Neuronal Signaling

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  1. AChE Inhibitor

    Buntanetap L-Tartrate is a selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 22.2 nM. This compound functions as a neurotoxic protein translation inhibitor, targeting proteins such as amyloid precursor protein (APP), α-synuclein (αSYN), and huntingtin protein (HTT). By obstructing the mRNA translation of β-amyloid precursor protein, Buntanetap reduces its production and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Its applications include research related to Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
  2. β-amyloid Aggregation Inhibitor

    Methyl tridecanoate is a β-amyloid aggregation inhibitor that demonstrates a moderate capacity to impede the formation of β-amyloid fibrils, which are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Additionally, this compound displays weak inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme involved in cholinergic neurotransmission. Its dual activity suggests potential applications in research focused on Alzheimer's pathology and related cognitive disorders.
  3. Stable Isotope

    Protriptyline-d3 is a deuterated analog of the tricyclic antidepressant Protriptyline, serving as a stable isotope for research applications. It exerts potent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC50 value of 0.06 mM and effectively inhibits amyloid beta (Aβ) self-assembly. This compound is valuable for studying the mechanisms underlying depression and Alzheimer's disease.
  4. Prolyl Endopeptidase (PREP) Inhibitor

    ONO 1603 is a selective inhibitor of prolyl endopeptidase (PREP), investigated for its potential in antidementia therapy. This compound has demonstrated neuroprotective properties and neurotrophic effects in cerebellar granule cells, enhancing neuronal survival and promoting neurite outgrowth at a concentration of 0.03 µM. Additionally, ONO 1603 increases m3-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) mRNA levels and stimulates mAChR-mediated signaling pathways. These pharmacological properties suggest that ONO 1603 could be a promising therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease by enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission and supporting neuronal function.
  5. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    Acetylthiocholine iodide serves as a substrate for enzymes such as cholinesterase, enabling the quantification of enzyme activity levels. This compound is utilized in various biochemical assays and has applications in medical research, particularly in neuroscience and organ physiology studies. Its role in enzyme activity determination makes it a valuable reagent for investigating cholinergic signaling pathways.
  6. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    S-n-Butyrylthiocholine iodide functions as a substrate for butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). This chemical reagent is primarily utilized in biochemical assays to study enzyme activity and kinetics, providing valuable insights into the role of BChE in various physiological processes. Its application is essential for in vitro enzymatic experiments, contributing to the understanding of cholinergic signaling and related biochemical pathways.
  7. Zolpidem Precursor

    Zolpidic acid serves as a crucial precursor in the synthesis of zolpidem, a widely utilized sedative-hypnotic agent. Its primary mechanism involves the modulation of GABA receptors, enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. This compound is essential for research applications focused on developing and studying sleep disorders and related pharmacological interventions.
  8. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    Butyrylcholine chloride is a biochemical assay reagent that serves as a substrate for butyrylcholinesterase. This compound is essential for investigating cholinergic signaling pathways and the enzymatic activity associated with neurotransmitter regulation. It is widely utilized in research applications focusing on neurobiology, pharmacology, and toxicology, facilitating studies on enzyme kinetics and cholinergic receptor interactions.
  9. Intermediate

    2-Chloropyridine-4-boronic acid is a versatile chemical intermediate primarily used in the synthesis of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists. Its boronic acid functionality facilitates cross-coupling reactions, making it valuable in the development of various bioactive compounds. Additionally, this reagent has applications in cancer research, contributing to the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies.
  10. Biochemical Reagent

    4-Amino-2-chloropyrimidine is a pyrimidine derivative that acts as a competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with inhibition constants (Ki) of 0.18 μM and 1.324 μM, respectively. This compound effectively occupies the binding pocket of the 4BDS structure. Additionally, 4-Amino-2-chloropyrimidine demonstrates potent inhibitory activity against glutathione S-transferase (GST) with an IC50 value of 0.037 μM and a Ki of 0.047 μM. Its biochemical activity makes it a valuable reagent for research in enzyme inhibition and neurochemical studies.
  11. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    Butyrylcholine iodide is a biochemical assay reagent that functions as a substrate for cholinesterases, facilitating the study of enzyme activity. Its hydrolysis produces butyric acid and choline, making it valuable for exploring cholinergic signaling pathways and neurochemical research. This compound is widely used in assays to evaluate the effects of inhibitors or activators on cholinesterase activity, contributing to advancements in pharmacology and neurobiology.
  12. Intermediate

