Microbiology

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  1. Glycopeptide Antibiotic

    Chloroorienticin A is a glycopeptide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by targeting the transglycosylation activity in gram-positive bacteria. This compound demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against staphylococci and streptococci, making it a valuable tool for research on antibiotic resistance and bacterial pathogenesis. Its efficacy in inhibiting the growth of these pathogens supports its use in studying the mechanisms of antibiotic action and resistance development in clinical strains.
  2. Antibiotic

    Benapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic that functions by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis through its action on penicillin-binding proteins. This broad-spectrum β-lactam agent is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it suitable for treating various bacterial infections. Its applications extend to research on antibiotic resistance and the development of novel antimicrobial therapies.
  3. Antibacterial Agent

    Mafenide is a sulfonamide-type antimicrobial agent that primarily targets bacterial nucleotide synthesis. It exhibits potent antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mafenide is commonly utilized in research related to wound healing and the treatment of burn injuries, due to its effective antimicrobial properties.
  4. Glycopeptide Antibiotic

    Phleomycin D1 is a glycopeptide antibiotic that targets DNA. It exerts its biological activity by binding to and cleaving DNA, leading to cell death. Additionally, Phleomycin D1 induces cell cycle arrest at the S phase, making it a valuable reagent for research applications in cancer biology and molecular genetics.
  5. Antibacterial Agent

    Gepotidacin mesylate hydrate is an orally active antibiotic that functions as a bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitor. It interferes with bacterial DNA replication by obstructing topoisomerase enzymes, specifically targeting topoisomerase IV and the B subunit of DNA gyrase. This compound is primarily used in research applications investigating antibacterial mechanisms and the development of novel antimicrobial agents.
  6. Antibiotic

    Actinorhodin is a redox-active microbial secondary metabolite known for its potent antibacterial properties. This blue-pigmented compound functions as a bacteriostatic antibiotic, displaying significant activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Actinorhodin's pH-responsive nature enhances its utility in various research applications, particularly in studies focused on microbial resistance and antibiotic efficacy.
  7. Cephalosporin Antibiotic

    Ceftaroline fosamil (inner) is a cephalosporin antibiotic that acts as an N-phosphono proagent effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This reagent demonstrates significant antibacterial activity, making it a valuable tool in the study of MRSA infections and antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Its application extends to research aimed at developing new therapeutic strategies for combating resistant bacterial strains.
  8. Stable Isotope

    Rifampicin-d3 is a deuterated derivative of Rifampicin, a potent broad-spectrum antibiotic primarily targeting bacterial infections. It exhibits antimicrobial activity and has been shown to possess anti-influenza virus properties. This stable isotope is valuable for pharmacokinetic studies, mechanism of action investigations, and metabolic research in the field of infectious diseases.
  9. Antibiotic Agent

    Oxytetracycline calcium is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that targets bacterial protein synthesis. It effectively inhibits the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosomal complex, demonstrating potent activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Additionally, Oxytetracycline calcium exhibits antiviral properties, specifically against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). This compound is widely utilized in microbiological research and for studying bacterial resistance mechanisms.
  10. Ephalosporin Antibiotic

    Cephapirin is a cephalosporin antibiotic that exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. This compound is effective against both Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria, making it valuable in various clinical applications. It is commonly used in research to study antibiotic resistance and evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents.
  11. Antibiotic

    Contezolid acefosamil sodium is an orally active oxazolidinone antibiotic targeting resistant Gram-positive bacteria. It demonstrates significant efficacy in treating complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI). Notably, this compound exhibits a reduced risk of myelosuppression and minimizes monoamine oxidase inhibition, enhancing its safety profile in clinical applications.
  12. Antibiotic

    Nafcillin is a β-lactam antibiotic that functions as a reversible inhibitor of β-lactamase. It demonstrates potent bactericidal activity against penicillin-resistant strains, particularly Staphylococcus aureus. Nafcillin is commonly utilized in research focused on staphylococcal infections, contributing to the understanding and treatment of resistant bacterial strains.
  13. Antibiotic

    Mycaminosyltylonolide is a potent antibiotic that targets bacterial pathogens. It exhibits significant antibacterial activity by inhibiting luciferase synthesis, disrupting essential bacterial processes. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on antibacterial mechanisms and the development of new therapeutic strategies against resistant bacterial strains.
  14. Calcium Ionophore Antibiotic, Methanogenic Bacteria Inhibitor

