Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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CYP2D6 Inhibitor
Guanfu base A is a potent noncompetitive inhibitor of CYP2D6, with a Ki value of 1.20 μM in human liver microsomes and 0.37 μM for the recombinant form. This antiarrhythmic alkaloid, derived from Aconitum coreanum, also exhibits competitive inhibition of CYP2D in monkey and dog microsomes, with Ki values of 0.38 μM and 2.4 μM, respectively. In addition to its CYP2D6 inhibitory activity, Guanfu base A demonstrates the ability to inhibit HERG channel current, making it relevant for studies in drug metabolism and cardiac electrophysiology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Minoxidil hydrochloride is an ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener with significant vasodilatory properties. Its primary applications include use as a potent oral antihypertensive agent and in promoting hair growth. Additionally, Minoxidil hydrochloride exhibits inhibitory activity against soybean lipoxygenase, with an IC50 value of 20 μM, making it valuable for research in cardiovascular and dermatological studies. -
CYP2D6 Inhibitor
Guanfu base A hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of the CYP2D6 enzyme, demonstrating significant potential in the management of arrhythmia-related disorders. This alkaloid exhibits inhibitory effects across various species, including humans, primates, and canines. Its ability to modulate CYP2D6 activity may provide valuable insights and therapeutic applications in pharmacology and toxicology research. -
Omeprazole Metabolite
4-Hydroxy omeprazole sulfide is a key metabolite of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole, primarily involved in modifying gastric acid secretion. This compound serves as a valuable tool in pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies of omeprazole and its effects on gastric mucosa. Its biological activity is significant for understanding drug metabolism and potential drug interactions in gastrointestinal research. -
Fungal Metabolite
Acetylaszonalenin is a prenylated indole derivative that acts as a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist. This fungal metabolite demonstrates significant inhibition of [3H]-substance P binding to human astrocytoma cells, with a Ki value of 170 μM. Acetylaszonalenin is applicable in research exploring neurokinin signaling and its role in neuroinflammation and related neurological disorders. -
5-LOX Inhibitor
5-O-Demethylnobiletin is an effective inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), exhibiting a potent IC50 of 0.1 μM without impacting COX-2 expression. This polymethoxyflavone, derived from Citrus jambhiri Lush., demonstrates notable anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production in rat neutrophils and elastase release in human neutrophils with an IC50 value of 0.35 μM. 5-O-Demethylnobiletin is valuable for research applications related to inflammation and leukotriene signaling pathways. -
5-LO Inhibitor
Enofelast (BI-L-239) is a selective inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) with an IC50 of 2.48 μM, effectively blocking calcium ionophore-induced leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production. Its ability to modulate lipid mediators makes it a valuable tool for studying inflammatory pathways and leukotriene signaling in various biological contexts. Enofelast is suitable for research applications investigating the role of 5-LO in diseases associated with inflammation and immune response. -
PA2/5-LOX/COX Inhibitor
LY256548 is a potent inhibitor of phospholipase A2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and cyclooxygenase (COX), demonstrating significant anti-ischemic and anti-inflammatory properties. This compound effectively reduces leukotriene B4 production in response to A23187 stimulation. In preclinical models, LY256548 has shown efficacy in mitigating bone damage and paw swelling in rat models of Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis (FCA), making it a valuable tool for research into inflammatory diseases and analgesic mechanisms. -
Cyclooxygenase/Lipoxygenase Inhibitor
L-652343 is a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. It effectively inhibits the production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, demonstrating an IC50 value of 1.4 μM when challenged with Calcimycin. This compound is applicable in the study of inflammatory and immune diseases, providing insights into the mechanisms of these conditions and potential therapeutic interventions. -
5-LO Inhibitor
5-LOX-IN-6 is a potent and selective inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), exhibiting reversible inhibition. It effectively reduces 5-LO activity in human neutrophils and recombinant human 5-LO with IC50 values of 0.23 µM and 0.086 µM, respectively. By inhibiting leukotriene biosynthesis, 5-LOX-IN-6 serves as a valuable tool in the study of inflammatory and allergic disorders. -
5-LOX Inhibitor
E 6080 is a specific inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.2 μM in rat basophilic leukemia cells. This compound effectively reduces leukotriene release, which is critical in the inflammatory response. E 6080 has demonstrated the ability to inhibit bronchospasm induced by antigen inhalation in sensitized guinea pigs, making it a valuable tool for asthma research and related inflammatory conditions. -
5-LOX Inhibitor
A63162 is a selective inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes. This compound effectively inhibits both mitogen-induced proliferation of horse mononuclear cells and the synthesis of leukotriene LTB4 in response to Calcimycin at equivalent concentrations. A63162 is useful in research focused on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease, offering insights into inflammatory pathways and potential therapeutic interventions. -
CETP Inhibitor
