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MELK inhibitors block maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase, a kinase studied in cell division. Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) was described in 1997 as a new member of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family. It was first found in mouse eggs and preimplantation embryos. OTSSP167 was reported in 2012 as an orally available MELK inhibitor that suppressed the growth of several human cancer cell types. A 2017 gene-editing study found that cancer cell lines lacking MELK grew normally, which questioned the kinase as a cancer dependency. OTSSP167 also inhibits other kinases, so compounds such as MELK-8a and HTH-01-091 help to separate MELK-specific effects. JNJ-47117096 and MELK-IN-1 are further MELK inhibitors listed in this category.