    Chlortetracycline is a calcium ionophore antibiotic that primarily targets bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes. This compound demonstrates potent bactericidal activity and serves as a selective inhibitor of methanogenic bacteria. Chlortetracycline is widely utilized in research applications involving antibiotic resistance studies and metabolic pathway investigations in anaerobic organisms.
  15. Antibiotic

    Carbomycin B is a macrolide antibiotic that primarily targets bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Its potent antibacterial activity makes it effective against a variety of Gram-positive bacteria. Carbomycin B is commonly utilized in microbiological research to study antibiotic resistance mechanisms and explore new therapeutic strategies.
  16. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Cefamandole is a semi-synthetic second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that functions as a bacterial inhibitor by disrupting cell wall synthesis. It exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against various Gram-positive cocci and several Gram-negative bacilli, while maintaining resistance to hydrolysis by certain β-lactamases. Although effective in many contexts, it shows limited efficacy against species such as Pseudomonas, Proteus vulgaris, and Providencia stuartii. Cefamandole is primarily excreted in the urine in its active form and is utilized in research applications focused on bacterial infections, although its penetration across the blood-brain barrier is minimal.
  17. Antifungal Peptide

    Pezadeftide is a potent antifungal peptide that targets fungal cells by inducing a rapid mitochondrial response. This mechanism leads to hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, disrupting cellular function and contributing to antifungal activity. Pezadeftide is valuable for studying antifungal resistance and developing therapeutic strategies against fungal infections.
  18. Antibacterial Agent

    Sulfamonomethoxine sodium is a long-acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent that inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, thereby blocking folic acid synthesis. Its antibacterial properties make it useful in various applications, including blood kinetic studies and research focused on microbial resistance mechanisms. This compound is valuable for scientists investigating the effects of folate metabolism and the therapeutic potential of sulfonamides.
  19. Antibiotic

    Nitrofurantoin sodium is a potent, orally active antibiotic targeting bacterial infections. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, making it particularly effective against urinary tract infections (UTIs), including cystitis and pyelonephritis. This reagent is valuable for research applications focusing on UTI treatment and mechanisms of bacterial resistance.
  20. Antibiotic

    Oleandomycin phosphate is a macrolide antibiotic that exhibits similar structural characteristics to Erythromycin. It functions by inhibiting protein synthesis, specifically by interfering with the translation of activated amino acids into nascent peptide chains at the ribosomal site. This compound demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity, making it useful in various research applications related to bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance studies.
  21. Antibiotic

    4-Epitetracycline hydrochloride is a reversible epimer of Tetracycline, functioning as an antibiotic with notable antibacterial activity. This compound has applications in microbiological research for studying bacterial resistance and the mechanisms of action of tetracycline antibiotics. Its ability to interconvert with Tetracycline in natural settings enhances its relevance in antibiotic studies.
  22. Antibiotic

    Bacitracin A is an antibiotic that targets gram-positive bacteria by inhibiting bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. It forms a complex with long-chain polyisoprenyl pyrophosphates in the presence of metal ions, facilitating the dephosphorylation of the lipid carrier intermediate Css-bactoprenyl pyrophosphate. This mechanism of action underscores its utility in microbiological research and studies involving bacterial infections.
  23. Trinem Antibiotic

    Sanfetrinem is a β-lactamase-stable antibiotic targeting bacterial cell walls. It exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This compound is valuable in research applications focused on studying bacterial resistance mechanisms and evaluating new antibacterial therapies.
  24. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Cinnamycin is a tetracyclic peptide antibiotic that specifically targets phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Its primary mechanism involves disrupting bacterial membrane integrity, leading to inhibition of growth in Gram-positive bacteria. Cinnamycin is commonly utilized in microbiological research to study antibiotic resistance and bacterial membrane dynamics.
  25. Tetracycline Antibiotic

    Demecycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, functions by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis through binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. It exhibits antibacterial activity against a range of infections, particularly pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. This compound is widely utilized in research to study antibiotic resistance mechanisms and the pharmacodynamics of tetracycline-class antibiotics.
  26. Antibiotic

    Blasticidin A is a tetraamide acid derivative antibiotic that selectively inhibits aflatoxin production by targeting fungal systems. It demonstrates antimicrobial activity against yeast, making it a valuable tool for studying yeast biology and antifungal mechanisms. Additionally, Blasticidin A is useful in research focused on aflatoxin contamination and the pathogenicity of Aspergillus species.
  27. Antibiotic

