Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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PPAR Activator
17(S)-HDHA is a pro-resolving mediator that functions as a partial activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), specifically PPARγ, PPARα, and PPARδ. Its biological activity is linked to the resolution of inflammation and modulation of metabolic processes. This compound is utilized in research to explore the roles of PPAR activation in anti-inflammatory responses and metabolic regulation. -
PPAR Agonist
PPARα/γ agonist 5 is a dual agonist targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma, demonstrating notable biological activity at low concentrations. With EC50 values of 0.358 μM and 1.21 μM for PPARα and PPARγ, respectively, this compound shows promise in addressing type 2 diabetes and lipid metabolism disorders. Its potent efficacy supports its potential application in clinical development for metabolic health research. -
PPARα/δ Agonist
(E/Z)-Elafibranor (also known as (E/Z)-GFT505) is a dual agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha (PPARα) and delta (PPARδ), exhibiting EC50 values of 45 nM and 175 nM, respectively. This compound plays a significant role in lipid metabolism and inflammation modulation, making it valuable for research in metabolic disorders, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Its ability to simultaneously target multiple pathways positions (E/Z)-Elafibranor as a promising candidate for therapeutic interventions in metabolic diseases. -
PPARγ Agonist
17-Oxo-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-docosapentaenoic acid serves as a PPARγ agonist, primarily impacting inflammatory processes. This electrophilic oxo-derivative of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is produced in activated macrophages through a COX-2-catalyzed mechanism during inflammation. Its biological activity includes modulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and reduction of nitric oxide synthesis, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory properties. This compound is particularly valuable for research applications focused on inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders. -
PPARα/PPARδ Agonist
GW 2433 is a dual agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha (PPARα) and delta (PPARδ). This compound exhibits the ability to enhance fatty acid uptake and metabolism, making it relevant for research in type II diabetes and dyslipidemia. It provides valuable insights into metabolic regulation and potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders. -
PPAR-α Agonist
ZINC17167211 is a potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) with an EC50 of 0.16 nM. This compound is valuable for investigating metabolic disorders such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, as well as inflammatory diseases. Its ability to activate PPAR-α makes it a useful tool for exploring therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating lipid metabolism and inflammation. -
PPAR-γ Inhibitor
(±)-CBCQ is a potent inhibitor of PPAR-γ, exhibiting an EC50 value of 14.7 μM. This compound is of interest in research investigating the modulation of metabolic pathways and the potential therapeutic effects in obesity and diabetes. Its ability to interact with PPAR-γ makes it a valuable tool for studying the receptor's role in gene expression and lipid metabolism. -
PPARγ Agonist
4-Oxo Docosahexaenoic Acid is a potent PPARγ agonist with notable antiproliferative properties. This compound effectively inhibits the growth of several triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, such as MDA-MB-231 and BT549, at concentrations of 50-100 μM, although it shows increased proliferation in MCF-7 cells. It covalently binds to PPARγ, activating gene transcription, as demonstrated in luciferase reporter assays and dendritic cells, with an EC50 of approximately 8-16 μM. This makes 4-Oxo DHA a valuable tool for research into cancer biology and PPARγ-associated pathways. -
PPARα/γ Agonist
TZD18 is a potent dual agonist of PPARα and PPARγ, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.028 µM and 0.057 µM, respectively, while showing minimal activity toward PPARδ (>10 µM). This compound effectively reduces plasma glucose and triglyceride levels in diabetic mouse models. TZD18 holds promise for research into type 2 diabetes and related metabolic disorders. -
PPAR Agonist
AVE-8134 is a potent agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). It exhibits an EC50 of 100 nM for the human PPARα receptor and 3000 nM for the rodent counterpart. This compound is used in research applications focused on metabolic regulation, lipid metabolism, and the modulation of inflammatory processes, making it a valuable tool for studies related to cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. -
PPAR α/γ Agonist
