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CFTR Inhibitor
Oridonin (Isodonol), an entkaurane diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, is an important traditional Chinese herbal remedy. -
P-gp inhibitor
P-gp inhibitor 1 is a novel inhibitor reversing P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. -
Serotonin transporter inhibitor
Imipramine Hydrochloride is a tricyclic antidepressant. Inhibits the serotonin and norepinephrine transporters but has little effect on the dopamine transporter. -
SGLT2 Inhibitor
Luseogliflozin is an orally active second-generation sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor developed by Taisho Pharmaceutical for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). -
P-gp inhibitor
Laniquidar is a third-generation P-gp inhibitor, which has been used in clinic trials for modulating multidrug resistance transporters. -
SGLT2 inhibitor
Ipragliflozin is a highly potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor with IC50 of 2.8 nM; little and NO potency for SGLT1/3/4/5/6. -
voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 inhibitor
Nav1.7-IN-3 is a selective, orally bioavailable voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 inhibitor with an IC50 of 8 nM. Pain relief. Limited CNS penetration. -
AMPA desensitization inhibitor
Cyclothiazide is a benzothiadiazide that acts as a potentiator of AMPA receptors, positively modulating its response to glutamic acid (EC50 = 3.8 M). -
NaV1.3 and NaV1.1 channels inhibitor
ICA-121431 is a potent and selective inhibitor of human NaV1.3 and NaV1.1 channels (IC50 values are 13 and 23 nM respectively). -
hASBT inhibitor
GSK2330672 is a highly potent, nonabsorbable apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter inhibitor. -
Ca2+ release inhibitor
Dantrolene sodium is a muscle relaxant that acts by abolishing excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells, probably by action on the ryanodine receptor. -
sodium channel protein inhibitor
Oxcarbazepine is a sodium channel protein inhibitor. -
SGLT2 inhibitor
Remogliflozin inhibits the sodium-glucose transport (SGLT2) proteins, which are responsible for glucose reabsorption in the kidney. -
ATP synthase inhibitor
Oligomycin is a macrolide that acts as a specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial ATP-synthase and blocks oxidative phosphorylation. -
SERCA inhibitor
Cyclopiazonic acid is an inhibitor of SERCA (endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) which induces the release of intracellular stored Ca2+, without increasing IP3 levels. -
Potassium Channel inhibitor
Repaglinide is a potent short-acting insulin secretagogue that acts by closing ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in the plasma membrane of the pancreatic beta cell. -
protein tyrosine phosphatases inhibitor
Sodium orthovanadate is the chemical compound Na3VO4. It is an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases and a number of ATPases, most likely acting as a phosphate analogue. -
Calcium Channel inhibitor
Tetrandrine is a calcium channel blocker. It inhibits the degranulation of mast cells.Tetrandrine has anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic actions, which make tetrandrine and related compounds potentially useful in the treatment of lung silicosis, liver cirrhosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. -
SGLT2 inhibitor
PF-04971729 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2. -
TrxR1/CRM1 inhibitor
Piperlongumine selectively kills cancer cells regardless of p53 status without harming normal cells. It binds to and inihbits proteins known to regulate oxidative stress, in particular, Glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1). -
Sodium channel blocker/DNMT inhibitor
Procainamide HCl is a sodium channel blocker, and also a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. -
proton pump inhibitor
Tenatoprazole is a prodrug of the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) class, which inhibits proton transport with IC50 of 3.2 uM. -
MCT1 inhibitor
AR-C117977 is a potent MCT1 inhibitor, which can reduce vimmune responses both in vitro and in vivo, maintains long-term graft survival, and induces operational tolerance. -
P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor
(R)-Verapamil hydrochloride is an orally active P-Glycoprotein inhibitor that effectively blocks MRP1-mediated transport. This compound induces apoptosis and inhibits L-type calcium channels, including BZPcc, DHPcc, and PLLcc. Additionally, (R)-Verapamil hydrochloride demonstrates potential anti-septic shock and anti-diabetic effects, making it suitable for a range of research applications in cellular signaling and drug transport studies. -
NF-κB Expression Reducer, ERK 1/2 Activator, Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Modulator, Calcium Channel Inhibitor
