Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Organic Phosphorus Pesticide
Isochlorothion is an organic phosphorus pesticide that acts primarily through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, leading to increased levels of acetylcholine in synaptic clefts. This mechanism results in heightened neurotoxicity, making it effective in agricultural applications for pest control. Isochlorothion is commonly utilized in research to study the effects of organophosphates on environmental systems and human health. -
Organophosphorus Insecticide
Aspon is an organophosphorus insecticide that primarily targets the nervous systems of insects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity. It demonstrates significant biological activity in pest control applications and can also serve as a phosphorus source for various bacteria, promoting microbial growth and metabolism. This dual functionality makes Aspon valuable for both entomological studies and microbiological research. -
Insecticide
Formothion is an organophosphate insecticide that primarily targets the nervous system of insects, inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity. This compound exhibits strong insecticidal properties, making it an effective agent in agricultural pest control. Additionally, Formothion's persistence in the environment following biomass burning provides a valuable opportunity to study pesticide dynamics and their ecological impact. -
Pesticide
Chlorethoxyfos is an organophosphate pesticide that acts primarily by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, leading to an accumulation of acetylcholine at synaptic junctions. Its biological activity makes it effective in agricultural applications for pest control. Chlorethoxyfos undergoes oxidative transformation to form its more active oxon derivative in chlorinated laboratory water, which enhances its efficacy in targeted pest management strategies. -
Insecticide
Tebupirimfos is a potent insecticide that acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, disrupting neurotransmission in insects. Its primary mechanism involves the irreversible inhibition of the enzyme, leading to paralysis and death in targeted pest species. Tebupirimfos is commonly utilized in agricultural applications to manage various insect populations effectively, ensuring crop protection and yield stability. -
Pesticide
Fensulfothion oxon is a pesticide characterized by its sulfoxide group, which acts as a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. This inhibition disrupts the normal breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to increased neurotransmitter levels and subsequent toxic effects on target pests. Its primary applications include agricultural pest control and research into the mechanisms of pesticide action and environmental impact. -
Insecticide
Demeton-O-methyl is an organophosphate insecticide that functions by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, leading to the accumulation of acetylcholine at synaptic junctions, ultimately causing paralysis and death in targeted insect pests. This compound is widely utilized in agricultural research to study pest control strategies and the effects of organophosphate exposure on non-target organisms. Its effectiveness and mode of action make it a valuable reagent for entomological studies and pesticide development. -
Drug Impurity
Donepezil impurity 10 is a known impurity associated with the compound Donepezil, a reversible inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This reagent is significant for analytical studies aimed at monitoring the purity of Donepezil in pharmaceutical formulations. It serves as a reference standard in quality control processes and method development, ensuring compliance with regulatory guidelines in drug manufacturing and research applications. -
Drug Impurity
Donepezil impurity 18 is a chemical impurity associated with Donepezil, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. It serves as a crucial reference standard for assessing the purity and quality of Donepezil formulations in pharmaceutical research. This impurity may also aid in investigations into the stability and degradation pathways of Donepezil, facilitating improved drug development processes. -
Drug Impurity
Donepezil impurity 11 is a chemical impurity associated with Donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This impurity is relevant for quality control and analysis in pharmaceutical research, as it may affect the efficacy and safety profile of the primary compound. The identification and quantification of such impurities are essential for ensuring compliance with regulatory standards and enhancing the reliability of drug formulations. -
Drug Impurity
Rivastigmine impurity 13, also known as Rivastigmine impurity D, is a characterized impurity associated with Rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor primarily used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. This impurity may be utilized in quality control and analytical studies to assess the purity and composition of Rivastigmine formulations. Its presence highlights the importance of monitoring drug impurities to ensure safety and efficacy in pharmaceutical products. -
ML375 Enantiomer
(R)-ML375 is an enantiomer of ML375, primarily targeting the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M5 (hM5). This compound is characterized by its lack of significant activity on M5 mAChR, exhibiting an IC50 greater than 30 μM. (R)-ML375 is suitable for studies exploring the role of muscarinic receptors in physiological and pathological processes, providing a valuable tool for chemical research in neuronal signaling and related fields. -
Cholinesterase (ChE) Inhibitor
Pyridostigmine bromide is an orally active cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor that enhances acetylcholine levels by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for its breakdown. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity in modulating cholinergic signaling, making it useful in studying neurodegenerative disorders and neuromuscular junction diseases. Its applications extend to cardiovascular disease research, where it can elucidate cholinergic mechanisms underlying cardiac function and dysfunction. -