    ZG297 is an agonist of Staphylococcus aureus ClpP (SaClpP) with an EC50 of 0.26 μM. This compound effectively degrades SaFtsZ and inhibits bacterial cell division, demonstrating potent antistaphylococcal activity against S. aureus 8325-4 and MRSA strains, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.063 to 256 μg/mL. Additionally, ZG297 has shown efficacy in anti-infectious applications in mouse models, making it a valuable tool for research in antibiotic development.
  28. Antibiotic

    Ormetoprim is an antibiotic that targets bacterial infections in veterinary applications. It is primarily employed in aquaculture and poultry industries to prevent disease transmission in freshwater environments and to enhance growth efficiency in livestock. This compound is essential for maintaining animal health and optimizing production in agricultural settings.
  29. Antibiotic

    Clinafloxacin hydrochloride is a potent fluoroquinolone antibiotic that targets DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, effectively inhibiting bacterial DNA replication. It demonstrates broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as anaerobic pathogens in vitro. With IC50 values of 0.92 µg/ml and 1.62 µg/ml against S. aureus, this compound is useful for research applications aimed at understanding antibiotic resistance and developing novel antimicrobial therapies.
  30. Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic

    Grepafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that exhibits potent antibacterial activity against community-acquired respiratory pathogens, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae. With its high tissue penetration, Grepafloxacin demonstrates an advantageous pharmacodynamic profile, making it valuable for research involving respiratory infections and antibiotic resistance mechanisms.
  31. Antibacterial Agent

    Pisiferic acid is an antibacterial agent that exhibits inhibitory activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. It serves as a valuable tool for research on bacterial infections, allowing for the exploration of mechanisms of antibacterial resistance and the development of new therapeutic strategies.
  32. Antibacterial Agent

    Dup-721 is an orally active broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that exhibits significant efficacy against a range of both clinically susceptible and resistant bacterial strains, with particular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This compound is valuable for research applications aimed at understanding bacterial resistance mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic strategies for tuberculosis and other bacterial infections.
  33. Nucleoside Antibiotic

    Psicofuranine is a nucleoside antibiotic that primarily inhibits xanthosine 5'-phosphate aminase and selectively targets GMP synthase. This compound disrupts the growth of parasites, demonstrating dose-dependent inhibitory effects on Plasmodium falciparum. Psicofuranine is a valuable tool for research applications in parasitology and antimicrobial drug development.
  34. Antibiotic

    Cefquinome is a broad-spectrum cephem antibiotic that targets bacterial cell wall synthesis, exhibiting efficacy against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its spectrum of activity includes important pathogens such as Staphylococci, Streptococci, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacteriaceae. Cefquinome is utilized in microbiological research to study antibiotic resistance mechanisms and the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.
  35. Carbapenem Antibiotic Combination

    Imipenem and cilastatin sodium is a broad-spectrum carbapenem antibiotic combination effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Imipenem, the active antibiotic, exhibits rapid bactericidal activity, while cilastatin acts as a renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor, preventing the renal metabolism of imipenem and enhancing its urinary concentration. This combination is commonly utilized in research settings to study antibiotic efficacy and resistance mechanisms.
  36. Antibiotic

    Valnivudine, a nucleoside analogue, exhibits antiviral activity primarily against varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It serves as a proagent to the bicyclic nucleoside analog CF-1743, demonstrating significant efficacy in the treatment of herpes zoster. Following oral administration, Valnivudine is rapidly and extensively converted to CF-1743 in vivo, enhancing its therapeutic potential in clinical applications focused on herpesvirus infections.
  37. β-lactamases

    Cephalosporinase, bacillus is an enzyme that functions as a β-lactamase, inactivating and degrading the activity of cephalosporin antibiotics. This enzyme is essential for research on antibiotic resistance mechanisms in bacteria, as it allows the study of the efficacy of cephalosporins against resistant strains. It is useful in developing strategies to combat bacterial infections and improve antibiotic therapies.
  38. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Aureothricin is a dithiolopyrrolone (DTP) antibiotic with a primary mechanism of inhibiting bacterial growth. It demonstrates broad-spectrum antibiotic activity and has the ability to impede the adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to vitronectin. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on bacterial inhibition and the modulation of cell adhesion processes.
  39. Antibiotic

