Microbiology

Items 6101-6150 of 6342

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  1. Secondary Metabolite

    Neosartoricin D is a polyketide and a microbial secondary metabolite isolated from the culture of Aspergillus nidulans. This compound exhibits biological activity that suggests potential immunomodulatory effects, influencing host-pathogen interactions during fungal infections. Neosartoricin D serves as a valuable research tool for studying the mechanisms of fungal pathology and its impact on host immune responses.
  2. Immunosuppressant

    Homodestcardin is a destruxin-based cyclodepsipeptide that functions as an immunosuppressant. Derived from fungal sources, it exhibits significant inhibitory activity against concanavalin A (Con A) activation, demonstrating an IC50 value of 0.86 μM. This compound is of interest for research applications focused on immune modulation and the study of autoimmune disorders.
  3. Biologically Active Metabolite

    Varioxepine A is a 3H-oxepine-containing alkaloid that acts as a biologically active metabolite derived from the marine algal endophytic fungus Paecilomyces variotii. This compound exhibits inhibitory activity against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum, making it a valuable tool for research in phytopathology and the study of plant-fungal interactions. Its unique structural features may also provide insights into the development of novel antifungal agents.
  4. Surface Glycans of EVs

    6′SLN is a sialic acid derivative that targets surface glycans of extracellular vesicles (EVs). It plays a crucial role in protein glycosylation within EVs and is known to interact with hemagglutinins from both human and avian influenza virus strains. Research applications include the investigation of anti-influenza drug mechanisms and the study of EV-mediated communication in cancer biology.
  5. Bacterial Peptide Lipid Substance

    D-Allothreonine is the D stereoisomer of allothreonine, targeting bacterial peptide lipid substances. This compound can be specifically oxidized by D-amino acid oxidase, illustrating its unique reactivity compared to its L counterpart. D-Allothreonine plays a crucial role as a component of bacterial polysaccharides, making it valuable for studies on bacterial pathogenicity, antigenic variation, and mechanisms of drug resistance. Its specific biochemical interactions and applications in microbiological research highlight its significance in advancing understanding of bacterial behavior and treatment strategies.
  6. Anticancer/Antibacterial agents

    Methyl 6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylate is an indole derivative with notable anticancer and antibacterial properties. This compound demonstrates effective growth inhibition against Staphylococcus epidermidis, making it a valuable tool in studies of bacterial infections and tumorigenesis. Its diverse biological activities facilitate research in the fields of oncology and infectious diseases.
  7. E. coli Metabolite

    Carboxyaminoimidazole ribotide (CAIR) is a potent E. coli metabolite that serves as a valuable tool for studying the PurE enzyme's active site. It is instrumental in investigating the de novo purine synthesis pathway in fungi, allowing researchers to elucidate metabolic processes and potential enzymatic regulation. Additionally, CAIR can aid in further understanding bacterial and fungal metabolism, contributing to broader applications in microbiology and biochemistry research.
  8. Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor

    Flubeneteram is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.0484 μM. This compound effectively disrupts the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, contributing to its biological activity. Flubeneteram has demonstrated protective effects against fungal pathogens such as Rhizoctonia solani and Sphaerotheca fuliginea in preclinical studies. It is a valuable reagent for research focused on fungal infection mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.
  9. Bacterial Labeling

    3-Azido-D-alanine hydrochloride is an azido-modified amino acid that serves as a versatile reagent for click chemistry applications, particularly in bacterial labeling. The presence of the azide group allows it to engage in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with alkyne-containing molecules. Additionally, it can participate in strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with DBCO or BCN-modified substrates, making it a valuable tool in bioconjugation and chemical biology research.
  10. Bacterial Labeling

    3-Azido-D-alanine is an azido-modified analog of D-alanine that serves as a valuable tool for bacterial labeling applications. It features an azide functional group, enabling it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with alkyne-containing molecules. Additionally, 3-Azido-D-alanine can engage in ring strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with compounds containing dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) or bicyclononyne (BCN) groups. This reagent is ideal for studies involving click chemistry in microbial systems.
  11. Viral Enzyme Neuraminidase Substrate

