Microbiology

Items 2351-2400 of 6342

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  1. Phytoestrogen

    3,7-Dihydroxyflavone is a flavonoid phytoestrogen that modulates estrogen receptors, making it a valuable compound for research in hormonal signaling pathways. It serves as an inhibitor of the human progesterone metabolizing enzyme AKR1C1 and fungal 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, demonstrating redox inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0.6 μM and 6.0 μM, respectively. Additionally, 3,7-Dihydroxyflavone exhibits fluorescence properties, acting as a binding substrate for human serum albumin with specific excitation and emission wavelengths, rendering it useful for biochemical assays and studies related to protein binding interactions.
  2. Bacterial Metabolite

    12-Tridecenoic acid is a bacterial metabolite that plays a crucial role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. It promotes the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACC) while inhibiting carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), contributing to the development of hepatic steatosis. This compound is relevant for research in metabolic diseases and cellular lipid regulation.
  3. Antibacterial Agent

    Metioprim is a competitive inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), targeting critical pathways in bacterial folate metabolism. It exhibits potent antibacterial activity against anaerobic bacteria and demonstrates synergistic effects when combined with DDS against E. coli and various mycobacterial strains. This reagent is valuable for antibacterial research and development, particularly in studies focused on antibiotic resistance and the efficacy of combination therapies.
  4. Antibacterial Agent

    AR-102 is an antibacterial agent that exhibits potent inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. It demonstrates competitive inhibition of the F98Y mutant dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) with a Ki value of 0.22 nM. Structural studies have characterized AR-102 as forming a ternary complex with NADPH in both wild-type and TMP-resistant F98Y mutant S. aureus DHFR, making it a valuable compound for research on antibacterial resistance mechanisms.
  5. SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor

    SARS-CoV-2-IN-113 is a sulfonohydrazide derivative designed to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, demonstrating an IC50 of 8.320 μM. This compound exerts significant antiviral activity by blocking viral entry and replication, while also downregulating the expression of key genes and proteins such as Spike, ACE-2, and RdRp. With its high selectivity and low cytotoxicity, SARS-CoV-2-IN-113 serves as a valuable tool for research in the field of SARS-CoV-2 biology and therapeutic development.
  6. Bacterial Inhibitor

    N-Butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) is a bacterial inhibitor that functions as a signaling molecule in quorum sensing. This compound demonstrates significant antibacterial activity and effectively disrupts biofilm formation, particularly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Research applications include studying bacterial communication and developing strategies to combat antibiotic-resistant infections through targeted inhibition of quorum sensing pathways.
  7. Bacterial Inhibitor

    2-Ethyl-6-methylphenol is an alkylphenol with significant antibacterial properties. This compound has demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting bacterial growth and exhibits potential insecticidal activity, making it a valuable tool in microbiological research and pest control studies. Its role as a bacterial inhibitor can facilitate investigations into microbial resistance and the development of novel antimicrobial agents.
  8. Antibacterial Agent

    4-Chloro-2-methylphenol is an antibacterial agent that effectively inhibits bacterial growth through disruption of cell membrane integrity. Its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity makes it suitable for use in various pharmaceutical applications, particularly as a preservative and excipient in formulations. This compound is also valuable in research settings focused on studying antibacterial mechanisms and developing new antimicrobial therapies.
  9. Anti-bacterial Agent

    Perillene is a natural compound derived from essential oils, primarily recognized for its antibacterial properties. It exhibits significant antibacterial activity against various pathogens, making it a valuable reagent for research in microbial inhibition and infection prevention. Additionally, perillene has been investigated for its potential antitumor effects, contributing to studies focused on cancer therapeutics and natural product research.
  10. Antibacterial agent

    Gypsogenic acid is a triterpenoid acid with established antibacterial properties, primarily targeting oral bacterial pathogens. It has demonstrated effective minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 50 to 200 μg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus haematococcus, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sobrinus. Additionally, Gypsogenic acid has been shown to induce blood cortisone cleavage in isolated mice, with an IC50 of 56.6 μM, making it a promising candidate for further research in antibacterial and trypanoidal applications.
  11. Antibacterial Agent

