Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
-
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA is an endogenous metabolite that acts as an intermediate in the metabolic pathways of butyric acid fermentation, as well as in the metabolism of lysine and tryptophan. Present in organisms such as mouse and Escherichia coli, this compound plays a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism and lipid synthesis. Its characterization and quantification are important for studying metabolic disorders and the biochemical pathways involved in fatty acid metabolism. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Bromacil is an herbicide that primarily targets photosynthesis in plants by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase. It demonstrates strong biological activity in controlling a broad spectrum of weeds, particularly in citrus orchards. Its applications extend to agricultural research aimed at understanding herbicide resistance and environmental impact assessments in crop management systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Triletide is a thromboxane A2 antagonist that exhibits effective oral bioavailability. This compound is primarily metabolized into various derivatives, including demethyl, deacetyl, and hydroxy forms. Triletide possesses a distribution half-life of approximately 1 hour, coupled with an elimination half-life of around 5 hours. It serves as a valuable tool for research applications focused on thromboxane signaling pathways and related cardiovascular studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Resolvin E4 (RvE4) is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in mediating the efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils and senescent erythrocytes. This compound is known to enhance the resolution of hemorrhagic exudates and inflammation, making it valuable for research focused on resolving inflammatory processes and tissue repair. Its potential applications extend to studies on inflammatory diseases and the mechanisms underlying resolution of inflammation in vivo. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Levophencynonate is an endogenous metabolite that functions as a muscarinic receptor antagonist, exhibiting notable anticholinergic activity. Its biological properties make it an important compound for the assessment of concentrations in human plasma during medical research. High-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) has been utilized to analyze levophencynonate, demonstrating good specificity and linearity for reliable quantitative evaluations. -
Fungal Metabolite
Piliformic acid is a fungal metabolite derived from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. (No. 2508), isolated from mangrove trees along the South China Sea. This compound exhibits antifungal activity, making it a valuable tool for investigating fungal interactions and secondary metabolite production. It is suitable for research applications in mycology and natural product chemistry. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Aglepristone is a synthetic steroidal antiprogestin primarily targeting progesterone receptors to elicit abortifacient effects. It is utilized exclusively in veterinary medicine for the termination of pregnancy in animals, demonstrating safety and efficacy, particularly during the second trimester. Aglepristone treatment has been shown to induce early cessation of corpus luteum function without causing fetal resorption, while also promoting an increase in plasma prolactin levels, with progesterone concentrations remaining stable. This compound serves as a valuable tool in reproductive research and veterinary pathology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Cilobradine is an HCN channel blocker primarily targeting the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels HCN1, HCN2, HCN3, and HCN4. It exhibits significant biological activity by decreasing heart rate, effectively reducing endogenous If current in mouse sinoatrial node cells with an IC50 of 0.62 μM. Cilobradine can lower heart rates from 600 bpm to 200 bpm in a dose-dependent manner, with an ED50 of 1.2 mg/kg. However, at doses exceeding 5 mg/kg, Cilobradine may induce arrhythmias characterized by periodic fluctuations between T waves and P waves, making it a valuable tool for cardiovascular research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
(S)-5-Hydroxyequol is an endogenous metabolite derived from soy isoflavones, known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This compound is widely studied for its potential role in modulating cellular responses to oxidative stress and inflammation. It serves as a valuable research tool in investigating metabolic pathways and the health benefits associated with soy consumption. -
Endogenous Metabolite
T3 Acyl glucuronide is an endogenous metabolite formed from triiodothyronine (T3) through acyl glucuronidation. This compound plays a crucial role in the metabolism and detoxification of thyroid hormones. It is primarily used in research applications focused on metabolic pathways, glucuronidation processes, and the pharmacokinetics of thyroid hormones. -
Endogenous Metabolite
