-
Caspase inhibitor
Q-VD-OPH is a selective, brain and cell permeable, highly potent and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-3 ( IC50=25nm), caspase-1 (IC50=50nM), caspase-8 (IC50=100nM) and caspase-9 (IC50=430nM).- Baosen Jia, .et al. , Nature, 2026, Apr;652(8112):1362-1374 PMID: 42020739
- Andrew Kent, .et al. , Nat Immunol, 2025, Jan;26(1):53-67 PMID: 39747433
- Anna L Koessinger, .et al. , Cell Death Differ, 2022, Apr 26 PMID: 35473984
- Florian J Bock, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2021, Nov 12;12(1):6572 PMID: 34772930
- Davide Pradella, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2021, 12: 4872 PMID: 34381052
- Haschka MD, .et al. , Cell Death Differ, 2020, Feb 3 PMID: 32015503
-
Caspase-1 inhibitor
Z-YVAD-FMK is a potent cell-permeable and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-1.- Binjie Yan, .et al. , Cell Death Discov, 2023, 9: 456 PMID: 38097554
- Yuping Fan, .et al. , Sci Transl Med, 2021, Jul 28;13(604):eabb1069 PMID: 34321317
-
Caspase activator
PAC-1 is an activator of procaspase-3 induces apoptosis in cancer cells with EC50 of 2.08 μM.- Hirosumi Tamura, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2018, Aug; 40(2): 635-646 PMID: 29917168
-
Caspase-3 inhibitor
Z-DQMD-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits the activity of Caspase-3.- Jason Segura, .et al. , PLoS One, 2023, Feb 13;18(2):e0281087 PMID: 36780482
-
caspase 8 inhibitor
Z-IETD-FMK is a specific inhibitor of caspase 8.- Jason Segura, .et al. , PLoS One, 2023, Feb 13;18(2):e0281087 PMID: 36780482
- Liqun Zhao, .et al. , Apoptosis, 2021, Apr 27 PMID: 33905036
-
Caspase-9 Inhibitor
Z-LEHD-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits caspase-9 and related caspase activity.- Jason Segura, .et al. , PLoS One, 2023, Feb 13;18(2):e0281087 PMID: 36780482
- Wenquan Liang, .et al. , Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 38267 PMID: 27905569
-
Caspase-3 Inhibitor
Z-DEVD-FMK is a specific, irreversible Caspase-3 inhibitor.- Megumi Andoh, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2025, Jan 22;16(1):918 PMID: 39843445
- Geoffrey Canet, .et al. , Res Sq, 2024, May 14:rs.3.rs-4384494 PMID: 38798432
- Roi Ankawa, .et al. , Dev Cell, 2021, Jul 12;56(13):1900-1916 PMID: 34197726
- Yosefzon Y, .et al. , Mol Cell, 2018, May 17;70(4):573-587.e4 PMID: 29775577
- Akashi E, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2017, Jul;38(1):506-514 PMID: 28586026
- Wenquan Liang, .et al. , Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 38267 PMID: 27905569
-
Pan Caspase Inhibitor
Z-VAD-FMK is a cell-permeable, irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor. Inhibits caspase processing and apoptosis induction in tumor cells in vitro (IC50 = 0.0015 - 5.8 mM). Active in vivo.- Perla Nafeh, .et al. , BMC Complement Med Ther, 2025, Aug 13;25(1):304 PMID: 40804627
- Cheng Chen, .et al. , Neurochem Res, 2025, Mar 18;50(2):122 PMID: 40100474
- Lara Ebbert, .et al. , Antioxidants (Basel), 2024, Jul; 13(7): 864 PMID: 39061932
- Rushikesh Deshpande, .et al. , Int J Mol Sci, 2024, Jan 18;25(2):1157 PMID: 38256231
- Sarah Metcalfe, .et al. , J Leukoc Biol, 2023, Jul 27;qiad089 PMID: 37497744
- Kazutoshi Toriyama, .et al. , Oncol Lett, 2023, Nov 10;27(1):12 PMID: 38028184
- Bopei Cui, .et al. , Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2023, Sep 25;8(1):366 PMID: 37743418
- Akira Endo, .et al. , Dev Cell, 2023, Oct 9;58(19):1819-1829 PMID: 37716356
- Rui Zhou, .et al. , Nagoya J Med Sci, 2023, Aug;85(3):579-591 PMID: 37829490
- Chantal-Kristin Wenzel, .et al. , Toxicol In Vitro, 2023, Sep;91:105625 PMID: 37268255
- Joshua H Choe, .et al. , Cancer Discov, 2023, May 4;13(5):1250-1273 PMID: 37067901
- Yu-Chih Hsu, .et al. , Int J Med Sci, 2023, 20(4): 444-454 PMID: 37057216
- Debin Qi, .et al. , Cell Cycle, 2023, Apr;22(7):818-828 PMID: 36482709
