Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Acetazolamide-d3 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Acetazolamide, targeting carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX with an IC50 of 30 nM. This reagent is utilized in biological research to explore the inhibitory effects of carbonic anhydrase and its implications in diuretic, antihypertensive, and anti-gonococcal therapies. Its stable isotope label allows for precise tracking in metabolic studies and pharmacokinetic analyses.

Zonisamide-d4 is a deuterated derivative of Zonisamide, primarily acting as an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes, specifically targeting human mitochondrial isozyme hCA II and hCA V with inhibition constants of 35.2 nM and 20.6 nM, respectively. This stable isotope is valuable in pharmacokinetic studies and isotopic labeling experiments to enhance the understanding of Zonisamide's pharmacodynamics and therapeutic efficacy. Its applications extend to research on epilepsy, seizure disorders, and Parkinson's disease.

Dorzolamide-d5 (hydrochloride) is a deuterated form of Dorzolamide (hydrochloride), a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II. This compound exhibits exceptional inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.18 nM for red blood cell carbonic anhydrase II and 600 nM for carbonic anhydrase I. Dorzolamide is also recognized for its anti-tumor properties, making it a valuable reagent for research in cancer biology and enzyme inhibition studies.

Brinzolamide-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Brinzolamide, a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II with an IC50 of 3.19 nM. This stable isotope is designed for use in metabolic studies, tracer experiments, and pharmacokinetic evaluations. Brinzolamide-d5 facilitates detailed investigation into drug action and distribution within various biological systems.

Methazolamide-d6 is the deuterated form of Methazolamide, a sulfonamide derivative that functions as a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II, exhibiting a Ki value of 14 nM. This compound is primarily utilized in research focused on ocular conditions, particularly for its ability to lower intraocular pressure in models of glaucoma and other related disorders. Methazolamide-d6 serves as a valuable tool for studying carbonic anhydrase activity and exploring pharmacokinetic properties through stable isotope labeling.

Sulthiame-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of sulthiame, a known carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. This stable isotope is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research involving sulthiame, aiding in the elucidation of its mechanism of action and distribution in biological systems. Its application is particularly relevant in the investigation of epilepsy treatments and drug metabolism pathways.

Diclofenamide-13C6 is a stable isotope-labeled analog of Diclofenamide. As a carbon-13 enriched compound, it serves as a valuable tool for metabolic tracing and the study of drug metabolism in biological systems. This reagent is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and research applications involving non-invasive imaging techniques.

Dorzolamide-d5 is a deuterated form of Dorzolamide, a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II, demonstrating IC50 values of 0.18 nM for red blood cell CA-II and 600 nM for CA-I. This stable isotope variant serves as a valuable tool for tracing and analyzing metabolic pathways involving carbonic anhydrases. Additionally, Dorzolamide's anti-tumor activity makes it relevant for cancer research applications, providing insights into its molecular mechanisms.

Ethoxzolamide-d5 is a deuterium-labeled analogue of Ethoxzolamide, a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase with a Ki of 1 nM. This stable isotope-labeled compound is essential for metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies, allowing for accurate tracking of drug metabolism and distribution in biological systems. Its application extends to various research fields, including enzymology and drug development, facilitating detailed analysis of carbonic anhydrase activity and its physiological implications.

Deruxtecan-d2 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Deruxtecan, functioning as a stable isotope for research applications. This compound serves as an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) drug-linker, consisting of the DX-8951 derivative (DXd) and a maleimide-GGFG peptide linker, facilitating the synthesis of DS-8201 and U3-1402. It is valuable in studying the pharmacokinetics and metabolic pathways of ADC therapies in various cancer research contexts.

D-Arabinose-13C-3 is a stable isotope-labeled form of D-Arabinose, an aldopentose sugar. It acts as a selective metabolic inhibitor, showing antidepressant properties and growth inhibition in C. elegans with an IC50 of 7.5 mM. D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, influencing the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and exhibits antibacterial effects by inhibiting cell biofilm synthesis. Its mechanism involves activation of the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, which induces CRTC1 transcription and contributes to its antidepressant-like effects. This reagent is valuable for studying metabolic pathways and neuronal function in various research applications.

Daidzein-3',5',8-d3 is a deuterium-labeled form of Daidzein, primarily functioning as a stable isotope. Daidzein, a soy isoflavone, exhibits activity as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activator. This compound is widely used in research applications focused on metabolic regulation, hormonal activity, and the beneficial effects of isoflavones in various biological contexts.