    Antibacterial agent 265 is a potent antibacterial compound targeting various bacterial strains. It exhibits significant activity against both gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, and Bacillus subtilis, as well as gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Flavobacterium devorans. This compound is valuable for research applications related to infection control, antimicrobial resistance, and the development of new antibacterial therapies.
  12. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Upleganan is a polymyxin analogue that functions as a bacterial inhibitor, exhibiting antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. It demonstrates significant efficacy, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.125 mg/L against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pa14 and Acinetobacter baumannii NCTC13301. Upleganan is valuable for research applications focusing on antibiotic resistance and the development of novel antibacterial therapies.
  13. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Gepotidacin (S enantiomer) is a potent bacterial inhibitor that targets bacterial DNA replication and transcription processes. This compound exhibits effective antimicrobial activity against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, making it valuable for research in infectious disease models. Its mechanism of action involves inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase, contributing to its bactericidal effects. Gepotidacin (S enantiomer) is primarily applied in studies focused on antibiotic resistance and the development of new therapeutic strategies.
  14. Antibiotic Adjuvant

    PA3552-IN-1 is an antibiotic adjuvant that enhances the efficacy of Polymyxin B against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, specifically the DK2 strain. By reducing the expression of the PA3552 gene, PA3552-IN-1 restores bacterial sensitivity, making it a valuable tool for overcoming antimicrobial resistance. This compound is relevant for research applications aimed at developing strategies for treating resistant bacterial infections.
  15. Metabolite

    9-Methylstreptimidone is a microbial metabolite primarily derived from Streptomyces sp. S-885, exhibiting notable antifungal and antiviral properties. It demonstrates activity against various fungal species, including S. sake, S. fragilis, R. rubra, T. rubra, and C. albidus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 4 to 20 μg/mL. Additionally, 9-Methylstreptimidone has effective antiviral activity against poliovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in vitro (MIC=0.02 μg/mL for all). In vivo studies indicate that this compound enhances survival in mouse models challenged with influenza A2 (H2N2) and C. albicans when administered prior to infection.
  16. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Griselimycin is a cyclic lipopeptide that functions as a bacterial inhibitor by specifically binding to the sliding clamp of bacterial DNA polymerase, while exhibiting no interaction with human proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). This compound demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including drug-resistant strains, and various Gram-negative bacteria. Griselimycin is useful in research applications focused on bacterial DNA replication and the development of new antibacterial therapeutics.
  17. Anti-Candida Agent

    Antibacterial Agent 27 is a potent anti-Candida agent that targets the growth and proliferation of Candida species. This compound exhibits significant antifungal activity, making it a valuable tool for research in fungal infections and therapeutic development. Its efficacy against a range of Candida strains supports investigations into potential treatments for candidiasis and related diseases.
  18. Antibacterial Drug

    N-(3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl)-DL-homoserine lactone is a member of the N-Acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) family derived from V. alginolyticus strains. This compound demonstrates significant antibacterial activity and plays a crucial role in biofilm formation. Its unique properties make it valuable for studying bacterial communication and quorum sensing mechanisms in various research applications.
  19. β-lactamase Inhibitor

    FPI-1523 is a potent β-lactamase inhibitor targeting CTX-M-15 and OXA-48, exhibiting dissociation constants (Kd) of 4 nM and 34 nM, respectively. Additionally, it inhibits penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM. FPI-1523 demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity, making it a valuable reagent for research in antibiotic resistance and bacterial infection studies.
  20. Beta-lactamase Inhibitor

    BLI-489 is a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor that effectively targets class A, class C (AmpC), and class D beta-lactamase producing pathogens. When used in combination with Piperacillin, BLI-489 enhances antimicrobial activity, providing a therapeutic strategy against infections caused by resistant bacteria. This compound is essential for research aimed at understanding and overcoming beta-lactam resistance mechanisms in clinical pathogens.
  21. Antibacterial Agent

    IPrAgCl is an antibacterial agent with demonstrated antiproliferative activity. It exhibits an IC50 of 30 nM against the MCF7 cell line and 35 nM against the KB cancer cell line. Additionally, IPrAgCl induces apoptosis in the HL60 cell line through the translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor from the mitochondria to the nucleus, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer and antibacterial studies.
  22. Sulfonamide Antibiotic

    Sulfadimethoxine-d4 is a deuterium-labeled sulfonamide antibiotic, derived from sulfadimethoxine. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and is utilized in the treatment of various infections, including respiratory, urinary tract, enteric, and soft tissue infections. Sulfadimethoxine-d4 serves as a valuable tool in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research involving sulfonamide antibiotics.
  23. Antibacterial Agent

    Macrocarpal A, a potent antibacterial agent derived from the leaves of Eucalyptus macrocarpa, exhibits significant antimicrobial activity. It effectively inhibits the growth of Bacillus subtilis PCI219 with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of below 0.2 µM, and Staphylococcus aureus FDA209P, with an MIC of 0.4 µM. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on antibacterial efficacy and the development of antimicrobial agents.
  24. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Ganoderol A is a terpenoid derived from Ganoderma lucidum that acts as a bacterial inhibitor. It demonstrates antimicrobial properties and plays a role in inhibiting the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Additionally, Ganoderol A exhibits significant anti-inflammatory effects and provides protection against ultraviolet A (UVA) damage, making it valuable for research in microbial resistance and skin protection strategies.
  25. Antibacterial Agent