Neuromuscular Blocking Agent
Vecuronium bromide is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that selectively inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). This compound induces muscle relaxation and is primarily utilized in the context of anesthesia during surgical procedures. Its rapid onset and intermediate duration of action make it a valuable tool for facilitating intubation and providing muscle relaxation in various clinical settings. -
GABA(A) Agonist
Panadiplon is a partial agonist of the GABA(A) receptor, specifically targeting the 5GABA(A) subtype with notable selectivity over the 1GABA(A) subtype. This compound demonstrates significant anxiolytic properties and is employed in research applications related to anxiety disorders and other neuropharmacological studies. Its selective action makes Panadiplon a valuable tool for investigating the role of GABA(A) receptor subtypes in the central nervous system. -
nAChR/mAChR Agonist
Arecoline hydrobromide is a partial agonist of nicotinic (nAChR) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR). This naturally occurring psychoactive alkaloid possesses brain-penetrant properties and is known for its stimulation, alertness enhancement, anxiolytic effects, and anti-parasitic activity. Additionally, Arecoline hydrobromide can induce oxidative stress, making it valuable for research in neuropharmacology and related fields. -
Cholinergic Agonist
Acetylcholine chloride is a cholinergic agonist that acts primarily on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). This compound exerts significant effects on the modulation of dopaminergic neuron activity, making it relevant for studying neurophysiological processes. Additionally, Acetylcholine chloride has been shown to inhibit the aggregation of p53 mutant peptides in vitro, highlighting its potential applications in cancer research and neurodegenerative disease studies. -
GABAA/NMDA Receptor Modulator
Creatinine acts as a GABAA and NMDA receptor modulator, demonstrating antioxidant properties and metabolic regulation. It is produced through the non-enzymatic conversion of creatine and phosphocreatine in muscle, making its serum levels an important biomarker for renal function, muscle mass, and clinical outcomes. Creatinine is utilized in evaluating perioperative renal risk and has applications in research on neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, acute and chronic kidney injury, and renal failure. Additionally, it can induce specific Cryptococcus species to produce creatinine deiminase, highlighting its role in metabolic studies. -
mAChR Antagonist
Oxybutynin chloride is a competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), exhibiting binding affinities with Ki values of 14.3 nM and 5.55 nM for [3H]NMS in mouse bladder and cerebral cortex, respectively. It effectively inhibits vascular Kv channels with an IC50 of 11.51 μM, independent of its anticholinergic effects. Oxybutynin chloride is primarily utilized for the management of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) and alleviating bladder and urinary tract muscle spasms. Additionally, it serves as a click chemistry reagent due to its alkyne functionality, enabling copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reactions with azide-containing molecules. -
MAO Inhibitor
Rosmarinic acid racemate acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, specifically targeting the MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes as well as catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). It demonstrates inhibition with IC50 values of 50.1 μM for MAO-A, 184.6 μM for MAO-B, and 26.7 μM for COMT. This compound is useful in research applications focused on neurochemical regulation, mood disorders, and the modulation of catecholamine levels. -
COX-1 Inhibitor
FR122047 (hydrochloride) is a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 value of 28 nM. This compound exhibits antiplatelet, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities, making it a valuable tool for research in the fields of pain management and cardiovascular studies. Its ability to modulate COX-1 offers insights into the therapeutic targeting of inflammatory pathways. -
mAChR Antagonist
Atropine methyl nitrate is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist, primarily utilized for its ability to induce pupil dilation (mydriasis) during ophthalmic examinations. This quaternary ammonium derivative is specifically formulated for the treatment of pyloric spasms in infants due to its high polarity, which limits its central nervous system penetration compared to its parent compound, atropine. Research applications include studying cholinergic signaling pathways and exploring therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal disorders. -
nAChR Agonist
Thermopsidine is a selective partial agonist of the α4β2 and α6β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), exhibiting an EC50 value of 2.2 μM for the α4β2 subtype. This compound is valuable for studying cholinergic signaling pathways and exploring potential therapeutic avenues in neurodegenerative diseases and addiction research. Its specific targeting of nAChRs makes it a useful tool for evaluating receptor function and pharmacology. -
GABAR Antagonist
Songorine is a blood-brain barrier-permeable diterpenoid alkaloid that acts as a GABAA receptor antagonist. It exhibits notable anti-cancer, anti-arrhythmic, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a compound of interest in several therapeutic areas. Research indicates its potential application in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), underscoring its relevance in oncology studies. -
NMDAR Antagonist
Memantine is a noncompetitive antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). It has been shown to modulate excitotoxicity and is utilized in research studies focused on moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). This compound is essential for exploring pathways related to neurodegeneration and cognitive function. -
