- Indocyanine green is a cyanine dye used in medical diagnostics. It is used for determining cardiac output, hepatic function, and liver blood flow, and for ophthalmic angiography.
- Alap Ali Zahid, .et al. , Advanced Functional Materials, 2026, 36:e24571
- Mishal Pokharel, .et al. , Pharmaceutics, 2025, Aug 1;17(8):1007 PMID: 40871028
- Hamoud Alotaibi, .et al. , Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 2025, Aug:213:114747 PMID: 40379109
- Siyang Wu, .et al. , Eur J Pharm Sci, 2025, May 1:208:107049 PMID: 39988263
- Hamoud Alotaibi, .et al. , Eur J Pharm Sci, 2025, Apr 1:207:107034 PMID: 39922238
- Wafa T Al-Jamal, .et al. , Int J Pharm, 2025, Jan 5:668:124963 PMID: 39557180
- Shruti Vig, .et al. , Cancer Drug Resist, 2024, Sep 21:7:35 PMID: 39403604
- Antti I Nykanen, .et al. , J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2022, Mar 11;S0022-5223(22)00248-3 PMID: 35382935
- Lei Li, .et al. , ACS Nano, 2021, Jan 19 PMID: 33464827
- Adrian Rosenberg, .et al. , Mol Imaging, 2020, Jan-Dec; 19: 1536012120934965 PMID: 32609570
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fluorescent indicator
PF6-AM is a new selective fluorescent indicator for hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), a tool to help discover new redox chemistry in biological systems.- Anupriya Khare, .et al. , Cell Rep, 2016, May 24; 15(8): 1700-1714 PMID: 27184852
- NHS-Biotin compound is membrane-permeable and useful for intracellular labeling.
- Hector Aviles, .et al. , J Comp Physiol B, 2025, Jun;195(3):405-413 PMID: 40493084
- Betanin is a red glycosidic food dye obtained from beets
- Kumari, M., .et al. , Acta Physiol Plant, 2024, 46, 17
- Sukirtha Srivarathan, .et al. , J Food Compos Anal, 2023, 115: 104876
- Grewal PS, .et al. , Metab Eng, 2018, Jan;45:180-188 PMID: 29247865
- Tom Clifford, .et al. , Eur J Nutr, 2017, 56(3): 1245-1254 PMID: 26873098
- Kaimainen M, .et al. , Food Chem., 2015, Nov 15;187:398-406. PMID: 25977043
- Acriflavine is a fluorescent dye for labeling high molecular weight RNA. It is also a topical antiseptic.
- Laura Svajda, .et al. , Biomed Pharmacother, 2024, Nov:180:117601 PMID: 39476764
- Clofazimine is a rhimophenazine dye, originally developed for the treatment of tuberculosis, it has both antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activity, postulated mechanisms of action include intercalation of clofazimine with bacterial DNA and increasing levels of cellular phospholipase A2.
- Qinlong Yu, .et al. , Infect Drug Resist, 2025, Oct 4;18:5239-5247 PMID: 41069760
- Nabila Ismail, .et al. , bioRxiv, 2025, March 11 PMID: 40161652
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cell-permeable blue fluorescent dye
Dihydroethidium is a cell-permeable blue fluorescent dye.- R Mahalakshmi, .et al. , Mol Biol Rep, 2022, Jan;49(1):463-476 PMID: 34739690
- Hoechst 33258 trihydrochloride is a cell dye for DNA quantitation.