    Sulfacytine is a short-acting sulfonamide antibiotic that exhibits antibacterial activity by inhibiting bacterial folic acid synthesis. It is primarily utilized in research focused on acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections, showcasing its effectiveness against various bacterial pathogens. This reagent is valuable for studies exploring antibiotic efficacy and mechanisms of resistance.
  40. Aminomethylcycline Antibiotic

    Zifanocycline is a semisynthetic third-generation aminomethylcycline antibiotic that inhibits bacterial ribosome function. It demonstrates broad-spectrum in vitro antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including numerous multidrug-resistant strains. Zifanocycline is applicable in the research of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, and complicated intra-abdominal infections.
  41. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Flomoxef is an oxacephem antibiotic that exerts its bactericidal effects primarily by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It demonstrates significant activity against a range of Gram-positive bacteria. This compound is utilized in research settings to investigate antibiotic resistance mechanisms and to develop novel antibacterial agents.
  42. Antibiotic

    3-Desacetyl Cefotaxime lactone is the active metabolite of the third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic Cefotaxime. This compound exhibits significant antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is primarily utilized in research applications to study antibiotic efficacy, resistance mechanisms, and the pharmacokinetics of cephalosporin derivatives.
  43. Antibiotic

    Rhodomyrtone is an antibiotic derived from the leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, specifically targeting Gram-positive bacteria. This compound exhibits bactericidal activity through a mechanism that does not induce bacteriolysis, effectively eliminating strains such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus salivarius. Rhodomyrtone is suitable for research applications concerning bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance studies.
  44. Antibiotic

    Rifamycin B is an ansamycin antibiotic that primarily targets bacterial RNA polymerase, exhibiting significant anti-mycobacterial activity against pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leprosy, and various AIDS-related mycobacterial infections. Derived from the natural product of Nocardia inediterranei, Rifamycin B also serves as a precursor for the formation of Rifamycin O and Rifamycin S through microbial transformation. This compound is essential for research focused on antibiotic resistance and the treatment of mycobacterial diseases.
  45. Antibiotic

    Streptazolin is an antibiotic that enhances bacterial clearance and promotes the secretion of immunostimulatory cytokines by macrophages in vitro. It activates the macrophage NF-κB pathway through the PI3K signaling cascade, contributing to its immunomodulatory effects. This compound is valuable for research applications aimed at understanding antibiotic efficacy and macrophage behavior in immune responses.
  46. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Flucloxacillin is a β-lactam antibiotic that primarily targets bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting transpeptidation enzymes. It exhibits potent antibacterial activity against a variety of gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria, making it valuable in treating infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci. This reagent is widely utilized in microbiological studies and antibiotic susceptibility testing to evaluate bacterial resistance.
  47. Antibacterial Peptide

    D2A21 is an antibacterial peptide derived from cecropins that exhibits potent antimicrobial activity. It has a minimum cidal concentration of 21.69 μg/mL against Chlamydia trachomatis, demonstrating its effectiveness in combating bacterial infections. This peptide is valuable for research applications aimed at developing novel antimicrobial therapies and studying bacterial resistance mechanisms.
  48. Antibiotic

    Herbimycin A is an ansamycin antibiotic that serves as a potent inhibitor of Src family kinases. By binding to the SH domain, it effectively inhibits the activity of p60v-src and p210BCR-ABL, highlighting its relevance in cancer research. Additionally, Herbimycin A disrupts Hsp90 function and impedes cellular recovery from heat shock, while also demonstrating antiangiogenic properties in vitro in endothelial cells. This reagent is valuable for studies focusing on cellular stress responses and angiogenesis.
  49. Bacterial Inhibitor

    Sulfadimethoxine-d6 is a deuterated form of Sulfadimethoxine, a sulfonamide antibiotic that acts as a bacterial inhibitor by interfering with folate synthesis in pathogenic microorganisms. This reagent is primarily utilized in pharmacokinetics and metabolic studies, allowing for improved tracking of the compound in biological systems. Its deuterium labeling enhances analytical sensitivity in various applications, including drug metabolism research and isolation studies.
  50. Antibiotic

    DL-Lanthionine is an amino acid that functions as a crucial monosulfide analog of cystine. It serves as a key component in the structure of peptide antibiotics known as lantiobiotics, which include prominent members like nisin and subtilin. DL-Lanthionine is instrumental in researching antibiotic mechanisms and developing novel antimicrobial agents with therapeutic potential.

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