- Cyclosporin C is a highly lipophilic cyclic peptide natural product, a member of the cyclosporin series of antifungal and immunosuppresive compounds - Cyclosporin A and B. The cyclosporins bind the cyclophilin intracellular proteins, highly conserved proteins involved in cis-trans isomerization of peptidyl-prolyl bonds and protein folding.
- 21-Deacetoxy Deflazacort is an intermediate of Deflazacort, a systematic corticosteroid.
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NOS cofactor
Biopterin is the oxidized form of tetrahydro-L-biopterin (BH4), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cofactor. L-Biopterin can be reduced to BH4 via thioredoxin reductase followed by dihydropteridine reductase or reduced glutathione. It is extremely toxic to human melanocytes in culture (IC50 = 0.2 uM after 48 hrs). -
Integrin agonist
Leukadherin 1 is an allosteric activator of CD11b/CD18. Increases CD11b/CD18-dependent cell adhesion to fibrinogen (EC50 = 4 μM). - Ecabet sodium is a widely employed mucoprotective agent for the treatment of gastric ulcers.
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DPP-IV inhibitor
Talabostat (Val-boroPro; PT100) is an orally active and nonselective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor (IC50 < 4 nM; Ki = 0.18 nM) and the first clinical inhibitor of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) (IC50 = 560 nM). -
Thrombopoietin(TPO) receptor agonist
Avatrombopag is a novel orally-active thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist. -
CXCR2 antagonist
SB 265610 is a nonpeptide, allosteric, inverse agonist of CXCR2 (Kd = 2.51 nM) that prevents receptor activation by binding to a region distinct from the agonist binding site. It does not bind to the related CXCR1 receptor.1 It has been shown to prevent neutrophil chemotaxis both in vitro and in a rat model of hyperoxia-induced lung injury. - Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate is an antimalarial agent used for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune, inflammatory and dermatologic conditions. Also acts as an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9.
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TLR7 agonist
Isatoribine is a novel guanosine analogue showing immunostimulatory activity both in vivo and in vitro. -
Nrf2 inhibitor
RTA-408 is a synthetic triterpenoid that potently activates the antioxidative transcription factor Nrf2 and inhibits the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-kB. -
hPGDS inhibitor
SAR191801 is a hPGDS inhibitor ,with IC50 of 12 nM in the Fluorescence Polarization Assay or the EIA assay. -
TLR7 agonist
TLR7-agonist-2 is a potent and selective Toll-like Receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist with a LEC of 0.4 μM.
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CCR2/5 receptors inhibitor
Cenicriviroc, also known as TAK-652 and TBR-652, is an inhibitor of CCR2 and CCR5 receptors, allowing it to function as an entry inhibitor which prevents the virus from entering into a human cell. CAS: 199673-74-0(LY 334370 hydrochloride); 182563-08-2 (LY 334370 Free Base) -
CCR2/CCR5 antagonist
BMS-813160 is a potent and selective CCR2/CCR5 antagonist with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. -
TLR7 agonist
Gardiquimod is a chemical compound which acts selectively at both mouse and human forms of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7). It functions as an immune response modifier. CAS: 1159840-61-5 (TFA) 1020412-43-4 (free base) -
glucocorticoid receptor agonist
Dexamethasone Phosphate disodium is a is a water-soluble form of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. - Mitoquinone is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant designed to accumulate within mitochondria in vivo in order to protect against oxidative damage.
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COX and lipo-oxygenase inhibitor
Timegadine, a new antiinflammatory agent, is found to be a potent, competitive inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) and lipo-oxygenase, with IC50s ranging from 5 nM (washed rabbit platelets) to 20 μM (rat brain) for COX and 100 μM for lipo-oxygenase both in the cytosol fraction of horse platelet homogenates, and in washed rabbit platelets. -
TLR/SCD inhibitor
E6446 dihydrochloride is a robust antagonist for TLR7 and TLR9, with potential applications in studying harmful inflammatory responses. Additionally, it acts as a significant inhibitor of SCD1 with a KD of 4.61 μM. This compound can notably suppress adipogenic differentiation and liver lipogenesis via the SCD1-ATF3 pathway. Studies have indicated that E6446 dihydrochloride can enhance liver pathology in mice on a high-fat diet, making it a potential candidate for researching non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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ITK inhibitor
PF 06465469 is a potent the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Itk (IL-2 inducible T-cell kinase) inhibitor. It also inhibits BTK. - Balsalazide sodium hydrate could suppress colitis-associated carcinogenesis through modulation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway.
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antioxidant
α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells. -
COX-2 inhibitor
Aceclofenac is a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor used to treat osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. -
Acid pump antagonist
Revaprazan hydrochloride is a novel acid pump antagonist (APA). Revaprazan hydrochloride reduces COX-2 expression and has significant anti-inflammatory actions activities in H. pylori infection. -
Nitric oxide donor
Isosorbide dinitrate is an organic nitrate ester and nitric oxide (NO) donor in the same class as nitroglycerin. Isosorbide dinitrate increases oxygenation of tumor tissue in vivo in a mouse xenograft model. It also inhibits platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo at concentrations in the micromolar range. Formulations containing isosorbide dinitrate have been used for the treatment of angina pectoris. -
anti-inflammatory
Amodiaquine hydrochloride is a 4-aminoquinoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties. - Hydrocortisone Acetate is the synthetic acetate salt form of hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties
- Tiaprofenic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the arylpropionic acid (profen) class, used to treat pain, especially arthritic pain Long-term use of tiaprofenic acid is associated with severe cystitis, roughly 100 times more commonly than other NSAIDs. It is contraindicated in patients with cystitis and urinary tract infections.
- Norgestrel is a synthetic analog of progesterone, a compound commonly found in oral contraceptive pill, and a powerful neuroprotective antioxidant, preventing light-induced ROS in photoreceptor cells, and cell death.
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S1P antagonist
Fingolimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) antagonist with IC50 of 0.033 nM in K562 and NK cells. Fingolimod also is a pak1 activator, a immunosuppressant. -
COX inhibitor
Diclofenac is a potent and nonselective anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 4 nM, 1.3 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2 in CHO cells, and 5.1, 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.

