Endocrinology-Hormones

Small molecules play a pivotal role in Endocrinology Research. These are low molecular weight compounds that have a significant impact on the endocrine system, hormones, and their receptors. Here are some key aspects of how small molecules are involved in this field:

  • Hormone Mimetics and Inhibitors: Small molecules are used to develop synthetic compounds that mimic the actions of hormones or inhibit their effects. For example, drugs like metformin for diabetes management and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for breast cancer treatment are used to either mimic or block hormonal activity.
  • Receptor Modulation: Small molecules can bind to hormone receptors and modulate their activity. This is crucial in developing drugs that target specific hormone receptors, like the use of small molecule agonists and antagonists to regulate thyroid hormone receptors.
  • Metabolism Regulation: Endocrinology research often focuses on metabolism and how hormones like insulin regulate it. Small molecules are employed to understand and develop drugs targeting enzymes involved in metabolism, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists for diabetes treatment.
  • Steroid Hormone Production: Small molecules may be utilized to influence the production of steroid hormones in the adrenal glands or gonads. This is essential for conditions like Cushing's syndrome or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  • Hormone Assays: In laboratory research, small molecules are used as tracers or markers in hormone assays. For instance, small molecule fluorophores can be attached to antibodies to detect hormone levels in blood samples.

Drug Development: Endocrinology research relies on small molecules as potential drug candidates. Researchers design and test small molecules for their effectiveness in modulating hormonal pathways, with the goal of developing new therapies for endocrine disorders.
In summary, small molecules are indispensable tools in Endocrinology Research, enabling scientists to better understand the endocrine system's intricacies and develop novel treatments for a wide range of hormonal disorders and conditions. Their versatility and specificity make them valuable assets in advancing our knowledge of endocrinology and improving patient care.


Endocrinology Disease Products


Endocrinology Research Products

Kisspeptin Receptor

Leptin Receptors

Melanocortin (MC) Receptors

Mineralocorticoid Receptors

Ghrelin Receptors

Natriuretic Peptide Receptors

NPY Receptors

Motilin Receptor

PTH Receptor

Items 451-500 of 1754

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Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
  1. apelin receptor agonist

    MM 07 is a biased apelin receptor agonist, with a KD of 300 nM in CHO-K1 cells and a KD of 172 nM in human heart.
  2. APJ functional antagonist

    ML221 is a potent apelin (APJ) functional antagonist, inhibiting apelin-13-mediated activation of APJ, with IC50s of 0.70 μM in the cAMP assay, and 1.75 μM in the β-arrestin assay, and EC80 of 10 nM in both assays.
  3. mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

    Apararenone (MT-3995) is a novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists under development for the treatment of diabetic nephropathies and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
  4. Angiotensin I is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen.
  5. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is an octapeptide hormone that plays a central role in cardiovascular homeostasis.
  6. Angiotensin III is a hexapeptide formed as a result of a cleavage at the N-terminus of Angiotensin II, a key factor in the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone (RAAS) system by angiotensinases located in red blood cells and the vascular beds of most tissues.
  7. Acetyl Angiotensinogen (1-14),porcine, The protein encoded by the Angiotensinogen gene is known as pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor.
  8. Angiotensin 1/2 (1-5) is a peptide that contains the amino acids 1-5 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II.
  9. Angiotensin 1/2 + A (2 - 8), potent endogenous vasoconstrictor peptide; derivative of angiotensin (Ang) II.
  10. BNP (1-32), human is a brain natriuretic peptide secreted by the human heart in response to cardiac volume or pressure.
  11. Deoxycholic acid, extracted from Pig bile, Suitability:Ethanol,ether,three oxygen methane,acetone,acetic acid,alkali hydroxide and alkali carbonate solution.
  12. Estrogen modulator

    Bazedoxifene is a third generation selective modulator of estrogen receptor.
  13. ERRβ and ERRγ agonist

    DY131(GSK 9089) is a novel selective agonist of ERRα and ERRβ.
  14. GnRH agonist

    Leuprolide acetate is a GnRH analog; leuprolide acetate acts as an agonist at pituitary GnRH receptors.
  15. Androgen receptor modulator

    MK-0773, one of selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), is a 4-aza-steroid that exhibited tissue selectivity in humans (IC50= 6.6 nM).
  16. progesterone receptor agonist

    Nestoron is a 19-norprogesterone derivative and steroidal progestin which is used as a hormonal contraceptive; a high-affinity agonist of the progesterone receptor.
  17. TRβ agonist

    Sobetirome is a thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ)-specific agonist, Sobetirome is designed to bind selectively to TRβ-1 with EC50 of 0.16 μM.
  18. ROR agonist