- Xiao-Hong Guo, .et al. , Oncol Rep, 2021, Dec;46(6):253 PMID: 34643248
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Fluorescent Peptide Substrate
Z-Val-Val-Arg-AMC is a fluorescent peptide substrate specifically designed for the assessment of cathepsin enzyme activity. This compound exhibits a high degree of specificity, facilitating the study of cathepsin-mediated biological processes. It is valuable in research applications involving proteolytic activity and enzyme kinetics, enabling researchers to investigate the roles of cathepsins in various physiological and pathological conditions. -
Fluorescent Substrate Analog
Guanosine 5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine (GpppA) serves as a fluorescent substrate analog targeting RNA synthesis in vitro. As a 5′ cap analog, it plays a pivotal role in facilitating the incorporation of nucleotides during RNA transcription and can be utilized in various research applications, including studies of mRNA capping and translation initiation. -
Fluorescent Probe
Dihydrorhodamine 6G (DHR 6G) serves as a fluorescent probe targeting mitochondrial membranes. This nonfluorescent compound easily penetrates cells and is oxidized by reactive oxidative species or cellular redox systems, converting into the fluorescent rhodamine 6G. DHR 6G is valuable for the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide, making it a crucial tool for research involving oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. -
Fluorescent Probe
PCL-2 is a reactive oxygen species-responsive fluorescent probe targeting hydrogen peroxide. It selectively reacts with hydrogen peroxide to produce 6-hydroxy-2-cyanobenzothiazole, exhibiting minimal response to other biologically relevant reactive oxygen species. PCL-2 is suitable for chemoselective imaging of hydrogen peroxide in in vitro models and can be applied in acute inflammation research using mouse models. This probe allows for the investigation of hydrogen peroxide's role in acute inflammatory processes. -
Fluorescent Probe
7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone is a fluorescent probe that effectively targets hydroxyl radicals. It plays a critical role in detecting DNA damage induced by oxidative stress, providing valuable insights into cellular damage mechanisms. This compound is utilized in various research applications, including studies focused on oxidative stress and DNA repair processes. -
Fluorescent Dye
Cy5-DBCO is a near-infrared fluorescent dye that features an absorption maximum at 646 nm and emission maximum at 670 nm. This compound functions as a click chemistry reagent, containing a DBCO group that readily participates in strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with azide-containing molecules. It is particularly useful in bioconjugation applications, facilitating the labeling of proteins and other biomolecules for imaging and tracking studies, although it is not recommended for staining intracellular components in permeabilized cells due to potential high background. -
Orange Fluorescent Dye
DBCO-Cy3 is an orange fluorescent dye derived from the Cyanine3 fluorophore, exhibiting stable fluorescence across a pH range of 4-10. It has an excitation maximum at 555 nm and an emission maximum at 580 nm, making it suitable for various fluorescence applications. DBCO-Cy3 features rapid reaction kinetics and is compatible with standard fluorescence instruments. As a click chemistry reagent, it contains a DBCO group that facilitates strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with azide-containing molecules, enabling targeted labeling and imaging in biochemical research. -
Fluorescent Dye
CPM is a maleimide derivative that functions as a blue fluorescent thiol-reactive dye, with excitation and emission maxima at 387 and 463 nm, respectively. This compound is primarily utilized for the selective labeling of sulfhydryl groups in proteins and peptides, enabling the study of protein interactions, dynamics, and functions in various biological contexts. Its applications are valuable in biochemistry, cell biology, and proteomics research. -
Nonfluorescent Reagent
NBD-Cl is a nonfluorescent reagent that undergoes a transformation to become highly fluorescent upon reacting with thiols or amino groups. This unique property makes it an invaluable tool for labeling and detecting biomolecules in various biochemical assays. NBD-Cl is widely used in the characterization of proteins and peptides, facilitating studies in areas such as biochemistry, molecular biology, and pharmacology. -
Amine-Reactive Fluorescent Agent
5-TAMRA-SE is an amine-reactive fluorescent agent that forms stable conjugates, exhibiting bright, pH-insensitive orange-red fluorescence with excellent photostability (Ex/Em = 565/580 nm). This reagent is ideal for a variety of applications, including protein labeling, cellular imaging, and flow cytometry, enabling researchers to visualize biological processes with precision and clarity. -
Fluorescent Dye
