Endocrinology-Hormones

Small molecules play a pivotal role in Endocrinology Research. These are low molecular weight compounds that have a significant impact on the endocrine system, hormones, and their receptors. Here are some key aspects of how small molecules are involved in this field:

  • Hormone Mimetics and Inhibitors: Small molecules are used to develop synthetic compounds that mimic the actions of hormones or inhibit their effects. For example, drugs like metformin for diabetes management and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for breast cancer treatment are used to either mimic or block hormonal activity.
  • Receptor Modulation: Small molecules can bind to hormone receptors and modulate their activity. This is crucial in developing drugs that target specific hormone receptors, like the use of small molecule agonists and antagonists to regulate thyroid hormone receptors.
  • Metabolism Regulation: Endocrinology research often focuses on metabolism and how hormones like insulin regulate it. Small molecules are employed to understand and develop drugs targeting enzymes involved in metabolism, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists for diabetes treatment.
  • Steroid Hormone Production: Small molecules may be utilized to influence the production of steroid hormones in the adrenal glands or gonads. This is essential for conditions like Cushing's syndrome or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  • Hormone Assays: In laboratory research, small molecules are used as tracers or markers in hormone assays. For instance, small molecule fluorophores can be attached to antibodies to detect hormone levels in blood samples.

Drug Development: Endocrinology research relies on small molecules as potential drug candidates. Researchers design and test small molecules for their effectiveness in modulating hormonal pathways, with the goal of developing new therapies for endocrine disorders.
In summary, small molecules are indispensable tools in Endocrinology Research, enabling scientists to better understand the endocrine system's intricacies and develop novel treatments for a wide range of hormonal disorders and conditions. Their versatility and specificity make them valuable assets in advancing our knowledge of endocrinology and improving patient care.


Endocrinology Disease Products


Endocrinology Research Products

Kisspeptin Receptor

Leptin Receptors

Melanocortin (MC) Receptors

Mineralocorticoid Receptors

Ghrelin Receptors

Natriuretic Peptide Receptors

NPY Receptors

Motilin Receptor

PTH Receptor

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Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Product Citation
  1. Aromatase inhibitor

    Anastrozole is a third-generation nonsteroidal selective aromatase inhibitor. It may offer greater selectivity compared with other aromatase inhibitors, being without any intrinsic endocrine effects and with no apparent effect on the synthesis of adrenal steroids.
  2. RAAS inhibitor

    Benazepril hydrochloride is a non-peptide angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Reduces blood pressure and myocardial hypertrophy in spontaneous hypertensive rats.

  3. Aromatase Inhibitor

    Chrysin is a naturally occurring flavone chemically extracted from the blue passion flower (Passiflora caerulea). It has been shown to induce an anti-inflammatory effect, most likely by inhibition of COX-2 expression and via IL-6 signaling. In rodent in vivo studies, chrysin was found anxiolytic.
  4. dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitor

    Dutasteride is a dual 5-a reductase inhibitor that inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
  5. ACE inhibitor

    Enalapril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used in the treatment of hypertension and some types of chronic heart failure.
  6. RAAS inhibitor

    Enalaprilat is the active metabolite of enalapril. It is the first dicarboxylate-containing ACE inhibitor and was developed partly to overcome these limitations of captopril.
  7. Aromatase inhibitor

    Exemestane is an oral steroidal aromatase inhibitor that is used in ER-positive breast cancer in addition to surgery and/or radiation in post-menopausal women.
  8. Aromatase inhibitor

    Fulvestrant is an estrogen receptor antagonist with no agonist effects, which works both by down-regulating and by degrading the estrogen receptor.
  9. Aromatase inhibitor

    Letrozole is an Aromatase inhibitor. CGS 20267 is a new non-steroidal compound which potently inhibits aromatase in vitro (IC50 of 11.5 nM) and in vivo (ED50 of 1?€?3 μg/kg p.o.)
  10. ACE inhibitor

    Ramipril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM.
  11. RNA polymerase inhibitor

    Antibiotic; inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase. Prototypical activator of the pregnane X receptor (PXR).
  12. 5-alpha reductase inhibitor

    β-sitosterol reduces blood levels of cholesterol, and is sometimes used in treating hypercholesterolemia. β-Sitosterol inhibits cholesterol absorption in the intestine. When the sterol is absorbed in the intestine, it is transported by lipoproteins and incorporated into the cellular membrane.
  13. Aromatase inhibitor

    Fadrozole is a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor exhibiting a very potent and selective inhibitory effect of the aromatase enzyme system in vivo and estrogen biosynthesis in vivo.
  14. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

    Rosuvastatin is a member of the drug class of statins, used to treat high cholesterol and related conditions, and to prevent cardiovascular disease.
  15. renin inhibitor

    Aliskiren hemifumarate is a hemifumarate salt form of Aliskiren, which is a direct renin inhibitor approved for the treatment of essential hypertension.
  16. CYP17 inhibitor

    TOK-001 (Galeterone) is both an androgen receptor antagonist and CYP17A1 inhibitor.
  17. HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitor

    Clinofibrate is a lipid clearing agent that appears to modify lipid metabolism, diminishing the steroid induced accumulation of lipids within osteocytes. It also can effectively reduce the plasma fibrinogen level.