Anthelmintic Agent
Tribendimidine is an orally active broad-spectrum anthelmintic agent primarily targeting parasitic helminths. It demonstrates significant efficacy against Ascaris lumbricoides and Necator americanus, contributing to its potential use in treating intestinal helminth infections. Additionally, Tribendimidine acts as an agonist for L-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), further elucidating its mechanism of action in disrupting neurotransmission in helminths. This compound is valuable for research in parasitology and the development of novel anthelmintic therapies. -
mAChR Antagonist
L-Hyoscyamine is a potent and competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). As a natural tropane alkaloid, it exerts significant biological activity that makes it valuable in pharmacological research. L-Hyoscyamine is utilized in studies investigating the modulation of cholinergic signaling and related therapeutic applications. -
Cholinesterase (ChE) Inhibitor
Corydaline is an isoquinoline alkaloid that functions as a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 226 μM. In addition to its cholinergic activity, Corydaline acts as a μ-opioid receptor agonist (Ki of 1.23 μM) and demonstrates significant antiviral effects by inhibiting enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication, with an IC50 of 25.23 μM. This compound also exhibits anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic, gastric-emptying, and antinociceptive properties, making it a valuable reagent for various biological research applications. -
Cholinesterase (ChE) Inhibitor
Sinapine thiocyanate is a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor known for its multifaceted biological activities. This alkaloid, derived from cruciferous plant seeds, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-angiogenic, and radioprotective properties. Its ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) highlights its potential in research related to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, ataxia, myasthenia gravis, and Parkinson’s disease. -
GABA Receptor Activator
6'''-Feruloylspinosin is a flavonoid that acts as a GABA receptor activator. Isolated from the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba, it is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier and enhancing the expression of GABAAα1, GABAAα5, and GABABR1 mRNA in rat hippocampal neurons. This compound is valuable for research focused on neurological disorders and the modulation of GABAergic signaling pathways. -
mAChR Inhibitor
Methylbenactyzium Bromide is a selective inhibitor of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR). This compound effectively modulates cholinergic signaling pathways and is utilized in research focused on neuropharmacology, cardiovascular physiology, and respiratory function. Its ability to inhibit mAChR activity makes it a valuable tool in studies investigating the role of acetylcholine in various physiological processes and disease states. -
Dopamine Receptor Antagonist
Droperidol is a butyrophenone compound primarily acting as a dopamine receptor antagonist. It inhibits the activation of GABA(A) and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), demonstrating IC50 values of 12.6 nM and 5.8 μM, respectively. This compound exhibits notable anesthetic and sedative properties, making it useful in research related to neuropharmacology and anesthesiology. -
mAChR Antagonist
Homatropine Bromide is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist. This compound exhibits anticholinergic properties, making it valuable in various pharmacological applications, particularly for its effects on smooth muscle relaxation and secretion inhibition. It is commonly used in research focused on neuropharmacology and the modulation of cholinergic signaling pathways. -
mAChR Antagonist
Homatropine methylbromide is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist that demonstrates significant inhibitory activity on endothelial and smooth muscle muscarinic receptors, with an IC50 of 162 nM in WKY-E and SHR-E models. This compound is utilized in research applications focused on studying the effects of mAChR modulation in various physiological and pathological conditions. It serves as a valuable tool for investigating the role of muscarinic signaling in smooth muscle contraction and vascular function. -
AChE/D2DR Inhibitor
Itopride hydrochloride is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and dopamine D2 receptor antagonist. By enhancing gastric motility through its antidopaminergic and anti-AChE effects, Itopride hydrochloride serves as an effective gastrointestinal prokinetic agent. This compound is particularly useful for investigating conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and related gastrointestinal disorders. -
mAChR Inhibitor
Otilonium bromide is a selective inhibitor of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) with pronounced smooth muscle relaxant properties. This compound primarily functions by modulating calcium mobilization in intestinal smooth muscle, making it a valuable tool in the study of gastrointestinal disorders. Otilonium bromide is widely utilized in research related to irritable bowel syndrome and other smooth muscle-related conditions. -
AChE Reactivator
Pralidoxime chloride is a potent reactivator of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), targeting AChE inhibited by organophosphate agents. It operates through a direct nucleophilic attack by the oxime moiety on the phosphorus center of the bound nerve agent, facilitating the restoration of AChE activity. Pralidoxime chloride is primarily utilized as an antidote for organophosphate poisoning, making it a critical reagent in toxicological research and therapeutic applications. -
COX Inhibitor
Zaltoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that acts as a preferential inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), exhibiting IC50 values of 1.3 μM for COX-1 and 0.34 μM for COX-2. It demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, making it beneficial for the management of inflammatory pain. Zaltoprofen is utilized in research settings to explore mechanisms of inflammation and pain pathways. -
