Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Drug Derivative
PF-244 is a drug derivative that functions as a selective inhibitor of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD). This compound demonstrates significant biological activity by modulating lipid metabolism and may influence cellular processes related to insulin sensitivity and obesity. PF-244 is commonly utilized in research applications focused on metabolic disorders and provides valuable insights into lipid-related pathophysiology. -
PYK Inhibitor
NCGC00188636 is a novel covalent inhibitor of pyruvate kinase (PYK). By blocking nucleotide binding at the active site, NCGC00188636 disrupts PYK activity, thereby influencing metabolic processes. This compound is suited for research into the metabolic pathways of various organisms and cell types, providing insights into cellular energy regulation and potential therapeutic targets. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Estromustine is the active metabolite of Estramustine phosphate, primarily targeting the mutant androgen receptor (m-AR). It demonstrates an EC50 of 2.6 μM in LNCaP prostate cancer cells and exhibits cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 9.73 μM. This compound is valuable for research focused on androgen receptor mutations and their role in prostate cancer therapeutics. -
AR Degrader/CYP17A1 Inhibitor
YXG-158 is an orally active androgen receptor (AR) degrader and CYP17A1 inhibitor. It exhibits AR degradation activity with a DC50 value of 1.28 μM and inhibits CYP17A1 with an IC50 value of 100 nM. This compound is particularly relevant for research applications focused on enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer, providing a valuable tool for investigating therapeutic strategies in this context. -
Endogenous Estrogen Precursor
β-Estradiol 17-acetate serves as an endogenous estrogen precursor, demonstrating significant cell viability and proliferation-enhancing properties. This compound promotes adhesion and proliferation in freshly isolated and revived female-derived human brain microvascular endothelial cells while reversing decreased viability in revived male-derived counterparts. β-Estradiol 17-acetate exhibits the microvascular protective effects of estrogen, facilitating the culture of non-tumor human brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro for up to two months post-cryopreservation. In the human skin and other models, it is biotransformed into β-estradiol through hydrolase activity. -
Drug Intermediate
8-Methyl-4-oxo-N,N-dipropyl-4H-thieno[3,2-c]chromene-2-carboxamide serves as a critical drug intermediate in the synthesis of pyruvate kinase inhibitors. This compound is instrumental in the development of therapeutic agents targeting metabolic pathways, particularly in cancer research, where modulation of pyruvate kinase activity may influence tumor growth and survival. Its utility in synthetic biology allows for the exploration of novel treatments aimed at metabolic dysregulation. -
Leukotriene
Leukotriene E4 methyl ester is a methyl ester derivative of Leukotriene E4, functioning as a potent mediator of inflammatory responses. This compound is utilized in research to investigate the role of leukotrienes in various inflammatory diseases and conditions. Its ability to modulate immune system activity makes it a valuable tool for studying pathways involved in inflammation and allergic responses. -
Endogenous metabolites
2α-Methyl androsterone is an anabolic androgenic steroid that acts as a metabolite of mesterolone and drostanolone. It exhibits key biological activities related to androgen receptors, playing a significant role in various androgen-dependent processes. This compound is primarily utilized in research applications focused on steroid hormone metabolism and the development of anabolic therapies. -
Pheromone
5-Methyldecane is a volatile hydrocarbon identified as a pheromone, primarily sourced from the plant Cordia Africana. This compound has been observed to be released by the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, contributing to its role in chemical communication. Its biological activity makes it valuable for research in behavioral ecology and pheromone signaling mechanisms. -
Glucoside Derivative
2-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic Acid is a glucoside derivative of ascorbic acid that exhibits oral bioactivity. It is hydrolyzed by α-glucosidase to release ascorbic acid, exerting significant effects on melanin synthesis, UV-induced cell damage prevention, and collagen synthesis in skin fibroblasts. Additionally, this compound induces oxidative stress, which can inhibit tumor growth. Applications include research focused on tumor biology, inflammation, and various related conditions. -
PDE5 Inhibitor
Amino Tadalafil is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), acting similarly to its structural analog, tadalafil. It exhibits a significant cross-reactivity of 105.2% with anti-tadalafil polyclonal antibodies, enabling specific detection in various assays. Due to its properties, Amino Tadalafil is suitable for incorporation into dietary supplements and offers potential applications in research exploring erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular health. -
Natural Product
Crocetin dialdehyde is a non-volatile apocarotenoid derived from the enzymatic activity of CCD2 on zeaxanthin in saffron. This compound exhibits potential biological activity and can be metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) to form crocetin. Research applications include studies on carotenoid metabolism and exploring its effects on cellular and physiological processes. Notably, crocetin dialdehyde has been observed to have no detrimental effects on liver function in murine models. -
Cypermethrin Isomer