5-Aminosalicylic Acid-d3 hydrochloride is a deuterium-labeled derivative of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (Mesalamine), functioning as a stable isotope. It acts as a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist and also demonstrates inhibitory effects on p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). This compound is primarily utilized in research applications related to inflammation, colitis, and other gastrointestinal disorders.

Fmoc-Ala-OH-13C3 is a stable isotope-labeled alanine derivative featuring three carbon-13 isotopes. This reagent is primarily utilized in peptide synthesis and is essential for applications requiring isotopic labeling in research, including mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Its use facilitates the tracking of molecular interactions in various biological systems, enhancing the understanding of metabolic pathways and protein dynamics.

Dabrafenib-d9 is a deuterium-labeled analog of the selective ATP-competitive inhibitor Dabrafenib, which targets Raf kinases. This reagent exhibits potent inhibition, with IC50 values of 5 nM for C-Raf and 0.6 nM for B-RafV600E. Dabrafenib-d9 is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research, enhancing the understanding of Dabrafenib's dynamics and behavior in biological systems.

PLX-4720-d7 is a deuterated form of PLX-4720, a potent and selective inhibitor of B-RafV600E, exhibiting an IC50 of 13 nM in cell-free assays. This compound shows comparable potency against c-Raf-1 mutations (Y340D and Y341D) and demonstrates a tenfold selectivity for B-RafV600E over wild-type B-Raf. Its stable isotope labeling makes it suitable for advanced metabolic studies and pharmacokinetic research applications.

Fluocinolone acetonide-13C3 is a stable isotope-labeled form of Fluocinolone, a potent glucocorticoid receptor agonist. It exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and effectively inhibits lipid accumulation, making it valuable for investigating its effects on various biological processes. Fluocinolone acetonide-13C3 can be utilized in research involving the proliferation of dental pulp cells and the potential repair of injured pulp tissues, as well as in studies focused on mitigating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, particularly in relation to drugs like Paclitaxel.

Ornidazole-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Ornidazole, a nitroimidazole compound. This reagent exhibits anti-trichomonad properties and demonstrates in vitro activity against various anaerobic bacteria. Additionally, Ornidazole inhibits the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway and displays antitumor effects, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology and conditions such as Crohn's disease.

Succinic anhydride-13C2 is a stable isotope-labeled form of succinic anhydride. This cyclic anhydride serves as a versatile linker for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), facilitating the attachment of proagents to amine or hydroxy groups on targeting polypeptides. Its application in labeling and tracing metabolic pathways makes it suitable for biochemical research, particularly in studying drug delivery systems and protein interactions.

Succinic anhydride-d4 is a deuterium-labeled variant of succinic anhydride, a cyclic anhydride frequently utilized in chemical synthesis. This stable isotope serves as a valuable tool in the development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), as it facilitates the conjugation of proagents to amine or hydroxy groups within targeting polypeptides. Its unique isotopic properties allow for enhanced tracking and characterization in various biological studies and applications.

N-butyryl-L-Homoserine lactone-d5 is a deuterium-labeled version of N-butyrate-L-homoserine lactone, serving as a stable isotope for research applications. This compound is a cleavable linker utilized in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone exhibits antibacterial properties and interferes with quorum sensing, thereby inhibiting biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Its ability to block bacterial communication makes it a valuable tool in studies focusing on bacterial pathogenesis and biofilm-related infections.

Nateglinide-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Nateglinide, an insulinotropic agent that functions as a DPP IV inhibitor. This compound enhances insulin secretion by inhibiting ATP-sensitive K+ channels in pancreatic β-cells, making it an important tool for studying type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nateglinide-d5 is valuable in metabolic research and can aid in pharmacokinetic studies involving deuterated compounds.

Trelagliptin-13C,d3 is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of Trelagliptin, a highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 4 nM. This compound is utilized in research applications aimed at understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Its deuterated form allows for precise tracking in metabolic studies, facilitating deeper insights into the therapeutic effects of DPP-4 inhibition.

5-Hydroxy saxagliptin-13C,d2-2 hydrochloride is a stable isotope-labeled form of 5-Hydroxy saxagliptin hydrochloride, a potent and selective DPP-4 inhibitor. This active metabolite of Saxagliptin demonstrates Ki values of 2.6 nM in human enzymes and 2.9 nM in cynomolgus monkeys, highlighting its efficacy in inhibiting DPP-4 activity. It is valuable for research applications focusing on type 2 diabetes mellitus, enabling detailed metabolic studies and pharmacokinetic assessments.