Obicetrapib is a potent cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor that effectively reduces atherogenic lipoproteins, including LDL-C, ApoB, and lipoprotein(a), while simultaneously increasing HDL-C levels. This compound is of significant interest in research related to dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), facilitating investigations into lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health outcomes. -
Muscarinic Receptor/Phospholipase C Activator
(S)-Albuterol hydrochloride is a selective muscarinic receptor activator that enhances phospholipase C activity. This compound increases intracellular free calcium levels in airway smooth muscle, making it valuable for research on respiratory physiology and pharmacology. Its ability to modulate calcium signaling pathways makes it useful for studying smooth muscle contraction and respiratory function. -
Drug Metabolite
Piribedil N-oxide is a metabolite of the dopamine receptor agonist Piribedil, primarily functioning as a drug metabolite. This compound retains the ability to interact with dopamine receptors, contributing to studies on dopamine signaling pathways and pharmacokinetics. Its characterization is essential for understanding the metabolic fate of Piribedil and its potential implications in neurological research and therapeutic applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in cholesterol homeostasis within the brain. As a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), 24S-OHC functions through a unique mechanism distinct from other allosteric modulators. Its high levels in both the brain and circulation make it a valuable tool for research into neurological functions and disorders related to cholesterol metabolism and synaptic transmission. -
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor, Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitor, Carbonic Anhydrase I/II Inhibitor, α-Glycosidase Inhibitor
Vescalagin is a hexahydroxyphenol that acts as an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, as well as carbonic anhydrases I and II, and α-glycosidase. It demonstrates potent inhibitory activity with Ki values of 5.87 nM for AChE, 3.89 nM for BChE, 11.75 nM for hCA I, 16.23 nM for hCA II, and 16.08 nM for α-glycosidase. Vescalagin exhibits non-competitive inhibition for hCA I, hCA II, and α-glycosidase, while also reducing hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia in dietary models. Additionally, it possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, making it a valuable compound for research in diabetes and metabolic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid sodium is an endogenous metabolite involved in the metabolic pathways of L-valine and thymine. It serves as a mediator in endothelial cell fatty acid transport and has implications in insulin resistance. Additionally, this compound can inhibit key enzymes involved in energy metabolism in the cerebral cortex of young rats. Elevated levels of 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid sodium are associated with conditions such as 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria, diabetes, and ketoacidosis, making it a significant target for research on metabolic disorders. -
Stable Isotope
Verapamil-d3 hydrochloride is a deuterium-labeled derivative of the calcium channel blocker, verapamil hydrochloride. It serves as a potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and CYP3A4, facilitating detailed pharmacological studies. This stable isotope is primarily utilized in research related to hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and angina, providing insight into drug metabolism and transport mechanisms in various biological systems. -
IDO1 Inhibitor
IDO1-IN-19 is a selective inhibitor of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), exhibiting an IC50 value of 8.64 μM for CYP2C9. In addition, it modulates cardiac ion channels with IC50 values of 12 μM for IKr, 40 μM for INa, and 8.3 μM for ICa. This compound is valuable for investigating the mechanisms of cancer biology and has potential applications in cancer therapeutics. -
IDHP Isomer
(R)-IDHP is an isomer of isovaleryl-DL-3-hydroxybutyric acid, functioning primarily by inhibiting Ca2+ release and modulating Ca2+ inward flow in both voltage-dependent and receptor-operated calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. This compound exhibits vasorelaxant properties and is valuable in research focused on cardiovascular disease mechanisms and treatments. Its biological activity makes it a useful tool for investigating vascular dynamics and related pathophysiological conditions. -
Drug Metabolite
α-Hydroxy etizolam is the primary metabolite of Etizolam, exhibiting a similar pharmacological profile and high affinity for benzodiazepine receptors. This compound plays a significant role in understanding the metabolic pathways and effects of Etizolam in biological systems. It is utilized in biochemical research to investigate the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics associated with anxiolytic and sedative activities. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Stearoyl-L-carnitine chloride is an endogenous long-chain acylcarnitine that serves as a modulator of glycine transport. It exhibits inhibitory activity on the GlyT2 receptor, reducing glycine responses by 16.8% at concentrations up to 3 μM. This compound is of interest in research focusing on neurotransmitter regulation and metabolic processes related to acylcarnitines. -
Biochemical Reagent
Cathepsin D (CTSD) is a lysosomal aspartic protease that plays a critical role in regulating lysosomal protease activity. Disruption of Cathepsin D function is associated with lysosomal dysfunction and the accumulation of proteins implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, Cathepsin D is involved in the metastatic progression of breast cancer. This reagent is valuable for research applications related to cancer biology, neurodegeneration, and lysosomal disorders. -
Autoinducer Pheromone