hCAI/II-IN-9 is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX, and XII. It exhibits a range of inhibition constants (Ki) from 0.47 to 2.83 nM for hCA XII, indicating strong inhibitory activity, along with notable activity against hCA I, II, and IX. This compound has potential applications in the exploration of various pathologies associated with dysregulated carbonic anhydrase activity, making it valuable for research in cancer, glaucoma, and metabolic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1,2-Dibutyryl-3-palmitoyl-rac-glycerol acts as an endogenous metabolite with primary applications in lipid metabolism research. This compound is significant in studies investigating the triglyceride composition of bovine milk fat, allowing for the quantification and characterization of its various forms and proportions. Researchers utilize it to enhance the understanding of fat composition and its implications in dairy science. -
Endogenous Metabolite
YM-44781 free acid is a potent antagonist targeting neuropeptide receptors, specifically the NK(1) and NK(2) receptors. It demonstrates strong binding affinity for the NK(2) receptor (pKi = 9.94) and noteworthy affinity for the NK(1) receptor (pKi = 9.09). This compound has been shown to significantly inhibit bladder contractions induced by selective NK(1) receptor agonists, making it a valuable tool in research focused on neuropeptide signaling and bladder function. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1-Stearoyl-2-eicosapentaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE (PE(18:0/20:5)) is an endogenous phospholipid that plays a significant role in lipid metabolism. This molecule has been associated with alterations in lipid profiles observed in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, indicating its potential as a biomarker for monitoring disease progression. Its application in research may provide insights into the lipid-mediated mechanisms underlying cervical carcinogenesis. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a significant biomarker for differentiating between stage II and stage III thyroid cancer. Its unique profile in cancer progression makes it a valuable tool for research applications focused on thyroid malignancies and metabolic pathways. This compound contributes to the understanding of tumor biology and may assist in the development of targeted therapies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
LY-195448 hydrochloride is a phenethanolamine that targets cellular processes during the metaphase of the cell cycle, exhibiting notable anti-tumor activity in various murine tumor models. This compound has shown a favorable safety profile, lacking many common side effects associated with conventional cancer therapies, such as myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicity. In phase I clinical trials, LY-195448 hydrochloride resulted in mild and reversible side effects, including hypotension, tachycardia, and tremors, making it a promising candidate in cancer research applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3β,7β-Dihydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism. Elevated levels of this C27 acid have been associated with Niemann-Pick type C and Niemann-Pick type B diseases, contributing to neuronal toxicity, particularly in oculomotor neurons. This compound is produced through the enzymatic action of hydroxysteroid 11-β dehydrogenase 1 on 3β-hydroxy-7-oxocholest-5-en-(25R)26-oic acid and is valuable for research into lipid-related disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
O-Methylmoschatoline, an endogenous metabolite, is recognized for its distinct bioactive properties. This compound has potential applications in medicinal chemistry, particularly in the exploration of therapeutic avenues and the study of metabolic pathways. Its unique structure and biological significance make it a valuable reagent for research in pharmacology and biochemistry. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N-(E-4-Coumaroyl)-aspartate is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide compound that serves as an endogenous metabolite in Arabidopsis thaliana. This compound plays a role in various metabolic processes associated with specific metabolites in Arabidopsis cell cultures. Its characterization is critical for understanding plant secondary metabolite pathways and can be utilized in research related to plant biology and metabolomics. -
Endogenous Metabolite
R892 is a selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist that demonstrates significant antagonistic activity with pA2 values of 8.8 and 8.6 for human and rabbit B1 receptors, respectively. With an ID50 of 2.8 nM for B1 receptors and >600 nM for B2 receptors, R892 exhibits a strong selectivity profile and lacks agonistic properties. Furthermore, R892 is resistant to degradation by aminopeptidase and kininase II (ACE), showcasing its metabolic stability. This compound serves as a valuable tool for research applications investigating bradykinin receptor signaling and related physiological functions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Benzpiperylone is a synthetic compound known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties, primarily acting as an endogenous metabolite. It has been shown to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine production, making it valuable in research applications focused on inflammation and pain management. Its mechanism of action may provide insights into therapeutic strategies for various inflammatory disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