CAY10514 is a dual agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα) and γ (PPARγ), exhibiting IC50 values of 0.173 μM and 0.642 μM, respectively. This compound is derived from 8(S)-HETE and demonstrates significant biological activity in modulating metabolic processes. CAY10514 is utilized in research applications related to metabolic disorders, obesity, and insulin sensitivity. -
PPAR-α Agonist
ZINC08438472 is a selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), demonstrating an EC50 value of 12.1 nM. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, making it a valuable tool in research focused on diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and inflammatory disorders. Its potent action on PPAR-α pathways offers potential insights into lipid metabolism and related therapeutics. -
PPARα/PPARγ Activator
GW409544 is a highly potent activator of both PPARα and PPARγ, exhibiting EC50 values of 2.3 nM and 0.28 nM, respectively. This compound plays a significant role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. GW409544 is instrumental for research investigating mechanisms underlying metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, providing insights into potential therapeutic approaches. -
PPARγ Agonist
CLX-0921 is an orally active PPARγ agonist, with an IC50 of 1.54 μM. It exhibits potent antihyperglycemic activity, making it a valuable tool for research in type 2 diabetes. This compound aids in the investigation of metabolic regulation and related therapeutic strategies in glucose homeostasis. -
PPARα Agonist
N-Octadecyl-N'-propyl-sulfamide is a selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), demonstrating an EC50 of 100 nM. As an analog of oleoylethanolamide (OEA), it activates PPARα, playing a critical role in lipid and glucose metabolism. In animal models, the compound significantly reduces food intake and body weight gain, with a notable effect observed in both free-feeding Wistar rats and obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats, particularly at doses of 1 mg/kg. Additionally, a dose of 10 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally effectively inhibits appetite and lowers plasma triglyceride levels. -
PPARα Agonist
NS-220 is a potent and selective agonist of PPARα, exhibiting an EC50 value of 1.9 × 10^-8 M for PPARα, while demonstrating significantly lower affinity for PPARγ and PPARδ (9.6 × 10^-6 M and >10^-4 M, respectively). This compound is instrumental in research focused on hyperlipidemia and metabolic disorders associated with type-2 diabetes, aiding in the exploration of therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. -
PPARα/γ/δ Agonist
PPARα/γ/δ Agonist 1 is a potent agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α, γ, and δ, exhibiting an IC50 of 70 nM for PPARγ. This compound is primarily utilized in research focused on type 2 diabetes, facilitating studies on metabolic regulation and potential therapeutic strategies. Its ability to activate multiple PPAR subtypes makes it a valuable tool for investigating lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. -
PPARgamma Activator
BM152054 is a potent PPARgamma activator that enhances insulin action and promotes glucose utilization in peripheral tissues. This compound is crucial for research focused on metabolic disorders and diabetes, offering insights into the regulatory mechanisms of lipid and glucose metabolism. Its ability to modulate PPARgamma activity makes it a valuable tool for investigating therapeutic strategies targeting insulin sensitivity and metabolic health. -
PPAR Modulator
PPARα-MO-1 is a potent modulator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), contributing to lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. This compound has potential applications in the study of metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes, by regulating gene expression involved in fatty acid oxidation and inflammation. It serves as an important tool for researchers investigating the role of PPARα in metabolic pathways and therapeutic strategies. -
AhR Activator
ANI-7 is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activator that exhibits significant cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. It selectively inhibits the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells with a GI50 of 0.56 μM. ANI-7 activates the AhR pathway, leading to the induction of CYP1-metabolizing mono-oxygenases, DNA damage, kinase activation, and S-phase cell cycle arrest, ultimately resulting in cell death in sensitive breast cancer cell lines. -
JNK/CYP Inhibitor
JNK-IN-14 is a potent inhibitor of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) family, demonstrating IC50 values of 1.81 nM for JNK1, 12.7 nM for JNK2, and 10.5 nM for JNK3. This compound effectively induces early apoptosis and causes cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Additionally, JNK-IN-14 exhibits a modest inhibition of beclin-1 expression in K562 leukemia cells, indicating its potential application in cancer research and therapeutic strategies targeting JNK signaling pathways. -