    4-Heptyloxyphenol functions as an antibacterial agent, exhibiting significant activity against periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus artemidis, and Streptococcus sobrinus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 0.10, 0.21, and 0.14 mM, respectively. This compound is useful in scientific research focused on oral microbiology and the development of novel antibacterial therapies targeting oral pathogens.
  26. Antibacterial Agent

    Antibacterial Agent 26 is a potent antibacterial compound targeting a wide range of bacterial pathogens. With strong activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, it is suitable for various research applications including studies on antimicrobial resistance and drug efficacy. This compound is valuable for researchers investigating novel antibacterial strategies and mechanisms of action.
  27. Bacterial Inhibitor

    (5α)-Stigmastane-3,6-dione is a naturally occurring sterol with antibacterial properties. It functions by inhibiting bacterial growth, making it valuable for research in antimicrobial applications. Its isolation from Ailanthus altissima Swingle highlights its natural origins and potential utility in studies exploring microbial resistance and antibiotic development.
  28. Antibacterial Agent

    Effusanin A is a natural antibacterial agent derived from Isodon rugosus. It demonstrates potent DNA-damaging activity alongside its antibacterial properties, making it a valuable compound for research into microbial resistance and cellular responses to DNA damage. Its unique biological profile positions Effusanin A as a significant tool for studying the mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity and developing new antibacterial therapies.
  29. Antibacterial Agent

    Tunicamycin V is a nucleoside natural product that functions as an antibacterial agent by inhibiting bacterial phospho-N-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide transferase (MraY), with an IC50 of 0.35 μM. This compound demonstrates significant antibacterial activity, making it valuable for research applications in microbial resistance and antibiotic development. Its mechanism of action highlights its potential for further exploration in the field of antibacterial drug discovery.
  30. Antibacterial Agent

    LolCDE-IN-4 is an antibacterial agent that targets the LolCDE complex, inhibiting its function and disrupting the release of lipoproteins from the inner membrane. It demonstrates antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 0.25 to 32 µg/ml. This compound is valuable for research focused on developing new antibacterial therapies and understanding the mechanisms of bacterial resistance.
  31. Antibacterial/Antiinflammatory Agent

    AN0128 is a boron-containing antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent that targets bacterial infections. It demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, and Bacillus subtilis, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1, 0.5, 0.3, and 1 µg/mL, respectively. AN0128 is suitable for research applications focused on periodontal diseases and various cutaneous disorders.
  32. Antibacterial Agent

    Olanexidine is an antibacterial agent that exhibits activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Additionally, it possesses antiseptic properties, making it suitable for various applications in the research of infection and inflammation. Olanexidine's efficacy against diverse microbial threats enhances its utility in studies focused on antimicrobial resistance and therapeutic interventions.
  33. Antibacterial Agent

    Chrysophanol tetraglucoside is recognized for its antibacterial properties, targeting bacterial cell processes to inhibit growth. This compound also exhibits anti-hypolipidemic activity, making it a valuable reagent in research focused on lipid metabolism and microbial infection studies. Its multifunctional nature supports various applications in pharmacological investigations and natural product research.
  34. Antibacterial Compound

    CPFX2090 is a cephalosporin antibacterial compound that exhibits potent activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens. It disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell lysis and death. This compound is useful in the evaluation of antibacterial efficacy and the development of new therapeutic strategies against resistant strains.
  35. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Primin is a natural product that acts as a bacterial inhibitor, primarily targeting microbial growth. Isolated from the trichomes of Primula obconica, it exhibits significant antimicrobial and antitumor activities. This compound is valuable in research focused on developing antibacterial agents and cancer therapeutics. Its unique properties make it a useful tool for investigating bactericidal mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications.
  36. Antibacterial Agent

    Irloxacin, a quinolone antibacterial agent, demonstrates enhanced activity at acidic pH levels. It exhibits a broad in vitro antimicrobial spectrum, effectively targeting both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This compound is suitable for applications in antibacterial research, particularly in studies focusing on resistance mechanisms and the development of new therapeutic strategies.
  37. Bacterial