    Submandibular mucin serves as a substrate for the viral enzyme neuraminidase, characterized by its high molecular weight glycoprotein structure. This compound exhibits key biological activities relevant to the study of viral infections, particularly in the context of influenza research. Its applications include investigating the enzymatic activity of neuraminidase and examining mucin interactions with viral pathogens.
  12. Nutritional Additive

    Corn steep liquor serves as a nutritional additive, primarily utilized in liquid culture media for fungal cultivation. It enhances the production of mycelial growth and secondary metabolites, supporting research in microbial metabolism and biotechnology applications. This by-product of corn processing provides essential nutrients that promote optimal fungal development and yield.
  13. Biotinylation Reagent

    Biotin-DADOO is a biotinylation reagent that facilitates the covalent attachment of biotin to various substrates. It acts as an amino component in the nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of epoxidized ω-double bonds, enabling the synthesis of biotinylated inhibitor derivatives. Additionally, Biotin-DADOO can be conjugated with carboxymethyl cellulose derivatives and is utilized in the development of biotin-estradiol conjugates for enzyme immunoassays. This reagent is also relevant in the study of influenza A research.
  14. Immune System Modulator

    Zymosan (ZM), 95% is an immune system modulator derived from yeast cell walls that primarily targets TLR-2, TLR-4, and Dectin-1 receptors. It activates downstream signaling pathways that enhance TLR-2, TLR-4, and TNF-α mRNA expression, leading to increased serum TNF-α levels and improved splenocyte viability in murine models. Zymosan (ZM), 95% has been shown to inhibit melanoma growth, modulate macrophage marker gene expression, and induce pro-inflammatory factor production in human corneal cells. Additionally, it serves as a drug carrier and supports fibroblast cell attachment in hydrogel formulations, making it a valuable tool for research on melanoma, tumors, fungal keratitis, and ocular surface inflammatory disorders.
  15. Immunity Enhancer

    Tremella polysaccharide, a high molecular weight fungal polysaccharide, functions primarily as an immunity enhancer. This compound exhibits notable biological activity by modulating immune responses, making it relevant for research applications focused on addressing leukopenia induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Its cosmetic grade designation further supports its potential in skin health and immune support formulations.
  16. Organosulfur Compound

    Thiosalicylic acid, an organosulfur compound featuring both sulfhydryl and carboxyl functional groups, primarily functions as a desulfurizing agent. This compound is utilized as a ligand in the synthesis of azosulfonamide derivatives, which exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties. Additionally, thiosalicylic acid facilitates the formation of metal chelates, specifically with Fe3+, Cu2+, and Hg2+, enhancing its versatility in various biochemical applications.
  17. Pyrrole Compound

    Methyl 5-bromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate is a pyrrole compound with a unique brominated structure. Its primary biological activities include various antimicrobial and antifungal properties. This reagent is useful in chemical research focused on synthesizing novel pyrrole derivatives and studying their potential applications in pharmaceuticals and biologically active compounds.
  18. Antifungal/Antibacterial Agent

    1-Heptacosanol (Heptacosan-1-ol) is a long-chain fatty alcohol exhibiting diverse biological activities, including antifungal, antibacterial (active against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), nematicidal, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. It can be isolated from the leaf extracts of Ficus septica and Lecaniodiscus cupanioides. 1-Heptacosanol demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungi and shows potential efficacy in controlling pepper anthracnose in phytopathological studies. This compound is a valuable research tool for investigations in fungal infections, oncology, and oxidative stress-related disorders.