INK Inhibitor
SET-171 is a selective JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor that demonstrates notable anticancer properties and regulation of lipid metabolism through the suppression of liver pyruvate kinase (PKL) expression. In vitro studies reveal IC50 values of 8.82 μM and 2.97 μM against HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines, respectively, showcasing its potent cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, SET-171 has been shown to significantly decrease triacylglycerol (TAG) levels and inhibit steatosis-related protein expression, highlighting its potential utility in the study of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). -
Anti-Inflammatory Agent
Rhamnocitrin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent that targets the STIM-1, NFATc3, and MAPK pathways. It effectively scavenges free radicals and exhibits a specific inhibitory effect on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in vascular endothelial cells and neurons. Through upregulation of miR-185, Rhamnocitrin inhibits STIM-1-mediated store-operated calcium entry, which prevents NFATc3 translocation to the nucleus and reduces the expression of downstream inflammatory factors. Additionally, it induces heme oxygenase HO-1 expression and modulates the ERK/p38 MAPK pathway, mitigating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. Rhamnocitrin is suitable for research focused on endothelial-related inflammatory diseases and neuroprotection. -
Substrate For ALDH, Precursor Compound for Phenolic Compounds
3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde serves as a substrate for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and acts as a precursor for diverse phenolic compounds, including Protocatechuic aldehyde. This compound exhibits vasculoprotective properties, demonstrating potential in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Research applications primarily focus on its role in atherosclerosis, making it a valuable reagent for biochemical investigations related to cardiovascular health. -
Cellotriose Analog
4-Nitrophenyl β-D-Cellobioside is a cellotriose analog primarily targeted by β-glucosidases, including TxGH116 and ThCel7B. This compound serves as a substrate in enzymatic assays to evaluate cellulase activity through the hydrolysis process, resulting in the release of p-nitrophenol (PNP). Its utility in research applications includes the study of cellulose degradation and enzyme kinetics, contributing valuable insights into carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme specificity. -
Red Fluorescent Probe
DDAO is a red fluorescent probe designed for near-infrared (NIR) applications, featuring tunable excitation wavelengths ranging from 600 to 650 nm and an emission wavelength of 656 nm. This compound is effective for the detection of various enzyme activities, including β-galactosidase, sulfatase, protein phosphatase 2A, carboxylesterase 2, human albumin, and esterases. DDAO is a valuable tool for biological research and enzyme activity assays, facilitating sensitive detection and analysis in diverse experimental settings. -
Endogenous Metabolite
p-Nitrophenyl phosphorylcholine serves as a chromogenic substrate for assessing phospholipase C (PLC) activity. The hydrolysis of this compound by PLC yields p-nitrophenol, which can be quantified spectrophotometrically at 405 nm, under optimal conditions of pH 7.2-7.5. This reagent is valuable for studies involving lipid signaling pathways and enzyme kinetics in biochemical research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N-Decanoyl p-Nitroaniline is a substrate for fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), enabling the quantification of this enzyme's activity. FAAH, which exhibits broad substrate specificity, hydrolyzes various fatty acid amides, including those with shorter carbon chains. Upon hydrolysis of N-Decanoyl p-Nitroaniline, the release of the chromogenic p-nitroaniline dye allows for sensitive and rapid assessment of FAAH activity via spectrophotometric analysis in a 96-well format. This compound is useful for research involving endocannabinoid signaling and metabolic regulation. -
Fluorescent Dye
3-Acetylumbelliferyl β-D-Glucopyranoside serves as a fluorogenic substrate specifically for β-glucosidase, facilitating the detection of enzymatic activity through fluorescence. This compound is valuable as a positive control in assays involving β-D-glucosidase, enabling researchers to evaluate enzyme function and activity in various biological systems. Its application in fluorescence-based assays enhances the understanding of β-glucosidase involvement in numerous biological processes. -
Fluorescent Dye