Eupatorin is a flavonoid that functions primarily as an NF-κB expression reducer and an ERK 1/2 activator, while also modulating beta-adrenergic receptors and inhibiting calcium channels. It demonstrates significant antiproliferative and vasodilatory effects, inducing apoptosis and causing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, alongside reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Eupatorin has been shown to impact inflammatory mediators and calcium signaling pathways, making it relevant for research in breast cancer, hypertension, and leukemia. Metabolized by CYP1A1 and other CYP1 enzymes, Eupatorin yields bioactive metabolites that maintain antiproliferative properties. -
PP Inhibitor
Pantoprazole sodium hydrate is a potent proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that targets the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme. With an IC50 value of 6.8 μM, it exhibits significant anti-secretory and anti-ulcer properties. This compound has been demonstrated to enhance tumor growth delay when used in combination with Doxorubicin, making it a valuable reagent for studies involving cancer treatment and gastrointestinal disorders. -
F0F1-ATPase Inhibitor
Apoptolidin is a polyketide compound that selectively inhibits the mitochondrial F0F1-ATPase. It has been demonstrated to induce apoptotic cell death specifically in cells transformed with adenovirus type 12 oncogenes, such as ElA, with an IC50 of 10-17 ng/ml. Apoptolidin serves as a valuable tool for studying apoptotic mechanisms and mitochondrial function in cancer research. -
Kv2.1 Inhibitor
Kv2.1-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of the Kv2.1 potassium channel, demonstrating a potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.07 μM. It exhibits over 130-fold selectivity against other potassium, sodium, and calcium channels. Kv2.1-IN-1 has been shown to reduce H2O2-induced apoptosis in HEK293 cells and provides significant neuroprotective effects in models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. This compound is useful for research into ischemic stroke and related neurological conditions. -
Inflammation Inhibitor
Resolvin D5 is an anti-inflammatory agent primarily targeting the GPR32 receptor, effectively modulating inflammation responses. It alleviates Paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia and inflammatory pain in male mice through mechanisms that do not involve TRPV1 or TRPA1 channels. Resolvin D5 reduces LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation while downregulating pro-inflammatory mediators, inhibiting Th17 differentiation, and promoting regulatory T cell differentiation. This compound is particularly relevant for research on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, inflammatory pain, and rheumatoid arthritis. -
NF-κB Inhibitor/TRP Modulator
Cannabitwinol is a selective NF-κB inhibitor and thermosensitive TRP modulator. It effectively inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB-driven transcription and IL-8 release, exhibiting notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Cannabitwinol selectively activates cold-activated TRP channels, such as TRPA1 (EC50 = 3.0 μM), while antagonizing TRPM8 (IC50 = 3.9 μM), with minimal interaction with heat-activated TRP channels like TRPV1 and TRPV2. This compound is applicable in research focused on inflammatory skin diseases, cold allodynia, and hyperalgesia. -
ecto-ATPase Inhibitor
ARL67156 is an inhibitor of ecto-ATPase, specifically targeting NTPDase1 (CD39), NTPDase3, and NPP1. It exhibits weak competitive inhibition with Ki values of 11 µM, 18 µM, and 12 µM for these enzymes, respectively. This compound is useful for studies investigating purinergic signaling and ATP metabolism in various biological contexts, including cell signaling and immune response research. -
NMDAR/TRPM4 Inhibitor
Brophenexin free base is a potent inhibitor targeting the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and the transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4). This compound exhibits significant neuroprotective activity, preventing NMDA-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons, with an IC50 of 2.1 μM. Furthermore, Brophenexin free base has demonstrated protective effects in vivo, safeguarding against brain damage induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and preserving retinal ganglion cells from NMDA-induced loss. -
CFTR Inhibitor
BPO-27 racemate is a potent cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 8 nM. This compound has been shown to effectively suppress CFTR activity, making it valuable for research aimed at understanding CFTR-related disorders. BPO-27 racemate can be utilized in studies investigating ion channel regulation and potential therapeutic interventions for cystic fibrosis. -