  18. ACE inhibitor/Beta blocker

    Moxonidine is a new-generation centrally-acting antihypertensive drug. It may have a role when thiazides, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers are not appropriate or have failed to control blood pressure. In addition, it demonstrates favourable effects on parameters of the insulin resistance syndrome, apparently independent of blood pressure reduction.
  19. VD/VDR Inhibitor

    Metabolite of vitamin D2
  20. Renin inhibitor

    VTP-27999 is an alkyl amine Renin inhibitor; VTP-27999 is useful for Hypertension and End-Organ Diseases. Ic50 value: Target: Renin
  21. Renin inhibitor

    Aliskiren is an orally active, synthetic nonpeptide renin inhibitor.
  22. ACE inhibitor

    Cilazapril is a pyridazine angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.
  23. ACE inhibitor

    Fosinopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension and some types of chronic heart failure.
  24. ACE inhibitor

    Temocapril is an ACE inhibitor.
  25. GnRH receptor Inhibitor

    NBI-42902 is a novel nonpeptide antagonist of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor
  26. AR inhibitor downregulator

    AZD-3514 is a potent androgen receptor downregulator with potential anticancer cancer activity.
  27. ACE inhibitor

    Zofenopril calcium is an angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE inhibitor.
  28. GPR3 agonist/NOS/ NADPH oxidases inhibitor

    Diphenyleneiodonium chloride has been shown to be a potent irreversible inhibitor of NOS2 (iNOS) from macrophages and NOS3 (eNOS) from endothelial cells.
  29. CYP17A1/androgen synthesis inhibitor

    Orteronel (TAK700) is an androgen synthesis inhibitor. It selectively inhibits the enzyme CYP17A which is expressed in testicular, adrenal, and prostatic tumor tissues.
  30. LTA4 hydrolase inhibitor

    Captopril Disulfide is a reversible and competitive inhibitor of LTA4 hydrolase (IC50=11 M). Captopril has been shown to be an of angiotensin converting enzyme-1 (ACE1), but not ACE2(IC50 = 22 nM).
  31. ACE inhibitor

    Zofenopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 81 μM.
  32. Renin inhibitor

    VTP-27999 HCl is a potent inhibitor of renin with IC50 value of 0.3 nM for human renin.
  33. angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor

    LCZ696 is an orally bioavailable, dual-acting angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) for hypertension and heart failure.
  34. Renin inhibitor

    VTP-27999 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate is an alkyl amine Renin inhibitor; VTP-27999 is useful for Hypertension and End-Organ Diseases.
  35. Enkephalin-degrading and ACE inhibitor

    Spinorphin is an endogenous factor that exhibits inhibitory effects on enkephalin-degrading enzymes.
  36. ACE2 inhibitor

    MLN-4760 is an angiotensin-converting (ACE2) inhibitor. In huMNCs, MLN-4760-B detected 63% ACE2 with 28-fold selectivity over ACE.
  37. RORγt inhibitor

    AGN-242428, also known as VTP-43742, is a potent, selective and orally active RORγt inhibitor for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis and psoriasis.
  38. 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor

    Epristeride is a selective and specific uncompetitive inhibitor of human steroid 5 alpha-reductase isoform 2.
  39. OC2 inhibitor

    CSRM617 Hydrochloride is an inhibitor of the transcription factor ONECUT2 (OC2), thereby suppressing metastasis in mice.
  40. aromatase inhibitor

    Alpha-Naphthoflavone is a synthetic flavonoid, acts as a potent and competitive aromatase inhibitor with an IC50 and a Ki of 0.5 and 0.2 μM, respectively.
  41. ACE inhibitor

    H-Val-Pro-Pro-OH, a milk-derived proline peptides derivative, is an inhibitor of Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE), with an IC50 of 9 μM.
  42. RORγt inhibitor

    S18-000003 is a potent orally bioavailable retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-gamma-t (RORγt) inhibitor with an IC50 of 29 nM. S18-000003 inhibits IL-17 production.
  43. Smurf1 inhibitor

    Smurf1-IN-A01 (A01) is an ubiquitin ligase Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor-1 (Smurf1) inhibitor with a kd of 3.664 nM, which increases BMP-2 responsiveness by inhibiting Smurf1-mediated Smad1/5 degradation.
  44. ACE inhibitor

    Imidaprilate is an active metabolite of TA-6366, acts as a potent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.6 nM, and is used in the research of hypertensive disease.
  45. androgen receptor/CYP17A1 dual inhibitor

    ODM-204 is novel nonsteroidal dual inhibitor of both androgen receptor and CYP17A1 enzyme, with IC50s of 80?nM and 22 nM, respectively.
  46. angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor

    Lisinopril (MK-521) is angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, used in treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and heart attacks.
  47. Aromatase inhibitor

    Fadrozole hydrochloride is a potent, selective and nonsteroidal inhibitor of aromatase with an IC50 of 6.4 nM.
  48. testosterone 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor

    Finasteride (acetate) is an orally active testosterone 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor.
  49. direct renin inhibitor

    Aliskiren D6 Hydrochloride (CGP 60536 D6 Hydrochloride) is is deuterium labeled Aliskiren, which is a direct renin inhibitor with IC50 of 1.5 nM.
  50. estrogen receptor (ER) inhibitor

    WAY-169916 is a pathway-selective inhibitor of estrogen receptor (ER) that acts by inhibiting NF-kB transcriptional activity.

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