4-Methylumbelliferyl Decanoate is a fluorogenic substrate primarily utilized for monitoring the hydrolytic activity of carboxylesterases. When cleaved by these enzymes, it emits fluorescence, facilitating the detection and quantification of enzyme activity in biological samples. This reagent is instrumental in studies involving drug metabolism, enzyme kinetics, and the functional characterization of esterases in various biological systems. -
MAO-A Inhibitor
Azure B is a potent and selective reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), exhibiting IC50 values of 11 nM for recombinant human MAO-A and 968 nM for MAO-B. As the major metabolite of Methylene blue, Azure B plays a crucial role in the synthesis of Azure eosin stains, commonly used for blood smear staining. This compound also demonstrates significant antidepressant-like effects, making it a valuable reagent for research in neuropharmacology and the study of mood disorders. -
Golgi Apparatus Probe
BODIPY TR Ceramide is a Golgi apparatus probe that targets ceramide transport pathways to facilitate specific labeling of the Golgi apparatus. This BODIPY-labeled ceramide derivative is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and utilizes ceramide transport protein (CERT) or vesicular translocation for localization. BODIPY TR Ceramide enables visualization of individual cells, making it a valuable tool for studying Golgi morphology and function. The excitation and emission wavelengths are 589 nm and 616 nm, respectively. -
Golgi Apparatus Fluorescent Probe
C6 NBD Ceramide is a fluorescent probe targeting the Golgi apparatus, characterized by its permeability across cell membranes. This compound enables rapid green fluorescent labeling of the Golgi in both living and fixed cells, allowing researchers to observe morphological changes in real-time. C6 NBD Ceramide is metabolized to fluorescent sphingomyelin and glucosylceramide, making it a valuable tool for studying sphingolipid transport and metabolic mechanisms. The excitation/emission wavelengths are 466 nm and 536 nm, respectively. -
CYP2D6 Substrate
3-Methoxyphenylethylamine is a substrate for cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6), playing a crucial role in drug metabolism. It is commonly used in research to investigate the metabolic pathways and enzyme interactions involving CYP2D6, making it valuable for studies on pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions. Additionally, this compound serves as an important intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other organic materials, furthering its applications in chemical research. -
RAR Agonist
DC271 is a potent RAR agonist that functions as a retinoid, stimulating cellular responses similar to those of endogenous retinoic acid (ATRA) and the synthetic retinoid EC23. By binding to retinoid protein machinery such as CRABPII, DC271 facilitates the translocation of ATRA into the nucleus, enhancing retinoid signaling pathways. This compound is valuable for research applications involving gene expression regulation, differentiation, and cellular growth in various biological contexts. -
Naloxone Fluorescent Derivative
Naloxone fluorescein acetate is a fluorescent derivative of Naloxone, an opioid antagonist that serves as a critical antidote for reversing opioid overdose effects. This compound enables the visualization of Naloxone's pharmacological activity in biological systems through fluorescent detection. Key applications for this reagent include opioid research, overdose studies, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies in addiction and pain management. -
Fluorochrome
DDAO phosphate diammonium is a fluorescent phosphatase substrate that serves as a sensitive probe for enzyme activity. With tunable excitation wavelengths ranging from 600 to 650 nm and a long emission wavelength of 656 nm, it facilitates the detection of various enzymes including β-galactosidase, sulfatase, protein phosphatase 2A, carboxylesterase 2, human albumin, and esterase. This reagent is ideal for applications in enzymology and biochemistry research, enabling real-time monitoring of enzyme activities in different biological systems. -
TrxR Fuorescence Probe
Seph-PAO is a modified para-aminooxyphenyl (PAO) compound conjugated with a sepharose fluorophore, designed to selectively detect thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). This fluorescence probe demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity, facilitating the study of TrxR activity in various biological systems. Researchers can employ Seph-PAO in investigations of oxidative stress, redox signaling, and the role of TrxR in cellular processes. -
Carboxylesterase Substrate, Mitochondria Targeting Agent
CEMT is a selective substrate for carboxylesterases, functioning as a ratiometric two-photon fluorescent reporter probe. Upon hydrolysis by carboxylesterases, CEMT generates HMT, which facilitates mitochondrial pH sensing through ratiometric fluorescence changes in response to pH fluctuations. This compound specifically targets and covalently binds to mitochondria, minimizing leakage during acidification, thereby enabling in situ imaging of mitochondrial dynamics and pH variations within biological systems. -