- Ming-Chun Hung, .et al. , Cell Biosci, 2022, 12: 122 PMID: 35918763
- Kaori Kanemaru, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2022, May 9;13(1):2347 PMID: 35534464
- Chie Ishikawa, .et al. , Invest New Drugs, 2022, Aug;40(4):718-727 PMID: 35477814
- Aida Falgas, .et al. , Biomed Pharmacother, 2022, Jun;150:112940 PMID: 35421785
- Sumire Suzuki, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2022, Feb;47(2):40 PMID: 34958115
- Lina Y Abou Zeid, .et al. , Cell Stress Chaperones, 2022, Jan;27(1):11-25 PMID: 34719748
- Simon Boudreault, .et al. , Viruses, 2022, Dec 3;14(12):2710 PMID: 36560714
- Kosar Jabbari, .et al. , Cancers (Basel), 2021, Sep 8;13(18):4521 PMID: 34572749
- Xiaoyue Deng, .et al. , Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2021, May 3;62(6):1 PMID: 33938913
- Liqun Zhao, .et al. , Apoptosis, 2021, Apr 27 PMID: 33905036
- Sofia Giacosa, .et al. , Cancers (Basel), 2021, Feb 2;13(3):576 PMID: 33540838
- Hideyuki Kinoshita, .et al. , Anticancer Res, 2021, Dec;41(12):6013-6021 PMID: 34848455
- Hannes Schmid, .et al. , Haematologica, 2021, Jan 14 PMID: 33440919
- Hideyuki Kinoshita, .et al. , Anticancer Res, 2021, Oct;41(10):4947-4955 PMID: 34593442
- Hua Xu, .et al. , Cancers (Basel), 2020, Apr; 12(4): 831 PMID: 32235588
- El-Ashmawy NE, .et al. , Pathol Oncol Res, 2020, Jan 4 PMID: 31902118
- Schneider D, .et al. , Clin Epigenetics, 2019, Jul 2;11(1):98 PMID: 31266541
- Fujiki K, .et al. , Cell Death Differ, 2019, Feb 25 PMID: 30804470
- T Yamamoto, .et al. , Cell Microbiol, 2019, 2019 PMID: 30702185
- Maeda N, .et al. , J Biol Chem, 2019, Nov 13. pii: jbc.RA119.010379 PMID: 31723031
- Miyazawa S, .et al. , Breast Cancer, 2019, Oct 17 PMID: 31625014
- Yeh HT, .et al. , Eur J Pharmacol, 2019, Sep 10;863:172658 PMID: 31518562
- D. Bosc, .et al. , Sci Rep, 2018, 8: 11653 PMID: 30076329
- Tsukamoto H, .et al. , J Biol Chem, 2018, Jun 29;293(26):10186-10201 PMID: 29760187
- Hiroshi Kuribayashi, .et al. , Cell Death Dis, 2018, Sep; 9(9): 891 PMID: 30166529
- Matsuo J, .et al. , Can J Microbiol, 2018, Oct 18:1-9 PMID: 30336068
- Orly Ravid, .et al. , Front Cell Neurosci, 2018, 12: 359 PMID: 30459557
- Im E, .et al. , Life Sci, 2018, Sep 15;209:259-266 PMID: 30107166
- Szalai P, .et al. , Cell Calcium, 2018, Dec;76:48-61 PMID: 30261424
- Im E, .et al. , Life Sci, 2018, Jan 1;192:286-292 PMID: 29128513
- Iriyama N, .et al. , Leuk Lymphoma, 2018, Jun;59(6):1439-1450 PMID: 28918692
- Birte Plitzko, .et al. , J Biol Chem, 2017, Dec 22; 292(51): 21102-21116 PMID: 29074620
- Akashi E, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2017, Jul;38(1):506-514 PMID: 28586026
-
Caspase inhibitor
Nivocasan is a novel caspase-inhibitor has demonstrated hepatoprotective activity in fibrosis/apoptosis animal models.- Sohya Fujimoto, .et al. , Cells, 2025, Mar 27;14(7):498 PMID: 40214452
-
Caspase-1/4 inhibitor
VX-765 is a novel Caspase-1 inhibitor,which is an enzyme that controls the generation of two cytokines, IL-1b and IL-18.- Xianyu Piao, .et al. , Cell Death Differ, 2026, Apr;33(4):717-731 PMID: 41125794
- Takemasa Takii, .et al. , mSphere, 2025, 10:e00110-25 PMID: 40387341
- Joseph Flores, .et al. , Cell Death Dis, 2022, Oct 11;13(10):864 PMID: 36220815
- Arjun Thapa, .et al. , Leukemia, 2021, 23 February PMID: 33623143
- Prenitha Mercy Ignatius Arokia Doss, .et al. , Cell Rep, 2021, Mar 9;34(10):108833 PMID: 33691111
- Joseph Flores, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2020, Sep 11;11(1):4571 PMID: 32917871
- Joseph Flores, .et al. , Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 3916 PMID: 30254377
- Mohamed F. Ali, .et al. , Front Immunol, 2017, 8: 1504 PMID: 29170665
- García-Fernández A, .et al. , J Control Release, 2017, Feb 28;248:60-70 PMID: 28069553
- Jiujiu Yu, .et al. , Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2014, 111(43): 15514-15519 PMID: 25313054