    5-Phenyl-1-pentyne is an alkyne compound that demonstrates antibacterial and antitumor activity, effectively inhibiting the proliferation of specific cancer cell lines. This reagent serves as a critical intermediate in organic synthesis, facilitating diverse chemical reactions. Additionally, it is employed in the development of new compounds aimed at enhancing bioavailability and improving the efficacy of pharmacologically active substances.
  38. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Cowaxanthone B is a xanthone compound derived from the fruits of Garcinia cowa, primarily targeting bacterial pathways. This agent exhibits moderate antibacterial activity and may be utilized in research contexts aimed at understanding bacterial inhibition mechanisms. Its potential applications include the study of antimicrobial resistance and the development of new antibacterial agents.
  39. Antibacterial Agent

    Megazol is an orally active antibacterial agent that demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei, with an EC50 value of 0.01 μg/mL. This compound is primarily utilized in research focused on protozoan infections, offering insights into potential treatments and therapeutic applications for related diseases.
  40. Antibacterial Agent

    Anhydrochlortetracycline hydrochloride is an antibacterial agent that serves as a degradation product of chlortetracycline. This compound effectively inhibits the growth of actinomycetes, making it a valuable tool for research in microbiology and antibiotic efficacy studies. Its applications extend to exploring bacterial resistance mechanisms and assessing antibiotic performance in various biological assays.
  41. Antibacterial Agent

    Antibacterial Agent 19 functions as a potent antibacterial agent, specifically targeting bacterial infections. It demonstrates significant antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and both methicillin-resistant (MR) and vancomycin-resistant (VR) Staphylococcus aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.022 mg/mL and 0.045 mg/mL, respectively. This compound is valuable for research into antibiotic resistance and the development of new antibacterial therapies.
  42. Rhizobacterial Inducer

    N-3-Oxo-tetradecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (oxo-C14-HSL) is a rhizobacterial inducer that enhances plant defense mechanisms, particularly against nematode infestations. This compound plays a vital role in promoting beneficial interactions between plants and soil microorganisms, ultimately improving plant resilience and health. It is utilized in research focused on plant-microbe interactions and crop protection strategies.
  43. Antibacterial Agent

    Cefteram is an antibacterial agent identified as the free acid of Cefteram pivoxil, an orally active cephalosporin ester. It demonstrates potent activity against enteropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. This compound is primarily utilized in research applications aimed at investigating antibacterial properties and treatment strategies for infections caused by these pathogens.
  44. Bacterial Carbon Source

    D-Lactose monohydrate serves as a carbon source for various bacterial species. It is utilized in research to investigate bacterial metabolism and growth dynamics. Additionally, D-Lactose monohydrate has been shown to promote the proliferation of tobacco B6S3 tumor tissues, making it valuable for studies focused on plant tumor growth mechanisms and sugar utilization pathways in bacteria.
  45. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Parasin I is a 19-amino acid peptide derived from histone H2A, exhibiting significant antimicrobial properties primarily against bacterial pathogens. This peptide serves as a bacterial inhibitor, making it a valuable tool for research focused on microbial resistance and the development of new antimicrobial agents. Its unique mechanism of action may provide insights for therapeutic applications in infectious disease management.
  46. Antibacterial Agent

    Macrocarpal D is a phloroglucinol dialdehyde diterpene derivative with significant antibacterial properties. Isolated from the leaves of Eucalyptus macrocarpa, it demonstrates efficacy against various bacterial strains. Its potent activity makes it a valuable reagent for research applications focusing on antibacterial mechanisms and the development of new antimicrobial agents.
  47. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Cinnamylideneacetic acid is a bacterial inhibitor that engages in a photoinduced [2+2] cycloaddition reaction. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial activity, making it a valuable tool for research on bacterial resistance mechanisms and the development of new antimicrobial agents. Its photoresponsive properties allow for the exploration of light-activated therapies in microbial systems.
  48. Antibacterial agent

    Sulfametrole is a potent antibacterial agent that acts by inhibiting bacterial growth through the competitive inhibition of dihydropteroate synthase. It exhibits efficacy against various bacterial infections, making it suitable for research applications concerning infectious diseases, including severe pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and potential implications in HIV-related studies. This compound serves as a valuable tool for understanding antibacterial mechanisms and developing treatment strategies.
  49. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Triclosan-methyl is a transformation product of triclosan, functioning primarily as a bacterial inhibitor. It exhibits significant antimicrobial activity, making it relevant for applications in assessing bacterial resistance and efficacy of antimicrobial compounds. This compound is commonly utilized in research related to personal care products and their environmental impact, particularly in evaluating the persistence and degradation of antibacterial agents.
  50. Bacterial Modulator

    N-Tetradecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is a bacterial modulator that functions as a short-chained N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL). It plays a critical role in cell-to-cell communication among Proteobacteria, particularly in aquatic environments where diatoms are present. This compound is useful in studies investigating bacterial quorum sensing mechanisms and the dynamics of microbial communities.

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