3-Oxo-C8-HSL, or N-(3-Oxooctanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone, serves as an autoinducer pheromone involved in quorum sensing within bacterial populations. It activates the TraR-regulated promoter, resulting in a significant increase in tra gene expression. This compound is crucial for studies on bacterial communication and biofilm formation, making it valuable for research into microbial ecology and pathogenesis. -
Biochemical Reagent
6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-β-D-cellobioside is a biochemical reagent that serves as a chromogenic substrate for the detection of β-glucosidase activity. When cleaved by β-glucosidase, it produces a colored indigo product, facilitating the visual quantification of enzymatic activity. This compound is valuable in research applications involving enzyme assays, microbial activity, and cellulose degradation studies. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-cellobiose heptaacetate is a biochemical assay reagent that serves as a substrate for measuring the activity of β-glucosidases and related enzymes. Upon enzymatic cleavage, it releases a fluorescent product, facilitating the quantification of enzyme activity in various biological samples. This compound is utilized in enzymatic studies and is particularly valuable in carbohydrate metabolism research applications. -
S-glycosidic Bond Hydrolase
Thioglucosidase is an S-glycosidic bond hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of thioglucosides. This enzyme is significant in research related to plant defense mechanisms, particularly in the study of glucosinolates and their role in plant interactions with pests and pathogens. Thioglucosidase is a valuable tool for investigating metabolic pathways and the biochemical processes underlying plant defense strategies. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
6-Bromo-2-naphthyl β-D-glucopyranoside is a biochemical assay reagent with a primary mechanism targeting glucosidases. This compound is commonly utilized in the detection of glucosidase activity in various biological studies, facilitating the investigation of enzyme kinetics and substrate interactions. Its application in cellular and molecular research makes it a valuable tool for understanding carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme function. -
Test Substrate
Resorufin-β-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate specifically designed for the detection and quantification of β-glucosidase activity. Upon enzymatic cleavage, it produces resorufin, a highly fluorescent compound that serves as an effective indicator of β-glucosidase presence in biological samples. This reagent is widely used in biochemical assays and studies involving enzyme activity, providing valuable insights into cellular and molecular processes. -
Active Compound
Stearoyl coenzyme A lithium is an active compound utilized as a substrate for the enzymatic activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase in microsomal preparations. This reagent is important for studying lipid metabolism, particularly in the context of fatty acid desaturation processes. Applications include exploring the role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase in cellular function and investigating related metabolic pathways in biochemical research. -
Detection Substrate
3-Indoxyl butyrate serves as a chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterase (CES), leading to the generation of a blue precipitate upon enzymatic cleavage. This reaction makes it a valuable tool for detecting and quantifying CES activity in biological samples. Its sensitivity and specificity enhance research applications in enzyme kinetics and drug metabolism studies. -
Azide
4-Hydroxynonenal alkyne is a click chemical reagent that features alkynes and targets azides for bioorthogonal labeling. This compound induces heme oxygenase activity and promotes apoptosis in colon cancer (RKO) cells, making it a valuable tool for investigating oxidative stress and related cellular processes. Its applications extend to studying lipid peroxidation and the mechanism of action in cancer research. -
Biochemical Assay Reagents
8-Quinolinyl β-D-glucopyranoside is a glucoconjugate derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline, specifically designed for use as a biochemical assay reagent. This compound can be effectively cleaved by β-glucosidase in vitro, making it a valuable tool for studying enzyme activity and mechanisms. Its hydrolytic properties enable applications in various biochemical assays, including those focused on carbohydrate metabolism and enzymatic regulation. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-Amino-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranoside serves as a sensitive substrate for enzymes that hydrolyze glycosidic bonds, specifically targeting glucosidases. Upon enzymatic cleavage, it releases a highly fluorescent compound, enabling quantification of enzymatic activity in various biological samples. This reagent is widely utilized in biochemical assays to study carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme kinetics. -
Enzyme Substrate
Gal-G2-CNP serves as a substrate specifically for the quantitative determination of novel amylase and pancreatic amylase activities. This galactopyranosylmaltoside compound provides a valuable tool for enzyme characterization and kinetic studies, enhancing the understanding of carbohydrate metabolism. Its application is crucial in the study of digestive enzymes, facilitating advancements in biochemical and clinical research. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
4-Methylumbelliferyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside is a biochemical assay reagent primarily utilized for the detection of β-D-glucosidase activity. This compound serves as a fluorogenic substrate, releasing 4-methylumbelliferone upon enzymatic hydrolysis, allowing for sensitive measurement of enzyme activity. It is commonly employed in various biochemical research applications, including studies on enzyme kinetics and carbohydrate metabolism. -
Test Substrate