(1R,2S,1'R)-Cypermethrin is a specific isomer of the pyrethroid pesticide Cypermethrin, classified as Class II due to its moderate toxicity. This compound exhibits significant neurotoxic activity by interacting with voltage-gated sodium channels, leading to prolonged neuronal depolarization. (1R,2S,1'R)-Cypermethrin is primarily employed in research focusing on its effects on nervous system function and insecticidal action. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier allows for studies on its impact on both invertebrate and vertebrate models. -
Stable Isotope
Miglitol-d4 is a deuterium-labeled stable isotope of Miglitol, an α-glucosidase inhibitor. It is utilized in metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies to trace the absorption and impact of Miglitol in biological systems. This compound aids in researching glycemic control and carbohydrate metabolism, providing valuable insights into diabetes management. -
Aldicarb Metabolite
Aldicarb sulfoxide-d3 is a deuterium-labeled metabolite of Aldicarb that serves as a valuable tool in chemical research. This compound primarily targets glutathione-linked enzymes, demonstrating significant inhibitory effects on cholinesterase (ChE) and carboxylesterase (CaE) pathways, with IC50 values of 10 μM in zebrafish models. Its utility extends to studies on metabolic pathways and enzyme interactions, contributing to a deeper understanding of neuroactive compounds and their biological implications. -
Drug Metabolite
15-Acetyl-deoxynivalenol-13C17 is a stable isotope-labeled form of 15-Acetyl-deoxynivalenol, a potent trichothecene toxin primarily found in cereals. This compound acts as a drug metabolite and has demonstrated significant cytotoxic effects on HepG2 liver cells. It serves as a valuable tool for studying the metabolism and toxicological impact of trichothecenes in various biological systems. -
Isotope-Labeled Compound
Oxyfluorfen-d5 is a deuterated analog of Oxyfluorfen, functioning primarily as a protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor. This compound disrupts photosynthesis by inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis, making it effective for controlling both annual broad-leaved and grass weeds in agricultural applications. Oxyfluorfen-d5 is particularly valuable for research in herbicide resistance and the study of herbicide mechanisms at a molecular level. -
HMG-CoA Inhibitor
(3R,5R)-Rosuvastatin Lactone is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that plays a crucial role in cholesterol biosynthesis modification. This compound exhibits potent lipid-lowering effects, making it valuable for studying dyslipidemia and related cardiovascular diseases. Its applications extend to elucidating mechanisms of action in statin therapies and examining its impact on metabolic pathways. -
Endogenous metabolites
11β-Prostaglandin F1β is an endogenous metabolite and a stereoisomer of PGF1α, characterized by inverted hydroxyl groups at C-9 and C-11. This compound plays a significant role in modulating various physiological processes, including inflammation and reproductive functions. It is utilized in research applications focused on prostaglandin signaling pathways and their impact on cellular responses in various biological systems. -
NNMT Inhibitor
NNMT-IN-4 is a selective and uncompetitive inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) with demonstrated membrane permeability. It exhibits IC50 values of 42 nM in biochemical assays and 38 nM in cell-based assays, indicating potent inhibition. With favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, along with excellent oral bioavailability, NNMT-IN-4 serves as a valuable in vivo chemical probe for NNMT research applications. -
Stable Precursor
BODIPY aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal is a stable precursor to BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde, which serves as a fluorescent substrate for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Under acidic conditions, it can be efficiently converted into BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde, facilitating studies of ALDH activity and function. This reagent is valuable for applications in fluorescence microscopy, biochemical assays, and other research areas focused on enzymatic activity and metabolic pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Estrone is a natural estrogenic hormone and a key endogenous metabolite. It is primarily produced in adipose tissue through the aromatization of androstenedione, serving as a significant representative of endogenous estrogens. Estrone plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including reproductive functions and the regulation of the menstrual cycle, making it valuable for research applications in endocrinology and reproductive biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Ethinylestradiol is an orally active synthetic estrogen that primarily targets estrogen receptors. This compound exhibits significant biological activity in modulating hormonal pathways and is extensively utilized in research related to menopausal symptoms, gynecological disorders, and the study of hormone-sensitive cancers. Its application in various assays helps elucidate estrogen-related mechanisms in health and disease. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Menadione is a naphthoquinone that serves as a precursor to active vitamin K2 in the body. This compound exhibits potential anticancer properties and functions as a radiosensitizer, enhancing the efficacy of radiation therapy. Its biological activities make it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology and therapeutic development. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Pantothenic acid, also known as Pantothenate, is an essential trace nutrient and the required precursor for coenzyme A (CoA). This metabolite is integral to various biochemical processes, particularly in the regulation of carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid metabolism. D-Pantothenic acid is widely utilized in research focused on metabolic pathways and enzyme regulation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Vitamin B12, an essential endogenous metabolite, plays a crucial role in maintaining normal brain and nervous system function, as well as in erythropoiesis. It is associated with anti-inflammatory effects and offers protective benefits against oxidative stress-related conditions. This vitamin is widely utilized in research focusing on neurobiology, hematology, and related inflammatory diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Hypoxanthine is an endogenous purine derivative that serves as a potential free radical generator. It is utilized as a biomarker for hypoxia, aiding in the study of oxygen deprivation and its associated metabolic responses. Research applications include investigations into cell injury mechanisms and the effects of hypoxic conditions on cellular functions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Inosine, an endogenous purine nucleoside, is generated through the catabolism of adenosine. It exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties. Inosine acts as an agonist for both adenosine A1 (A1R) and A2A (A2AR) receptors, making it valuable for research applications in inflammation, pain modulation, immune response, and neuroprotection. -
α-Glucosidase Inhibitor
Rebaudioside A is an α-glucosidase inhibitor that demonstrates an IC50 value of 35.01 μg/mL. This steviol glycoside enhances insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells through a glucose-dependent mechanism, which involves the inhibition of KATP channels and subsequent depolarization and calcium influx. Additionally, Rebaudioside A regulates cholesterol metabolism by activating the SREBP signaling pathway and inhibiting HMGCR, leading to increased LDL receptor expression. It is suitable for research in the areas of blood glucose and lipid regulation, as well as obesity management. -
MAO Inhibitor
Rosmarinic acid racemate acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, specifically targeting the MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes as well as catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). It demonstrates inhibition with IC50 values of 50.1 μM for MAO-A, 184.6 μM for MAO-B, and 26.7 μM for COMT. This compound is useful in research applications focused on neurochemical regulation, mood disorders, and the modulation of catecholamine levels. -
Antihyperglycemic Agent
(Z)-3-Butylidenephthalide is an antihyperglycemic agent that primarily inhibits the activity of intestinal and yeast R-glucosidases, with an IC50 value of 2.35 mM and a Ki of 4.86 mM. This compound demonstrates potential for managing hyperglycemia in research applications related to diabetes and glucose metabolism. Its inhibitory properties make it a valuable tool for studying carbohydrate digestion and sugar absorption mechanisms. -
Human Endogenous Metabolite
Linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that serves as a crucial human endogenous metabolite. It is integral to membrane phospholipids, contributing to the structural integrity and fluidity of cellular membranes, particularly within the epidermal water barrier. Additionally, linoleic acid has been implicated in oxidative stress pathways, affecting red blood cells and hemoglobin, which has implications for research in lipid metabolism and oxidative injury. -
Endogenous Metabolite
p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite known for its role in the aroma of vanilla. At elevated concentrations, it exhibits an antagonistic effect on the GABAA receptor, specifically the α1β2γ2S subtype. This compound is utilized in research applications investigating its impact on neuropharmacology and sensory perception. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Stachydrine hydrochloride is an endogenous metabolite that primarily targets the NF-κB signaling pathway. It exhibits notable anti-hypertrophic activities, making it a candidate for research into therapeutic applications for cardiovascular diseases. Its ability to modulate inflammatory responses may provide valuable insights for studies focused on hypertensive conditions and related cardiovascular disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Theaflavin is a natural inhibitor targeting influenza A (H1N1) neuraminidase, a key enzyme involved in viral replication and spread. This endogenous metabolite demonstrates significant antiviral activity, making it a valuable reagent in research focused on influenza pathogenesis and potential therapeutic interventions. Its role in modulating viral behavior positions it as a promising compound for studies on respiratory viral infections. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Campesterol is an endogenous metabolite classified as a plant sterol, primarily known for its cholesterol-lowering properties. This compound exhibits potential anticarcinogenic effects, making it valuable for research in lipid metabolism and cancer biology. Its role in modulating cholesterol levels and cellular processes positions campesterol as a significant focus of study in nutritional science and therapeutic development. -
Endogenous Metabolite
11beta-Hydroxyprogesterone is an endogenous metabolite that functions as a potent inhibitor of 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. It also activates the human mineralocorticoid receptor in COS-7 cells with an effective dose (ED50) of 10 nM. This compound is valuable for research in steroid metabolism and endocrine regulation. Its dual activity makes it a useful tool for studying hormone signaling pathways and their physiological implications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid acts as an endogenous metabolite with demonstrated antibacterial properties. This compound exhibits inhibitory activity against most gram-positive bacteria and select gram-negative strains, with an IC50 value of 160 μg/mL. It serves as a valuable tool for research in microbiology, particularly in studying bacterial resistance and metabolic pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-(+)-Cellobiose is a water-soluble disaccharide that serves as an endogenous metabolite involved in cellulose and hemicellulose degradation. It acts as a vital carbon source for various microorganisms during fermentation, facilitating the production of ethanol and other metabolites. D-(+)-Cellobiose is primarily utilized in research applications related to biofuel production, particularly in the development of sustainable bioethanol processes. -
