Microbiology

The rifamycins are a group of antibiotics that are synthesized either naturally by the bacterium Amycolatopsis rifamycinica or artificially. Rifamycin S is found to be very active against gram positive bacteria, with minimum inhibitory concentration being 0.0025 /ug/ml.

Presatovir is a novel, orally bioavailable RSV fusion inhibitor, against a wide range of RSV A and B clinical isolates (mean EC50 = 0.43 nM).

Sodium Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) is a water soluble bile salt, used for the treatment of gallstones and liver cirrhosis.

NSC5844 is a bisquinoline compound with C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1)-agonistic properties.

Calicheamicin is an potent enediyne antitumor antibiotics derived from the bacterium Micromonospora echinospora. Calicheamicin targets DNA and cause strand scission.

Dalbavancin is a novel second-generation lipoglycopeptide antibiotic.

GSK2838232 is a novel human immune virus (HIV) maturation inhibitor being developed for the treatment of chronic HIV infection.

VX-787 is a novel inhibitor of influenza virus replication that blocks the PB2 cap-snatching activity of the influenza viral polymerase complex.

Tildipirosin is a novel 16-membered-ring macrolide authorized for the treatment of bovine and swine respiratory disease.

Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat bacterial diseases in cattle, pigs and sheep. Dihydrostreptomycin is a derivative of streptomycin.

Chloroxylenol is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial chemical compound used to control bacteria, algae, fungi and virus.

Cefotaxime sodium salt is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic; broad-spectrum antibiotic with activity against numerous Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic used to treat bladder infections.It inhibits bacterial DNA, RNA, and cell wall protein synthesis.

Furazolidone is a synthetic nitrofuran derivative with bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity when used against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative and food additive. It is a standardized chemical allergen.

GSK744 is a potent HIV integrase inhibitor as an oral lead-in tablet and long-acting injectable for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection.

BI 224436 is a novel HIV-1 non-catalytic-site integrase inhibitor; has antiviral EC50s of <15 nM against different HIV-1 laboratory strains and cellular cytotoxicity of >90 μM.

(±)-BI-D is a potent ALLINI(An allosteric IN inhibitor) that binds integrase at the LEDGF/p75 binding site.

Chlorothricin is a spirotetronic acid antibiotic inhibitor of pyruvate carboxylase.

Ansatrienin B is an ansamycin antibiotic that contains a triene structure.

Povidone iodine is a stable chemical complex of polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP) and elemental iodine.

Cefmenoxime Hydrochloride is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

Acetohydroxamic acid is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of bacterial and plant urease and also used as adjunctive therapy in chronic urinary infection.

Sodium Sulfadiazine is a sodium salt form of sulfadiazine, an intermediate-acting bacteriostatic, synthetic sulfanilamide derivative.

Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic. Tedizolid phosphate is a phosphate ester prodrug of the active compound tedizolid.

Dolutegravir sodium is a HIV integrase inhibitor(IC50= 2.7 nM), modest activity against raltegravir-resistant signature mutants Y143R, Q148K, N155H, and G140S/Q148H.

Triclosan is an antibacterial and antifungal agent found in consumer products, including soaps, detergents, toys, and surgical cleaning treatments.

L-ornithine has an antifatigue effect in increasing the efficiency of energy consumption and promoting the excretion of ammonia.

Dapsone is a synthetic derivative of diamino-sulfone with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, commonly used for the treatment of leprosy.

ZK-756326 is a potent, selective and non-peptide CCR8 chemokine receptor agonist. ZK 756326 inhibited the binding of the CCR8 ligand I-309 (CCL1), with an IC(50) value of 1.8 μM.

Butylparaben is a chemical compound commonly used as an antifungal preservative in cosmetic products.

Aloperine is an isolated alkaloid in sophora plants such as Sophora alopecuroides L, and exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor properties.

Amikacin sulfate binds to 16S rRNA (bacterial 30S ribosome), causing misreading of mRNA and supressing proteins synthesis.

Aminothiazole can be used as a thyroid inhibitor and it has antibacterial activity.

Amoxicillin Sodium is a moderate- spectrum, bacteriolytic, beta-lactam antibiotic.

Ampicillin Trihydrate is a beta-lactam antibiotic, which inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis (peptidoglycan cross-linking) by inactivating transpeptidases on the inner surface of the bacterial cell membrane.

Azithromycin Dihydrate is an acid stable orally administered macrolide antimicrobial drug, structurally related to erythromycin.

Azlocillin is an acylampicillin with a broad spectrum against bacteria.

Capreomycin Sulfate is a cyclic peptide antibiotic and thought to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 70S ribosomal unit.

Carsalam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

Cefazolin Sodium is a semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.

Ceftriaxone sodium trihydrate is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.

Cefuroxime Sodium is a cephalosporin effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with resistance to beta-lactamase.

Cephalothin is a semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.

Cetylpyridinium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound used as oropharyngeal antiseptic.

Chlorhexidine hydrochloride is an antiseptic effective against a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.

Chloroquine phosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator.

Chlorquinaldol is an antimicrobial agent used for local antisepsy.

Climbazole is a broad-spectrum imidazole antifungal agent that can provide anti-dandruff benefits.

Clindamycin inhibits protein synthesis by acting on the 50S ribosomal, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.