  19. Antileishmanial Agent

    N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide functions as a key building block for the synthesis of copolymers aimed at targeted drug delivery in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). This compound enhances the efficacy of antileishmanial agents by facilitating their selective transport to the affected tissues. Its application in polymer chemistry supports advanced therapeutic approaches in combating leishmaniasis.
  20. Metal Chelator

    Calcium disodium edetate hydrate is a metal chelator that effectively targets and binds divalent metal ions, including manganese (Mn2+). Its biological activity includes the disruption of mitochondrial function and interference with carbohydrate metabolism, particularly in the synthesis of pyruvate during glycolysis. Additionally, Calcium disodium edetate hydrate exhibits antifungal properties by inhibiting the growth of Penicillium digitatum and delaying conidial germination. This compound is valuable for research focused on controlling citrus green mold and enhancing host defense mechanisms in citrus fruits.
  21. Nonionic Surfactant

    Polyoxyl 40 stearate (PEG 40 stearate) functions as a nonionic surfactant, synthesized through the esterification of stearic acid with polyethylene glycol containing approximately 40 ethoxy units. It exhibits key biological activity in the formulation of pharmaceutical preparations and nanodrug carriers, facilitating emulsification and stabilization of active compounds. Applications include its use as a matrix component in solid lipid nanoparticles for the controlled release of encapsulated antifungal drugs, as well as serving as a base material for vaginal drug delivery systems, where it can be modified with acryloyl chloride to introduce polymerizable groups.
  22. Glucosaminide Substrate

    VLPA-GlcNAc is a chromogenic glucosaminide substrate that serves as a valuable tool for the identification of Candida species. It can be utilized in the preparation of specialized agar media, facilitating the differentiation of Candida strains based on their enzymatic activity. This reagent is essential in microbiological research and diagnostics, particularly in clinical settings where rapid identification of fungal pathogens is crucial.
  23. Chlorinated Phenol Active Substance

    4,5-Dichloroguaiacol is a chlorinated phenol active substance known for its role in various biochemical applications. It exhibits significant antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it valuable in studies focused on microbial inhibition. This compound is commonly utilized in research involving antimicrobial assays and as a standard in environmental toxicology.
  24. Antibacterial Agent

    3,6-Diaminoacridine hydrochloride is an antibacterial agent that targets bacterial cell membranes, disrupting their integrity. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial activity, making it a valuable reagent for microbial studies and preservation applications. Its utility extends to research involving antibiotic resistance and the evaluation of antibacterial compounds.
  25. Chlorophenolic Compound

    3,4,5-Trichlorosyringol is a chlorophenolic compound that is synthesized through the chlorination of syringol in carbon disulfide (CS2). This compound exhibits anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities, making it useful for research involving microbial growth inhibition. It is applicable in studies focused on phytopathology, environmental microbiology, and the development of antimicrobial agents.
  26. Detection Substrate

    5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-α-D-maltotrioside functions as a sensitive enzyme substrate with chemiluminescent properties. It facilitates the detection of various enzymatic activities, making it suitable for diagnostic assays aimed at identifying bacterial and fungal infections, as well as other diseases. Its utility in research applications enhances the reliability of assays in clinical microbiology and molecular diagnostics.
  27. Redox Isomer

    Neopatulin is a redox isomer and a critical biogenetic precursor of the antibiotic patulin, commonly produced by various fungal species. This compound plays a significant role in studies pertaining to antibiotic synthesis and fungal metabolism. Neopatulin can be synthesized through methods such as Lewis acid-catalyzed aldol reactions or utilizing 2-formyl-1,3-dithiane in conjunction with 2-(tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)-4-[(tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)-methyl]furan, making it a valuable reagent for chemical research applications.
  28. Phenolic Compound

    Daphneolone is a phenolic compound known for its potential antifungal properties against plant pathogenic fungi. Isolated from the roots of Daphneodora, this compound is valuable for research into natural antifungal agents and plant defense mechanisms. Its analogues may offer insights into the development of eco-friendly agricultural solutions.
  29. Oxylipin

