Metabolism

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  1. ACLY inhibitor

    NDI-091143 is a potent and high-affinity human ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.1 nM (ADP-Glo assay), a Ki of 7.0 nM and a Kd of 2.2 nM.
  2. CK1 inhibitor

    CKI-7 is a potent and ATP-competitive casein kinase 1 (CK1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 6 μM and a Ki of 8.5 μM.CKI-7 is a selective Cdc7 kinase inhibitor.
  3. PPARγ agonist

    Sipoglitazar, also known as TAK-654, is a PPARγ agonist potentially for the treatment of diabetes.
  4. Hnps-PLA Inhibitor

    MDK-8582, also known as Hnps-PLA Inhibitor, is an inhibitor of human nonpancreatic secretory Phospholipase A (hnps-PLA). The best one inhibited hnps-PLA(2) and LTA(4)H-h with IC(50) values of 9.2 ± 0.5 μM and 2.4 ± 1.4 μM, respectively.
  5. CRM1-selective inhibitor

    Selinexor trans-isomer is a trans-isomer of Selinexor or KPT-330, which is a CRM1-selective inhibitor of nuclear export. It inhibits protein trafficking from the nucleus and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in mesothelioma cells.
  6. PDE10A inhibitor

    THPP-1, a SGC chemical probe, is a potent and orally bioavailable phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitor, with Ki values of 1 nM and 1.3 nM for human and rat PDE10A, respectively. THPP-1 has excellent pharmacokinetic properties in preclinical species.
  7. Potassium Channel inhibitor

    Acecainide, also known as N-acetylprocainamide and ASL 601, is the N-acetylated metabolite of procainamide. Acecainide is a Class III antiarrhythmic agent. It can be given either intravenously or orally, and is eliminated primarily by renal excretion.
  8. CYP51 inhibitor

    SDZ285428 is a CYP51 inhibitor.
  9. α-glucosidase inhibitor

    Butyl isobutyl phthalate is isolated from the rhizoid of Laminaria japonica. Butyl isobutyl phthalate is a non-competitive α-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 38 μM.
  10. sEH inhibitor

    1-Cyclohexyl-3-dodecyl urea (CDU; N-Cyclohexyl-N-dodecyl urea; NCND) is a highly selective soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor.
  11. NSC-703786 (5F-203) is a cytotoxic molecule that forms DNA adducts leading to cell death. NSC-703786 induces aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, and elevates expression of CYP1A1. Treatment of cells with NSC-703786 also leads to elevation of reactive oxygen species and activation of p38, JNK and ERK.
  12. PAI-1 inhibitor

    TM5007 is a poent inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with IC50 of 29 uM.
  13. α-glucosidase inhibitory activities

    Tangshenoside I, isolated from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata, exhibits weak α-glucosidase inhibitory activities in vitro with an IC50 of 1.4 mM.
  14. Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L13 Human Recombinant
  15. Mitochondrial RRNA Methyltransferase 1 Human Recombinant
  16. Serine/Threonine Kinase 16, Mouse Anti Human
  17. 5',3'-Nucleotidase, Mitochondrial Human Recombinant
  18. Serum/Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinase 1 Human Recombinant
  19. Mitochondrial Trans-2-Enoyl-CoA Reductase Human Recombinant
  20. Serine/Threonine Kinase 16 Human Recombinant
  21. Serine/Threonine Kinase 17B Human Recombinant
  22. Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 Human Recombinant
  23. Serine/Threonine Kinase 17A Human Recombinant
  24. 3-Oxoacyl-ACP Synthase, Mitochondrial Human Recombinant
  25. EP6

    5-LO Inhibitor

    EP6 is a selective 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor that exhibits potent anti-tumor activity. It effectively reduces the viability of various tumor cell lines while demonstrating a lack of mutagenic properties. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on cancer therapy and the modulation of inflammatory pathways.
  26. PROTAC Nampt Degrader

    Nampt degrader-2 is a potent PROTAC designed to target and degrade nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor NAMPT with an IC50 of 41.9 nM. By forming a ternary complex with NAMPT and VHL, it effectively induces degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This compound significantly reduces NAD+ levels and demonstrates remarkable antitumor activity, making it a valuable tool for cancer research and therapeutic exploration.
  27. PROTAC HSP90 Degrader