Anticholinergic Drug
Benactyzine hydrochloride is a competitive inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with a Ki of 0.01 mM, functioning primarily as an anticholinergic agent. It demonstrates significant promise in the study of organophosphate poisoning, aiding research into the mechanisms of cholinergic dysfunction. Its ability to modulate cholinergic activity makes it a valuable tool in neuropharmacological research and therapeutic explorations. -
mAChR Modulator
Aceclidine hydrochloride is a selective modulator of the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor and an agonist of the M1 receptor (EC50: 40 μM). This compound exhibits cycloplegic properties, functioning as a surfactant and tonicity adjustor while optionally enhancing viscosity and providing antioxidant effects. Aceclidine hydrochloride is valuable in research pertaining to ocular disorders, including refractive errors, glaucoma, xerostomia, conjunctivitis, Sjogren's syndrome, lacrimal gland diseases, and esotropia. -
mAChR Inhibitor
Camylofine is an antimuscarinic compound that selectively inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). It functions as a smooth muscle relaxant, making it useful in various research applications related to muscle contraction and neurotransmission. This compound is valuable for studying the physiological effects of cholinergic signaling and exploring potential therapeutic interventions for conditions related to smooth muscle hyperactivity. -
mAChR Antagonist
Propantheline bromide is a selective antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). It exhibits notable effects in the management of smooth muscle dysfunction, including conditions such as excessive sweating, abdominal cramps, and involuntary urination. With limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, propantheline bromide is valuable in studies that require peripheral mAChR modulation without central nervous system effects. -
Antispastic Agent, Muscle Relaxant, P2X7 Receptor Antagonist
Eperisone hydrochloride primarily acts as a P2X7 receptor antagonist and is recognized for its antispastic and muscle relaxant properties. This compound is effective in alleviating muscle stiffness and pain, showcasing vasodilatory effects. In addition to its action on skeletal muscles, Eperisone hydrochloride also exhibits antagonistic effects on human P2X3 receptors, contributing to improved circulation and the suppression of myotonia-related pain reflexes, making it valuable for muscle-related research applications. -
GABAA Receptor Antagonist
Thiocolchicoside is a competitive antagonist of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor, and acts as a glycine receptor agonist within the central nervous system. This semisynthetic sulfur derivative of colchicoside exhibits muscle relaxant properties, along with significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Thiocolchicoside is valuable in research for its potential applications in studying neuromuscular relaxation and pain management. -
AChE Inhibitor
Acotiamide is a selective and reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), exhibiting an IC50 value of 1.79 μM. It has demonstrated the ability to enhance gastric contractility and promote accelerated gastric emptying. This compound is valuable for investigating functional dyspepsia related to gastric motility dysfunction and intestinal inflammation. -
COX-1/COX-2 Inhibitor
6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is a potent inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. It effectively inhibits the synthesis of gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2, making it relevant in studies related to inflammation and pain-related conditions. Additionally, 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid serves as an impurity in Naproxen and can be utilized in the synthesis of various active compounds, contributing to diverse research applications in pharmaceutical development. -
COX-2 Inhibitor
Parecoxib Sodium is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that effectively penetrates the blood-brain barrier and serves as a proagent for Valdecoxib. This nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, making it suitable for the relief of acute postoperative pain as well as for managing symptoms associated with chronic inflammatory conditions, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It has important applications in both clinical and preclinical research focused on pain management and inflammation. -
mAChR Antagonist
Atropine sulfate is a competitive antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR), exhibiting IC50 values of 0.39 nM for human mAChR M4 and 0.71 nM for chicken mAChR M4. This compound effectively inhibits acetylcholine-induced relaxations in human pulmonary veins. Atropine sulfate is utilized in research related to anti-myopia and the management of bradycardia. -
NMDA Receptor Antagonist
Orphenadrine hydrochloride is a non-competitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor, effectively crossing the blood-brain barrier with a Ki of 6.0 μM. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity in alleviating stiffness, pain, and discomfort related to muscle strains, sprains, and injuries. Additionally, it serves as an adjunct therapy for tremors in Parkinson’s disease and exhibits neuroprotective properties, making it valuable in research on neurodegenerative disorders. -
Neuromuscular Blocking Agent
Mivacurium dichloride is a short-acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that acts as a skeletal muscle relaxant. It exerts its pharmacological effects by binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), thereby inhibiting the depolarizing action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. This compound is utilized in clinical settings for facilitating intubation and providing muscle relaxation during surgical procedures.