(rel)-Saxagliptin-13C,d2 TFA is a stable isotope-labeled analogue of Saxagliptin, designed for use in metabolic studies and pharmacokinetic research. This compound serves as a valuable tool for tracing metabolic pathways and understanding the pharmacological behavior of Saxagliptin in biological systems. It facilitates the investigation of its biological effects and interactions, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of diabetes treatment efficacy.

Vardenafil-d4 is a deuterium-labeled variant of Vardenafil, designed for metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies. This stable isotope can be utilized as an internal standard in mass spectrometry analysis, providing accuracy in quantifying Vardenafil and its metabolites in biological samples. Its application supports research in cardiovascular pharmacology, specifically in the assessment of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.

Cis-Tadalafil-d3 is a stable isotope-labeled form of cis-Tadalafil, designed for enhanced analytical applications. This compound retains the biological activity of its non-labeled counterpart, facilitating studies related to pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and drug interaction. By utilizing cis-Tadalafil-d3, researchers can achieve improved sensitivity and specificity in mass spectrometry and other analytical techniques.

Doxofylline-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Doxofylline, which functions primarily as an antagonist of the adenosine A1 receptor while also inhibiting phosphodiesterase IV. This reagent is valuable for studying pharmacokinetics and metabolic pathways in research involving adenosine receptor modulation and phosphodiesterase activity. Its stable isotope labeling allows for enhanced detection and quantification in various analytical applications.

Ibudilast-d3 is a deuterated form of Ibudilast, a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. This stable isotope contributes to research on asthma by inhibiting tracheal smooth muscle contractility and exhibiting platelet anti-aggregatory effects. Additionally, Ibudilast-d3 shows potential as a neuroprotective agent, with applications in studies related to neurotoxicity in activated microglia and anti-dementia research.

Propentofylline-d6 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Propentofylline, which primarily acts as an adenosine uptake inhibitor and a phosphodiesterase activity blocker. This compound exhibits neuroprotective, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it valuable in research related to cognitive enhancement and the treatment of dementia, including Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. Propentofylline-d6 is a stable isotope that facilitates in vivo studies and tracer applications in metabolic and pharmacokinetic research.

Homo Sildenafil-d5 is a deuterium-labeled analog of Homo Sildenafil, targeting phosphodiesterase enzymes. This stable isotope variant retains the biochemical properties of its parent compound, making it useful in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research. Its application extends to elucidating the pharmacodynamics of phosphodiesterase inhibitors and tracking drug metabolism in vivo.

Avanafil-d4 is a deuterium-labeled analog of Avanafil, serving as a stable isotope for biomedical research. This compound can be utilized in pharmacokinetic studies, enabling precise tracking and quantification in various biological systems. Its isotopic labeling enhances the accuracy of mass spectrometry analyses and facilitates investigations into the pharmacodynamics of Avanafil and its metabolites.

Lisinopril-d5 is the deuterated form of Lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. This stable isotope is utilized primarily in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research to track drug metabolism and interactions in various biological systems. Lisinopril is clinically used to manage hypertension, congestive heart failure, and to prevent further heart attack complications.

Ramiprilat-d5 is a deuterium-labeled form of Ramiprilat, the active metabolite of Ramipril, which functions as a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, exhibiting a Ki value of 7 pM. This stable isotope is useful for pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies of Ramiprilat and its mechanisms of action in regulating blood pressure and heart failure. Its unique labeling allows for enhanced tracking and differentiation in complex biological systems, facilitating research in cardiovascular pharmacology.

Benazeprilat-d5 is a deuterated analog of Benazeprilat, serving as a stable isotope for various biochemical studies. This compound is primarily used in pharmacokinetic and metabolic research, allowing for precise tracking of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in biological systems. It facilitates the assessment of pharmacological interactions and the evaluation of therapeutic effects in associated studies.

Ramiprilat-d3 (Mixture of Diastereomers) is a deuterium-labeled form of Ramiprilat, designed as a stable isotope. It functions primarily to trace metabolic pathways and pharmacokinetics in biological systems. This reagent is particularly useful in the study of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and its implications in cardiovascular research.

Quinapril-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Quinapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. This stable isotope is utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling to trace drug metabolism and dynamics in biological systems. Its incorporation into research facilitates accurate quantification and analysis of Quinapril's pharmacological effects and distribution in vivo.

