholinergic signaling. It is utilized in research related to neurobiology, toxicology, and pesticide biochemistry, providing insights into the effects of AChE inhibition on synaptic transmission and potential neurotoxic mechanisms. -
α-Amylase Inhibitor
α-Amylase-IN-3 is a potent inhibitor of α-Amylase, exhibiting an IC50 of 18.04 μM, and also targets acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50s of 21.04 μM and 22.2 μM, respectively. This compound demonstrates antioxidant activity, making it valuable for studies related to diabetes and diseases associated with oxidative stress. Its biochemical properties make α-Amylase-IN-3 a useful tool for researchers investigating metabolic disorders and neuroprotective mechanisms. -
α-glucosidase/α-amylase enzyme Dual Inhibitor
α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-7 is a competitive dual inhibitor targeting α-glucosidase and α-amylase, demonstrating IC50 values of 18.52 µM and 20.25 µM, respectively. Additionally, this compound effectively inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with IC50 values of 9.25 µM and 10.06 µM. α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-7 is valuable for research applications related to diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. -
CES Inhibitor
Dibromsalicil is a selective inhibitor of carboxylesterases (CES), exhibiting inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 72.7 nM against human intestinal carboxylesterase (hiCE) and 53.5 nM against rabbit liver carboxylesterase (rCE). This compound demonstrates minimal activity against human liver carboxylesterase (hCE1) and cholinesterase, making it a valuable tool for research applications focused on drug metabolism and enzymatic activity modulation. Its specificity for hiCE and rCE positions Dibromsalicil as an important reagent for studying carboxylesterase-related pathways. -
AChE/CES Inhibitor
Heptenophos is a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma carboxylesterase (CES). By obstructing AChE activity, Heptenophos leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses, which can result in symptoms characteristic of organophosphate poisoning. Its rapid toxicity in animal models, such as male albino mice, allows for the investigation of detoxification strategies, particularly in conjunction with agents like obidoxime and Memantine. This compound is widely utilized in research exploring the mechanisms underlying organophosphate effects and potential antidotal treatments. -
COMT Inhibitor
Neluxicapone is a potent inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), primarily utilized in the research of Parkinson's disease (PD). By inhibiting COMT, this compound enhances dopamine levels in the brain, which may alleviate motor symptoms associated with PD. Researchers can use neluxicapone to investigate its pharmacological effects and potential therapeutic benefits in neurodegenerative conditions. -
Hydroxycinnamic Acid
5-Hydroxyferulic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. It serves as a key precursor in the biosynthesis of sinapic acid and acts as a non-esterified substrate for catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). This compound is utilized in various research applications focused on studying phenolic compounds and their roles in plant metabolism and health benefits. -
COMT Inhibitor
Ro 41-0960 is a selective inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which plays a crucial role in the metabolism of catecholamines. By inhibiting COMT, this compound enhances the levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. It is widely used in research to investigate the biochemical pathways of neurotransmission and to explore potential therapeutic applications in conditions such as Parkinson's disease and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
