Microbiology

PSI-6130(R 1656) is a Hepatitis C Virus Nucleoside Inhibitor.

Omadacycline tosylate is a new tetracycline antibiotic in the pipeline, which can inhibit the 30s subunit of bacterial ribosome.

Chloroquine phosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator.

Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic used for the treatment of serious infections.

Anguizole is a small molecule inhibits HCV replication and alters NS4B's subcellular distribution.

Quinine is a primary alkaloid of various species of Cinchona, optical isomer of Quinidine and an anti-malarial, skeletal, muscle relaxant.

Peramivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor, acting as a transition-state analogue inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase and thereby preventing new viruses from emerging from infected cells.

TMC207 is a first-in-class diarylquinoline compound with a novel mechanism of action, the inhibition of bacterial ATP synthase, and potent activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB.

Grazoprevir (MK-5172) is a selective inhibitor of Hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants, with Kis of 0.01 nM (gt1b), 0.01 nM (gt1a), 0.08 nM (gt2a), 0.15 nM (gt2b), 0.90 nM (gt3a), respectively.

Danoprevir is a potent inhibitor of the HCV NS3/4A serine protease.

T-705, a substituted pyrazine compound, has been found to exhibit potent anti-influenza virus activity in vitro and in vivo.

Saquinavir is a protease inhibitor. Proteases are enzymes that cleave protein molecules into smaller fragments. Saquinavir inhibits both HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases.

VCH-759 is a non-nucleoside inhibitor of HCV RNA-dependent polymerase with sub-micromolar IC50 values versus genotype 1a/1b replicons.

Capreomycin Sulfate is a cyclic peptide antibiotic and thought to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 70S ribosomal unit.

Acetylcysteine is a pharmaceutical drug and nutritional supplement used primarily as a mucolytic agent and in the management of paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose. Oral acetylcysteine is also used for the prevention of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy (a form of acute renal failure).

Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal antibiotic from Streptomyces sp. Amphotericin B induces K+ leakage, which is separate from its lethal action, as was demonstrated in human erythrocytes and is due to the inhibitory effect on the Na+/K+ pump.

Imatinib mesylate, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, induced a sustained objective response in treating gastrointestinal stromal tumors with the inhibition of the KIT signal-transduction pathway.

Brincidofovir is a prodrug of cidofovir. Conjugated to a lipid, the compound is designed to release cidofovir intracellularly, allowing for higher intracellular and lower plasma concentrations of cidofovir, effectively increasing its activity against dsDNA viruses, as well as oral bioavailability.

Propylparaben is an antifungal agent.

Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative and food additive. It is a standardized chemical allergen.

VX-787 is a novel inhibitor of influenza virus replication that blocks the PB2 cap-snatching activity of the influenza viral polymerase complex.

Nevirapine (Viramune) is a potent (IC50=84nM) and selective non-nucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Nelfinavir is a potent and orally bioavailable human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 protease inhibitor (Ki=2 nM) and is widely prescribed in combination with HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection.

AVN-944 (also known as VX-944) serves as an effective oral inhibitor, specifically targeting and inhibiting IMPDH (inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase). This enzyme plays a crucial role as a rate-limiting factor in the synthesis of guanine nucleotides from scratch. Additionally, AVN-944 acts against the synthesis of RNA in arenaviruses, effectively preventing arenavirus infections. Demonstrating a wide spectrum of anti-cancer properties, AVN-944 is utilized in research related to multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Aciclovir is an antiviral agent primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, as well as in the treatment of varicella zoster (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles). It was seen as the start of a new era in antiviral therapy, as it is extremely selective and low in cytotoxicity.

S/GSK1349572 is a potent next generation HIV integrase inhibitor and demonstrates a superior resistance profile substantiated with 60 integrase mutant molecular clones.

Elvitegravir (GS-9137) is a potent inhibitor of the strand-transfer step of integration mediated by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase.

Ciluprevir is a specific and potent peptidomimetic inhibitor of the HCV NS3 protease.

Telaprevir (VX-950) is known as protease inhibitors that inhibits the hepatitis C virus NS3.4A serine protease.

Asunaprevir is an inhibitor of the viral enzyme serine protease NS3.

Avibactam is a covalent, reversible, non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor.

Lamivudine is a potent nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nRTI).

Entecavir hydrate is a nucleoside analog (more specifically, a guanosine analogue) that inhibits reverse transcription, DNA replication and transcription in the viral replication process. Entecavir is an oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of hepatitis B infection.

Colistin is a cyclic cationic decapeptide linked to a fatty acid side chain, it belongs to a group of similarly structured bacterial antimicrobial peptides.

Antibiotic; inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase. Prototypical activator of the pregnane X receptor (PXR).

Retapamulin is an antibacterial agent, specifically a protein synthesis inhibitor

Bictegravir, also known as GS-9883, is a potent, unboosted, once-Daily HIV-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor (INSTI) (IC50 - 1.6 nM) with improved pharmacokinetics and in vitro resistance profile.

Raltegravir (MK-0518) targets integrase, an HIV enzyme that integrates the viral genetic material into human chromosomes, a critical step in the pathogenesis of HIV.

BMS-663068 is an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor in development for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.

Bevirimat (MPC-4326, PA-457, YK-FH312) is a first-in-class HIV-1 maturation inhibitor that demonstrates high potency in cell culture and has shown clinical efficacy in HIV-1-infected patients.

PSI-7977 is a phosphoramidate prodrug of PSI-7851, a nucleoside analog that, when phosphorylated, inhibits the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of hepatitis C virus (EC50 = 92 nM).

Ledipasvir is an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus HCV NS5A protein

MK-0812 is a potent and selective CCR2 antagonist with low nM affinity for CCR2 on human monocytes and low nM in the chemotaxis assay. It has good PK profiles in preclinical species and demonstrated efficacy in animal models.

Bleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. It acts by induction of DNA strand breaks.

PA-824 is an experimental anti-tuberculosis drug.

Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor with an average IC50 of 0.8 μM.

Imipenem is an intravenous betalactam antibiotic discovered by Merck scientists Burton Christensen, William Leanza, and Kenneth Wildonger in 1980.

Amprenavir is an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor with IC50 of 14.6 ?? 12.5 ng/ml for wild-type HIV isolates

Emodin is a purgative resin, from rhubarb, the buckthorn and Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia japonica). It belongs to a family of compounds called anthraquinones, which have shown anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects

Maraviroc is an antiretroviral drug in the CCR5 receptor antagonist class used in the treatment of HIV infection.