Perindoprilat-d4 is a deuterium-labeled form of Perindoprilat, a potent inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). This stable isotope enables precise pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling of Perindoprilat and its derivatives. Perindoprilat-d4 is utilized in research involving cardiovascular pharmacology, hypertension, and drug metabolism to enhance analytical accuracy in tracer studies.

Delapril-d3 hydrochloride is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Delapril hydrochloride, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. This stable isotope is used in metabolic studies and pharmacokinetic research to trace drug distribution and metabolism within biological systems. Its application facilitates a deeper understanding of ACE inhibition and its effects on cardiovascular health.

Captopril-d3 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Captopril, a well-characterized competitive angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.025 μM. This stable isotope is utilized in the study of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Additionally, Captopril has been identified as an inhibitor of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1), exhibiting an IC50 of 7.9 μM, making it valuable in antibiotic resistance research.

Epalrestat-d5 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Epalrestat, which functions as an orally active aldose reductase inhibitor. This compound primarily targets the aldose reductase enzyme involved in the glucose metabolism pathway, making it relevant in the study of diabetic neuropathy. Epalrestat-d5 is useful in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research that require stable isotope labeling for precise analysis.

Haloxyfop-d4 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Haloxyfop, an aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicide. Its primary mechanism involves the inhibition of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2), demonstrating an IC50 of 0.5 μM in corn seedling chloroplasts. This compound is utilized in chemical research to investigate herbicide action and metabolic pathways, particularly in studies focusing on weed control in broad-leaf crops.

Cromolyn-d5, a deuterium-labeled derivative of Cromolyn, serves as a stable isotope for research applications. As an orally active inhibitor of GSK-3β with an IC50 of 2.0 μM, Cromolyn exhibits significant biological activity as a mast cell stabilizer, effectively inhibiting the release of mediators and regulating bronchial hyperreactivity. Its utility extends to bronchial asthma research, alongside additional effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-histamine, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective properties.

AR-A014418-d3 is a deuterium-labeled analogue of the selective GSK3β inhibitor AR-A014418. It exhibits potent ATP-competitive inhibition with an IC50 of 104 nM and a Ki of 38 nM. This stable isotope form is useful for tracking and quantifying GSK3β activity in biological systems, and it serves as a valuable tool in research focused on cellular signaling, metabolism, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Methotrexate metabolite-d3 is a deuterium-labeled form of the active Methotrexate metabolite known as DAMPA. This compound serves as a folic acid antagonist, playing a crucial role in inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase, which is critical for nucleotide synthesis. Methotrexate metabolite-d3 is utilized in various research applications, including pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling, to better understand the dynamics of Methotrexate metabolism and its therapeutic effects.

Gartisertib-d8 is a deuterated analog of Gartisertib, serving as a stable isotope labeled compound. As an ATP-competitive and selective inhibitor of ATR, Gartisertib exhibits a high binding affinity with a Ki of less than 150 pM. It effectively inhibits ATR-mediated phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) with an IC50 of 8 nM, demonstrating significant antitumor activity. This reagent is suitable for research applications in cancer biology, particularly in studies focusing on DNA damage response and checkpoint regulation.

Abemaciclib-d8 is a deuterium-labeled version of Abemaciclib, a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). It exhibits potent inhibition with IC50 values of 2 nM for CDK4 and 10 nM for CDK6. This stable isotope is useful in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research, allowing for detailed analysis of drug behavior in biological systems.

Palbociclib-d8 is a deuterated form of Palbociclib, a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4 and CDK6), showing IC50 values of 11 nM and 16 nM, respectively. This isotopically labeled compound allows for detailed pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling. Palbociclib-d8 is particularly relevant in research on ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer, facilitating investigations into its mechanisms of action and therapeutic efficacy.

Ribociclib-d8 is a deuterated form of Ribociclib, a selective inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6. It demonstrates potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 10 nM for CDK4 and 39 nM for CDK6, while exhibiting over a 1,000-fold reduced potency against the cyclin B/CDK1 complex. This stable isotope-labeled compound is ideal for applications in pharmacokinetic studies, drug metabolism research, and metabolic profiling.

Ribociclib-d6 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Ribociclib, a highly selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). It exhibits potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 10 nM and 39 nM for CDK4 and CDK6, respectively, while demonstrating over 1,000-fold reduced potency against the cyclin B/CDK1 complex. Ribociclib-d6 serves as a valuable tool for studying CDK4/6 dynamics and evaluating the pharmacokinetics of Ribociclib in chemical biology research and therapeutic applications in cancer treatment.