    8(R),11(S)-DiHODE is a fungal oxylipin that primarily targets lipid signaling pathways. It is known to play a role in modulating inflammatory responses and cell signaling processes. This compound is of particular interest in research applications related to metabolic diseases, inflammation, and fungal biology, providing insights into the biochemical pathways influenced by oxylipins.
  30. Penicillium Intermediate

    Cyclopeptine is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of benzodiazepine alkaloids produced by the genus Penicillium. This compound is significant for research into the metabolic pathways of fungal secondary metabolites and their potential applications in pharmacology. Cyclopeptine can also be utilized to study the structural and functional properties of benzodiazepine derivatives in various biological systems.
  31. Secondary Metabolite of Aspergillus flavus

    5,7-Dihydroxy-4-methylphthalide is a secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus, serving as a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of Mycophenolic acid. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, contributing to the understanding of fungal metabolism and the pharmacological properties of derived compounds. Its applications encompass research into fungal biosynthesis and the exploration of potential therapeutic agents stemming from fungal secondary metabolites.
  32. Anticancer Agent

    Antitumor Agent-160 is a derivative of the antifungal compound phenalenone, serving as an anticancer agent. It exhibits significant antitumor activity, making it a valuable tool in cancer research. Its potential applications include the study of cancer cell proliferation and the evaluation of therapeutic strategies in oncological research.
  33. Phenolic Compound

    3,4,5-Trichloroguaiacol is a phenolic compound primarily targeted for its antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is often utilized in studies examining environmental contaminants, particularly in the context of effluents from bleached kraft pulp mills. This compound serves as an important research tool in understanding the biochemical pathways influenced by chlorinated phenols and their impacts on microbial activity.
  34. Lanostane-type Triterpenoid Compound

    Inonotusane A is a lanostane-type triterpenoid compound isolated from the sclerotia of Inonotus obliquus. This compound exhibits notable biological activity, including potential anticancer properties and immunomodulatory effects. It serves as a valuable reagent for research focused on natural products, herbal medicine, and the therapeutic potential of fungal metabolites in various biological systems.
  35. Terpenoid

    Monardin C is a natural terpenoid known for its ability to modulate various biological pathways. It exhibits significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, making it a valuable compound in microbiological research. Monardin C's unique properties render it useful for studies focused on the therapeutic potential of terpenoids in infectious diseases and alternative medicine approaches.
  36. Sesquiterpene

    10(14)-Cadinene-4,5-diol is a natural sesquiterpene that modulates various biochemical pathways through its interaction with biological targets. Exhibiting antibacterial and antifungal properties, this compound demonstrates significant activity against a range of microbial strains. Its application in research includes the study of plant secondary metabolites and their potential therapeutic uses in combating infections.
  37. Drug Derivative

    Roseofungin is a drug derivative that primarily targets fungal infections by inhibiting fungal cell wall synthesis. Its key biological activity includes antifungal effects against a variety of pathogenic fungi. This compound is valuable in research applications focusing on antifungal drug development and the study of resistance mechanisms in fungal pathogens.
  38. Sesquiterpene

    Phaeocaulisin F is a natural sesquiterpene known for its potential effects on various biological pathways. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, making it valuable in research focused on infectious diseases and microbial resistance. Its unique structure and biological properties enable exploration in diverse fields, including pharmacology and natural product chemistry.
  39. Active Compound

    Nikkomycin J is an active compound that functions as an inhibitor of chitin synthase, targeting fungal cell wall biosynthesis. Its primary biological activity includes antifungal effects, making it particularly valuable in research related to fungal infections and the development of antifungal therapies. Nikkomycin J is utilized in studies focused on fungal pathogenesis and drug resistance mechanisms.
  40. Chlorinated Phenol

    Tetrachloroguaiacol is a chlorinated phenol primarily formed during the chlorine bleaching of wood pulp. It exhibits significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, making it relevant for studies in environmental science and biochemistry. This compound serves as a valuable reagent in research focused on the effects of chlorinated compounds on biological systems and their potential environmental impact.
  41. α,β-unsaturated Fatty Acid