Histamine H1 Receptor/TRPV1 Inhibitor
Dexbrompheniramine is a dual inhibitor of the histamine H1 receptor and the TRPV1 receptor, enabling it to effectively cross the blood-brain barrier. It functions by blocking H1 receptor activity and inhibiting TRPV1-mediated calcium responses in a dose-dependent manner, including responses triggered by Capsaicin. Research indicates that Dexbrompheniramine, when combined with Cimetidine, can mitigate drinking behavior induced by histamine and sham feeding, while it alone does not induce thirst. This compound is valuable for investigating the pathophysiology of chronic cough and related disorders. -
P-glycoprotein Inhibitor
P-gp inhibitor 22 is a potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), effectively blocking its efflux function. This compound has been shown to induce apoptosis and promote the accumulation of MCF-7/ADR cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. Its ability to inhibit P-gp makes it relevant in studies focused on multidrug resistance and cancer therapeutics. -
Potassium Channel Inhibitor
DPO-1 is a selective inhibitor of Kv1.5 and Kv1.3 potassium channels (EC50 = 3.1 μM) with notable immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. It effectively reduces Kv1.3 current density, diminishes Ca2+ influx in calcium-depleted Jurkat cells, and inhibits IL-2 secretion in activated Jurkat cells. Additionally, DPO-1 obstructs uric acid sodium (MSU)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by interfering with Kv1.5-mediated K+ efflux. This reagent is valuable for research into immunological disorders and atrial fibrillation. -
Sodium Channel Inhibitor
Articaine is a selective inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels, including rNav1.4, hNav1.7, and rNav1.8, demonstrating an IC50 of 15.8 μM for open-state Na+ channels. It effectively blocks Na+ influx, leading to local anesthetic effects and interruption of nerve impulse conduction. Additionally, Articaine exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting NF-κB activation and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. This compound is valuable for research in dental anesthesia and inflammatory-related conditions, such as acute kidney injury. -
NAAA Inhibitor
AM9053 is a selective and slowly reversible inhibitor of N-acyl ethanolamine acid amidease (NAAA) with an IC50 of 30 nM. It shows limited impact on FAAH activity (IC50 > 100 nM). AM9053 demonstrates significant anti-proliferative effects on colorectal cancer cells through the activation of PPAR-α and TRPV1-dependent pathways, leading to S-phase cell cycle arrest. Additionally, it alleviates intestinal fibrosis by modulating macrophage activity and inhibiting the IL-23 signaling pathway, resulting in increased levels of N-acylethanolamines, particularly palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA). AM9053 is valuable for research into colorectal cancer and intestinal fibrosis. -
ABCG2/BCRP Inhibitor
Triclabendazole sulfoxide is an ABCG2/BCRP inhibitor that serves as the primary plasma metabolite of Triclabendazole. This compound demonstrates significant anti-parasitic activity and is useful in research applications focusing on the modulation of drug transport mechanisms in cellular assays. It contributes to studies investigating the role of ABCG2/BCRP in drug resistance and pharmacokinetics. -
HSP70 ATPase Inhibitor
Displurigen (NSC375009) is an HSP70 ATPase inhibitor that specifically targets HSPA8, disrupting the pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells. This compound effectively inhibits the ATPase activity of HSP70 with an IC50 of 225 μM, making it a valuable tool for research in stem cell biology and differentiation processes. Its mechanism of action provides insights into cellular signaling pathways related to stem cell maintenance and development. -
ASH ATPase Activity Inhibitor
SEW84 is a potent inhibitor of Aha1-stimulated Hsp90 (ASH) ATPase activity, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.3 μM. This compound is valuable for investigating the role of Hsp90 in protein deposition disorders and offers insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases. Additionally, SEW84 may serve as a tool for studying Hsp90's involvement in cellular stress responses and protein folding pathways. -
P-gp Inhibitor
RMS3 is a tetrandrine analogue that functions as a potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). This compound exhibits significant antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on various cancer cell lines. Notably, RMS3 induces PARP cleavage, which is indicative of cells undergoing apoptosis. Its strong anticancer properties make RMS3 a valuable tool for cancer research and therapeutic studies.