    PROTAC HSP90 Degrader BP3 is a selective agent designed for targeted degradation of Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) through a CRBN-dependent mechanism. This compound effectively degrades HSP90 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, with a DC50 value of 0.99 µM, and demonstrates significant inhibition of cell growth. Additionally, BP3 features an alkyne group that enables it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc), making it a versatile tool for advanced chemical biology applications.
  28. IDH1 Inhibitor

    GSK321 is a potent and selective inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), showing IC50 values of 2.9, 3.8, 4.6, and 46 nM for the R132G, R132C, R132H, and wild-type IDH1 variants, respectively, with over 100-fold selectivity for IDH2. This compound effectively reduces intracellular levels of α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG), disrupts the myeloid differentiation block, and promotes granulocytic differentiation in leukemic blasts and stem-like cells. GSK321 is valuable for research on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and various other malignancies.
  29. AHR Agonist

    Indole-3-pyruvic acid is an orally active agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). This compound exhibits antioxidant properties and is valuable for research into inflammation and anxiety-related pathways. Its role as an AHR modulator makes it a significant tool for studying the physiological effects of this receptor in various biological contexts.
  30. Endogenous Metabolite

    Ergothioneine is an endogenous metabolite that acts as a potent antioxidant. It functions primarily as a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK and Akt, which are critical signaling pathways involved in cellular stress responses. Ergothioneine is utilized in research focused on neuroprotection, cell apoptosis, and oxidative stress, making it a valuable compound for investigations into cellular resilience and health.
  31. PPARγ Agonist

    Ciglitazone is a potent and selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), with an EC50 of 3 μM. It effectively inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of Th17 cells and serves as a hypoglycemic agent in obese-hyperglycemic animal models. Additionally, Ciglitazone promotes apoptosis through the activation of p38 MAPK and facilitates the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in opossum kidney (OK) renal epithelial cells, making it a valuable tool for research in metabolic and renal diseases.
  32. Secondary Metabolite

    Atranorin is a secondary metabolite derived from lichens that acts as an AKT inhibitor. This compound demonstrates a wide range of biological activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycation, analgesic, and anti-tumor effects. Notably, Atranorin has IC50 values of 117 μM for scavenging DPPH free radicals and less than 10 μM for ABTS radicals, highlighting its potent antioxidant capacity. Additionally, Atranorin promotes wound healing and can be utilized in research focused on myelodysplastic syndromes, tumors, and various inflammatory conditions.
  33. Kinases PROTAC

    DB1113 is a bifunctional compound designed for targeted protein degradation of various kinases. It effectively induces degradation of ABL1, ABL2, BLK, CDK4, CDK11B, EPHA3, MAPK7, RIPK1, and others, facilitating the investigation of kinase-related signaling pathways. DB1113 is suitable for research focusing on diseases or disorders associated with dysregulated kinase activity, providing a valuable tool for exploring therapeutic interventions in cancer and other conditions.
  34. RNA RIBOTAC Degrader

    Dovitinib-RIBOTAC TFA is a targeted RNA RIBOTAC degrader that specifically binds to and degrades pre-miR-21. This compound demonstrates significant anti-tumor activity and effectively inhibits breast cancer metastasis. It serves as a valuable tool for research involving RNA-targeted degradation and its implications in cancer biology.
  35. PROTAC IDO1 Degrader

    PROTAC IDO1 Degrader-1 is a novel compound targeting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) through the engagement of Cereblon E3 ligase, facilitating its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. With a reported DC50 of 2.84 μM, this degrader enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of HER2 CAR-T cells, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer immunotherapy and targeted degradation methods. Its ability to modulate IDO1 levels opens avenues for investigations into metabolic regulation and tumor microenvironment interactions.
  36. Natural Retinoid

    9-cis-Retinal is a natural retinoid that serves as a crucial signaling molecule in visual processes. It is produced from dietary 9-cis-β-carotene through enzymatic cleavage. This compound exhibits high-affinity binding to cellular retinol-binding proteins CRBP-I and CRBP-II, with dissociation constants of 8 nM and 5 nM, respectively. 9-cis-Retinal plays a significant role in promoting differentiation and maturation of rod photoreceptors in retinal organoid models, making it valuable for research in vision science and photoreceptor development.
  37. RAR Agonist