VPC32183 is a competitive antagonist of the LPA1 and LPA3 receptors. This compound effectively inhibits lipid phosphatase 1 (LPP1), leading to a reduction in the activation of ERK(1/2) by dioctanoic acid diglyceride (DGPP 8:0). By decreasing LPP1 expression, VPC32183 further diminishes DGPP 8:0-induced ERK(1/2) activation, suggesting its potential role in positively regulating cell signaling pathways. This pharmacological profile makes VPC32183 a valuable tool for studying LPA receptor-mediated signaling in various biological contexts. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Dactylocycline A is a tetracycline derivative targeting tetracycline-resistant microorganisms. It is produced via fermentation from Dactylosporangium sp. and is characterized as the predominant glycoside resulting from this process. Notably, Dactylocycline A is acid-sensitive and hydrolyzes to form dactylocyclinone, a sugar-free core that demonstrates cross-resistance to tetracycline. However, Dactylocycline A retains antimicrobial efficacy against select tetracycline-resistant strains, making it valuable for research applications in microbiology and antibiotic resistance studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
MRS4458 is a selective antagonist of the P2Y14 receptor, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory activity. This compound effectively modulates neutrophil motility, contributing to its therapeutic potential in inflammatory conditions. Designed through molecular dynamic simulations, MRS4458 exhibits optimized shape and complementarity with the receptor. Its biological efficacy has been validated using fluorescence assays, confirming a robust antagonistic effect against the target receptor. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Iomazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that exhibits partial inverse agonist activity. It serves as a valuable tool for evaluating the binding potential of central benzodiazepine receptors in the cerebral cortex, thereby providing insights into neuronal function within viable tissue. Research indicates that Iomazenil may enhance cognitive function in adult patients suffering from ischemic cerebral pathology following indirect revascularization surgery, as evidenced by its ability to restore benzodiazepine receptor binding potential in the affected hemisphere observed through brain SPECT imaging. -
Immunosuppressive Fungal Metabolite
Mycestericin G is an immunosuppressive fungal metabolite characterized by its sphingosine-like structure. It demonstrates potent immunosuppressive activity, making it a valuable tool for studying immune modulation. Mycestericin G is applicable in research exploring the mechanisms of immune system regulation and potential therapeutic strategies in transplant biology and autoimmune diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Safrazine hydrochloride is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) known for its irreversible activity. By inhibiting monoamine oxidase, it effectively increases the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, which plays a crucial role in alleviating symptoms of depression and mood disorders. This compound is valuable for research into the biochemical mechanisms underlying mood regulation and therapeutic approaches to mood disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolites
Monoglyceride lipase, Bacillus sp., is an essential enzyme that facilitates lipid metabolism by catalyzing the hydrolysis of monoglycerides, notably 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), into glycerol and free fatty acids. This enzyme plays a crucial role in regulating 2-AG levels, thus influencing neural signaling pathways, pain perception, inflammatory responses, and various metabolic processes. It serves as a valuable tool in studies on lipid signaling, endocannabinoid modulation, and related physiological functions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Besigliptin tosylate is a selective DPP-4 inhibitor that enhances metabolic control and β-cell function. It effectively lowers serum DPP-4 activity and improves oral glucose tolerance, demonstrating significant reductions in fasting blood glucose levels and enhanced lipid profiles in diabetic mouse models. Additionally, chronic administration of besigliptin tosylate increases insulin staining in pancreatic islet cells, underscoring its potential to improve β-cell function in therapeutic applications related to diabetes management. -
Endogenous Metabolite