    SR1078 is an agonist of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (ROR) RORα/γ; increases transcription of RORα target genes; thought to increase p53 stability.
  19. RORα agonist

    SR3335 is a selective RORα synthetic ligand, directly binds to RORα, but not other RORs, and functions as a selective partial inverse agonist of RORα in cell-based assays.
  20. Progesterone receptor agonist

    Tanaproget is a novel nonsteroidal progesterone receptor agonist which can bind to the PR from various species with a higher relative affinity than reference steroidal progestins.
  21. Estrogen receptor modulator

    Toremifene is a second-generation selective estrogen-receptor modulator (SERM) in development for the prevention of osteoporosis.
  22. Renin inhibitor

    VTP-27999 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate is an alkyl amine Renin inhibitor; VTP-27999 is useful for Hypertension and End-Organ Diseases.
  23. Enkephalin-degrading and ACE inhibitor

    Spinorphin is an endogenous factor that exhibits inhibitory effects on enkephalin-degrading enzymes.
  24. GPR139 agonist

    JNJ 63533054 is a potent and selective GPR139 agonist with EC50 value of 16nm.
  25. GPR119 agonist

    APD597 is a GPR119 agonist intended for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, with EC50 of 46 nM for hGPR119.
  26. hERG1 potassium channel activator

    KB130015 is a novel activator of hERG1 potassium channels, blocking native and recombinant hERG1 channels at high voltages, but activating them at low voltages.
  27. GPR84 agonist

    6-OAU is a surrogate agonist of GPR84; activates human GPR84 in the presence of Gqi5 chimera in HEK293 cells with an EC50 of 105 nM in the PI assay.
  28. LXRα inhibitor

    (20S)-Protopanaxatriol is a metabolite of ginsenoside, works through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and oestrogen receptor (ER), and is also a LXRα inhibitor. (20S)-Protopanaxatriol shows a broad spectrum of antitumor effects.
  29. AT1 antagonist

    Irbesartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.
  30. ERβ agonist

    LY500307 is a potent, selective estrogen receptor beta agonist with an EC50 of 0.66 nM.
  31. Meprednisone is a glucocorticoid and a methylated derivative of prednisone
  32. synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist

    Methylprednisolone is an apoptosis inducer and was also found to inhibit human small cell lung cancer cell growth in vitro.
  33. Perindopril Butylamine Salt is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
  34. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids.
  35. Glucocorticoid Receptor agonist

    Prednisone reduces mucosal TNF-a production, intestinal permeability and levels of NF-kB expression.
  36. ACE inhibitor

    Ramipril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM.
  37. Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

    Tasosartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist.
  38. estrogen-receptor modulator

    Toremifene citrate (Z-Toremifene citrate) is a second-generation selective estrogen-receptor modulator (SERM) in development for the prevention of osteoporosis. Toremifene citrate also potent inhibits infectious EBOV Zaire and Marburg (MARV) with IC50 of 0.07 ?M and 2.6 ?M, respectively.
  39. angiotensin II receptor antagonist

    Valsartan (CGP-48933) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure.
  40. 5-alpha reductase inhibitor

    β-sitosterol reduces blood levels of cholesterol, and is sometimes used in treating hypercholesterolemia. β-Sitosterol inhibits cholesterol absorption in the intestine. When the sterol is absorbed in the intestine, it is transported by lipoproteins and incorporated into the cellular membrane.
  41. Androgen Receptor antagonist

    (R)-Bicalutamide is an active competitive non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.17 μM for MDA 453 cells.
  42. Androgen antagonist

    17 alpha-propionate is a new topical and peripherally selective androgen antagonist.
  43. Aromatase inhibitor

    Anastrozole is a third-generation nonsteroidal selective aromatase inhibitor. It may offer greater selectivity compared with other aromatase inhibitors, being without any intrinsic endocrine effects and with no apparent effect on the synthesis of adrenal steroids.
  44. Androgen Receptor agonist

    Andarine (GTX-007) is an investigational selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM).
  45. RAAS inhibitor

    Benazepril hydrochloride is a non-peptide angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Reduces blood pressure and myocardial hypertrophy in spontaneous hypertensive rats.

  46. Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonist

    Betamethasone dipropionate is a glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive abilities.
  47. Betamethasone valerate is a potent glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties.
  48. Budesonide is a glucocorticoid steroid for the treatment of asthma, non-infectious rhinitis.
  49. Candesartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.
  50. Aromatase Inhibitor

    Chrysin is a naturally occurring flavone chemically extracted from the blue passion flower (Passiflora caerulea). It has been shown to induce an anti-inflammatory effect, most likely by inhibition of COX-2 expression and via IL-6 signaling. In rodent in vivo studies, chrysin was found anxiolytic.

Items 451-500 of 1754

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