    EC23 is a retinoid analogue that acts as a retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonist. This compound prompts neuronal differentiation, making it a valuable tool for studying neurodevelopmental processes and related disorders. Its stability enhances its suitability for various biological assays and research applications in the field of neurobiology.
  38. Anti-aging Peptide

    Acetyltetrapeptide 11 is a bioactive peptide recognized for its anti-aging properties. It functions by promoting collagen synthesis and enhancing skin elasticity, making it valuable in cosmetic formulations aimed at reducing signs of aging. Its application extends to skincare products where it aids in rejuvenating and revitalizing the skin.
  39. Human Endogenous Metabolite

    Estradiol (β-Estradiol) is a steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. Estradiol can up-regulate the expression of neural markers of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and promote their neural differentiation. Estradiol can be used for the research of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering.
  40. Dopamine Precursor

    L-DOPA (Levodopa) is an orally active metabolic precursor of neurotransmitters dopamine. L-DOPA can cross the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine in the brain. L-DOPA has anti-allodynic effects and the potential for Parkinson's disease.
  41. SIRT Inhibitor

    Nicotinamide is a form of vitamin B3 or niacin. Nicotinamide Hydrochloride inhibits SIRT2 activity (IC50: 2 μM). Nicotinamide also inhibits SIRT1. Nicotinamide increases cellular NAD+, ATP, ROS levels. Nicotinamide inhibits tumor growth and improves survival. Nicotinamide also has anti-HBV activity.
  42. Endogenous Glucocorticoids

    Corticosterone (17-Deoxycortisol) is an orally active and adrenal cortex-produced glucocorticoid, which plays an important role in regulating neuronal functions of the limbic system (including hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala). Corticosterone increases the Rab-mediated AMPAR membrane traffic via SGK-induced phosphorylation of GDI. Corticosterone also interferes with the maturation of dendritic cells and shows a good immunosuppressive effect.
  43. Monounsaturated Fatty Acid

    Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator.
  44. omega-3 Fatty Acid

    Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid abundantly present brain and retina. It can be obtained directly from fish oil and maternal milk.
  45. ATP

    Endogenous Metabolite

    ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
  46. Mitochondrial ROS Indicator

    MitoSOX Red is a live cell fluorescent probe that specifically targets mitochondria and is cell membrane permeable. MitoSOX Red enters mitochondria and is oxidized by superoxide but not by other ROS or RNS generating systems. The oxidized MitoSOX Red then binds to nucleic acids in mitochondria/nucleus, producing strong red fluorescence. MitoSOX Red can be used as a fluorescent indicator to specifically detect superoxide. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) can prevent the oxidation of MitoSOX Red. Excitation/emission wavelength: 510/580 nm.
  47. Antibiotic/Ionophorous Agent

    Monactin is a mactrotetralide antibiotic and a non-selective ionophore for monovalent cations, including potassium, sodium, and lithium. Monactin is isolated from Streptomyces and has antiproliferative activity.
  48. PDE Inhibitor

    Theophylline, a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, primarily targets PDE3, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle and enhanced bronchodilation. This compound also functions as an adenosine receptor antagonist and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by elevating IL-10 levels and inhibiting NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. Additionally, Theophylline has been shown to induce apoptosis in certain cell types. Its applications are particularly relevant in the research of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  49. Topoisomerase IV Inhibitor

    Ciprofloxacin is a potent topoisomerase IV inhibitor that demonstrates significant antibacterial activity as a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It induces both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Ciprofloxacin exhibits anti-proliferative properties and triggers apoptotic pathways, making it a valuable tool for research applications focused on bacterial infections, oxidative stress, and cancer biology.
  50. Phospholipase C Inhibitor, Angiogenesis Modulator

    Neomycin sulfate is a phospholipase C inhibitor that modulates angiogenesis through its influence on calcium signaling pathways. This aminoglycoside antibiotic disrupts bacterial protein synthesis by binding irreversibly to the 30S ribosomal subunit. In addition to its antibacterial properties, neomycin sulfate effectively inhibits angiogenin-mediated nuclear translocation, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. It also disrupts inositol trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated calcium release and electrical excitation-evoked calcium transients in skeletal muscle. Neomycin sulfate is utilized in cancer research and studies related to calcium signaling and angiogenesis.

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