-
Apoptosis inducer
LY573636 is a potent anti-tumor agent, which causes growth arrest and apoptosis of a variety of human solid tumors in vitro and in vivo. LY573636-induced apoptosis occurs by a mitochondrial-targeted mechanism.- Yingzheng Xu, .et al. , JCI Insight, 2024, Jun 13:e174746 PMID: 38869957
- Ting TC, .et al. , Cell Rep, 2019, Nov 5;29(6):1499-1510.e6 PMID: 31693891
- Ting Han, .et al. , Science, 2017, Apr 28;356(6336). pii: eaal3755 PMID: 28302793
-
Caspase-3 inhibitor
Ivachtin is a potent, cell-permeable, reversible, non-competitive inhibitor of Caspase-3 (IC50 = 23 nM).- Yosefzon Y, .et al. , Mol Cell, 2018, May 17;70(4):573-587.e4 PMID: 29775577
-
Caspase-6 inhibitor
Z-VEID-FMK is the specific recognition sequence for caspase-6/Mch2. Z-VEID-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits activity of VEID-dependent caspases (e.g., caspase-6). The inhibitor is designed as a methyl ester to facilitate cell permeability. -
Caspase-2 inhibitor
Z-VDVAD-FMK is a cell-permeable, irreversible inhibitor of caspase-2. Caspase inhibitors play an important role in investigating biological processes. - Trifloxystrobin (CGA 279202) is a fungicide, with EC50s of 23.0 μg/L and 1.7 μg/L for Daphnia magna neonate and embryos, respectively, after treatment for 48 h.
-
Apoptosis Activator
Apoptosis Activator 2 strongly induces caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation which leads to the destruction of cells (Apaf-1 dependent) with IC50 of ~4 μM, inactive to HMEC, PREC, or MCF-10A cells -
Caspase/apoptosis activator
Ubiquitin Isopeptidase Inhibitor I, G5 (NSC 144303) is an apoptosome-independent caspase and apoptosis activator with IC50 values of 1.76 and 1.6 μM in E1A and E1A/C9DN cells, respectively. - 25-hydroxy Cholesterol is a side-chain substituted oxysterol derived from dietary cholesterol that inhibits the cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) to suppress endogenous cholesterol synthesis in various cell types
-
osteoblast differentiation inducer
Asperosaponin VI, A saponin component from Dipsacus asper wall, induces osteoblast differentiation through BMP?\2/p38 and ERK1/2 pathway. Asperosaponin ?? inhibits apoptosis in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte by increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and decreasing active caspase-3 expression, as well as enhancing of p-Akt and p-CREB. - Thevetiaflavone could upregulate the expression of Bcl?2 and downregulate that of Bax and caspase?3.
-
insecticidal and anticancer
Destruxin B, isolated from entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, is one of the cyclodepsipeptides with insecticidal and anticancer activities. Destruxin B induces apoptosis via a Bcl-2 Family-dependent mitochondrial pathway in human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-DEVD-CHO is an aldehyde peptide and a CPP32/Apopain Inhibitor. -
Caspase inhibitor
Z-VAD(OH)-FMK is an irreversible tripeptide inhibitor of all caspases. -
Cysteine protease inhibitor
(S,S)-Z-FA-FMK is an irreversible inhibitor of cysteine protease
-
anticancer agent
5,7,4'-Trimethoxyflavone is isolated from Kaempferia parviflora (KP) that is a famous medicinal plant from Thailand. 5,7,4'-Trimethoxyflavone induces apoptosis, as evidenced by increments of sub-G1 phase, DNA fragmentation, annexin-V/PI staining, the Bax/Bcl-xL ratio, proteolytic activation of caspase-3, and degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein.5,7,4'-Trimethoxyflavone is significantly effective at inhibiting proliferation of SNU-16 human gastric cancer cells in a concentration dependent manner. - Phenoxodiol, a synthetic analog of Genestein, activates the mitochondrial caspase system, inhibits XIAP (an apoptosis inhibitor), and sensitizes the cancer cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis.
