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Antibiotic
Tiamulin fumarate is a diterpenic antibiotic that targets bacterial infections, primarily used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases in pigs and poultry. Its key biological activity includes combating pathogens like Mycoplasma spp., making it particularly effective in research applications related to airsacculitis. This compound serves as a valuable tool for studies investigating antibiotic efficacy and disease management in agricultural settings. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Octenidine dihydrochloride is a potent bacterial inhibitor that functions as an antiseptic. Its primary mechanism involves disrupting microbial cell membranes, which results in effective antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens. This compound is widely utilized in medical and clinical research for its applications in wound care, skin disinfection, and maintaining sterile conditions in various settings. -
Antibiotic
Tiamulin is a diterpenic antibiotic that targets bacterial infections in livestock, particularly in pigs and poultry. It demonstrates significant effectiveness against pathogens such as Mycoplasma spp., making it a valuable compound in the study of airsacculitis and related infectious diseases. Tiamulin is utilized in various research applications aimed at understanding antibiotic resistance and the management of respiratory infections in agricultural settings. -
Antibacterial Agent
Mupirocin calcium hydrate is an antibacterial agent that functions by reversibly inhibiting isoleucyl-transfer RNA, which subsequently disrupts bacterial protein and RNA synthesis. Isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens, this orally active antibiotic is effective against a variety of bacterial infections. It is commonly utilized in research settings to investigate mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and protein synthesis in bacteria. -
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
Sulfadimethoxine sodium is a sulfonamide antibiotic that primarily targets bacterial dihydropteroate synthase, disrupting folate synthesis. It exhibits significant antibacterial activity and is commonly utilized in research studies focusing on various infections, particularly urinary tract infections. This reagent serves as a valuable tool in evaluating antibiotic efficacy and resistance mechanisms in in vitro and in vivo models. -
Antibiotic for Poultry
Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic derived from the fermentation of Streptomyces fradiae, primarily targeting Gram-positive bacteria. It exhibits strong antimicrobial properties, making it effective in the treatment of bacterial infections. Tylosin is commonly utilized as a feed additive to promote growth and improve health in poultry, pigs, and cattle, as well as for managing bacterial dysentery and respiratory diseases in these animals. -
Antibacterial Agent
Sulfamethazine sodium is an antibacterial agent that exhibits antimicrobial activity with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. This compound is primarily utilized in veterinary medicine for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in animals. Regulatory limits for sulfamethazine sodium in animal products have been established by the Chinese authorities and the European Commission, with a maximum residue level set at 100 μg/kg. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Ceftezole is a broad-spectrum cephem antibiotic that effectively targets both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Its primary mechanism involves inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it valuable in combating various bacterial infections. Additionally, Ceftezole acts as an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, demonstrating potential in in vivo anti-diabetic applications. It is suitable for use in microbiological research and studies related to diabetes management. -
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic
Tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that exhibits potent antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Its oral bioavailability makes it a valuable compound for research applications involving bacterial infection models and the study of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. This reagent is suitable for investigating the pharmacological effects and therapeutic potential of fluoroquinolone derivatives in microbial research. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Ceftezole sodium is a broad-spectrum cephem antibiotic primarily targeting various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell lysis and death. Additionally, ceftezole sodium demonstrates alpha-glucosidase inhibition, contributing to its in vivo anti-diabetic effects. This compound is relevant for research in microbial resistance and diabetes therapeutic development. -
Cephamycin Antibiotic
Cefmetazole sodium is a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that targets penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria. This reagent is utilized in research related to gynecologic, intraabdominal, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin and soft tissue infections, making it valuable for understanding and combating various infectious diseases. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Sultamicillin tosylate is a broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitor with potent antibacterial activity. This compound targets bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it effective against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is commonly used in microbiological research to study bacterial resistance mechanisms and to evaluate the efficacy of other antimicrobial agents. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Sultamicillin is a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic that functions primarily by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It exhibits significant antibacterial activity against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This compound is utilized in research applications focused on investigating bacterial resistance mechanisms and evaluating the efficacy of antibiotic treatments. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate is a bacterial inhibitor primarily targeting protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This compound effectively suppresses the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus, even at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate notably decreases the production of key toxins, including Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1), and alpha-haemolysin (Hla), making it a valuable tool in microbiological research and the study of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Cefoperazone sodium salt is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic that targets bacterial cell wall synthesis. It exhibits a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This compound is widely utilized in microbiological research and clinical applications to study bacterial resistance and the efficacy of antibacterial therapies. -
Antibiotic
Kasugamycin hydrochloride is an antibiotic that specifically targets the 30S and 70S ribosomal subunits, inhibiting translation initiation by mimicking mRNA nucleotides and disrupting tRNA binding. It exhibits significant anti-infective activity and has been shown to enhance the sensitivity of mycobacteria to Rifampicin in both in vitro assays and mouse infection models. This makes Kasugamycin hydrochloride a valuable tool for research focused on bacterial resistance mechanisms and the development of novel antimicrobial therapies. -
Antibacterial Agent
Cinnamyl acetate is an antibacterial agent that exhibits broad-spectrum activity against various bacterial strains. This compound is relevant in both pharmacological research and microbiological studies, providing insights into novel antibacterial formulations. Its unique properties make it a valuable tool for exploring antibacterial mechanisms and developing new therapeutic approaches. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Cefotiam hexetil hydrochloride is a prodrug of cefotiam, functioning primarily as a bacterial inhibitor. While it is designed for oral administration, this third-generation cephalosporin itself does not exhibit antibacterial activity until metabolized to cefotiam in the body. It is used in research applications to study antibiotic effects and efficacy in targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial infections. -
Antibiotic
Cefozopran hydrochloride is a fourth-generation semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic known for its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. It effectively inhibits a wide range of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, making it valuable for research in antibiotic efficacy and resistance. This compound is suitable for studies focusing on bacterial infections and the mechanisms of antibiotic action. -
Antibacterial Agent
Phthalylsulfathiazole is an orally active sulfonamide that acts primarily as an antibacterial agent targeting intestinal pathogens. It exhibits low toxicity while demonstrating significant bacteriostatic activity against a range of bacteria, including E. coli, streptococci, and staphylococci, as well as total fecal bacteria. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on intestinal infections, including those related to colon infections, bacillary dysentery, and ulcerative colitis. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Ceftizoxime sodium is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that functions as a bacterial inhibitor by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). This action prevents bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell lysis and death. It exhibits effectiveness against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, making it valuable for research applications related to antibiotic resistance and bacterial infections. -
Parasite Inhibitor
Morantel tartrate is an effective anthelmintic agent targeting gastrointestinal parasites. It is primarily utilized in veterinary medicine to control subclinical gastrointestinal parasitism in cattle on pasture. Following administration, morantel tartrate can be detected in ruminal, abomasal, ileal fluids, and feces for up to 98 days, indicating its prolonged activity. This compound is instrumental in research related to parasitic infections and antiparasitic drug development. -
Antibacterial Agent
Olanexidine hydrochloride semihydrate is an antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It also possesses antiseptic properties, making it suitable for a variety of applications in infection and inflammation research. Researchers can utilize Olanexidine hydrochloride semihydrate to investigate microbial resistance mechanisms and develop new therapeutic strategies for bacterial infections. -
Isoniazid Metabolite
Isonicotinic acid is a metabolite of Isoniazid, primarily involved in the pharmacological response to tuberculosis treatment. This compound has been shown to exhibit antiviral properties, particularly in inhibiting the replication of multiple subtypes of influenza A virus. It serves as a valuable research tool in studies focusing on antiviral drug development and mechanisms of action against viral infections. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Saccharin sodium hydrate functions as a bacterial inhibitor, exhibiting bacteriostatic properties. This compound modulates the microbiome and serves as a non-caloric artificial sweetener. It is applicable in research exploring bacterial growth inhibition and the effects of sweeteners on microbial populations. -
Antibiotic
Imipenem monohydrate is a potent β-lactam antibiotic that exerts its activity by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including both aerobic and anaerobic strains. This reagent is particularly valuable for research focused on carbapenem-nonsusceptible infections and the study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. -