    2-Decenoic acid is an α,β-unsaturated fatty acid known to inhibit plant pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, making it a valuable tool for research in plant reproductive biology. Additionally, its antimicrobial properties suggest potential applications in developing antifungal and antibacterial agents.
  42. Stable Isotope

    Loratadine-d5-1 is a deuterated analog of Loratadine, which serves as a selective inverse agonist of peripheral histamine H1 receptors. It exhibits an IC50 of greater than 32 μM and has been shown to possess anti-dengue virus (DENV) activity. Additionally, Loratadine is capable of inhibiting the immunologic release of inflammatory mediators, making it a valuable tool for research in allergy and inflammation studies.
  43. Antimicrobial Agent

    1,2-Hexanediol serves as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent with significant antibacterial and antifungal properties. It exhibits bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, while also effectively inhibiting various fungal organisms. The compound disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane potential of bacteria, making it an essential tool in research focused on bacterial and fungal infections, as well as applications in cosmetic preservation.
  44. Fungicide

    Nuarimol is a fungicide that primarily targets fungal pathogens to protect crops in agricultural applications. This compound functions as a phenobarbital-type inducer of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, leading to transient, significant hepatic regenerative proliferation and accompanying hepatomegaly through reversible hepatocellular injury. Research indicates its potential utility in studies exploring liver regeneration and metabolic enzyme regulation.
  45. Pesticide

    Thiuram disulfide is a sulfenamide compound primarily utilized as a pesticide. It functions through its inhibitory effects on various pathogens, showcasing significant antifungal and antibacterial activities. This compound is widely applied in agricultural research for evaluating pesticide efficacy and developing novel pest control strategies. Its absorbance is assessed at 435 nm, facilitating quantitative analysis in laboratory settings.
  46. Insecticide

    Tetramethylfluthrin is an insecticide that effectively targets Aedes albopictus, demonstrating rapid population reduction when delivered through unmanned aerial vehicle cold mist spray. This compound exhibits a strong knock-down effect and high toxicity to the target insect species. Tetramethylfluthrin is valuable for research related to dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever, facilitating studies on vector control and disease transmission.
  47. Bactericidal Preservative

    Copper naphthenate is an organocopper compound functioning primarily as a bactericidal preservative. It exhibits significant antifungal properties, effectively inhibiting the growth of decay fungi and molds, as well as targeting wood-boring insects and termites. Additionally, it has been shown to eliminate free-living stages of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, making it valuable for both industrial and ecological applications. Research involving copper naphthenate can provide insights into its cytotoxic effects and potential environmental impacts.
  48. Isomer

    (E/Z)-Diniconazole is an isomer of the well-studied fungicide Diniconazole, primarily targeting plant fungal pathogens. Its biological activity includes the inhibition of specific fungal processes, making it valuable for research focused on the control of plant fungal diseases. Additionally, it plays a role in studies regarding plant growth regulation, offering insights into its effects on agricultural practices and crop management.
  49. Drug Isomer

    rel-Hydroxy Itraconazole is a relative stereoisomer of Hydroxy Itraconazole, which serves as the primary active metabolite of the antifungal agent Itraconazole. This compound exhibits significant antifungal activity and is crucial in studying the pharmacological effects of its parent drug. It is primarily utilized in research applications focused on antifungal mechanisms and drug metabolism.
  50. Angucycline Antibiotic

    Urdamycin A is an angucycline antibiotic derived from Streptomyces fradiae. Notably, it functions as an orange pH indicator, shifting to ultramarine blue at pH 7.7. Urdamycin A exhibits significant anticancer activity, showing IC50 values of 2.4 μg/mL in proliferation assays and 0.55 μg/mL in stem cell assays. This compound is relevant for research applications in cancer biology and antibiotic activity studies.

Items 6101-6150 of 6342

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