    4-Bromo-2-hydroxypyridine serves as an important intermediate in organic synthesis, specifically for the development of positive allosteric modulators of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR). Its biological activity makes it a valuable compound in research related to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and psychiatric conditions like schizophrenia. This reagent is essential for advancing studies aimed at understanding and targeting cholinergic dysfunction in these diseases.
  13. GABA Analogue

    3-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid is a structural analogue of GABA designed to interact with GABA receptors. This compound exhibits inhibitory properties against baclofen-induced gastric acid secretion, making it a valuable tool in gastrointestinal research. Its ability to modulate gastric function supports its use in studies focused on GABAergic signaling and related therapeutic applications.
  14. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    Acetylthiocholine chloride acts as a biochemical assay reagent primarily utilized for the detection of acetylcholinesterase activity. This compound is commonly employed in various research applications, including studies on neurophysiology and the assessment of cholinergic signaling. Its ability to serve as a substrate for enzymatic reactions makes it valuable in the exploration of neurotransmitter dynamics and related pharmacological investigations.
  15. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    1-Hexacosanol is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), primarily targeting this enzyme to modulate neurochemical activity. It exhibits larvicidal effects, demonstrating the ability to inhibit AChE activity in species such as Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Chironomus riparius. This compound is valuable for research applications in neurotoxicology and pest management studies.
  16. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    6-Chloro-3-indoxyl butyrate is a biochemical assay reagent primarily employed for the detection and quantification of butyrylcholinesterase activity. This compound serves as a chromogenic substrate, producing a measurable color change upon hydrolysis, which facilitates the assessment of enzyme kinetics in various biological samples. Its application extends to enzyme activity studies, screening for inhibitors, and research in neurobiology and toxicology.
  17. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    Decamethonium iodide is a neuromuscular blocking agent that targets nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) at the neuromuscular junction. Its primary mechanism involves binding to nAChRs, leading to depolarization block and resulting in skeletal muscle paralysis, making it essential in anesthesia for inducing muscle relaxation during surgical procedures. Additionally, Decamethonium iodide serves as a valuable reference standard in pharmacological studies focused on nAChRs, facilitating research into neuromuscular transmission and receptor function.
  18. Biochemical Assay Reagent