Antibiotic
Fosfomycin sodium is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that targets cell wall synthesis by irreversibly inhibiting an early enzymatic step. This compound effectively penetrates the blood-brain barrier and exhibits significant antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogens, including multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) bacteria. Its utility spans both in vivo and in vitro research applications, making it a valuable tool in the study of bacterial resistance and infection treatment. -
Antibacterial Agent
6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) serves as a crucial precursor for the synthesis of β-lactam antibiotics and functions as an antibacterial agent. It disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis during division, akin to penicillin, offering significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. 6-Aminopenicillanic acid is primarily utilized in research focused on penicillin-related immune responses. -
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic
Balofloxacin dihydrate is an orally active fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against gram-negative, gram-positive, and anaerobic bacteria. This compound is useful for investigating respiratory, intestinal, and urinary tract infections in various research applications. -
Anti-Bacterial Agent
Eravacycline dihydrochloride is a potent broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that targets bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting the 30S ribosomal subunit. It exhibits significant activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including multidrug-resistant strains. This compound is widely used in research applications focused on exploring antibacterial resistance mechanisms and developing new therapeutic strategies. -
Antibiotics
Sulfathiazole sodium is an orally active antibiotic that functions as an endocrine disruptor by targeting the steroidogenic pathway, specifically enhancing CYP19 activity in human adrenal cancer cells (H295R) and upregulating the expression of mRNAs for CYP17, CYP19, and 3β-HSD. It significantly increases the production of 17-estradiol (E2) and exhibits endocrine-disrupting effects in aquatic organisms, such as the Japanese medaka fish. Additionally, sulfathiazole sodium serves as a cathodic corrosion inhibitor, effectively reducing copper corrosion in the presence of chloride ions through both chemical and physical adsorption mechanisms. -
Penicillin Antibiotic
Methicillin sodium salt is a semi-synthetic β-lactam antibiotic that targets penicillin-binding proteins crucial for peptidoglycan synthesis. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.1 μg/mL. Methicillin sodium salt is utilized in research exploring inflammation and related microbial infections. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
(2S,5R,6R)-Ticarcillin disodium is a semisynthetic antibiotic that targets bacterial cell wall synthesis, exhibiting bactericidal activity. This compound serves as the (2S,5R,6R)-enantiomer of Ticarcillin, demonstrating efficacy against a broad range of Gram-negative bacteria. It is widely utilized in microbiological research for testing susceptibility and evaluating the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound that serves as a bacterial inhibitor. It exhibits significant antimicrobial activity, making it effective in preventing plaque formation and reducing gingivitis. This compound is commonly utilized in oral care products, such as mouthwashes and toothpastes, as well as in throat and nasal sprays for its antiseptic properties. -
Antibiotic
Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that primarily targets the bacterial ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis. Effective against a wide range of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, it is utilized in microbiological research to study antibiotic resistance and bacterial growth dynamics. Additionally, Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate functions as a noncompetitive inhibitor of td intron RNA, with a Ki value of 7.2 mM, highlighting its versatile applications in molecular biology. -
Antibiotic
Kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate is an antibiotic that targets 30S and 70S ribosomal subunits, selectively inhibiting canonical translation initiation by mimicking mRNA nucleotides and disrupting tRNA binding. Its anti-infective properties are particularly notable, as it enhances the sensitivity of mycobacteria to Rifampicin in vitro and within mouse infection models. This compound is valuable for research applications related to antibiotic mechanisms, bacterial resistance, and the study of ribosomal function in protein synthesis. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Bacampicillin hydrochloride is a prodrug of ampicillin that acts as a bacterial inhibitor by disrupting cell wall synthesis in susceptible bacteria. It exhibits enhanced oral bioavailability compared to its parent compound, making it a valuable tool in studying bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance. This reagent is applicable in microbiological research and can facilitate investigations into the efficacy of penicillin derivatives in various laboratory settings. -
Antibacterial/Monocationic Surface-active Agent
Thonzonium bromide is a monocationic surface-active agent with antibacterial properties. It demonstrates the ability to inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro, while also preventing LPS-induced bone loss in vivo. Thonzonium bromide effectively inhibits proton transport in a dose-dependent manner, with an EC50 of 69 μM. This compound is valuable for research applications in bone health and antibacterial studies. -
Antibiotic, ArlS Kinase Inhibitor