CS-003 is a potent triple neurokinin receptor antagonist, targeting NK1, NK2, and NK3 receptors with Ki values of 2.3 nM, 0.54 nM, and 0.74 nM, respectively, in human tissues. It demonstrates superior inhibitory activity against guinea pig neurokinin receptors as well, with Ki values of 5.2 nM, 0.47 nM, and 0.71 nM. CS-003 significantly inhibits inositol phosphate formation related to the neurokinin signaling of substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B. Furthermore, it effectively reduces citric acid-induced cough, exhibiting enhanced activity compared to selective neurokinin receptor antagonists, making it valuable for research in neurogenic respiratory disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Mannomustine dihydrochloride is an alkylating agent targeting endogenous metabolites with notable antineoplastic activity. Its mechanism involves the modification of DNA, leading to tumor cell death, but it is associated with severe bone marrow depression as a side effect. This compound is primarily utilized in cancer research to study its effects on malignancies and evaluate potential therapeutic applications. Additionally, Mannomustine dihydrochloride is recognized for its potency as a vesicant. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Bucricaine is an anesthetic compound that primarily targets nerve signaling pathways to provide analgesic effects. It is utilized in clinical settings to reduce pain during surgical and dental procedures. With its mechanism of inhibiting nerve conduction, Bucricaine is effective in applications requiring local anesthesia, enhancing patient comfort and procedural efficacy. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Adenosine triphosphatase is an enzyme that functions by catalyzing the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This action plays a critical role in cellular energy metabolism and regulation of various biochemical pathways. Adenosine triphosphatase is essential for studies involving energy transfer, signaling, and metabolic processes in both cellular and molecular biology research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N-Acetyl-Leukotriene E4 (N-Acetyl-LTE4) is an endogenous metabolite derived from Leukotriene E4 (LTE4), identified in biological fluids such as bile and urine. This compound is known to induce vasoconstriction in mesenteric vessels, resulting in decreased blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract. It serves as a valuable tool for research applications related to inflammation, vascular regulation, and gastrointestinal physiology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
(Rac)-PAT-494 is a type II autotaxin inhibitor that specifically targets the enzyme responsible for the production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the bloodstream. By antagonizing autotaxin, (Rac)-PAT-494 exhibits promising potential in addressing diseases associated with cancer, fibrosis, and inflammation. It demonstrates high efficacy in biochemical assays and plasma tests, and has been shown to effectively lower plasma LPA levels following oral administration in rat models. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1,2-Dilinoleoyl-3-α-linolenoyl-rac-glycerol is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a crucial component in the investigation of triglyceride profiles in vegetable oils. This compound can be analyzed through techniques such as supercritical CO2 chromatography-mass spectrometry, allowing researchers to assess its presence and characteristics within various oil matrices. Its study aids in understanding lipid composition and nutritional properties of plant-based oils. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-hydroxylysine dihydrochloride is an endogenous metabolite specific to collagen proteins, generated through the posttranslational hydroxylation of select lysine residues. This amino acid plays a crucial role in stabilizing the collagen triple helix and enhancing its structural integrity. L-hydroxylysine dihydrochloride is widely utilized in research applications focused on collagen synthesis, extracellular matrix studies, and understanding connective tissue disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolites
Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), playing a crucial role in glycerol metabolism and energy production. This rate-limiting enzyme is essential for glycerol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, facilitating its adaptation to high osmotic conditions through the regulation of glycerol levels. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is valuable for research in metabolic engineering and related studies of cellular adaptation and energy homeostasis. -
Endogenous Metabolite
2-(2-Hydroxy-5-methoxyphenoxy)-acrylic acid is an endogenous metabolite derived from the endophytic fungus Phoma macrostoma found within the inner tissue of the medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. This compound exhibits significant biological activity and may provide insights into plant-fungal interactions and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Its research applications include investigations into natural product chemistry and the exploration of potential therapeutic benefits of compounds sourced from medicinal plants. -
Endogenous Metabolite