Rhodamine-N3 chloride is a fluorescent dye with a primary mechanism based on its azide functionalities. This reagent is designed for the labeling of biomolecules containing alkyne groups through copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reactions as well as strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with DBCO or BCN groups. With an excitation/emission wavelength of 544/576 nm, Rhodamine-N3 chloride is ideal for various applications in bioimaging and chemical biology studies. -
Fluorescent Dye
5(6)-CFDA is a fluorescent dye that acts through passive diffusion into cells, where it is hydrolyzed by intracellular non-specific lipases into carboxyl fluorescein (CF). The carboxylate group of CF imparts a negative charge, enhancing its retention within cells compared to traditional fluorescein dyes. This property makes 5(6)-CFDA particularly useful for various biological applications such as cell tracking, apoptosis detection, and cellular viability assays in live cell imaging studies. -
Azide Fluorescent Probe
Fl-DIBO (fluorogenic dibenzocyclooctyne) is a selective fluorescent probe specifically designed for azide compounds. It enables the rapid formation of highly fluorescent products upon reaction with azides, exhibiting maximum emission at 469 nm and excitation at 363 nm. This probe is ideal for labeling diazo-tagged proteins, providing minimal background signal interference. As a click chemistry reagent, Fl-DIBO contains an alkyne moiety, facilitating copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with azide-containing molecules, making it a valuable tool for various bioconjugation applications in chemical biology. -
Red Fluorescent Dye
Janelia Fluor® 646, SE is a red fluorescent dye that facilitates cellular imaging applications. This compound exhibits excellent photostability and brightness, making it ideal for high-resolution visualization of biological specimens. Its unique properties enable researchers to conduct advanced studies in cellular dynamics, protein localization, and other fluorescence-based research endeavors. -
Fluorescent Dye
Cyanine5 azide chloride is a versatile fluorescent dye featuring an azide functional group, making it amenable to copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). With excitation and emission wavelengths of 646 nm and 662 nm, respectively, it is highly effective for various biological imaging applications. Its reactive profile allows for coupling with terminal alkynes, as well as ring strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with DBCO or BCN-containing molecules, thereby expanding its utility in chemical biology and conjugation strategies. -
Fluorescent Dye
5(6)-TAMRA SE is a fluorescent dye that emits red fluorescence, primarily targeting oligonucleotides. Its ability to bind specifically to these molecules makes it ideal for applications in DNA sequencing, facilitating the analysis of genetic material. Additionally, 5(6)-TAMRA SE is employed in cancer research, with optimal excitation and emission wavelengths at 565 nm and 580 nm, respectively. -
Fluorescent Dye
Acrylodan is a fluorescent dye that exhibits sensitivity to the local dipolarity and dynamics in the environment surrounding Cys34 upon reaction with thiols. This compound serves as a valuable tool for studying protein conformation and dynamics in biochemical research. Its characteristics make it suitable for applications in fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy, enabling researchers to probe molecular interactions and conformational changes in biological systems. -
Fluorescent Probe
5-IAF (5-Iodoacetamidofluorescein) is a fluorescent probe that selectively labels proteins and other molecules containing free thiols, particularly cysteine side chains. Its utility in labeling enables the visualization and tracking of thiol-containing biomolecules in various biological studies. This compound is instrumental in protein interaction studies and cellular imaging applications, providing insights into protein dynamics and cellular processes. -
Fluorescent Dye
Cyanine5.5 maleimide chloride is a fluorescent dye known for its ability to label biomolecules effectively. This dye exhibits long wavelength absorption and emission profiles, high extinction coefficients, and water solubility, making it suitable for various applications in biological research. It is commonly used for the labeling of proteins, antibodies, and small molecular compounds through straightforward coupling reactions. Cyanine5.5 maleimide chloride facilitates enhanced visualization in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, enabling researchers to study protein interactions and cellular processes with precision. -
Fluorescent Reagent
4-(Aminosulfonyl)-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (ABD-F) is a fluorescent reagent specifically designed for the sensitive detection of thiol groups, exhibiting excitation and emission wavelengths of 380 nm and 510 nm, respectively. This compound displays a low fluorescence background, enhancing signal clarity in analytical applications. Its robust stability as a fluorophore makes it suitable for various biochemical assays and research applications involving thiol-based biomolecules. -
Rhodamine Dye