Oritavancin diphosphate is a glycopeptide antibiotic that targets bacterial cell wall synthesis and inhibits ArlS kinase activity, thus disrupting signal transduction pathways. It exhibits potent bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms, including Bacillus anthracis, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.015 µg/mL for the Ames strain. Oritavancin diphosphate is effective in various research applications related to antibiotic resistance and cell wall biochemistry, making it a valuable tool for microbiological studies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Benzalkonium chloride (51% in water) is a widely utilized bacterial inhibitor that acts by disrupting microbial cell membranes. This potent antimicrobial agent is commonly deployed in various applications, including as a preservative in ophthalmic formulations, such as eye drops. Its effectiveness against a broad spectrum of bacteria makes it an essential reagent for research and development in microbiology and pharmaceutical studies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Isoniazid is a prodrug that targets the bacterial enzyme catalase-peroxidase (KatG) for activation, leading to its bactericidal effects against rapidly dividing mycobacteria. This compound exhibits significant anti-tuberculostatic activity and is widely used in research focused on tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections. Its mechanism of action makes it a valuable reagent for investigating bacterial resistance and developing novel therapeutic strategies. -
Antibacterial Agent
Kanamycin is an orally active antibacterial agent that targets both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria by inhibiting translocation and causing misreading of mRNA. This aminoglycoside antibiotic demonstrates significant efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including both sensitive and drug-resistant strains, as well as Klebsiella pneumoniae. Kanamycin is widely utilized in research applications focused on tuberculosis and pneumonia, providing valuable insights into bacterial infections and treatment strategies. -
Macrocyclic Peptide Antibiotic
Capreomycin is a macrocyclic peptide antibiotic that primarily targets mycobacterial ribosomes. It inhibits phenylalanine synthesis during the translation process, making it effective in combating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. This compound is valuable for research focused on tuberculosis treatment and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in mycobacteria. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
Ethambutol is an antimycobacterial agent that targets arabinosyltransferase, inhibiting cell wall synthesis in bacteria. This compound is primarily utilized in research related to mycobacterial infections and has applications in developing animal models for conditions such as hyperuricemia and optic neuropathy. Ethambutol's ability to interrupt bacterial growth makes it valuable for studying microbial pathogenesis and treatment strategies. -
Carboxypenicillin Antibiotic
Ticarcillin sodium is a carboxypenicillin antibiotic that primarily targets Gram-negative bacteria. It is particularly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and is one of the limited antibiotics available for the treatment of infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. This compound is essential in research focused on antibiotic efficacy and bacterial resistance mechanisms. -
Antibacterial Agent
(Rac)-Moxifloxacin is an 8-methoxyquinolone antibiotic that targets bacterial DNA gyrase, disrupting DNA replication and transcription. This compound exhibits potent antibacterial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. It is primarily used in research settings to investigate bacterial infections, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and potential therapeutic interventions for respiratory infections such as acute bacterial sinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia. -
Antibiotic
Amikacin is a semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin that primarily targets bacterial protein synthesis, effectively combating a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, including strains resistant to gentamicin and tobramycin. This antibiotic exhibits significant antibacterial activity, making it useful in treating serious infections. Additionally, Amikacin has been explored for its potential roles in bacteriostatic, anti-cancer, and analgesic research applications. Please note that it is associated with ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. -
Antifungal Agent
α-Terpinene is a monoterpene with notable antifungal activity, primarily derived from the essential oils of various aromatic plants, including Mentha piperita. It demonstrates efficacy against Trypanosoma evansi, indicating potential applications in trypanosomosis treatment. In addition to its antifungal properties, α-Terpinene exhibits significant antioxidant activity, making it a valuable reagent for further research in microbiology and pharmacology. -
Fungi Metabolite
Itaconic acid is a versatile fungal metabolite with significant roles in macrophage metabolism. Its primary biological activities include anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory effects, making it valuable for immunological research. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophages and peritoneal tumors, highlighting its potential in studies related to cancer and immune responses. This compound can also serve as a precursor in the synthesis of various polymers, chemicals, and fuels. -
Mycotoxin
Patulin is a mycotoxin synthesized by various fungal species, including Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys. It is known to induce chromosome breakage and mutations, exhibiting teratogenic and cytotoxic effects. Patulin triggers autophagy-dependent apoptosis via the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, leading to DNA damage. This compound is relevant for research into the mechanisms of mycotoxin toxicity and apoptosis.