    Benzoylthiocholine iodide is a biochemical assay reagent that serves as a substrate for cholinesterase enzymes. It is predominantly used in enzyme activity assays to study physiological and pathological processes involving cholinergic signaling. The compound's ability to generate measurable products upon enzymatic hydrolysis makes it valuable for probing enzyme kinetics and screening potential enzyme inhibitors in research applications.
  19. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 10 is a chemical impurity associated with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Rivastigmine. This compound is primarily used for quality control and analytical purposes in pharmaceutical research. It is important for assessing the purity of Rivastigmine in formulations and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.
  20. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 16 is a known impurity of the cholinesterase inhibitor Donepezil, primarily targeting acetylcholinesterase. This compound is utilized in research to ensure the quality and consistency of Donepezil formulations. Its analysis is critical for assessing drug safety and efficacy in pharmaceutical development.
  21. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 3 is a known impurity of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Rivastigmine. This compound is utilized in quality control and analytical chemistry to assess the purity of Rivastigmine formulations. Its presence can significantly impact the safety and efficacy profiles of pharmaceutical products, making it relevant for regulatory compliance and drug development studies.
  22. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 6 hydrochloride is a known impurity of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Donepezil hydrochloride. This compound is critical in the analysis of drug purity and assists in the characterization of donepezil formulations during research and development. Its presence is essential for quality control and safety assessments in the pharmaceutical industry.
  23. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 11 is a known impurity of Rivastigmine, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. This compound is of significant interest for quality control and toxicological studies in pharmaceutical research. Its analysis is crucial for ensuring the purity and safety of Rivastigmine formulations, supporting compliance with regulatory standards in drug development.
  24. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 13 is a chemical impurity associated with Donepezil, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. It serves as an important reference standard in analytical chemistry for the assessment of pharmaceutical purity. This compound is utilized in the quality control and stability testing of Donepezil formulations, ensuring compliance with regulatory standards in drug development and manufacturing processes.
  25. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 5 is a designated impurity associated with the cholinesterase inhibitor Rivastigmine. This compound serves as a critical reference standard for quality control and analytical chemistry in pharmaceutical research. Its analysis is essential for ensuring the purity of Rivastigmine formulations, thereby supporting regulatory compliance and safety assessments in drug development.
  26. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 4 is a chemical impurity associated with Rivastigmine, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. This impurity is relevant in the quality control and analytical evaluation of Rivastigmine formulations. Research applications include pharmacokinetic studies and the assessment of drug stability.
  27. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 22 is a known impurity associated with the cholinesterase inhibitor Donepezil. It serves as a valuable reference standard for the analysis and characterization of Donepezil formulations. This reagent is relevant for quality control and method validation in pharmaceutical research, ensuring the integrity and purity of therapeutic compounds.
  28. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 2 is a known impurity associated with Rivastigmine, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. This compound can be utilized for analytical research and quality control studies in the pharmaceutical industry. Its characterization is essential for the assessment of drug purity and stability in formulations containing Rivastigmine.
  29. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 8 is a chemical impurity associated with the cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine. This impurity serves as a reference standard for quality control and analytical applications in pharmaceutical research. It facilitates the identification and quantification of impurities in drug formulations, contributing to the assessment of drug purity and safety in clinical and preclinical studies.
  30. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 21 is a known impurity of the cognitive-enhancing agent Donepezil, which primarily targets acetylcholinesterase to enhance cholinergic neurotransmission. This compound is essential for the analysis of Donepezil formulations, particularly in the context of pharmaceutical quality control and regulatory compliance. Its characterization aids in understanding the stability and purity of Donepezil, supporting ongoing research in neurodegenerative disease therapies.
  31. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 7 is a recognized impurity derived from Rivastigmine, a reversible inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This compound is primarily utilized in pharmaceutical research to study the purity and stability of Rivastigmine formulations. Its presence is critical in ensuring the quality and efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors for therapeutic applications, particularly in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
  32. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 12 is a known impurity of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Donepezil. This compound is utilized primarily in pharmacological research for analytical purposes, such as assessing the quality and purity of Donepezil formulations. Its characterization aids in understanding the stability and safety profiles of Donepezil-based therapies.
  33. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 15 is a chemical impurity associated with Donepezil, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. This impurity can serve as a reference standard in analytical and quality control laboratories for the characterization of Donepezil formulations. Research applications include stability testing, impurity profile assessments, and compliance with regulatory requirements in drug development.
  34. Drug Intermediate

    5,6-Dimethoxyindan-1-one is a versatile drug intermediate employed in the synthesis of diverse active pharmaceutical ingredients. It has applications in the development of antiviral compounds and acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. This reagent serves as a critical building block in medicinal chemistry, facilitating the exploration of new therapeutic agents.
  35. Drug Intermediate

    4-Hydroxy-3,3-dimethylcyclohexanone serves as a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibitors. Its role in the development of hAChE inhibitors makes it significant for research in neuropharmacology and disease models related to cholinergic dysfunction. This compound's unique structural properties facilitate the exploration of therapeutic agents targeting cognitive disorders.
  36. Drug Impurity

    Donepezil impurity 6 is a known impurity associated with the cholinesterase inhibitor Donepezil. Its presence is significant for quality control and regulatory compliance in pharmaceutical formulations. This compound can be utilized in research to study the by-products and degradants of Donepezil, aiding in the development of more refined synthetic pathways and enhancing the understanding of drug stability and efficacy.
  37. Drug Impurity

    Rivastigmine impurity 12 (m-Methoxyacetophenone) is a known impurity associated with Rivastigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This compound serves as a valuable reference material for analytical chemistry applications, particularly in the development and validation of analytical methods for drug quality control. Its characterization contributes to ensuring the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical formulations containing Rivastigmine.
  38. Metabolite

    Pirimicarb-desmethyl is a key metabolite of the carbamate insecticide pirimicarb, functioning primarily through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. This compound offers valuable insights into the metabolic pathways of pirimicarb and can be used to study its environmental persistence and toxicological effects. Its application is important in both agricultural research and the assessment of pesticide safety.
  39. Anti-anxiety Agent