12α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from Bacillus sphaericus is an NAD-dependent enzyme that primarily targets bile acids, exhibiting activity on both bound and unbound forms. This enzyme plays a pivotal role in the metabolism of 12α-hydroxy bile acids and can be utilized to quantify their concentration in serum samples. Its application is significant in studies of bile acid metabolism and related pathophysiological conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Radamide is a selective inhibitor of Grp94, targeting this chaperone protein to exhibit anti-migratory effects. It is primarily utilized in research related to Grp94-associated conditions, including glaucoma, cancer metastasis, and multiple myeloma. Additionally, Radamide derivatives have demonstrated enhanced potency and selectivity through optimized structure-activity relationship studies, making them valuable tools for investigating Grp94's role in various biological contexts. -
Endogenous Metabolite
SAR114137 is an endogenous metabolite known for its significant biochemical activity. It displays altered amorphous content characteristics during the physical processing of the crystalline active pharmaceutical ingredient, with a marked reduction in amorphous API content when subjected to various jet grinding techniques. SAR114137 also demonstrates good chemical stability in pharmaceutical formulations, making it a valuable reagent for research focused on drug formulation and stability assessments. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Diadenosine pentaphosphate pentalithium functions as an endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotide. This compound plays a significant role in cellular signaling and is involved in various biological processes, particularly in vascular regulation and neurotransmission. It is commonly used in research focused on platelet activity, vasodilation mechanisms, and synaptic transmission across different cell types, including thrombocytes and neuronal cells. -
Endogenous Metabolite
AZD4877 hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of the microtubule motor protein kinesin-5 (KSP), primarily utilized for its anti-tumor properties. By inhibiting dynein's function, AZD4877 disrupts mitotic spindle assembly, activating the spindle assembly checkpoint and resulting in cell cycle arrest during mitosis. This disruption may lead to apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells, while potentially reducing the risk of peripheral neuropathy commonly associated with other microtubule-targeted therapies. AZD4877 plays a critical role in ensuring the formation of bipolar spindles and the accurate segregation of sister chromatids during cell division. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Decarestrictin A1 is an endogenous metabolite derived from the fungus Penicillium. This compound exhibits notable biological activity, making it valuable in research focused on fungal metabolism and secondary metabolite production. Decarestrictin A1 is useful for investigating the role of fungal metabolites in biochemical pathways and their potential applications in biotechnology and pharmacology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Glycerophosphoinositol (lysine) is an endogenous phospholipid metabolite that exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties. It effectively inhibits UVB-induced prostaglandin E (PGE) secretion in human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK), making it a valuable compound for research in dermatological applications. Its function in modulating inflammatory responses underscores its potential utility in studies related to skin health and disease. -
Endogenous Metabolite
H-0104 dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), targeting pathways involved in ocular pressure regulation. This compound has been shown to effectively lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in preclinical models, specifically in monkey eyes. It warrants further investigation to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its IOP-lowering effects, which may not solely rely on ROCK inhibition. H-0104 dihydrochloride is valuable for research applications focused on glaucoma and other conditions associated with elevated IOP. -
Endogenous Metabolite
20-Hydroxy-leukotriene B4 is an endogenous metabolite that plays a role in various biological processes, particularly in immune responses and inflammation. This compound is primarily studied in the context of Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome, aiding in the understanding of its pathophysiology. Researchers utilize 20-Hydroxy-leukotriene B4 to explore its biological activity and potential therapeutic implications related to inflammatory conditions. -
Fungal Metabolite
F-14329 is a tetramic acid fungal metabolite that exhibits significant activity against various fungal strains. This compound serves as a valuable tool for researchers studying fungal biology and developing antifungal therapies. Its unique structure and mechanism of action make it an important candidate for investigations into fungal metabolism and resistance mechanisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
NP603 is a potent inhibitor of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1). It demonstrates significant anti-proliferative activity against endothelial cells, particularly in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) stimulated by recombinant human FGF-2, with a minimum effective dose of 0.4 µM. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on angiogenesis and related signaling pathways.
