Endocrinology-Hormones

Small molecules play a pivotal role in Endocrinology Research. These are low molecular weight compounds that have a significant impact on the endocrine system, hormones, and their receptors. Here are some key aspects of how small molecules are involved in this field:

  • Hormone Mimetics and Inhibitors: Small molecules are used to develop synthetic compounds that mimic the actions of hormones or inhibit their effects. For example, drugs like metformin for diabetes management and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for breast cancer treatment are used to either mimic or block hormonal activity.
  • Receptor Modulation: Small molecules can bind to hormone receptors and modulate their activity. This is crucial in developing drugs that target specific hormone receptors, like the use of small molecule agonists and antagonists to regulate thyroid hormone receptors.
  • Metabolism Regulation: Endocrinology research often focuses on metabolism and how hormones like insulin regulate it. Small molecules are employed to understand and develop drugs targeting enzymes involved in metabolism, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists for diabetes treatment.
  • Steroid Hormone Production: Small molecules may be utilized to influence the production of steroid hormones in the adrenal glands or gonads. This is essential for conditions like Cushing's syndrome or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  • Hormone Assays: In laboratory research, small molecules are used as tracers or markers in hormone assays. For instance, small molecule fluorophores can be attached to antibodies to detect hormone levels in blood samples.

Drug Development: Endocrinology research relies on small molecules as potential drug candidates. Researchers design and test small molecules for their effectiveness in modulating hormonal pathways, with the goal of developing new therapies for endocrine disorders.
In summary, small molecules are indispensable tools in Endocrinology Research, enabling scientists to better understand the endocrine system's intricacies and develop novel treatments for a wide range of hormonal disorders and conditions. Their versatility and specificity make them valuable assets in advancing our knowledge of endocrinology and improving patient care.


Endocrinology Disease Products


Endocrinology Research Products

Kisspeptin Receptor

Leptin Receptors

Melanocortin (MC) Receptors

Mineralocorticoid Receptors

Ghrelin Receptors

Natriuretic Peptide Receptors

NPY Receptors

Motilin Receptor

PTH Receptor

Items 151-200 of 1754

Page
per page
Set Descending Direction
Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
  1. GnRH antagonist

    Relugolix is a novel, non-peptide, orally active gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist with IC50 of 0.33 nM in the presence of 40% fetal bovine serum, TAK-385 possesses higher affinity and potent antagonistic activity compared with TAK-013.
  2. Cortisone is a naturally occurring glucocorticoid. It has been used in replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Cortisone itself is inactive. It is converted in the liver to the active metabolite HYDROCORTISONE.
  3. GnRH/LHRH receptor agonist

    Leuprorelin is a Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, LHRH) receptor agonist. Suppresses estradiol, LH and FSH serum levels and represses the growth of experimental rat endometriosis.
  4. GnRH agonist

    Nafarelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) which acts as an analog of GnRH.
  5. Gestrinone (R2323) is a synthetic steroid hormone used to treat endometriosis. It inhibits leiomyoma cells with an IC50 of 43.67 μM.
  6. selective Estrogen receptor modulator

    Lasofoxifene tartrate is a third-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator.
  7. glucocorticoid receptor agonist

    Beclometasone, also known as Beclomethasone, is an anti-inflammatory, synthetic glucocorticoid. It is used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent and in aerosol form for the treatment of asthma.
  8. Norethindrone acetate is used in combination with estrogen as a contraceptive (oral). It is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.
  9. 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor

    Epristeride is a selective and specific uncompetitive inhibitor of human steroid 5 alpha-reductase isoform 2.
  10. Flurandrenolide is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Flurandrenolide exerts its effects by interacting with specific cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently activates glucocorticoid receptor mediated gene expression.
  11. GnRH antagonist

    Cetrorelix acetate is a synthetic decapeptide with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic activity used in infertility treatment. The IC50 of 1.21 nM.
  12. FFA4/GPR120 agonist

    TUG-891 is a potent and selective agonist of the free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120), which demonstrates both potential opportunity and possible challenges to therapeutic agonism.
  13. Glucocorticoid receptor agonist

    GW-870086 is a potent anti-inflammatory agent, acting as a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, with a pIC50 of 10.1 in A549 cells expressing NF-κB.
  14. RORγ inverse agonist

    XY101 is a potent, selective, metabolically stable and orally available RORγ inverse agonist with an IC50 of 30 nM and a Kd of 380 nM.
  15. OC2 inhibitor

    CSRM617 is an inhibitor of the transcription factor ONECUT2 (OC2), thereby suppressing metastasis in mice.