- Guggulsterone is a plant sterol derived from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora wightii. Guggulsterone inhibits the growth of a wide variety of tumor cells and induces apoptosis through down regulation of antiapoptotic gene products (IAP1, xIAP, Bfl-1/A1, Bcl-2, cFLIP and survivin), modulation of cell cycle proteins (cyclin D1 and c-Myc), activation of caspases and JNK, inhibition of Akt.
-
caspase inhibitor
Biotin-VAD-FMK is a cell permeable, irreversible biotin-labeled caspase inhibitor, used to identify active caspases in cell lysates. - Lycopodine, a pharmacologically important bioactive component derived from Lycopodium clavatumspores, triggers apoptosis by modulating 5-lipoxygenase, and depolarizing mitochondrial membrane potential in refractory prostate cancer cells without modulating p53 activity. Lycopodine inhibits proliferation of HeLa cells through induction of apoptosis via caspase-3 activation.
-
Caspase inhibitor
Z-WEHD-FMK is a synthetic peptide that irreversibly inhibits caspase-5 and related caspase activity. -
Fluorogenic caspase substrate
Ac-LEHD-AFC, fluorogenic caspase substrate. Analog of the caspase-9 substrate, LEHD-AFC. -
Caspase-3 inhibitor
AZ 10417808, selective non-peptide inhibitor of caspase-3 (Ki = 247 nM); displays > 40-fold selectivity over caspases 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8 (Ki > 10 uM). -
Fluorogenic caspase substrate
Ac-LEHD-AFC is a fluorogenic substrate for caspase-4, caspase-5, and caspase-9. -
Caspase-3/Caspase-7 Inhibitor
Ac-ESMD-CHO is an inhibitor of caspase-3 and caspase-7, targeting the proteolytic cleavage of the caspase-3 precursor peptide (CPP32) at the Glu-Ser-Met-Asp (ESMD) site. This compound is crucial for studying apoptosis and cellular signaling mechanisms by selectively modulating caspase activity. Its application extends to research areas involving cell death regulation and disease models where caspase-mediated pathways play a pivotal role. -
Caspase-1 substrate
Ac-YVAD-pNA is a specific Caspase-1 substrate. Ac-YVAD-pNA can be used to detect Caspase-1 activity. Caspase-1 is a key mediator of inflammatory processes. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Z-VA-DL-D-FMK is an irreversible caspase inhibitor that targets and binds to caspases, modulating their activity. This compound enhances the sensitivity of TNF-α, thereby influencing apoptotic pathways. Additionally, Z-VA-DL-D-FMK has been shown to activate HIV replication in infected T cells, such as ACH-2, making it valuable for studies in cell signaling and viral reactivation. -
Caspase-1 Inhibitor
Ac-AAVALLPAVLLALLAP-YVAD-CHO is a cell-permeable inhibitor of caspase-1, a key enzyme involved in inflammatory processes and programmed cell death. This compound demonstrates significant antitumor activity by modulating inflammatory responses and apoptosis. It is suitable for research applications focused on understanding caspase-1's role in cancer biology and related inflammatory diseases. -
Caspase 2 siRNA
Cosdosiran is a chemically modified small interfering RNA (siRNA) that specifically targets and inhibits the expression of caspase 2 protein. This reagent is instrumental in researching nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and various optic neuropathies, including glaucoma, that lead to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Cosdosiran facilitates the exploration of pathways involved in retinal cell survival and offers insights into potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative eye diseases. -
Caspase Inhibitor
Ac-VEID-CHO is a potent peptide-derived caspase inhibitor that targets Caspase-3, Caspase-6, and Caspase-7, displaying IC50 values of 13.6 nM, 16.2 nM, and 162.1 nM, respectively. Additionally, it inhibits VEIDase activity with an IC50 of 0.49 µM. This compound is valuable for research into neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease, facilitating the study of apoptotic pathways and potential therapeutic interventions. -
Caspase-1 Inhibitor
Ac-Trp-Glu-His-Asp-Aldehyde is a selective inhibitor of caspase-1, demonstrating a remarkable Ki value of 56 pM. This compound plays a crucial role in the modulation of inflammatory processes by inhibiting the activation of caspase-1, an essential enzyme in the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is widely utilized in research focused on innate immunity, inflammation, and therapeutic approaches for diseases driven by caspase-1 activity.