CYP1B1
CYP1B1-IN-6 is a selective inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP1B1. This compound demonstrates the ability to inhibit CYP1B1 activity, making it useful for tumor identification in fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging modalities. CYP1B1-IN-6 can assist in research applications focused on cancer diagnostics and the investigation of metabolic processes involving CYP1B1. -
ALOX12-ACC1 interaction inhibitor
IMA-1 is an inhibitor of the interaction between arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1). This compound has demonstrated significant efficacy in blocking the progression of diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in male mice and crab-eating monkeys, while not inducing hyperlipidemia. IMA-1 serves as a valuable tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms and potential treatments for NASH. -
Herbicide
Sethoxydim is a postemergent herbicide that specifically targets acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) activity in plants. By inhibiting this key enzyme, Sethoxydim effectively disrupts fatty acid biosynthesis, leading to the control of various grass weeds in a range of crop systems. This compound is widely utilized in agricultural research to study herbicide resistance mechanisms and weed management strategies. -
Herbicide
Haloxyfop is an aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicide that primarily targets acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2) in corn seedling chloroplasts, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.5 μM. This compound effectively controls grass weeds in broad-leaf crops, making it a valuable tool in agricultural research. Its selective action enhances studies on herbicide resistance and crop management strategies. -
Herbicide
Quizalofop is a selective herbicide that targets acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), leading to the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis in plants. This compound is instrumental in agricultural research and can be utilized to screen EMS mutated microalgae, facilitating investigations aimed at enhancing microalgae biofuel production efficiency.
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Herbicide
Quizalofop-P is a selective herbicide that targets the inhibition of cellular fatty acid synthesis in plants. It is effectively absorbed through the leaves and stems of weed species, leading to upward and downward translocation and accumulation in meristematic regions. This compound induces necrosis in grass weeds while exhibiting minimal impact on dicotyledonous crops, making it a valuable tool in agricultural applications for effective weed management. -
Herbicide
Fluazifop is a selective herbicide that functions by inhibiting acetyl-CoA carboxylase, an enzyme critical for fatty acid synthesis in plants. This inhibition disrupts the growth of specific grass species while sparing broadleaf plants, making it valuable in agricultural applications for weed management. Fluazifop is particularly effective in controlling post-emergent grass weeds, contributing to improved crop yields and sustainable farming practices. -
DHFR Inhibitor
4'-DTMP is a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), exhibiting Ki values of 5.1 nM for wild-type DHFR and 34.3 nM for the L28R variant. This compound features a polar modification that enhances local interactions with the enzyme, particularly affecting the hairpin structure of the M20 loop, which is crucial for internal communication within DHFR. Due to its inhibitory effects, 4'-DTMP may also have potential applications in targeting E. coli. -
DHFR Inhibitor
1954U89 is a potent, lipid-soluble inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) with oral bioavailability. This compound demonstrates significant anticancer activity, making it a valuable tool in cancer research. Its ability to inhibit DHFR provides insights into folate metabolism and therapeutic strategies targeting rapidly proliferating cells. -
DHFR Inhibitor
WR99210 hydrochloride is a potent dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor with an IC50 of less than 0.075 nM. This compound exhibits significant antiparasitic activity, demonstrating efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum strains and Toxoplasma gondii. WR99210 hydrochloride serves as a valuable tool in research focused on parasitic infections and the development of new therapeutic strategies targeting DHFR. -
DHFR Inhibitor
Piritrexim is a potent dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor that demonstrates strong efficacy against Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii, with IC50 values of 0.038 and 0.011 μM, respectively. It has significant applications in AIDS research due to its ability to inhibit folate metabolism in pathogenic organisms. Additionally, Piritrexim exhibits anticancer properties, making it valuable for oncology research.