5-ROX (5-Carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a rhodamine dye known for its strong fluorescence properties in aqueous buffers. It exhibits an excitation wavelength (λexit) of 580 nm and an emission wavelength (λemit) of 604 nm, making it suitable for a variety of fluorescence applications. This dye is commonly utilized in molecular biology for labeling and tracking biomolecules, enabling enhanced visualization in imaging and detection assays. -
Fluorescent Dye
7-Dimethylaminocoumarin-4-acetic acid is a fluorescent dye that emits high-intensity fluorescence upon excitation. It is commonly used in biological imaging and assay development due to its excellent photostability and water solubility. This compound can facilitate the study of cellular processes and molecular interactions, making it valuable for researchers in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology. -
Fluorescent Thiol Reagent
N-(9-Acridinyl)maleimide is a maleimide-based fluorescent thiol reagent that functions primarily through covalent coupling with thiol compounds. While N-(9-Acridinyl)maleimide itself exhibits minimal fluorescence, its conjugates display pronounced blue fluorescence, making it an effective tool for monitoring thiol-containing biomolecules. This reagent is commonly utilized for the fluorometric determination of cysteine and glutathione, aiding in the study of redox biology and thiol-related processes. -
Fluorescent Dye
Cyanine3 azide chloride is a fluorescent dye that serves as a versatile tool for bioorthogonal labeling through click chemistry. Featuring an azide group, it facilitates copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with alkyne-labeled proteins and can also participate in strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with DBCO or BCN groups. This reagent emits strong fluorescence with an excitation wavelength of 684 nm and an emission wavelength of 710 nm, making it suitable for applications in cellular imaging, protein labeling, and various bioconjugation techniques. -
Thiol-Selective Reactive Dye
Tetramethylrhodamine-5-iodoacetamide (5-TMRIA) is a thiol-selective reactive dye that interacts primarily with cysteine residues in proteins, facilitating non-specific labeling. This compound is effectively utilized for covalently labeling proteins, which is crucial for tracking and studying protein interactions and dynamics. Additionally, 5-TMRIA can also be employed for covalent labeling of DNA fragments, expanding its application in various molecular biology and biochemical research studies. -
Nucleic Acid Fluorescent Dyes
5(6)-ROX (5(6)-Carboxy-X-rhodamine) is a nucleic acid fluorescent dye widely used as a reference dye in real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). It exhibits excitation and emission maxima at 585 nm and 605 nm, respectively, allowing for efficient fluorescence detection. This dye is essential for quantitative analysis, standardizing measurements in multiplex qPCR assays, and enhancing the reliability of nucleic acid quantification. -
Fluorescent Dye
4-Hydrazino-7-nitro-benzofurazan hydrazine adduct is a fluorescent dye that serves as a reactive probe for protein labeling. This compound exhibits strong fluorescence properties, facilitating visualization and analysis of proteins in various biological contexts. Its application extends to studies in protein dynamics, cellular localization, and biomolecular interactions, making it an essential tool in biochemical research. -
Fluorescent Dye
6-FAM-PEG3-Azide is a fluorescent dye that serves as a versatile labeling reagent for oligonucleotides. It features an azide functional group, enabling it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with alkyne-bearing molecules. Additionally, 6-FAM-PEG3-Azide can engage in strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with compounds containing DBCO or BCN groups. This dye is particularly valuable in various applications, including bioimaging and targeted delivery studies. -
Fluorescent Dye
4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium is a fluorescent dye that targets cellular structures for imaging applications. It exhibits strong fluorescence, making it suitable for demonstrating retrograde axonal transport and labeling secondary antibodies. Additionally, this compound can be employed as a fluorescent whole cell stain in various biological research applications, facilitating the visualization of cellular processes. -
Red Fluorescent Dye
Janelia Fluor® 646, Tetrazine is a red fluorescent dye characterized by its tetrazine moiety. This compound serves as a versatile click chemistry reagent, enabling efficient labeling through inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) reactions with TCO-containing molecules. Its robust fluorescent properties make JF646, Tetrazine suitable for applications in cellular imaging, facilitating the visualization of dynamic biological processes in live cells. -
Fluorescent Dye
PA Janelia Fluor® 549, SE is a fluorescent dye designed for photoactivation applications. With an absorption maximum of 549 nm and an emission maximum of 571 nm, this bright fluorophore is ideal for sensitive imaging in biological research. It is utilized in a variety of assays, including live-cell microscopy and super-resolution imaging, enabling detailed visualization of cellular components and dynamics. -