CYP1A Inhibitor
Dibenzothiophene is a noncompetitive inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), effectively inhibiting CYP1A-mediated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD) activity with a Km value of 0.592 μM. This compound interacts with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway and has been shown to enhance the embryotoxicity of β-naphthoflavone. Its acute toxicity in animal models underscores its relevance in research. Dibenzothiophene is primarily utilized in studies investigating the mechanisms of developmental toxicity in various organisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1-Hexadecanol is a fatty alcohol that acts as a lipophilic substrate, primarily serving as an endogenous metabolite. This compound is valuable in research on ferroptosis, providing insights into lipid metabolism and cellular oxidative stress. Its applications extend to studies exploring the mechanisms underlying cell death pathways and the role of lipid peroxidation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Retinyl palmitate is an ester of retinol and serves as the predominant form of vitamin A in the epidermis. Its primary mechanism is through the modification of cellular processes influenced by retinoids. This compound is widely utilized in pharmaceutical and cosmetic research applications, particularly in studies focusing on skin health and anti-aging formulations. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Tyramine is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in the regulation of blood pressure through its interaction with adrenergic receptors. It plays a significant role in neurotransmission and the modulation of vascular tone. Research applications of tyramine include studies focused on cardiovascular physiology, neurochemistry, and the exploration of dietary impacts on health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
trans-Cinnamaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite that exhibits antibacterial and antifungal properties. This compound is primarily utilized in organic synthesis, facilitating the preparation of highly polyfunctionalized furan rings through the reaction of alkyl isocyanides with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Additionally, trans-Cinnamaldehyde can be employed to synthesize trans-cinnamaldehyde-β-cyclodextrin complexes, which serve as antimicrobial edible coatings to enhance the shelf life of fresh-cut fruits. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Galactose is a naturally occurring aldohexose and C-4 epimer of glucose, serving as an important endogenous metabolite. It plays a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism and is involved in various biological processes, including glycoprotein synthesis and energy production. D-Galactose is utilized in research applications focused on metabolic disorders, cellular signaling, and the effects of glycosylation on protein function. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-(+)-Trehalose dihydrate is an endogenous metabolite recognized for its role as a disaccharide. This compound exhibits notable biological activity, including cellular protection against stress conditions and the modulation of autophagy. It serves as a valuable research tool in studies related to metabolic pathways, neuroprotection, and food science applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-5-Hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) is an endogenous metabolite and the immediate precursor of the neurotransmitter serotonin. It exhibits biological activities such as enhancing serotonin levels, which can contribute to mood regulation, appetite suppression, and improved sleep quality. L-5-HTP is utilized in research focusing on conditions such as fibromyalgia, myoclonus, migraine, and cerebellar ataxia, serving as a valuable tool for studying serotonergic pathways and their implications in various neurological disorders. -
Enzyme
Amylase is an enzyme primarily produced by the pancreas and salivary glands that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into simple sugars. It is classified into α, β, and γ subtypes, each playing a critical role in carbohydrate digestion. Amylase is widely used in biochemical research, food industry applications, and studies investigating carbohydrate metabolism disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite,Cancer Inhibitor
Protoporphyrin IX is an endogenous metabolite and a potent cancer inhibitor, functioning primarily as a radiation sensitizer. It enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, even under hypoxic conditions, leading to increased DNA damage. As a photosensitizer, Protoporphyrin IX undergoes photobleaching upon light exposure, facilitating targeted cancer therapies. Research indicates its efficacy in treating basal cell carcinoma and offers promise for sonodynamic and photodynamic applications in various cancers, including bladder cancer. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Fructose is a naturally occurring monosaccharide with significant roles in carbohydrate metabolism. As an endogenous metabolite, it is primarily derived from the hydrolysis of sucrose and is found in honey, fruits, and various plants. D-Fructose is utilized in research to study metabolic pathways, energy production, and the regulation of blood sugar levels, making it an important compound for investigating metabolic disorders and diabetes.