4-Nitrophenylmaltohexaoside is a chromogenic substrate specifically designed to target α-amylase. It exhibits key biological activity by producing a measurable chromogenic product upon enzymatic cleavage, facilitating the study of α-amylase activity. This reagent is widely applicable in enzymology research and can be utilized for high-throughput screening of α-amylase inhibitors and in the assessment of starch digestion. -
Biochemical Reagent
4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-cellopentoside is a biochemical reagent that serves as a substrate for enzyme assays, specifically targeted towards β-glucosidases. Upon enzymatic cleavage, it releases the fluorescent compound 4-methylumbelliferone, which allows for the quantification of enzyme activity. This compound is utilized in research applications involving carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme kinetics. -
Bile Pigment
Biliverdin dihydrochloride is a tetrapyrrolic pigment generated during the catabolism of heme. It functions primarily through its role in the heme degradation pathway, where it is produced by heme oxygenase and subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. This compound exhibits significant biological activities, including anti-mutagenic properties, antioxidant effects, and immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory actions. Biliverdin dihydrochloride is valuable for research applications involving oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular protection mechanisms. -
Test Substrate
D-Glucopyranose, 98% functions as a key substrate for various glycosidase enzymes, particularly α-glucosidase. This compound is widely utilized in glycobiology research to study carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme activity, facilitating a deeper understanding of glycan interactions and biological systems. Its high purity ensures reliable results in experimental applications. -
Intermediate of SCD1/5 Inhibitor
1-Methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of SCD1 and SCD5 inhibitors. This compound is instrumental in investigating metabolic disorders and their mechanisms. Its role in the development of targeted therapies makes it a valuable reagent for chemical research in metabolic pathways. -
Endogenous Protein Marker
N-TCO-L-lysine is a non-canonical amino acid featuring a trans-cyclooctene (TCO) bioorthogonal reactive linker. This compound is engineered for the selective labeling of endogenous proteins through a bioorthogonal click reaction with SiR-Tz, facilitating site-specific incorporation. N-TCO-L-lysine is valuable for super-resolution and live-cell imaging applications, enabling researchers to study the dynamics and localization of proteins in their native environments. -
Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes
Pancreatin is an extract derived from porcine pancreas, enriched with key pancreatic digestive enzymes, including amylase, lipase, and protease. It facilitates the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, making it essential for studying digestive processes and enzyme activity in various research applications. Pancreatin is commonly used in studies related to gastrointestinal disorders, enzyme replacement therapy, and metabolic research. -
PPARα Activator
Perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid is a potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), exhibiting an EC50 of 2.1 μM for human PPARα. This compound plays a critical role in inducing peroxisome proliferation and elevating proinflammatory mediators, which can lead to impaired intestinal barrier function and disrupted cecal flora balance. Its applications span research into developmental toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and intestinal toxicity, providing valuable insights into these biological processes. -
Biochemical Assay Reagent
3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid is a derivative of salicylic acid primarily used as a biochemical assay reagent. It serves as a colorimetric indicator for the quantification of reducing sugars and is essential in assays for α-amylase and other carbohydrases. This compound is widely utilized in carbohydrate chemistry and enzymatic activity studies, facilitating the analysis of reducing sugars in various samples. -
Herbicide
Dicamba is a systemic herbicide that exhibits selective phytotoxicity by targeting the auxin receptor pathway in plants. It induces tissue damage and cell death in various species, including Gallium aparine L., primarily through mechanisms like lipid peroxidation. Dicamba is predominantly utilized in agricultural and horticultural applications for the effective control of broadleaf weeds. -
α-Amylase substrate
G3-CNP is a substrate for α-amylase, specifically designed to facilitate the monitoring of enzyme activity. Upon cleavage by α-amylase, G3-CNP generates 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol, which can be quantitatively measured at an absorbance of 405 nm. This compound serves as a valuable tool in enzymatic assays for the assessment of carbohydrate metabolism and related biochemical research applications. -
Biochemical Assay Reagents
6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl β-D-glucopyranoside is a biochemical assay reagent designed to detect β-glucosidase activity in yeast. This compound serves as a chromogenic substrate, facilitating the quantitative analysis of enzymatic reactions. It is particularly useful in studies investigating carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme function in various biological systems. -
PPO Inhibitor
PPO-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO), exhibiting a Ki value of 2.5 nM. This compound serves as a valuable click chemistry reagent, featuring an alkyne group that enables it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reactions. Its primary biological activity makes it useful for studying pathways involving heme biosynthesis and investigating potential therapeutic applications in diseases related to PPO dysregulation.