Amine-Reactive Fluorescent Agent
6-TAMRA-SE (6-TAMRA-NHS ester) is an amine-reactive fluorescent agent that serves as a powerful dye for labeling applications. This compound is widely utilized in molecular biology, particularly in automated DNA sequencing, due to its bright fluorescence and stability. Its ability to specifically target amine groups makes it an invaluable tool for the conjugation of biomolecules in various research settings. -
Fluorogenic Azide Dye
Sulfo-Cy3 Azide is a water-soluble fluorogenic azide dye designed for Click Chemistry applications. By incorporating an azide group, it facilitates the selective labeling of sensitive bioconjugates, including proteins, through copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with alkyne-containing molecules. Additionally, it can participate in ring strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with DBCO or BCN functionalized compounds, making it a versatile tool for biochemical and imaging studies. -
Fluorescent Probe
NBD-X acid is a fluorescent probe that features a nitrobenzoxadiazole moiety. It exhibits strong fluorescence properties, making it suitable for imaging and tracking biomolecules in various biological studies. NBD-X acid is commonly employed in the investigation of biomolecular interactions, providing valuable insights into structural and functional dynamics. -
Fluorescent Dye
Cyanine5 amine hydrochloride is a potent fluorescent dye with strong absorbance at 646 nm and emission at 662 nm. It is suitable for use in a variety of molecular imaging applications, particularly through its ability to react with terminal alkynes in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions. This reagent is essential for developing fluorescent probes and conjugates for biological research. -
Near-Infrared Fluorescent Dye
Cyanine5.5 alkyne chloride is a near-infrared fluorescent dye that exhibits excitation at 678 nm and emission at 694 nm. This alkynyl-modified compound is particularly effective for click chemistry applications, enabling efficient labeling through reactions with azides. Its properties make it suitable for a variety of biological research applications, including imaging and tracking in live cells and tissues. -
Fluorescent Label
4-Bromomethyl-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin is a fluorescent label specifically designed for the detection of carboxylic acids through chromatographic methods. This compound exhibits strong fluorescence, enabling sensitive and selective identification of target analytes. Its application is particularly valuable in analytical chemistry for the quantification and characterization of carboxylic acid-based compounds. -
Thiol-directed Fluorescent Dye
DACM (N-(7-Dimethylamino-4-methyl-3-coumarinyl)maleimide) is a thiol-directed fluorescent dye that exhibits excitation and emission maxima at 396 nm and 468 nm, respectively. This compound is primarily used for the selective labeling of thiol groups in biomolecules, facilitating studies in protein biochemistry and cellular imaging. Its high fluorescence quantum yield makes DACM particularly valuable for tracking and quantifying thiol-containing proteins in various biological research applications. -
Fluorescent Dyes
1,4-Dichloro 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine is a fluorescent dye known for its high sensitivity and compatibility with various biological assays. With an excitation wavelength of 541 nm and emission at 568 nm, it effectively labels proteins and other biomolecules, enabling the visualization of cellular processes. This reagent is widely used in fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and other applications requiring precise detection and quantification of target molecules in complex biological systems. -
Fluorescent Tracer
6-TRITC (Tetramethylrhodamine-6-isothiocyanate) is a highly effective fluorescent tracer utilized in various biological research applications. It serves as a probe for haptenated proteins and peptides, facilitating investigations into contact allergy mechanisms. Additionally, 6-TRITC is suitable for confocal imaging of living cells, allowing for enhanced visualization and analysis of cellular processes. -
Cyanine Dye
3,3-Diethylthiacarbocyanine iodide is a cyanine dye known for its strong fluorescent properties. It is widely utilized in photochemical applications, particularly in studies involving fluorescence microscopy and spectrophotometry. This compound serves as a vital tool for researchers in investigating biological processes and cellular dynamics. -
Dye Reagent
DBCO-PEG12-TCO is a dual-functional click chemistry reagent featuring both DBCO and TCO moieties. The DBCO group enables strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with azide-bearing molecules, while the TCO moiety is capable of engaging in inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) reactions with tetrazine-containing compounds. This reagent is suitable for applications in bioconjugation, drug discovery, and the development of functionalized biomolecules in chemical biology research.