    Triflubazam is an anti-anxiety agent that acts by modulating GABA receptors, leading to enhanced inhibitory neurotransmission. It exhibits significant anxiolytic properties and has potential applications in the study of sleep disorders and anxiety-related conditions. This compound is valuable for research aimed at elucidating the mechanisms underlying anxiety and developing therapeutic interventions.
  40. Midazolam Precursor

    2-Amino-5-chloro-2'-fluorobenzophenone serves as a key precursor in the synthesis of Midazolam, a potent benzodiazepine. This compound is essential for the production of various derivatives used in pharmacological research and clinical applications. Its structure enables the exploration of interactions with GABA receptors, facilitating studies on sedative and anxiolytic effects.
  41. Gabapentinoid Compound

    4-Fluoro phenibut hydrochloride is a Gabapentinoid compound that functions as a GABA analog, structurally resembling established nootropics. This compound has been shown to exhibit anxiolytic and nootropic effects, making it a valuable tool for research into cognitive enhancement and anxiety disorders. Its unique properties make it suitable for studying GABA receptor activity and related neurological pathways.
  42. Methyl 2-naphthoate Derivative

    (-)-Mornaphthoate D is a methyl 2-naphthoate derivative that targets various biological pathways. Isolated from the roots of Morinda officinalis var. officinalis, this compound demonstrates no inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase. Its unique properties make it pertinent for research in non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, contributing to the exploration of potential therapeutic strategies in oncology.
  43. Drug Derivative

    (+)-Mornaphthoate C is a methyl 2-naphthoate derivative primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications. Derived from the roots of Morinda officinalis var. officinalis, this compound has demonstrated negligible activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) at a concentration of 50 μM. Additionally, (+)-Mornaphthoate C exhibits minimal cytotoxicity towards various cancer cell lines, making it a compound of interest in drug development research.
  44. GABA-Nortriptyline

    BL-1021 free base is a conjugate of GABA and Nortriptyline, designed to target GABA receptors. This compound exhibits analgesic properties, making it beneficial in the treatment of pain. Its unique mechanism can support research into pain management and neuropharmacology.
  45. Methyl 2-naphthoate Derivative

    (-)-Mornaphthoate B is a methyl 2-naphthoate derivative isolated from the roots of Morinda officinalis var. officinalis. This compound does not exhibit inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase. (-)-Mornaphthoate B serves as a valuable tool in cancer research, particularly in studies focused on non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, contributing to understanding therapeutic strategies and mechanisms of action in these malignancies.
  46. Drug Derivative

    Oximino oxamyl is a drug derivative known for its inhibitory action on acetylcholinesterase. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, making it useful in pharmacological studies focused on neurodegenerative diseases and pesticide resistance research. Its application extends to evaluating enzyme inhibition mechanisms and developing innovative therapeutic strategies.
  47. Methyl 2-naphthoate Derivative

    (+)-Mornaphthoate B is a methyl 2-naphthoate derivative isolated from the roots of Morinda officinalis var. officinalis. This compound has been shown to lack activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Its unique chemical structure and biological properties make (+)-Mornaphthoate B a potential candidate for research applications focused on non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer.
  48. Drug Derivative

    Qinanone G is a derivative of 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone, derived from the high-quality Chinese agarwood 'Qi-Nan' sourced from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Glig. This compound exhibits no inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or cancer cell lines, making it a unique candidate for further exploration in pharmacological and botanical research applications. Its distinctive profile may contribute to studies focused on the bioactivity of natural products.
  49. Stable Isotope

    Donepezil-d4 is a deuterium-labeled analog of Donepezil, a potent and selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor that exhibits IC50 values of 8.12 nM for bovine AChE and 11.6 nM for human AChE. This stable isotope is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic research to trace the compound's bioavailability and metabolic pathways in biological systems. Donepezil-d4 serves as a valuable tool for elucidating the pharmacological effects of AChE inhibition in various neurological studies.
  50. Isotope-Labeled Compound

    Dibucaine-d9 is a deuterium-labeled derivative of dibucaine, a potent sodium channel inhibitor. It serves as a selective inhibitor of pseudocholinesterase (SChE), making it valuable for studying cholinergic signaling. This isotope-labeled compound is particularly useful in pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic profiling, providing insights into drug metabolism and safety evaluation in chemical research.

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