  16. glucocorticoid receptor agonist

    Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) is a prodrug of Dexamethasone, which is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) has a 47-fold lower affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor than Dexamethasone. Anti-inflammatory agent.
  17. Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist

    OP-3633 is a Potent Steroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist with Enhanced Selectivity against the Progesterone and Androgen Receptors (IC50 = 29 nM).
  18. aromatase inhibitor

    Alpha-Naphthoflavone is a synthetic flavonoid, acts as a potent and competitive aromatase inhibitor with an IC50 and a Ki of 0.5 and 0.2 μM, respectively.
  19. EBI2 (GPR183) receptor antagonist

    NIBR189 is a small molecule antagonist of the Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2; GPR183) receptor with IC50 of 16 nM(Binding) and 11 nM (Functional).
  20. Androgen Receptor antagonist

    EPI-001 is an antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR) that acts by binding covalently to the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the AR and blocking protein-protein interactions required for transcriptional activity of the AR and its splice variants (IC50 for inhibition of AR NTD transactivation ?? 6 μM)
  21. estrogen receptor downregulator and antagonist

    AZD9496 is a potent and orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor downregulator and antagonist.
  22. Estrogen receptor degrader

    Brilanestrant (GDC-0810, ARN-810??? is a potent ER-α binder (ER-α, IC50 = 6.1 nM; ER-β, IC50 = 8.8 nM), a full transcriptional antagonist with no agonism and displays good potency and efficacy in ER-α degradation (EC50 = 0.7 nM) and MCF-7 breast cancer cell viability (IC50 = 2.5 nM) assays with good selectivity over other nuclear hormone receptors.
  23. GnRH agonist

    Goserelin is a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity.
  24. SERD/SERM

    RAD1901 is an orally available, selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), with potential antineoplastic and estrogen-like activities.
  25. GnRH agonist

    Triptorelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) used as the acetate or pamoate salts.
  26. Versipelostatin is a novel GRP78/Bip molecular chaperone down-regulator of microbial origin that was isolated from the metabolite of Streptomyces versipellis strain 4083-SVS6.
  27. PXR agonist

    SR-12813 is a pregnane X receptor (PXR) agonist.
  28. progesterone receptor ligand

    Hydroxyprogesterone caproate is a synthetic, steroidal progestin; an ester derivative of 17?α-hydroxyprogesterone formed from caproic acid.
  29. Protirelin is a thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor used to treat hypothyroidism.
  30. Progesterone Receptor Agonist

    Desogestrel is a synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents.
  31. GPR139 antagonist

    NCRW0005-F05, first antagonist selective for GPR139 (IC50 value 0.21 uM); a useful tool to study GPR139 pharmacology, especially in combination with the GPR139 agonist JNJ 63533054.
  32. RORγ modulator

    RORγ modulator 1 is a retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORy) modulator, extracted from patent WO/2015061515 A1, example 124.
  33. Endoxifen (E-isomer hydrochloride) is a tamoxifen metabolite and potent Selective Estrogen Response Modifier (SERM).
  34. angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist

    Azilsartan medoxomil is an orally administered angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist with IC50 of 0.62 nM, which used in the treatment of adults with essential hypertension.
  35. Chlormadinone acetate is a steroidal progestin with additional antiandrogen and antigonadotropic effects, used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive.
  36. Chlorotrianisene is a synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen.
  37. Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) is a corticosteroid.
  38. glucocorticoid receptor agonist

    Dexamethasone acetate (Dexamethasone 21-acetate) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist.
  39. GPR35/CXCR8 agonist

    Kynurenic acid, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8.
  40. MI-136 inhibits DHT-induced expression of androgen receptor (AR) target genes.
  41. selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

    Tamoxifen (ICI 47699) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which blocks estrogen action in breast cells and can activate estrogen activity in other cells, such as bone, liver, and uterine cells.
  42. Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol) is a form of vitamin D, used as a vitamin D supplement.
  43. GPR55 antagonist

    CID16020046 is a selective GPR55 antagonist, inhibiting GPR55 constitutive activity with IC50 of 0.15 μM in yeast. It demonstrates weak activity against a broad spectrum of other GPCRs, ion channels, kinases, and nuclear receptor.
  44. RORγ agonist

    LYC-55716 is novel oral RAR-related orphan receptor γ (RORγ) agonist.
  45. androgen receptor modulator (SARM)

    LY2452473 is an orally bioavailable selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), with potential tissue-selective androgenic/anti-androgenic activity.
  46. ACE2 inhibitor

    MLN-4760 is an angiotensin-converting (ACE2) inhibitor. In huMNCs, MLN-4760-B detected 63% ACE2 with 28-fold selectivity over ACE.
  47. Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist

    Esaxerenone, also known as CS-3150, XL-550, is a nonsteroidal antimineralocorticoid that acts as a highly selective silent antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), the receptor for aldosterone, with greater than 1,000-fold selectivity for this receptor over other steroid hormone receptors, and 4-fold and 76-fold higher affinity for the MR relative to the existing antimineralocorticoids spironolactone and eplerenone.
  48. RORγt inhibitor

    AGN-242428, also known as VTP-43742, is a potent, selective and orally active RORγt inhibitor for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis and psoriasis.
  49. synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist

    Methylprednisolone succinate is a synthetic glucocorticoid and widely used as an anti-inflammatory agent.
  50. ER antagonist

    Fulvestrant S enantiomer is the S enantiomer of Fulvestrant. Fulvestrant is a selective estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist which can be used to treat breast cancer.

Items 151-200 of 1754

Page
per page
Set Descending Direction